207 lines
16 KiB
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207 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.732.21677" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05db50e8-b4e5-422a-b78f-9676d74ac319" ID-PMC="PMC5799741" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-732-1" ID-PubMed="29416404" ID-ZBK="9995702B61464BA1BB5323DC9BA9650F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-732-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 732" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the genus-group Hystricella R. T. Lowe, 1855 from Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago), with descriptions of new recent and fossil taxa (Gastropoda, Helicoidea, Geomitridae)" checkinTime="1516831538731" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mattia, Willy De, Neiber, Marco T. & Groh, Klaus" docDate="2018" docId="9BAA4691A99CC94AC15CDB8A3C4D8FAF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 732: 1-125" docOrigin="ZooKeys 732" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.732.21677" docTitle="Wollastonia jessicae subsp. monticola De Mattia, Neiber & Groh, ssp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="98F7562E-7017-4CAA-8DDA-91EA11C3DB54" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFA3FF812B32FFA8FFBAFFCDFF9AFF92" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus-group Hystricella R. T. Lowe, 1855 from Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago), with descriptions of new recent and fossil taxa (Gastropoda, Helicoidea, Geomitridae)" masterLastPageNumber="125" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1668165370779" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the genus-group Hystricella R. T. Lowe, 1855 from Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago), with descriptions of new recent and fossil taxa (Gastropoda, Helicoidea, Geomitridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mattia, Willy De</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Neiber, Marco T.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Groh, Klaus</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>732</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>125</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.732.21677</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.732.21677</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-732-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">9995702B61464BA1BB5323DC9BA9650F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9995702B61464BA1BB5323DC9BA9650F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="140417767" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:98F7562E-7017-4CAA-8DDA-91EA11C3DB54" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9BAA4691A99CC94AC15CDB8A3C4D8FAF" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/98F7562E-7017-4CAA-8DDA-91EA11C3DB54" authority="De Mattia, Neiber & Groh" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia jessicae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">Wollastonia jessicae monticola De Mattia, Neiber & Groh</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ssp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 159-161, 162-166, 167
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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NMWC Z.2016.013.00010, holotype, from loc. typ., leg. W. De Mattia & J. Macor, May 21 2015, NMWC Z.2016.013.00011/4 PT, SMF 348931/4 PT, NHMW 1121341/3 PT, CKG/3 PT, CMN/3 PT, CWDM/6 PT, from loc. typ., leg. W. De Mattia & J. Macor, May 21 2015; FW 11155/5 PT, CMN/5 PT, ZMH 131208/4 PT, 200 m SW of the Zimbreiro near the road turn serpentine,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.07111">33°04'16"N</geoCoordinate>
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/
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.314722">16°18'53"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 100 m, leg. F. Walther, Mar. 31 2017; FW 11157/>10 PT, ridge between Zimbreiro and the quarry,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.07028">33°04'13"N</geoCoordinate>
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/
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.31361">16°18'49"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 110 m, leg. F. Walther, Apr. 3 2017.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="locus typicus">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Locus typicus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Porto Santo, Zimbreiro, 200 m SW of the village, near the road turn serpentine,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.07111">33°04'16"N</geoCoordinate>
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/
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.314722">16°18'53"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 85 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Subspecies of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia jessicae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jessicae">Wollastonia jessicae</taxonomicName>
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with two keels on the body whorl, the lower distinct, the upper one very weakly developed to lacking; granulation relatively fine and scattered; internal walls of penis smooth, without pleats or prominent folds.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Named for the restriction of its habitat to the mountainous region (Lat. mons, montis = mountain(s) and -cola = inhabitor) of the island of Porto Santo.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Shell. Similar to the nominate subspecies, except for the ornamentation of the body whorl. In
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">W. jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n. the upper keel is missing and the lower keel is somewhat less strongly developed and less evident compared to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="jessicae">W. jessicae jessicae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (see Figs 159-161).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Figures 159-161. Shells of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia jessicae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">Wollastonia jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n 159 holotype, NMWC Z.2016.013.00010 160, 161 paratypes from the loc. typ. Scale bar 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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D 4.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.2 mm (range 4.2-4.9 mm); H 3.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.1 mm (range 2.8-3.6 mm); FW 2.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.1 mm (range 1.9-2.3 mm); PA 58,6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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6.1° (range 51.3-65.7°); DU 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04 mm (range 0.6-0.8 mm); NT 25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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14 (range 8-39); NW 5.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.3 (range 4.9-5.9) (n = 30). Ratio D/H 1.5; ratio FW/H 0.6.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="body">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Body.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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The overall body colouration (i.e. head, neck and sides) of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">W. jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n. tends to be somewhat darker than in the nominate subspecies.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="genital anatomy">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Genital anatomy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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The distal genitalia of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">W. jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n. are similar to those of the nominate subspecies, except for the inner ornamentation of the genital atrium and penis that is, contrary to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="jessicae">W. jessicae jessicae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., completely smooth, without any pleats or folds. Minor differences can also be found in the length of the
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<pageBreakToken pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">vaginal</pageBreakToken>
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digitiform glands that are, on average, longer in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">W. jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n. (see Figs 162-166).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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Figures 162-166. Genitalia and anatomy of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia jessicae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">Wollastonia jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n. Zimbreiro, 200 m SW of the village: 162, 163 whole genitalia excluding gonads 164 ornamentation of the inner walls of the distal penis, the distal vagina and the genital atrium 165 penial papilla and inner ornamentation of proximal penis 166 mantle border. Scale bars 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">W. jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n. lives in a sloping hollow, in a relative humid spot along a temporary creek. The new taxon has been found exclusively under small volcanic stones in shady places under small shrubs. Its ecology differs somewhat from all the other
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Hystricella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hystricella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Hystricella</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wollastonia</taxonomicName>
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species on Porto Santo, which are usually found under stones in open, dry grassland areas or on exposed rocky cliffs.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">W. jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. has been found syntopically with
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Callina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callina bulverii" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bulverii">Callina bulverii</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">W. jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n. is only known from the area in the vicinity of the locus typicus. Despite extensive field research in the area, the subspecies seems to occupy an area not larger than 100 m2 (see Fig. 167 for the distribution map).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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Figure 167. Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia jessicae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">Wollastonia jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Comparison and comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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The new taxon differs from the nominate subspecies
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. jessicae" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="jessicae">H. jessicae jessicae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. by the almost complete lack of the upper keel on the body whorl and by the smooth internal genital atrium and penis. There is also a significant distributional gap between the two conspecific taxa and the habitats and altitudinal ranges also differ. In the phylogenetic analyses,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="monticola">W. jessicae monticola</taxonomicName>
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ssp. n. represents the sister group of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="subSpecies" species="jessicae" subSpecies="jessicae">W. jessicae jessicae</taxonomicName>
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inside the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. jessicae" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="jessicae">W. jessicae</taxonomicName>
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s. lat. clade, but divergence is rather low which speaks for a relatively recent separation and may be taken as justification for the subspecific status of the two taxa.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="status and conservation">
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<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">Status</pageBreakToken>
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and conservation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">The subspecies has a very limited distribution area of less than 1 km2 (Fig. 167) close to a village and population size is probably rather low. Habitat quality is inferred to be declining and potential and ongoing threats to the species include, in our opinion, urbanization, tourism, goat grazing and quarrying. Therefore, the subspecies is considered here to be Critically Endangered (CR B1a, b(iii), 2a, b(iii)).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |