196 lines
17 KiB
XML
196 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.9.4700" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182224660" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-9-37" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5B1DFF8B0C50FF9AFFC8FF9AC01EFF9F" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575505" ModsDocID="1314-4049-9-37" checkinTime="1451252964589" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hughes, Karen W. & Petersen, Ronald H." docDate="2015" docId="812A530089CB5237AE25BF42A5595114" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 9: 37-63" docOrigin="MycoKeys 9" docPubDate="2015-04-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.9.4700" docTitle="Gymnopus confluens subsp. campanulatus R. H. Petersen 2015, comb. et stat. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="5B1DFF8B0C50FF9AFFC8FF9AC01EFF9F" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="5B1DFF8B0C50FF9AFFC8FF9AC01EFF9F" masterDocTitle="Transatlantic disjunction in fleshy fungi III: Gymnopus confluens" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="37" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1643508278514" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Transatlantic disjunction in fleshy fungi III: Gymnopus confluens</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hughes, Karen W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 - 1100, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">khughes@utk.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Petersen, Ronald H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 - 1100, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2015-04-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>9</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>37</mods:start>
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<mods:end>63</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.9.4700</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.9.4700</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-9-37</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5B1DFF8B0C50FF9AFFC8FF9AC01EFF9F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">575505</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182224660" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:812A530089CB5237AE25BF42A5595114" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/812A530089CB5237AE25BF42A5595114" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName LSID="812A5300-89CB-5237-AE25-BF42A5595114" authority="(Peck) R. H. Petersen" authorityName="R. H. Petersen" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="R. H. Petersen" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus confluens subsp. campanulatus" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="subSpecies" species="confluens" status="comb. et stat. nov." subSpecies="campanulatus">Gymnopus confluens subsp. campanulatus (Peck) R.H. Petersen</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="17" pageNumber="54">comb. et stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="Hughes & Petersen" authorityYear="2015" class="Cryptophyceae" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Basionym" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Basionym" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cryptophyta" rank="genus" status="comb. et stat. nov.">Basionym</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hughes & Petersen" authorityYear="2015" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Collybia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Collybia confluens subsp. var. var. campanulatus" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="confluens" status="comb. et stat. nov." subSpecies="var." variety="campanulatus">Collybia confluens var. campanulatus</taxonomicName>
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Peck.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“1901”">"1901"</normalizedToken>
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(1902). Bull. N.Y. State Mus. 54: 963.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Holotype.</emphasis>
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United States, New York, Bolton, IX.1900, coll. C.H. Peck (NYS).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Epitype.</emphasis>
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CANADA, New Brunswick, Fundy Nat. Park, vic. Alma, Caribou Plains Trail,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="north" minutes="38.587" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="45.643116">45°38.587' N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="06.937" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-65.115616">65°06.937' W</geoCoordinate>
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, 25.IX.2013, coll Stephen Clayden, TFB14409 (TENN-F-69073)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="taxon diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Taxon diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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1) ITS nrDNA sequence significantly different from sequence of
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<taxonomicName authority="subsp. confluens" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Omphalotaceae" genus="Gymnopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gymnopus confluens subsp. confluens" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="subSpecies" species="confluens" subSpecies="confluens">Gymnopus confluens subsp. confluens</taxonomicName>
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; 2) basidiomata densely gregarious to subcespitose; 3) basidiomata apparently persistent beyond spore production and discharge; 4) stipe:pileus diameter ration from 2-5:1 (stipe significantly longer than pileus diameter); 5) pileus hygrophanous, brown where moist, pallid tan to pinkish buff where dry, drying to more uniform pallid color; 6) lamellae very crowded (total lamellae at pileus margin 110-140), shallow, seceding upon drying; 7) lamellar edge entire (smooth) to delicately fimbriate; 8) stipe grooved or compressed, stiff, with brown cortex (rind); 9) stipe vesture concolorous with pileus when moist and fresh, easily bleaching on drying to pallid gray shades; 10) basidiospores generally elongate-ellipsoid to sublacrymiform; 11) cheilocystidia stalked, usually lobed or strangulate, sometimes branched; 12) pileipellis hyphae smooth, firm-walled, with occasional to common side branches appearing digitate to long and branched. 13) Distribution in North America.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Gymnopus confluens subsp. campanulatus; taxon description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Pileus:</emphasis>
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Pileus 7-33 mm broad, thin (parchment-like and brittle when dry), often generally truncate-conical to shallowly convex with downturned margin when young becoming applanate to somewhat flaccid campanulate by maturity, occasionally with very shallow umbo or flattened over disc, minutely suede-like (not glabrous); disc "cinnamon buff" (6B4; dry), "sayal brown" (6C5) to "tawny olive" (5C5; moist); limb and margin "pinkish buff" (6A3) to "tilleul buff" (7B2) occasionally in hygrophanous zones; margin entire to somewhat lobate, sometimes subtly closely striate when dry.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Lamellae:</emphasis>
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Lamellae very crowded, free to adnexed but significantly seceding upon drying and leaving a pale, off-white ring around the stipe apex, with relatively numerous lamellulae, very shallow (1 mm or less deep), slightly thickish, "tilleul buff" (7B2), "light buff" (3A2) to "deep olive buff" (3C3); lamellar edge never totally smooth, minutely fimbriate to minutely serrulate and usually paler than lamellar face.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Stipe:</emphasis>
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Stipe of mature basidiomata 35-80(-95) mm long, 2.5-4 mm broad, stiff, equal except for slightly expanded base and slightly flaring apex, consistently grooved or fluted (but not compressed), stuffed to profoundly hollow; cortex (rind) tough, russet to mahogany ("Mars brown" 8F7, "tawny olive" 5C5), glassy; medulla (interior), lightly stuffed, nearly hollow, grayish cream colored, loose; vesture more or less uniform over
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="55" start="start">entire</pageBreakToken>
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stipe length, consistently "tilleul buff" (7B2) to "pale olive buff" (3B2) when dry, detersile when fresh, easily disarticulated by handling when dry into minute chaff. Vesture of luxuriant form (New Brunswick, TFB 14409) delicately pruinose, apically concolorous with gills, soon "sayal brown"(6C5) to "Verona brown" (6E5).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Odor</emphasis>
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none to faintly fresh;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">taste</emphasis>
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negligible to mild, perhaps weakly acidic, NOT acrid.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" type="habitat and phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Habitat and phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="55">
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on duff under
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Quercus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and other hardwoods including
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Aceraceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer" order="Sapindales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Acer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(TENN 63806); gregarious on leaf litter under
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Fagus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(TENN 47030) and occasionally
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="55" phylum="Coniferophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Pinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; hardwood duff (TENN 48376).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Pileipellis</emphasis>
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a thin layer of generally radially oriented hyphae; hyphae 4-11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam, firm-walled, smooth (unornamented) to hardly ornamented (minute grit with suggestion of stripes or rings), conspicuously clamped, with infrequent, erect, side branches, ->75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long, 1.5-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam, simple to branched similar to cheilocystidial apices, arising from clamp connection or between clamps, often terminating in gradually tapering (2-4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam at terminus) hyphal tips; contents heterogeneous, from amorphous sludge to coarsely spotted (PhC).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Pileus and lamellar trama hyphae</emphasis>
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3-9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam, thin- to firm-walled, with occasional cheilocystidioid branches which seem to arise from clamp connections, conspicuously clamped, essentially free-form (TENN 53522), often anastomosing in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“H”">"H"</normalizedToken>
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connections, when squashed often liberating minute debris in a subsoluble mucoid substance. Basidioles 22-25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5-7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, narrowly fusoid to torpedo-shaped, arising from a clamp.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Basidia</emphasis>
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21-30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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7-9(-10)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, clavate to broadly clavate, seldom bulbo-clavate, obscurely clamped, 4-sterigmate, arising from an obscure clamp; contents more or less homogeneous.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Basidiospores</emphasis>
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(6-)6.5-9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(2.5-)3-3.5(-4)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(Q = 2.00-3.20; Qm = 2.59; Lm = 7.40
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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), elongate ellipsoid, somewhat flattened adaxially to slightly sway-back, thin-walled, smooth; contents homogeneous. In TFB 14409 (NB), spores plump ellipsoid to plump pip-shaped; contents 1-several guttulate. TFB 14389 (NB) produced somewhat smaller basidiospores [6-7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(2.5-)3-3.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(Q = 2.00-2.33(-2.80); Qm 2.16]. Lamellar edge entire to minutely fimbriate or minutely serrulate with cheilocystidia (64X), under magnification, lamellar edge fertile, with cheilocystidia locally abundant to sparsely scattered amongst fertile basidia;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">cheilocystidia</emphasis>
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typically (23-)34-77
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.5-4(-15)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, hyphal, often 2-celled (with internal clamp), simple and substrangulate to usually branched with apical or subapical lobes or coralloid, contorted branches. Usually an accumulation of subsoluble mucoid material (with granular inclusions and embedded spores) surrounding cheilocystidial apices, perhaps exuded by the cheilocystidia themselves; cheilocystidia occasionally ramifying into slender (~1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam), branched, arbuscular hyphal tips seemingly embedded in the mucoid matrix. Stipe surface hyphae 3.5-9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam, strictly longitudinal and tightly parallel, occasionally but conspicuously clamped, often irregularly beset with small side lobes and short branchlets, sometimes arising from a clamp with a very thin mucoid sheath (with abundant embedded granular or globular material).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="55">Stipe vesture</emphasis>
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juxtaposed to stipe surface a thick, tightly interwoven thatch of thick-walled (wall -0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick), very frequently branched, abundantly clamped hyphae 3.5-4.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam from which vesture columns and/or spikes arise; columns or spikes -100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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tall, do not appear coherent, nor do
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="56" start="start">they</pageBreakToken>
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seem gathered from neighboring hyphae, but seem to arise in groups to form columns;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="56">caulocystidial hyphae</emphasis>
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-150
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3.5-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, thick-walled (wall -0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick) at origin, soon branched (at a clamp) to produce two individuals, often with an additional internal clamp and further unbranched, firm-walled, conspicuously clamped, replete with numerous small lobes or branches, terminating in a bluntly rounded apex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |