380 lines
49 KiB
XML
380 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="6ABA282BA8375DE6DDC9ACA0246FE843" ID-CLB-Dataset="7890" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="344f8a86-21a1-428e-ae4f-01ea6082254a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4423340" ID-ZooBank="C21A719F-9A6B-4227-8386-1AFA22620614" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610022441531" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2020" docId="C04787D4FFF4FFDFFF07FE596188CD6A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4871.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4871 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ixodes frontalis" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="3C7EFFACFFE9FFC2FF90FFA76543CB47" masterDocTitle="Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698923194747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3F338B0400ED382DD39EC227E8102385">
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<mods:title id="734CE78986A9F61D955CA9E0EEB9148F">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A585686007828BF7CFA662220D709AB5">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="30D20BAB0610606C776C218268A6FD56" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5430-2889</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FE7FE4ECBAD78216926BB00D4D463688" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="94A3DCBC76B1FA82771729F1CC40A405">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="24E02DC664EC55A52F2F87F5F71D2B2F">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="26DAA93405B08205AD5C862C2CCE38FE" type="email">trevor.petney@smnk.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5E5D01D2EA7BED7187924D306635995B">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="28BF2DDC574B5C0B05A372C9AAC5DAE5" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4757E7AAB964466E402D7A54040CC359">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BA1E12A0AF0034A373401D9E956D0CBD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E9885E6D73E09A017BA2073CC1760C67">
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<mods:date id="86EE85043431CDB9051FBB814D8F9572">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="097B58E9CB6BAACC48E677901AEF8C62">2020-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2BBCFC553850AA647DB31526E41CB2C5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="590176B12271063189013DA060B19DE1">4871</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FFF4FFDFFF07FE596188CD6A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4576250" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179989692" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4576250" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FFF4FFDFFF07FE596188CD6A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FFF4FFDFFF07FE596188CD6A" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFF4FFDFFF07FE59676FC95E" box="[151,556,510,537]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FE59676FC95E" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" box="[151,556,510,537]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FE5965F9C95F" bold="true" box="[151,186,510,536]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">86.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFF57FE59676BC95E" ID-CoL="6NBX9" authority="(Panzer, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[199,552,510,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF57FE59643FC95E" bold="true" box="[199,380,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFE1AFE586763C95E" author="Panzer, G. W. F." box="[394,544,511,537]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref236823" refString="Panzer, G. W. F. (1798) Faunae Insectorum Germanicae Initia, part 59, Nurnberg." type="book" year="1798">Panzer, 1798</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="00F46549FFF4FFDFFDA1FE5866C6C98A" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFDA1FE5866C6C98A" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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A Palearctic species, all of whose parasitic stages are usually found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFAD3FE5865AAC97A" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFF62FD84641AC97A" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[242,345,547,573]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Turdidae</taxonomicName>
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, but this species has also been recorded from other
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFC1DFD846687C97A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[909,964,547,573]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Aves</taxonomicName>
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(several orders), with rare records of adult ticks from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFE9FFDE064C0C926" authorityName="Bowdich" authorityYear="1821" box="[271,387,583,609]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Carnivora</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFE1CFDE0649DC926" box="[396,478,583,609]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Felidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFD83FDE067CCC926" box="[531,655,583,609]" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Mustelidae</taxonomicName>
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(Guglielmone
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFCA7FDE0662CC926" box="[823,879,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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2014,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFC29FDE06129C926" author="Cull, B. & Pietzsch, M. E. & Hansford, K. M. & Gillingham, E. L. & Medlock, J. M." box="[953,1130,583,609]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="605 - 614" refId="ref193492" refString="Cull, B., Pietzsch, M. E., Hansford, K. M., Gillingham, E. L. & Medlock, J. M. (2018) Surveillance of British ticks: an overview of species records, host associations, and new records of Ixodes ricinus distribution. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 9, 605 - 614. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2018.01.011" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Cull
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFC60FDE06164C926" box="[1008,1063,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFBEBFDE0606BC926" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1147,1320,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFBEBFDE0606BC926" box="[1147,1320,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was listed as a very rare parasite of humans in
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFDBFFDCC66E9C9C2" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G." box="[559,938,619,645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref204760" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G. (2018) Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) parasitizing humans. A global overview. Springer, Cham, 314 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 95552 - 0" type="book" year="2018">Guglielmone and Robbins (2018)</bibRefCitation>
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||
, but
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFC71FDCC61E7C9C2" author="Cull, B. & Pietzsch, M. E. & Gillingham, E. L. & McGinley, L. & Medlock, J. M. & Hansford, K. M." box="[993,1188,619,645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="112 - 121" refId="ref193574" refString="Cull, B., Pietzsch, M. E., Gillingham, E. L., McGinley, L., Medlock, J. M. & Hansford, K. M. (2020) Seasonality and anatomical location of human tick bites in the United Kingdom. Zoonoses and Public Health, 67, 112 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zph. 12659" type="journal article" year="2020">
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||
Cull
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||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFB89FDCC6111C9C2" box="[1049,1106,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2020)
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</bibRefCitation>
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added new records of human parasitism by this tick, and
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFD8DFD286794C9EE" author="Kar, S. & Yilmazer, N. & Akyildiz, G. & Gargili, A." box="[541,727,655,681]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref216921" refString="Kar, S., Yilmazer, N., Akyildiz, G. & Gargili, A. (2017) The human infestation ticks in the city of Istanbul and its vicinity with references to a new species for Turkey. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 22, 2245 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 22.12.14" type="book" year="2017">
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Kar
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFDDEFD2867C5C9EE" box="[590,646,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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recorded several specimens from humans, although these latter records have been questioned in
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFD95FD1466C3C98A" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G." box="[517,896,691,717]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref204760" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G. (2018) Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) parasitizing humans. A global overview. Springer, Cham, 314 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 95552 - 0" type="book" year="2018">Guglielmone and Robbins (2018)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="00F46549FFF4FFDFFF07FD706188CD6A" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FD706428C9B6" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" box="[151,363,726,753]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FD7065F8C9B6" bold="true" box="[151,187,727,753]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">M:</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF52FD706428C9B6" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[194,363,726,753]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="151 - 154" refId="ref182830" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1952 a) Ixodes frontalis Panzer, 1795. A review of the species. Parasitology, 42, 151 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000084390" type="journal article" year="1952">Arthur (1952a)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FD5C6186C852" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" box="[151,1221,763,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FD5C65F1C852" bold="true" box="[151,178,763,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">F:</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF29FD5C641BC852" author="Panzer, G. W. F." box="[185,344,763,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref236823" refString="Panzer, G. W. F. (1798) Faunae Insectorum Germanicae Initia, part 59, Nurnberg." type="book" year="1798">Panzer (1798)</bibRefCitation>
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||
, under the name
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||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFD88FD5C678FC852" authorityName="Panzer" authorityYear="1798" box="[536,716,763,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Acarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFD88FD5C678FC852" box="[536,716,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Acarus frontalis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, and given its current status in
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFBBAFD5C6186C852" author="Koch, C. L." box="[1066,1221,763,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="217 - 239" refId="ref220835" refString="Koch, C. L. (1844 a) Systematische Ubersicht uber die Ordnung der Zecken. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 10, 217 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29560" type="journal article" year="1844">Koch (1844a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FCB8675AC87E" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" box="[151,537,798,825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FCB865F6C87E" bold="true" box="[151,181,799,825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">N:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF2AFCB86424C87E" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[186,359,798,825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="175 - 177" refId="ref182968" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1953 b) The immature stages of Ixodes frontalis Panzer, 1795. Parasitology, 43, 175 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000018461" type="journal article" year="1953">Arthur (1953b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see note below
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FCE4675AC81A" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" box="[151,537,834,861]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FCE465F0C81A" bold="true" box="[151,179,835,861]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF2AFCE46424C81A" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[186,359,834,861]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="175 - 177" refId="ref182968" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1953 b) The immature stages of Ixodes frontalis Panzer, 1795. Parasitology, 43, 175 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000018461" type="journal article" year="1953">Arthur (1953b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see note below
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FCC1640BC8C7" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" box="[151,328,870,896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FCC1640BC8C7" bold="true" box="[151,328,870,896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Redescriptions</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FC2C67E8C88E" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FC2C65F8C8E2" bold="true" box="[151,187,907,933]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">M:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF53FC2C64C1C8E2" author="Filippova, N. A." box="[195,386,907,933]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref200597" refString="Filippova, N. A. (1977) Ixodid ticks (Ixodinae). In: Fauna USSR New Series, 4 (4), Nauka, Moscow, Leningrad, 396 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1977">Filippova (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFE1FFC2C672AC8E2" author="Santos Dias, J. A. T." box="[399,617,907,933]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="153 - 170" refId="ref243569" refString="Santos Dias, J. A. T. (1990) Mais dois novos ixodideos (Acarina, Ixodoidea) para a fauna de Portugal. Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia, 4 - 15 (117), 153 - 170." type="journal article" year="1990">Santos Dias (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFDE5FC2C664AC8E2" author="Siuda, K." box="[629,777,907,933]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref246619" refString="Siuda, K. (1993) Ticks of Poland (Acari: Ixodidae) Part II. Systematic and distribution. Polish Parasitological Society, Warsaw, 380 pp. [in Polish]" type="book" year="1993">Siuda (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFC86FC2C6684C8E1" author="Hillyard, P. D." box="[790,967,907,934]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref207142" refString="Hillyard, P. D. (1996) Ticks of North-West Europe. Keys and notes for identification of the species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) (52) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury, 178 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hillyard (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFC44FC2C6135C8E2" author="Slovak, M." box="[980,1142,907,933]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="8 - 13" refId="ref246828" refString="Slovak, M. (2010) Pictorial key to the adult ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of the Slovakia fauna. Entomofauna Carpathica, 22, 8 - 13." type="journal article" year="2010">Slovák (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFB12FC2C60DBC8E2" author="Bona, M. & Stanko, M." box="[1154,1432,907,933]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="478 - 481" refId="ref188629" refString="Bona, M. & Stanko, M. (2013) First record of the tick Ixodes frontalis (Panzer, 1795) [sic] (Acari, Ixodidae) in Slovakia. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 4, 478 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2013.06.002" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="30F97652FFF4FFDFFB12FC2C61FEC8E2" box="[1154,1213,907,933]" name="Algeria" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Bona</collectingCountry>
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and Stanko (2013)
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</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF07FC086438C88E" author="Heylen, D. & De Coninck, E. & Jansen, F. & Madder, M." box="[151,379,943,969]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="693 - 700" refId="ref207039" refString="Heylen, D., De Coninck, E., Jansen, F. & Madder, M. (2014) Differential diagnosis of three common Ixodes spp. ticks infesting songbirds of Western Europe: Ixodes arboricola, I. frontalis and I. ricinus. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 5, 693 - 700. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2014.05.006" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Heylen
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF7FFC086464C88E" box="[239,295,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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(2014)
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFE17FC0867E8C88E" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." box="[391,683,943,969]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref199181" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
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Estrada-Peña
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFDB1FC086719C88E" box="[545,602,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FC7464D4CF1E" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FC7465F1C8AA" bold="true" box="[151,178,979,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF2AFC746428C8AA" author="Olenev, N. O." box="[186,363,979,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref235584" refString="Olenev, N. O. (1931 a) Parasitic ticks (Ixodoidea) of USSR. Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR, Izdavaemye Zoologischeskim Muzeem Akademii Nauk, 4, 1 - 125. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1931">Olenev (1931a)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFEE8FC746771C8AA" author="Schulze, P." box="[376,562,979,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="432 - 437" refId="ref244614" refString="Schulze, P. (1933 c) Neue und wenig bekannte deutsche Ixodes - Arten. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, 6, 432 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02121956" type="journal article" year="1933">Schulze (1933c)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFDAFFC746624C8AA" author="Pomerantzev, B. I. & Matikashvili, N. V. & Lotozky, B. V." box="[575,871,979,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="100 - 133" refId="ref238435" refString="Pomerantzev, B. I., Matikashvili, N. V. & Lotozky, B. V. (1940) An ecological and faunistic outline of Ixodidae ticks occurring in Transcaucasia. Parazitologicheskii Sbornik, 7, 100 - 133. [in Russian, NAMRU- 3 translation 51]" type="journal article" year="1940">
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Pomerantzev
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFD49FC746650C8AA" box="[729,787,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFCE4FC746118C8AA" author="Pomerantzev, B. I." box="[884,1115,978,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 224" refId="ref238400" refString="Pomerantzev, B. I. (1950) Ixodid ticks (Ixodidae). In: Fauna SSSR, Paukoobraznye, 4 (2), 1 - 224. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1950">Pomerantzev (1950)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFBF6FC74604AC8AA" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[1126,1289,978,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="151 - 154" refId="ref182830" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1952 a) Ixodes frontalis Panzer, 1795. A review of the species. Parasitology, 42, 151 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000084390" type="journal article" year="1952">Arthur (1952a</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFA85FC75601CC8AA" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[1301,1375,978,1005]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="239 - 245" refId="ref183049" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1953 d) Ixodes theileri n. sp., with observations on species confused therewith. Parasitology, 43, 239 - 245. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000018606" type="journal article" year="1953">1953d</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFAE4FC746451CF55" author="Babos, S." pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref185196" refString="Babos, S. (1964) Die Zeckenfauna Mitteleuropas. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 410 pp." type="book" year="1964">Babos (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFE8EFC50675ECF56" author="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W" box="[286,541,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref234235" refString="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W (1972) Central-European ticks (Ixodoidea). Mittellungen der Abteilung fur Zoologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum, 1, 61 - 92." type="journal article" year="1972">Nosek and Sixl (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFDB9FC5067ABCF56" author="Filippova, N. A." box="[553,744,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref200597" refString="Filippova, N. A. (1977) Ixodid ticks (Ixodinae). In: Fauna USSR New Series, 4 (4), Nauka, Moscow, Leningrad, 396 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1977">Filippova (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFD65FC50668DCF56" author="Santos Dias, J. A. T." box="[757,974,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="153 - 170" refId="ref243569" refString="Santos Dias, J. A. T. (1990) Mais dois novos ixodideos (Acarina, Ixodoidea) para a fauna de Portugal. Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia, 4 - 15 (117), 153 - 170." type="journal article" year="1990">Santos Dias (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFC49FC5061D7CF56" author="Tovornik, D." box="[985,1172,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="157 - 164" refId="ref251676" refString="Tovornik, D. (1991) Data on ticks Ixodes frontalis (Panzer, 1798) and Ixodes arboricola Schulze et Schlottke, 1929 found on birds in Yugoslavia. Biologii Vestnik, 39, 157 - 164." type="journal article" year="1991">Tovornik (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFB0FFC506070CF56" author="Siuda, K." box="[1183,1331,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref246619" refString="Siuda, K. (1993) Ticks of Poland (Acari: Ixodidae) Part II. Systematic and distribution. Polish Parasitological Society, Warsaw, 380 pp. [in Polish]" type="book" year="1993">Siuda (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFAAFFC5065A7CF71" author="Hillyard, P. D." pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref207142" refString="Hillyard, P. D. (1996) Ticks of North-West Europe. Keys and notes for identification of the species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) (52) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury, 178 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hillyard (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF64FBBC6740CF72" author="Lundqvist, L. & Gray, J. S. & Hillyard, P. D." box="[244,515,1051,1077]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="215 - 216" refId="ref227712" refString="Lundqvist, L., Gray, J. S. & Hillyard, P. D. (1998) Ixodes frontalis on the Baltic island of Gotland, Sweden. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12, 215 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2915.1998.00101. x" type="journal article" year="1998">
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Lundqvist
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFEE0FBBC64EFCF72" box="[368,428,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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(1998)
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFD83FBBC67FBCF72" author="Slovak, M." box="[531,696,1051,1077]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="8 - 13" refId="ref246828" refString="Slovak, M. (2010) Pictorial key to the adult ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of the Slovakia fauna. Entomofauna Carpathica, 22, 8 - 13." type="journal article" year="2010">Slovák (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFD58FBBC66F7CF72" author="Schorn, S. & Schol, H. & Pfister, K. & Silaghi, C." box="[712,948,1051,1077]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="228 - 230" refId="ref244190" refString="Schorn, S., Schol, H., Pfister, K. & Silaghi, C. (2011) First record of Ixodes frontalis collected by flagging in Germany. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 2, 228 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2011.07.003" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Schorn
|
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFCB2FBBC661DCF72" box="[802,862,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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(2011)
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFC54FBBC61F0CF72" author="Heylen, D. & De Coninck, E. & Jansen, F. & Madder, M." box="[964,1203,1051,1077]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="693 - 700" refId="ref207039" refString="Heylen, D., De Coninck, E., Jansen, F. & Madder, M. (2014) Differential diagnosis of three common Ixodes spp. ticks infesting songbirds of Western Europe: Ixodes arboricola, I. frontalis and I. ricinus. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 5, 693 - 700. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2014.05.006" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
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Heylen
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFB8FFBBC6118CF72" box="[1055,1115,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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(2014)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFB52FBBC65A6CF1E" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref199181" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
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Estrada-Peña
|
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFAF0FBBC60DECF72" box="[1376,1437,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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; see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FBC464E3CF82" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FBC465F6CF3A" bold="true" box="[151,181,1123,1149]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">N:</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF50FBC46424CF39" author="Reznik, P. A." box="[192,359,1123,1150]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="276 - 286" refId="ref239623" refString="Reznik, P. A. (1961) Contribution to study of immature stages of the tick family Ixodidae. Communication six. Description of Ixodes frontalis Panz. larvae and nymphs and Ixodes redikorzevi Ol. larvae. Trudy Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Protivochumnogo Instituta Kavkaza i Zakavkaza, 5, 276 - 286. [in Russian, NAMRU- 3 translation 382]" type="journal article" year="1961">Reznik (1961)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFEE6FBC46757CF39" author="Babos, S." box="[374,532,1123,1150]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref185196" refString="Babos, S. (1964) Die Zeckenfauna Mitteleuropas. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 410 pp." type="book" year="1964">Babos (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFDB4FBC4666CCF3A" author="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W" box="[548,815,1123,1149]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref234235" refString="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W (1972) Central-European ticks (Ixodoidea). Mittellungen der Abteilung fur Zoologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum, 1, 61 - 92." type="journal article" year="1972">Nosek and Sixl (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFCAEFBC46142CF3A" author="Filippova, N. A." box="[830,1025,1123,1149]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref200597" refString="Filippova, N. A. (1977) Ixodid ticks (Ixodinae). In: Fauna USSR New Series, 4 (4), Nauka, Moscow, Leningrad, 396 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1977">Filippova (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFB81FBC4618CCF3A" author="Tovornik, D." box="[1041,1231,1123,1149]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="157 - 164" refId="ref251676" refString="Tovornik, D. (1991) Data on ticks Ixodes frontalis (Panzer, 1798) and Ixodes arboricola Schulze et Schlottke, 1929 found on birds in Yugoslavia. Biologii Vestnik, 39, 157 - 164." type="journal article" year="1991">Tovornik (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFB4EFBC465A7CFE6" author="Manilla, G. & Iori, A." pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="37 - 45" refId="ref228574" refString="Manilla, G. & Iori, A. (1993) Chiave illustrata delle zecche d'Italia. II: Stadi ninfali delle specie della sottofamiglia Ixodinae (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Parassitologia, 35 (1 - 3), 37 - 45." type="journal article" year="1993">Manilla and Iori (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF61FB2064C5CFE6" author="Siuda, K." box="[241,390,1159,1185]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref246619" refString="Siuda, K. (1993) Ticks of Poland (Acari: Ixodidae) Part II. Systematic and distribution. Polish Parasitological Society, Warsaw, 380 pp. [in Polish]" type="book" year="1993">Siuda (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFE04FB2067DECFE6" author="Lundqvist, L. & Gray, J. S. & Hillyard, P. D." box="[404,669,1159,1185]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="215 - 216" refId="ref227712" refString="Lundqvist, L., Gray, J. S. & Hillyard, P. D. (1998) Ixodes frontalis on the Baltic island of Gotland, Sweden. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12, 215 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2915.1998.00101. x" type="journal article" year="1998">
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Lundqvist
|
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFD9EFB20670BCFE6" box="[526,584,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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(1998)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFD3BFB206680CFE6" author="Bona, M. & Stanko, M." box="[683,963,1159,1185]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="478 - 481" refId="ref188629" refString="Bona, M. & Stanko, M. (2013) First record of the tick Ixodes frontalis (Panzer, 1795) [sic] (Acari, Ixodidae) in Slovakia. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 4, 478 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2013.06.002" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="30F97652FFF4FFDFFD3BFB2067A5CFE6" box="[683,742,1159,1185]" name="Algeria" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Bona</collectingCountry>
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and Stanko (2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFC40FB2061FACFE6" author="Heylen, D. & De Coninck, E. & Jansen, F. & Madder, M." box="[976,1209,1159,1185]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="693 - 700" refId="ref207039" refString="Heylen, D., De Coninck, E., Jansen, F. & Madder, M. (2014) Differential diagnosis of three common Ixodes spp. ticks infesting songbirds of Western Europe: Ixodes arboricola, I. frontalis and I. ricinus. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 5, 693 - 700. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2014.05.006" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
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Heylen
|
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFBBAFB206127CFE6" box="[1066,1124,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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(2014)
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFB56FB206029CFE6" author="Slovak, M." box="[1222,1386,1159,1185]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="12 - 18" refId="ref246860" refString="Slovak, M. (2014) Pictorial key to the larvae and nymphs of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of the Slovakia fauna. Entomofauna Carpathica, 26, 12 - 18." type="journal article" year="2014">Slovák (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFAE7FB2064E3CF82" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref199181" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
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Estrada-Peña
|
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFE86FB0C640DCF82" box="[278,334,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FB686112CE4A" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FB6865F0CFAE" bold="true" box="[151,179,1231,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF2AFB68641DCFAD" author="Reznik, P. A." box="[186,350,1231,1258]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="276 - 286" refId="ref239623" refString="Reznik, P. A. (1961) Contribution to study of immature stages of the tick family Ixodidae. Communication six. Description of Ixodes frontalis Panz. larvae and nymphs and Ixodes redikorzevi Ol. larvae. Trudy Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Protivochumnogo Instituta Kavkaza i Zakavkaza, 5, 276 - 286. [in Russian, NAMRU- 3 translation 382]" type="journal article" year="1961">Reznik (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFEF9FB686740CFAD" author="Babos, S." box="[361,515,1231,1258]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref185196" refString="Babos, S. (1964) Die Zeckenfauna Mitteleuropas. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 410 pp." type="book" year="1964">Babos (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFD9FFB68664ECFAE" author="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W" box="[527,781,1231,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref234235" refString="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W (1972) Central-European ticks (Ixodoidea). Mittellungen der Abteilung fur Zoologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum, 1, 61 - 92." type="journal article" year="1972">Nosek and Sixl (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFC89FB68669BCFAE" author="Filippova, N. A." box="[793,984,1231,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref200597" refString="Filippova, N. A. (1977) Ixodid ticks (Ixodinae). In: Fauna USSR New Series, 4 (4), Nauka, Moscow, Leningrad, 396 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1977">Filippova (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFC74FB6861ADCFAE" author="Manilla, G. & Iori, A." box="[996,1262,1231,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="83 - 95" refId="ref228526" refString="Manilla, G. & Iori, A. (1992) Chiave illustrata delle zecche d'Italia. I: Stadi larvali delle specie della sottofamiglia Ixodinae (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Parassitologia, 34 (1 - 3), 83 - 95." type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8A2AF820FFF4FFDFFC74FB686178CFAE" box="[996,1083,1231,1257]" country="Philippines" name="Manila" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Manilla</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Iori (1992)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFB6AFB6865A7CE4A" author="Marquez, F. J. & Morel, P. C. & Guiguen, C. & Beaucournu, J. C." pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="325 - 330" refId="ref228718" refString="Marquez, F. J., Morel, P. C., Guiguen, C. & Beaucournu, J. C. (1992) Cle dichotomique des Ixodidae d'Europe. I - Les larves du genre Ixodes. Acarologia, 33, 325 - 330." type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
Márquez
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFAF4FB6860DECFAE" box="[1380,1437,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1992)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF60FB5464C0CE4A" author="Siuda, K." box="[240,387,1267,1293]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref246619" refString="Siuda, K. (1993) Ticks of Poland (Acari: Ixodidae) Part II. Systematic and distribution. Polish Parasitological Society, Warsaw, 380 pp. [in Polish]" type="book" year="1993">Siuda (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFE1FFB546730CE4A" author="Heylen, D. & De Coninck, E. & Jansen, F. & Madder, M." box="[399,627,1267,1293]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="693 - 700" refId="ref207039" refString="Heylen, D., De Coninck, E., Jansen, F. & Madder, M. (2014) Differential diagnosis of three common Ixodes spp. ticks infesting songbirds of Western Europe: Ixodes arboricola, I. frontalis and I. ricinus. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 5, 693 - 700. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2014.05.006" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Heylen
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFE77FB54675CCE4A" box="[487,543,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFDEFFB546662CE4A" author="Slovak, M." box="[639,801,1267,1293]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="12 - 18" refId="ref246860" refString="Slovak, M. (2014) Pictorial key to the larvae and nymphs of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of the Slovakia fauna. Entomofauna Carpathica, 26, 12 - 18." type="journal article" year="2014">Slovák (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFCBCFB546112CE4A" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." box="[812,1105,1267,1293]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref199181" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Estrada-Peña
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFC57FB5466BCCE4A" box="[967,1023,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="485136C2FFF4FFDFFF07FAB06188CD6A" blockId="29.[151,1437,510,1581]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF07FAB0659BCE76" bold="true" box="[151,216,1303,1329]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Note:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFF70FAB064DDCE76" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[224,414,1303,1329]" pageId="29" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFF70FAB064DDCE76" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[224,414,1303,1329]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="107 - 294" refId="ref233314" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1899) Revision de la famille des ixodides (3 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 12, 107 - 294." type="journal article" year="1899">Neumann (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
briefly described the larva and nymph (as well as the female) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFBEAFAB0606BCE76" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1146,1320,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFBEAFAB0606BCE76" box="[1146,1320,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but those descriptions are ignored in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFE5BFA9C67DACE12" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[459,665,1339,1365]" pageId="29" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFE5BFA9C67DACE12" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[459,665,1339,1365]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref233909" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1911 a) Ixodidae. Das Tierreich, 26, 1 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 22339" type="journal article" year="1911">Neumann (1911a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; therefore, it is doubtful that Neumann’s specimens were from
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFAF4FA9C643ACE3E" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
bona fide
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFF5AFAF8643ACE3E" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[202,377,1375,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">Ixodes frontalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and we have excluded descriptions in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFCAAFAF866B9CE3E" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[826,1018,1375,1401]" pageId="29" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFCAAFAF866B9CE3E" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[826,1018,1375,1401]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="107 - 294" refId="ref233314" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1899) Revision de la famille des ixodides (3 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 12, 107 - 294." type="journal article" year="1899">Neumann (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the above lists.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFB62FAF860DFCE3E" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[1266,1436,1374,1401]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="151 - 154" refId="ref182830" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1952 a) Ixodes frontalis Panzer, 1795. A review of the species. Parasitology, 42, 151 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000084390" type="journal article" year="1952">Arthur (1952a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that there are morphological differences among the descriptions of the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFBF4FA246051CEDA" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1124,1298,1411,1437]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFBF4FA246051CEDA" box="[1124,1298,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFAF4FA24640ECE86" author="Heylen, D. & Jacobs, I. & Matthysen, E. & Madder, M." pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="19 - 20" refId="ref206958" refString="Heylen, D., Jacobs, I., Matthysen, E. & Madder, M. (2012) Comments on article " First report of Ixodes frontalis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Finland, an example of foreign tick species transported by a migratory bird " (Memoranda Soc. Fauna Flora Fennica 85, 16 - 19. 2009). Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 88, 19 - 20." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Heylen
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFF51FA0065B9CE86" box="[193,250,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
warn about confusing the nymph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFD7FFA0066DDCE86" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[751,926,1447,1473]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFD7FFA0066DDCE86" box="[751,926,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with that of
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFBA1FA006194CE87" box="[1073,1239,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFBA1FA006190CE87" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1073,1235,1447,1473]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">Ixodes ricinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF4FFDFFB4EFA0060DFCE86" author="Filippova, N. A." box="[1246,1436,1447,1473]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref200597" refString="Filippova, N. A. (1977) Ixodid ticks (Ixodinae). In: Fauna USSR New Series, 4 (4), Nauka, Moscow, Leningrad, 396 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1977">Filippova (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed several redescriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFE7EFA6C67D8CEA2" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[494,667,1483,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFE7EFA6C67D8CEA2" box="[494,667,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by other authors under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFB9AFA6C6183CEA2" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[1034,1216,1483,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFB9AFA6C6183CEA2" box="[1034,1216,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes brunneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and there are some uncertain redescriptions under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFDCEFA48664FCD4E" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[606,780,1519,1545]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFDCEFA48664FCD4E" box="[606,780,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that are not included in the above lists. Redescriptions un-der the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFEBFF9B464EDCD6B" box="[303,430,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pari">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFEBFF9B464EDCD6B" box="[303,430,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes pari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF4FFDFFDCBF9B4664ACD6A" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[603,777,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF4FFDFFDCBF9B4664ACD6A" box="[603,777,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are also not included in the above lists.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |