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<mods:title id="CE246F0D05105FC8791D16DD6C7E5260">Deep-sea (&gt; 1000 m) Goniasteridae (Valvatida; Asteroidea) from the North Pacific, including an overview of Sibogaster, Bathyceramaster n. gen. and three new species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="953787B9FF9FFFF85CF0FE028476FC20" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6055227" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124996929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6055227" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:953787B9FF9FFFF85CF0FE028476FC20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/953787B9FF9FFFF85CF0FE028476FC20" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
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<paragraph id="1D2136AFFF9FFFF85CF0FE028732FE16" blockId="16.[151,585,404,430]" box="[151,585,404,430]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
<heading id="466981C3FF9FFFF85CF0FE028732FE16" bold="true" box="[151,585,404,430]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="DA9E4D2CFF9FFFF85CF0FE028732FE16" ID-CoL="3LZ4B" authority="Fisher 1905" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,585,404,430]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85CF0FE028732FE16" bold="true" box="[151,585,404,430]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85CF0FE0284CBFE16" bold="true" box="[151,432,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Hippasteria californica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85DD0FE028732FE16" author="Fisher" box="[439,585,404,430]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1905) New starfishes from deep water off California and Alaska. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, 24, 291 - 320." type="journal article" year="1905">Fisher 1905</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D2136AFFF9FFFF85CF0FE4C80FBFDB7" blockId="16.[151,1437,474,527]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85CF0FE4C8468FE48" author="Fisher" box="[151,275,474,496]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1905) New starfishes from deep water off California and Alaska. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, 24, 291 - 320." type="journal article" year="1905">Fisher 1905</bibRefCitation>
: 310; 1911: 233;
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85DA0FE4D8708FE48" author="Clark" box="[455,627,474,496]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Clark, H. L. (1913) Echinoderms from Lower California, with descriptions of new species. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 32 (8), 185 - 236, 3 plates." type="book chapter" year="1913">H.L. Clark 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 194;
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85ED5FE4C864FFE48" author="Alton" box="[690,820,474,496]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Alton, M. (1966 a) Bathymetric distribution of sea stars (Asteroidea) off the Northern Oregon coast. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 23 (11), 1673 - 1714." type="journal article" year="1966" yearSuffix="a">Alton 1966a</bibRefCitation>
: 1702;
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85FE7FE4C815BFE48" author="Lambert" box="[896,1056,474,496]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Lambert, P. (1978 b) New geographic and bathymetric records for some northeast Pacific asteroids (Echinodermata; Asteroidea). Syesis, 11, 61 - 64." type="journal article" year="1978" yearSuffix="b">Lambert 1978b</bibRefCitation>
: 62;
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85835FE4C81B6FE48" author="Maluf" box="[1106,1229,474,496]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Maluf, Y. (1988) Composition and distribution of the central eastern Pacific echinoderms. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Technical Reports, 2, 242 pp." type="book" year="1988">Maluf 1988</bibRefCitation>
: 34, 118;
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85955FE4C8585FDB7" author="Mah" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Mah, C. L., Nizinski, M. &amp; Lundsten, L. (2010) Phylogenetic Revision of the Hippasterinae (Goniasteridae; Asteroidea): Systematics of Deep Sea Corallivores, including one new genus and three new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 160, 266 - 301, 11 figs." type="journal article" year="2010">
Mah
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF8590FFE4D80E6FE48" box="[1384,1437,474,496]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
: 285;
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85D5DFE6F876BFDB7" author="Clark" box="[314,528,505,527]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Clark R. N. &amp; Jewett SC. (2011) A new sea star of the genus Hippasteria (Asteroidea: Goniasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands. Zootaxa, 2963, 48 - 54." type="journal article" year="2011">Clark &amp; Jewett 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 53. (In key as
<taxonomicName id="DA9E4D2CFF9FFFF85ECEFE6C8642FDB7" box="[681,825,505,527]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="californica">H. californica</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85F2DFE6F816AFDB7" author="Imaoka" box="[842,1041,505,527]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Imaoka, T., Irimura, S., Okutani, T., Oguro, C., Oji, T. &amp; Kanazawa, K. (1991) Echinoderms from the continental shelf and slope around Japan. Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association. vol. II., 159 pp." type="book" year="1991">
Imaoka
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85FFBFE6C86B4FDB7" box="[924,975,505,527]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">et al.</emphasis>
, 1991
</bibRefCitation>
: 52 (as
<taxonomicName id="DA9E4D2CFF9FFFF85838FE6F8002FDB7" box="[1119,1401,505,527]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Cryptopeltaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="lepidonotus">Cryptopeltaster lepidonotus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="55846524FF9FFFF85CF0FDAA8476FC20" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1D2136AFFF9FFFF85CF0FDAA8713FD5C" blockId="16.[151,1436,572,920]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
<materialsCitation id="ADF63CF2FF9FFFF85CF0FDAA862DFD24" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316556632" country="Japan" county="Fisher" elevation="2373" location="Further" municipality="Alton" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85CF0FDAA8464FDED" bold="true" box="[151,287,572,597]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Comments.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DA9E4D2CFF9FFFF85D4BFDAB8742FDED" box="[300,569,572,597]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85D4BFDAB8742FDED" box="[300,569,572,597]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Hippasteria californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed by
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85F7EFDAA86CEFDEC" author="Fisher" box="[793,949,572,597]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. 1. Phanerozonia and Spinulosida. Bulletin of the US National Museum, 76: xiii + 420 pp. 122 pls." type="book" year="1911">
<collectingCounty id="F4404E23FF9FFFF85F7EFDAA8624FDED" box="[793,863,572,597]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Fisher</collectingCounty>
(1911)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85F90FDAA81E0FDED" author="Alton" box="[1015,1179,572,597]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Alton, M. (1966 a) Bathymetric distribution of sea stars (Asteroidea) off the Northern Oregon coast. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 23 (11), 1673 - 1714." type="journal article" year="1966" yearSuffix="a">
<collectingMunicipality id="FD45ACD5FF9FFFF85F90FDAA814CFDED" box="[1015,1079,572,597]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Alton</collectingMunicipality>
(1966a)
</bibRefCitation>
to occur in a deeper bathymetric range than
<taxonomicName id="DA9E4D2CFF9FFFF85DCFFDF7873BFDC0" box="[424,576,607,632]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="phrygiana">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85DCFFDF7873BFDC0" box="[424,576,607,632]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">H. phrygiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="DA9E4D2CFF9FFFF85E13FDF78795FDC0" box="[628,750,609,632]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85E13FDF78795FDC0" box="[628,750,609,632]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">H. spinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<location id="18416074FF9FFFF85F6EFDC98620FDC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:953787B9FF9FFFF85CF0FE028476FC20:18416074FF9FFFF85F6EFDC98620FDC0" box="[777,859,607,632]" country="Japan" county="Fisher" municipality="Alton" name="Further" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" stateProvince="Baja California">Further</location>
collections show this species as widely occurring from
<collectingCountry id="6589763FFF9FFFF85CBFFD138463FD24" box="[216,280,645,668]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Japan</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingRegion id="DF5AF84DFF9FFFF85D23FD12848EFD25" box="[324,501,644,669]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
Baja
<collectingRegion id="DF5AF84DFF9FFFF85DE4FD12848EFD25" box="[387,501,644,669]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">California</collectingRegion>
</collectingRegion>
in waters as deep as
<elevation id="96B3D19CFF9FFFF85E9EFD12862DFD24" box="[761,854,644,668]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.373" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" unit="m" value="2373.0">
<quantity id="DA669B4AFF9FFFF85E9EFD12862DFD24" box="[761,854,644,668]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.373" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" unit="m" value="2373.0">2373 m</quantity>
</elevation>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="ADF63CF2FF9FFFF85F03FD138713FD5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316556631" country="Japan" location="British Columbia" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="British Columbia">
<taxonomicName id="DA9E4D2CFF9FFFF85F03FD13810BFD25" box="[868,1136,644,669]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85F03FD13810BFD25" box="[868,1136,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Hippasteria californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in a much deeper bathymetric range relative to
<taxonomicName id="DA9E4D2CFF9FFFF85D87FD3F870DFD78" box="[480,630,679,704]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="phrygiana">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85D87FD3F870DFD78" box="[480,630,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">H. phrygiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Surprisingly, some shallow water members of this clade were recorded from
<collectingRegion id="DF5AF84DFF9FFFF85CB3FD5A84EEFD5D" box="[212,405,716,741]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
(Mah
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85D87FD5B8763FD5D" box="[480,536,716,741]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">et al.</emphasis>
2014).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D2136AFFF9FFFF85CA0FD79875CFC94" blockId="16.[151,1436,572,920]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
Molecular phylogeographic data shows this species as closely related to the widely occurring
<taxonomicName id="DA9E4D2CFF9FFFF85963FD6780E7FCB0" box="[1284,1436,751,776]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="phyrigana">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85963FD6780E7FCB0" box="[1284,1436,751,776]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">H. phyrigana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="790F4B5EFF9FFFF85CF9FC828420FC94" author="Foltz" box="[158,347,788,813]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" refString="Foltz, D., Fatland, S., Eleaume, M., Markello, K., Howell, K., Neil, K. &amp; Mah, C. L. (2013) Global population divergence of the sea star Hippasteria phrygiana corresponds to onset of the last glacial period of the Pleistocene. Marine Biology, 160 (5), 1285 - 1296." type="journal article" year="2013">
Foltz
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85C86FC838462FC95" box="[225,281,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
, Mah
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85DC7FC8384A3FC95" box="[416,472,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">et al.</emphasis>
2014).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D2136AFFF9FFFF85CA0FCA18476FC20" blockId="16.[151,1436,572,920]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">
<materialsCitation id="ADF63CF2FF9FFFF85CA0FCA18702FCE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316556634" box="[199,633,823,848]" location="California" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
<emphasis id="2FEAEABDFF9FFFF85CA0FCA18422FCE8" bold="true" box="[199,345,823,848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Occurrence.</emphasis>
Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="DF5AF84DFF9FFFF85DDFFCA18751FCE8" box="[440,554,823,848]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">California</collectingRegion>
(Baja)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="ADF63CF2FF9FFFF85EE3FCA18618FCE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316556613" box="[644,867,823,848]" location="Southern California" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Southern California">
<collectingRegion id="DF5AF84DFF9FFFF85EE3FCA18618FCE8" box="[644,867,823,848]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Southern California</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="ADF63CF2FF9FFFF85F09FCA18471FC20" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316556629" country="Japan" county="Washington" elevation="1242" location="Aleutian Islands" municipality="British Columbia" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hokkaido">
<collectingCounty id="F4404E23FF9FFFF85F09FCA18688FCE8" box="[878,1011,823,848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Washington</collectingCounty>
to
<collectingMunicipality id="FD45ACD5FF9FFFF85871FCA181A1FCE8" box="[1046,1242,823,848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">British Columbia</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="18416074FF9FFFF85881FCA180E7FCE8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:953787B9FF9FFFF85CF0FE028476FC20:18416074FF9FFFF85881FCA180E7FCE8" box="[1254,1436,823,848]" country="Japan" county="Washington" municipality="British Columbia" name="Aleutian Islands" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" stateProvince="Hokkaido">Aleutian Islands</location>
(Alaska) to
<location id="18416074FF9FFFF85D47FCCB849FFCCC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:953787B9FF9FFFF85CF0FE028476FC20:18416074FF9FFFF85D47FCCB849FFCCC" box="[288,484,860,884]" country="Japan" county="Washington" municipality="British Columbia" name="Patton Seamount" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" stateProvince="Hokkaido">Patton Seamount</location>
,
<location id="18416074FF9FFFF85D95FCCA87E5FCCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:953787B9FF9FFFF85CF0FE028476FC20:18416074FF9FFFF85D95FCCA87E5FCCD" box="[498,670,860,885]" country="Japan" county="Washington" municipality="British Columbia" name="Gulf of Alaska" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" stateProvince="Hokkaido">Gulf of Alaska</location>
and
<collectingRegion id="DF5AF84DFF9FFFF85EBEFCCA8631FCCD" box="[729,842,860,885]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="6589763FFF9FFFF85F3FFCCB86E3FCCC" box="[856,920,861,884]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="117">Japan</collectingCountry>
<elevation id="96B3D19CFF9FFFF85FC5FCCA8148FCCC" box="[930,1075,860,884]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2415" metricValueMax="2.373" metricValueMin="0.11" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" unit="m" value="1241.5" valueMax="2373.0" valueMin="110.0">
<quantity id="DA669B4AFF9FFFF85FC5FCCA8148FCCC" box="[930,1075,860,884]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2415" metricValueMax="2.373" metricValueMin="0.11" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" unit="m" value="1241.5" valueMax="2373.0" valueMin="110.0">1102373 m</quantity>
</elevation>
. As shallow as
<elevation id="96B3D19CFF9FFFF8588CFCCA805CFCCC" box="[1259,1319,860,884]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" unit="m" value="30.0">
<quantity id="DA669B4AFF9FFFF8588CFCCA805CFCCC" box="[1259,1319,860,884]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="117" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
</elevation>
in British Columbia
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>