2071 lines
162 KiB
XML
2071 lines
162 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442" ID-PMC="PMC5624216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-83-119" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B123F1703F21FF8DA547FFD9CB48FFD3" ID-PubMed="29033653" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138091" ModsDocID="1314-2003-83-119" checkinTime="1502744989569" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wood, Kenneth R., Appelhans, Marc S. & Wagner, Warren L." docDate="2017" docId="51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 83: 119-132" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 83" docPubDate="2017-08-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442" docTitle="Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="B123F1703F21FF8DA547FFD9CB48FFD3" lastPageNumber="120" masterDocId="B123F1703F21FF8DA547FFD9CB48FFD3" masterDocTitle="Melicope stonei, section Pelea (Rutaceae), a new species from Kaua'i, Hawaiian Islands: with notes on its distribution, ecology, conservation status, and phylogenetic placement" masterLastPageNumber="132" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="119" updateTime="1668142015695" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Melicope stonei, section Pelea (Rutaceae), a new species from Kaua'i, Hawaiian Islands: with notes on its distribution, ecology, conservation status, and phylogenetic placement</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Wood, Kenneth R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">kwood@ntbg.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Appelhans, Marc S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Untere Karspuele 2, 37073 Goettingen, Germany & Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2017-08-03</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>83</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>119</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>132</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-83-119</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B123F1703F21FF8DA547FFD9CB48FFD3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1138091</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225890" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="51055BF9-257F-511B-B24C-A85556485EF7" authority="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei" status="sp. nov.">Melicope stonei K.R.Wood, Appelhans & W.L.Wagner</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="119">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner. A Flowering branch B Adaxial leaf surface near margin toward apex C Abaxial leaf surface near margin toward apex D Ramiflorous inflorescence arising below leaves on stem E Female flower, lateral view F Immature fruit and flowers G Dehisced fruit, showing seeds. A-C from Wagner & Wood 6891 (US) D from Wood 8431 (US) E from Wood 15101 (PTBG) F from Wood & Lee 16729 (photo) G from Lorence et al. 6454 (photo) (Illustration by Alice Tangerini)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148218" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner. A Male flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show antisepalous and antipetalous stamens B Male flower, top view C Female flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show staminodes and pistil D Female flower, top view E-F abaxial leaf surface along midvein of M. stonei showing variability of leaf vestiture G Melicope barbigera A. Gray abaxial leaf surface along midvein A-D from Wood 15101 (PTBG) E from Wagner & Wood 6891 (US) F from Wood 8432 (US) G from Wagner & Wood 6896 (US) (Illustration by Alice Tangerini)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148219" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">, 2A-F</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
Differs from Hawaiian congeners by its combination of distinct carpels and ramiflorous inflorescence; plants monoecious; leaf blades (5-)8-30
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(4-)6-11 cm, with abaxial surface tomentose, especially along midribs; and very long petioles of up to 9 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-01-24" collectorName="K. R. Wood, Kahekili Lee" country="United States of America" county="Makaha Valley" elevation="997" latitude="22.117174" location="Hawaiian Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-159.67932" municipality="Waimea District" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">United States of America</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:1D772F9E46C67C514169E9E60F9A1250" country="United States of America" county="Makaha Valley" latitude="22.117174" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-159.67932" municipality="Waimea District" name="Hawaiian Islands">Hawaiian Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:4913516E06CB61C48DA6DD7F576D0382" country="United States of America" county="Makaha Valley" latitude="22.117174" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-159.67932" municipality="Waimea District" name="Kaua'i">Kaua'i</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Waimea District</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mākaha">Makaha</normalizedToken>
|
||
Valley
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Metrosideros-Acacia" lsidName="Metrosideros-Acacia" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Metrosideros-Acacia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
montane mesic forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="1.8258" value="22.117174">22°7'1.8258"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="159" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="45.534" value="-159.67932">159°40'45.534"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-01-24">24 Jan 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Kahekili Lee</collectorName>
|
||
16727
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: PTBG-073080!; isotypes: BISH!, K!, MO!, NY!, UC!,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="994311" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148218" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
K.R. Wood, Appelhans & W.L. Wagner.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">A</emphasis>
|
||
Flowering branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">B</emphasis>
|
||
Adaxial leaf surface near margin toward apex
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">C</emphasis>
|
||
Abaxial leaf surface near margin toward apex
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">D</emphasis>
|
||
Ramiflorous inflorescence arising below leaves on stem
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">E</emphasis>
|
||
Female flower, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">F</emphasis>
|
||
Immature fruit and flowers
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">G</emphasis>
|
||
Dehisced fruit, showing seeds.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Wagner & Wood 6891</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">D</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Wood 8431</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">E</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Wood 15101</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">F</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Wood & Lee 16729</emphasis>
|
||
(photo)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">G</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Lorence et al. 6454</emphasis>
|
||
(photo) (Illustration by Alice Tangerini).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Trees</emphasis>
|
||
(3-)5-12 m tall, trunks up to 25 cm diameter, bark smooth, mottled gray to light brown, new growth and young branchlets tomentose, yellow-tan, glabrate in age.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
opposite, unifoliolate, coriaceous, the blade ovate, oblong-ovate, oblong-elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, (5-)8-30
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(4-)6-11 cm, margin entire, base rounded, apex obtuse to acute, occasionally rounded, secondary veins 7-15 pairs, connected by an arched vein 5-20 mm from margin, higher order venation reticulate, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface densely tomentose, yellow-tan, rarely glabrate, with midrib and secondary veins densely tomentose, interspersed villous, the midrib sometimes also long-villous or woolly along the sides; petiole shallowly canaliculate, (2.5-)3.5-9.0 cm long, puberulent to tomentose.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
in axillary and ramiflorous, fasciculate cymes to 22 mm long, peduncles 1-5(-10) mm long, short-villous, pedicles 1-4 mm, short-villous, bracteoles deltoid-ovate, 1-2 mm long, densely short-villous.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
male or female, plants monoecious, 3-5(-7), sepals deltoid-ovate, naviculate, 2.5-3.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.5-2.0 mm, densely short-villous externally, glabrous internally, tip acute, persistent in fruit; petals whitish green, ovate, tip acute, slightly thickened and hooked inward, 3.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.5 mm, densely short-villous externally, glabrous internally; stamens 8, filaments glabrous, papillose on distal half, antisepalous ones ca. 4 mm long in male flowers (1.5 mm in female flowers), antipetalous ones 3 mm long (1.5 mm in female flowers), anthers ca. 1 mm long, all with pollen in male flowers, (0.6-0.7 mm long in female, apparently sterile); nectary disk glabrous; ovary glabrous; gynoecium 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2 mm, style including stigma 1 mm long in male flowers (1.5 mm in female), glabrous, stigmas capitate, 4-lobed, papillose, 0.5 mm wide.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Capsules</emphasis>
|
||
medium to dark green when fresh, irregularly pusticulate, 5-9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
15-21 mm, of 4 distinct follicles, slightly ascending, occasionally 1 or more abortive, exocarp glabrous, glandular punctate, endocarp glabrous.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
1-2 per carpel, ovoid, 6-8 mm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been observed with flower buds in January, May, and September, and with both flower and fruit during January, February, and July.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
We are pleased to name
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in honor of Benjamin Clemens Masterman Stone, British-American botanist, born in Shanghai, China in1933 and passed in 1994 while working at the Philippine National Museum on the Flora of the Philippines Project. He contributed over 300 publications to science during his career, including taxonomic monographs of Hawaiian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Pelea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pelea" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Pelea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stone, BC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Arnold Arboretum" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" refId="B13" refString="Stone, BC, 1969. The Genus Pelea A. Gray (Rutaceae: Evodineae) A Taxonomic Monograph (Studies in the Hawaiian Rutaceae, 10) Phanerogamarum Monographiae Tomus III Verlag Von J. Cramer." title="The Genus Pelea A. Gray (Rutaceae: Evodineae) A Taxonomic Monograph (Studies in the Hawaiian Rutaceae, 10) Phanerogamarum Monographiae Tomus III Verlag Von J. Cramer." year="1969">Stone 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Platydesma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Platydesma" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Platydesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stone, BC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Arnold Arboretum" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" pagination="410 - 427" refId="B12" refString="Stone, BC, 1962. A monograph of the genus Platydesma (Rutaceae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 43: 410 - 427" title="A monograph of the genus Platydesma (Rutaceae)." volume="43" year="1962">Stone 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). For all his contributions, especially his keen insights into Hawaiian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we gratefully extend him due recognition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1988-02-07" collectingDateMax="2016-02-18" collectingDateMin="1988-02-07" collectorName="K. R. Wood, S. Perlman, S. Walsh, M. Query, C. Trauernicht, N. Tangalin, A. Williams, M. LeGrande, R. Aguraiuja, D. Lorence, G. Lorence, E. Crum, T. Flynn, Smith, Decker, W. Wagner, T. Bierly, K. Lee, M. Kirkpatrick, W. Kishida" country="United States" county="Waimea District" elevation="1027" location="central Nu'ololo" municipality="Ku'ia" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands, Kaua'i">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion>
|
||
Hawaiian Islands,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty>Waimea District</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ku‘ia">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ku'ia</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
, upper headwater gulch,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.027" unit="m" value="1027.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.027" unit="m" value="1027.0">1027 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2015-09-03">03 Sep 2015</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Walsh</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Query</collectorName>
|
||
16579
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Miloli‘i">Miloli'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
ridge road, Mahanaloa,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.33" unit="m" value="933.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.33" unit="m" value="933.0">933 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2008-11-06">06 Nov 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>C. Trauernicht</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>N. Tangalin</collectorName>
|
||
617
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG); Mahanaloa,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.055" unit="m" value="1055.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.055" unit="m" value="1055.0">1055 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2015-10-21">21 Oct 2015</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>S. Walsh</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>A. Williams</collectorName>
|
||
136
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pa‘aiki-Mahanaloa">Pa'aiki-Mahanaloa</normalizedToken>
|
||
flats,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.036" unit="m" value="1036.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.036" unit="m" value="1036.0">1036 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2001-10-07">07 Oct 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
9128
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pa‘aiki-Mahanaloa">Pa'aiki-Mahanaloa</normalizedToken>
|
||
flats,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.91" unit="m" value="991.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.91" unit="m" value="991.0">991 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2001-03-04">04 Mar 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>M. LeGrande</collectorName>
|
||
8879
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pa‘aiki-Mahanaloa">Pa'aiki-Mahanaloa</normalizedToken>
|
||
flats,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1994-12-14">14 Dec 1994</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
3840
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pa‘aiki-Mahanaloa">Pa'aiki-Mahanaloa</normalizedToken>
|
||
flats,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1999-02-24">24 Feb 1999</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
7696
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pa‘aiki-Mahanaloa">Pa'aiki-Mahanaloa</normalizedToken>
|
||
flats,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1999-02-24">24 Feb 1999</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>R. Aguraiuja</collectorName>
|
||
7697
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, CANB, MO, NY, PTBG, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pa‘aiki-Mahanaloa">Pa'aiki-Mahanaloa</normalizedToken>
|
||
flats,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" unit="m" value="1015.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" unit="m" value="1015.0">1015 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-05-06">06 May 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
8432
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, NY, PTBG, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pa‘aiki-Mahanaloa">Pa'aiki-Mahanaloa</normalizedToken>
|
||
flats,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" unit="m" value="1015.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" unit="m" value="1015.0">1015 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-05-06">06 May 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
8433
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mākaha">Makaha</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ridge Road, down.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.879999999999999" unit="m" value="988.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.879999999999999" unit="m" value="988.0">988 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev., north side of road, just inside forest,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="970.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="970.0">970 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1988-02-07">7 Feb 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>D. Lorence</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>G. Lorence</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>E. Crum</collectorName>
|
||
5779
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="970.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="970.0">970 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1989-01-02">2 Jan 1989</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>D. Lorence</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>T. Flynn</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Smith</collectorName>
|
||
6316
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="970.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="970.0">970 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1989-03-01">1 Mar 1989</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>T. Flynn</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Decker</collectorName>
|
||
3280
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, BISH, F, MO, MU, PTBG, US); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="970.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="970.0">970 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1990-05-31">31 May 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>D. Lorence</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 6449
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" unit="m" value="920.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" unit="m" value="920.0">920 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-02-25">25 Feb 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>W. Wagner</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
6891
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG); south side of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mākaha">Makaha</normalizedToken>
|
||
road,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.879999999999999" unit="m" value="988.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.879999999999999" unit="m" value="988.0">988 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-05-06">06 May 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
8430
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.879999999999999" unit="m" value="988.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.879999999999999" unit="m" value="988.0">988 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-05-06">06 May 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
8431
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG, US); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.91" unit="m" value="991.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.91" unit="m" value="991.0">991 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2012-07-21">21 Jul 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>T. Bierly</collectorName>
|
||
15104.02
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-01-24">24 Jan 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>K. Lee</collectorName>
|
||
16726
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, PTBG); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-01-24">24 Jan 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>K. Lee</collectorName>
|
||
16727
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-01">Jan 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>R. Aguraiuja</collectorName>
|
||
16729
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, PTBG, US); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>K. Lee</collectorName>
|
||
16728
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, K, MO, NY, PTBG, UC, US); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-01-28">28 Jan 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>R. Aguraiuja</collectorName>
|
||
16730
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG, US); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-01-28">28 Jan 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>R. Aguraiuja</collectorName>
|
||
16731
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, PTBG, US); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-01-28">28 Jan 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>R. Aguraiuja</collectorName>
|
||
16732
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, PTBG, UC, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mākaha">Makaha</normalizedToken>
|
||
, forests around dividing ridge between upper north and south fork,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.037" unit="m" value="1037.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.037" unit="m" value="1037.0">1037 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-02-18">18 Feb 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
16741
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, north facing slopes above northern branch,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.097" unit="m" value="1097.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.097" unit="m" value="1097.0">1097 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2012-07-18">18 Jul 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Query</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>M. Kirkpatrick</collectorName>
|
||
15101
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, K, MBK, MO, NY, P, PTBG, UC, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, north of trail, headwaters of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:85F270A0630BEE6BE86B6FF63C2E767D" country="United States" county="Waimea District" municipality="Ku'ia" name="central Nu'ololo" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands, Kaua'i">
|
||
central
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
</location>
|
||
stream,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.061" unit="m" value="1061.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.061" unit="m" value="1061.0">1061 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2012-10-03">3 Oct 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Kirkpatrick</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>M. Query</collectorName>
|
||
15267
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, PTBG, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.052" unit="m" value="1052.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.052" unit="m" value="1052.0">1052 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2013-01-02">02 Jan 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>M. Kirkpatrick</collectorName>
|
||
15319
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.049" unit="m" value="1049.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.049" unit="m" value="1049.0">1049 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2013-01-02">02 Jan 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>M. Kirkpatrick</collectorName>
|
||
15320
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BISH, NY, PTBG, UC, US);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.085" unit="m" value="1085.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.085" unit="m" value="1085.0">1085 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Kirkpatrick</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
15560
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.027" unit="m" value="1027.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.027" unit="m" value="1027.0">1027 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2013-07">Jul 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Kirkpatrick</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
15562
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.052" unit="m" value="1052.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.052" unit="m" value="1052.0">1052 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2013-09-12">12 Sep 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>W. Kishida</collectorName>
|
||
15667
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.036" unit="m" value="1036.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.036" unit="m" value="1036.0">1036 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2013-09-12">12 Sep 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>W. Kishida</collectorName>
|
||
15668
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.061" unit="m" value="1061.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.061" unit="m" value="1061.0">1061 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2013-09-28">28 Sep 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>M. Query</collectorName>
|
||
15671
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.073" unit="m" value="1073.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.073" unit="m" value="1073.0">1073 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2014-07-22">22 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Kirkpatrick</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>R. Aguraiuja</collectorName>
|
||
16001
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG); loc. cit.,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.073" unit="m" value="1073.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.073" unit="m" value="1073.0">1073 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2014-07-22">22 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<collectorName>K. R. Wood</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M. Kirkpatrick</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Perlman</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>R. Aguraiuja</collectorName>
|
||
16002
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Distribution, ecology, and threats.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is endemic to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
, oldest of the high Hawaiian Islands at 5.1 million years, with an area of ca.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" unit="km" value="1430.0">1430 km</quantity>
|
||
2 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150252899770" author="Sakai, AK" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" pagination="276 - 302" refId="B10" refString="Sakai, AK, Wagner, WL, Mehrhoff, LA, 2002. Patterns of endangerment in the Hawaiian flora. Systematic Biology 51: 276 - 302, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150252899770" title="Patterns of endangerment in the Hawaiian flora." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150252899770" volume="51" year="2002">Sakai et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and maximum elevation of
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.598" unit="m" value="1598.0">1598 m</quantity>
|
||
at the summit of Kawaikini. Floristically,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
has the phenomenal distinction of having the highest level of plant diversity of all the Hawaiian Islands, which includes 249 single island endemic (SIE) taxa, 232 of which are flowering plants, and the remaining 17 being unique fern taxa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Palmer, DD" journalOrPublisher="Westermann & Co., New York" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" refId="B8" refString="Palmer, DD, 2003. Hawai'i's ferns and fern allies. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu." title="Hawai'i's ferns and fern allies. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu." year="2003">Palmer 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, WL" journalOrPublisher="American Fern Journal" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" publicationUrl="http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflora" refId="B16" refString="Wagner, WL, Herbst, DR, Khan, N, Flynn, T, 2012. Hawaiian vascular plant updates: a supplement to the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i and Hawai'i's Ferns and Fern Allies, version 1.3. http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflora" title="Hawaiian vascular plant updates: a supplement to the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i and Hawai'i's Ferns and Fern Allies, version 1.3." url="http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflora" year="2012">Wagner et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-103.2.59" author="Vernon, AL" journalOrPublisher="American Fern Journal" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" pagination="59 - 111" refId="B14" refString="Vernon, AL, Ranker, TA, 2013. Current status of the ferns and lycophytes of the Hawaiian Islands. American Fern Journal 103: 59 - 111, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-103.2.59" title="Current status of the ferns and lycophytes of the Hawaiian Islands." url="https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-103.2.59" volume="103" year="2013">Vernon and Ranker 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12213" author="Ranker, TA" journalOrPublisher="Westermann & Co., New York" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" refId="B9" refString="Ranker, TA, 2016. What do we know about Hawaiian ferns and lycophytes? Journal of Systematics and Evolution 54: 626-637. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12213" title="What do we know about Hawaiian ferns and lycophytes? Journal of Systematics and Evolution 54: 626 - 637." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12213" year="2016">Ranker 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6406" author="Wood, KR" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" pagination="21 - 32" refId="B18" refString="Wood, KR, Lorence, DH, Kiehn, M, 2016b. Coprosma kawaikiniensis (Rubiaceae) a new species from the Dubautia-Sadleria shrubland-fernland community on Kaua'i, Hawaiian Islands. PhytoKeys 60: 21 - 32, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6406" title="Coprosma kawaikiniensis (Rubiaceae) a new species from the Dubautia-Sadleria shrubland-fernland community on Kaua'i, Hawaiian Islands." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6406" volume="60" year="2016 b">Wood et al. 2016b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" collectorName="A. Gray, Kaua'i, State Park, Pa'aiki, Mahanaloa, Nu'ololo. In, Hillebr., Jacq., O. Deg., I. Deg., L. A. S. Johnson, Pierre, H. Mann, Lowry, G. M. Plunkett, Wawra, Cham., Schltdl., Fosberg, Hook., Arn., Nied., Seem." county="This" elevation="1043" location="Earliest" municipality="Rich forest" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:2182E64C5CE10BCD63BA497C57F59600" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Earliest">Earliest</location>
|
||
known collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were made by
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:83CF3734895BAD15C9FC597B8C68F0F8" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="David Lorence">David Lorence</location>
|
||
and
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:88D89D55335E8DB7E508C607DC334D6A" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Timothy Flynn">Timothy Flynn</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:F947CD1005B31E22C3D72CAC62BFB363" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="National Tropical Botanical Garden">National Tropical Botanical Garden</location>
|
||
) as far back as
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:5D4780D865D734003068C9F58700C51B" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="February">February</location>
|
||
of 1988 within the forests of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:9D516BE76706CA4CF524D7E320184748" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Makaha Valley">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mākaha">Makaha</normalizedToken>
|
||
Valley
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Over the past 29 years, 94 trees have been mapped by local botanists, with colonies extending into several valleys to the north of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mākaha">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:AE7FAD7C222069963330440BA438AE78" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Makaha">Makaha</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
, namely
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ku‘ia">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:9B3DA79619B6BB81F7B786EDFB110C26" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Ku'ia">Ku'ia</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Miloli‘i">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:A5A3B38E37B455D72E7D3187978B9391" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Miloli'i">Miloli'i</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:F4CB6E0760743ACCC85CB9398E90338F" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Mahanaloa">Mahanaloa</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:3AFE3B028D30E5576C67256F7B1E6FC1" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Nu'ololo">Nu'ololo</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
, and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pa‘aiki">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:067C322ADE28F9A352D685BE21F8B903" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Pa'aiki">Pa'aiki</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:FB39DA991AE7DB06F9058252F19801F0" county="This" municipality="Rich forest" name="Figure">Figure</location>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Map of Kaua'i, Hawaiian Islands, with polygon indicating distribution of Melicope stonei in the Kōke'e forests." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148220" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a very narrow elevational range of
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0425" metricValueMax="1.097" metricValueMin="0.9879999999999999" unit="m" value="1042.5" valueMax="1097.0" valueMin="988.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0425" metricValueMax="1.097" metricValueMin="0.9879999999999999" unit="m" value="1042.5" valueMax="1097.0" valueMin="988.0">988 to 1097 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
and a precariously small extent of occurrence of
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="1.5">1.5 km</quantity>
|
||
2.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Rich forest</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
habitats still flourish in adjacent lower and higher elevational regions, yet it is evident that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
prefers very tall (
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15-20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
) old growth
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros polymorpha" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Metrosideros polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gaudich. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
)-
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Gray" authorityYear="1854" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia koa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Acacia koa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectorName>A. Gray</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) mixed mesic forest with the occasional co-dominant
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Alphitonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alphitonia ponderosa" order="Rhamnales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ponderosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Alphitonia ponderosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hillebr. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rhamnaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rhamnales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Rhamnaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCounty>This</collectingCounty>
|
||
plant community
|
||
<typeStatus>type</typeStatus>
|
||
only occurs on
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">
|
||
<collectorName>Kaua'i</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
and is exceedingly limited with some of the finest examples occurring around the forested flats of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kōke‘e">Kōke'e</normalizedToken>
|
||
<collectorName>State Park</collectorName>
|
||
above
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pa‘aiki">
|
||
<collectorName>Pa'aiki</collectorName>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Mahanaloa</collectorName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
. In
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
these forests,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reaches heights of
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10-12 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
and is associated with a wide diversity of other tall understory trees such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Gray" authorityYear="1860" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Bobea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bobea brevipes" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Bobea brevipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectorName>A. Gray</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hillebr" authorityYear="1888" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cryptocarya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cryptocarya mannii" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mannii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Cryptocarya mannii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectorName>Hillebr.</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Dodonaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dodonaea viscosa" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Dodonaea viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectorName>Jacq.</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kadua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kadua affinis" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Kadua affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
DC. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope barbigera" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbigera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope barbigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectorName>A. Gray</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hillebr" authorityYear="1888" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Myrsine lanaiensis" order="Primulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lanaiensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Myrsine lanaiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectorName>Hillebr.</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Primulaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Primulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Primulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="O. Degener, I. Degener & L. A. S. Johnson" authorityYear="1958" baseAuthorityName="A. Gray" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Oleaceae" genus="Nestegis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nestegis sandwicensis" order="Oleales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Nestegis sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>A. Gray</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectorName>O. Deg.</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>I. Deg.</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>L.A.S. Johnson</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1838" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Oleaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Oleales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Planchonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Planchonella sandwicensis" order="Ebenales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Planchonella sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>A. Gray</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectorName>Pierre</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Sapotaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ebenales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lowry & G. M. Plunkett" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="H. Mann" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Araliaceae" genus="Polyscias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyscias kavaiensis" order="Umbelliflorae" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kavaiensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Polyscias kavaiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>H. Mann</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectorName>Lowry</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>G.M. Plunkett</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. waimeae" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="waimeae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">P. waimeae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>Wawra</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectorName>Lowry</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>G.M. Plunkett</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Apiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Araliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psychotria mariniana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mariniana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Psychotria mariniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>Cham.</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Schltdl.</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectorName>Fosberg</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Gray" authorityYear="1859" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" genus="Santalum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Santalum pyrularium" order="Santalales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pyrularium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Santalum pyrularium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectorName>Hook.</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Arn.</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Santalales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Santalaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Syzygium sandwicensis" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Syzygium sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>A. Gray</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectorName>Nied.</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Salicaceae" genus="Xylosma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylosma hawaiiense" order="Salicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="hawaiiense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Xylosma hawaiiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectorName>Seem.</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Salicaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Salicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Mann" authorityYear="1866" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zanthoxylum dipetalum" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dipetalum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Zanthoxylum dipetalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectorName>H. Mann</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
Interspersed below this
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="community’s">community's</normalizedToken>
|
||
canopy are rich assemblages of medium statured trees that include
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Antidesma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Antidesma platyphylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="platyphylla">Antidesma platyphylla</taxonomicName>
|
||
H. Mann var.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Antidesma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. hillebrandii" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="variety" species="platyphylla" variety="hillebrandii">hillebrandii</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pax & Hoffm. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Phyllanthaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Chrysodracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chrysodracon aurea" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="species" species="aurea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Chrysodracon aurea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(H. Mann) P.-L. Lu & Morden (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Asparagaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="family">Asparagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Claoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Claoxylon sandwicense" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Claoxylon sandwicense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Arg. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Gray" authorityYear="1860" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coprosma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coprosma foliosa" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foliosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Coprosma foliosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A. Gray and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. waimeae" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="waimeae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">C. waimeae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wawra (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Gray" authorityYear="1861" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Cyanea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyanea leptostegia" order="Campanulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="leptostegia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Cyanea leptostegia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A. Gray (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Campanulaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Campanulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Cladi" family="Elaeocarpaceae" genus="Elaeocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elaeocarpus bifidus" order="Oxalidales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="bifidus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Elaeocarpus bifidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hook. & Arn. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Cladi" family="Elaeocarpaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Oxalidales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Elaeocarpaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sherff" authorityYear="1938" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Labordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Labordia helleri" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helleri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Labordia helleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sherff (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loganiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Loganiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hosaka" authorityYear="1940" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Myrsine alyxifolia" order="Primulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="alyxifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Myrsine alyxifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hosaka,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hillebr" authorityYear="1888" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Pittosporaceae" genus="Pittosporum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pittosporum kauaiense" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kauaiense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Pittosporum kauaiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hillebr. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Pittosporaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Pittosporaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hillebr" authorityYear="1888" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Platydesma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Platydesma rostrata" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Platydesma rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hillebr. and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. spathulata" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">P. spathulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fosberg" authorityYear="1964" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psychotria greenwelliae" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="greenwelliae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Psychotria greenwelliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fosberg,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psydrax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psydrax odorata" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odorata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Psydrax odorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(G. Forst.) A.C. Sm. & S.P. Darwin (both
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Sophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sophora chrysophylla" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Sophora chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Salisb.) Seem. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Streblus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Streblus pendulinus" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pendulinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Streblus pendulinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Endl.) F. Muell. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rock" authorityYear="1913" baseAuthorityName="Hbd." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Wikstroemia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Wikstroemia furcata" order="Thymelaeales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="furcata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Wikstroemia furcata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hillebr.) Rock (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Thymelaeaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Thymelaeales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Thymelaeaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
Common shrubs and smaller tree components are
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. M. Weiller" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Cham. & Schltdl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Epacridaceae" genus="Leptecophylla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leptecophylla tameiameiae" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="tameiameiae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Leptecophylla tameiameiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cham. & Schlecht.) C.M. Weiller (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.M.Weiller" authorityYear="1999" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Epacridaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Epacridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Skottsb" authorityYear="1944" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Primulaceae" genus="Lysimachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lysimachia kalalauensis" order="Primulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kalalauensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Lysimachia kalalauensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Skottsb. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Primulaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Primulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Primulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope anisata" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope anisata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(H. Mann) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. feddei" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="feddei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. feddei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(H.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lév">Lev</normalizedToken>
|
||
.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(H. St. John & E.P. Hume) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. peduncularis" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. peduncularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(H.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lév">Lev</normalizedToken>
|
||
.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
Associated sedges (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Cyperaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) include
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex meyenii" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="meyenii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Carex meyenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Nees,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. wahuensis" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wahuensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">C. wahuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
C.A. Mey., and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Mann" authorityYear="1867" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Gahnia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gahnia beecheyi" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="beecheyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Gahnia beecheyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
H. Mann, grasses (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eragrostis grandis" order="Graminales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Eragrostis grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hillebr.,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. variabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">E. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Gaudich.) Steud., and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gaudich" authorityYear="1829" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Panicum nephelophilum" order="Graminales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nephelophilum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Panicum nephelophilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gaudich., and additional associated vegetation includes the herbaceous
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hook & Arn" authorityYear="1832" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Dianella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianella sandwicensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Dianella sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hook. & Arn. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Xanthorrhoeaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and vines of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Roem & Schult" authorityYear="1819" baseAuthorityName="J. R. Forst. & G. Forst." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Alyxia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alyxia stellata" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stellata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Alyxia stellata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(J.R. & G. Forst.) Roem. & Schult. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Apocynaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Smilax melastomifolia" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="species" species="melastomifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Smilax melastomifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sm. (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Smilacaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="family">Smilacaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
Common to occasional pteridophytes of this habitat are
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Don" authorityYear="1825" class="Filicopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplenium normale" order="Aspidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Filicinophyta" rank="species" species="normale">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Asplenium normale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
D. Don (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Aspidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Filicinophyta" rank="family">Aspleniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Adenophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Adenophorus tamariscinus" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tamariscinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Adenophorus tamariscinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Kaulf.) Hook. & Grev. and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. tripinnatifidus" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="tripinnatifidus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">A. tripinnatifidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gaudich. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Polypodiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Cibotiaceae" genus="Cibotium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cibotium nealiae" order="Cyatheales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nealiae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Cibotium nealiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
O. Deg. (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kaulfuss" authorityYear="1820" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Cibotiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Cyatheales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cibotiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hieron" authorityYear="1916" baseAuthorityName="Brack." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Coniogramme" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coniogramme pilosa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Coniogramme pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Brack.) Hieron. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Pteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Athyriaceae" genus="Diplazium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diplazium sandwicensis" order="Aspidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Diplazium sandwicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A. DC.) Fosberg (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Athyriaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Aspidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="family">Athyriaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Doodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doodia kunthiana" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Monilophyta" rank="species" species="kunthiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Doodia kunthiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gaudich. (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Blechnaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Monilophyta" rank="family">Blechnaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="O. Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Brack." class="Pteridopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dryopteris glabra" order="Filicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Dryopteris glabra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Brack.) Kuntze, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Bryopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="D. unidentata" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="unidentata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">D. unidentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hook. & Arn.) C. Chr. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Bryopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="family">Dryopteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sledge" authorityYear="1967" baseAuthorityName="Hook. & Grev." class="Bryopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Elaphoglossum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elaphoglossum paleaceum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="paleaceum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Elaphoglossum paleaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hook. & Grev.) Sledge (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Bryopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="family">Dryopteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pteridopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Microlepia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microlepia strigosa" order="Filicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="strigosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Microlepia strigosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Thunb.) C. Presl (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pteridopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Filicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="family">Dennstaedtiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Lindsaeaceae" genus="Odontosoria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Odontosoria chinensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Odontosoria chinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) J. Sm. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Lindsaeaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="family">Lindsaeaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
Threats to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include habitat degradation by introduced pigs (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Suidae" genus="Sus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sus scrofa" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scrofa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Sus scrofa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.) and mule deer (
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Rafinesque" baseAuthorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Odocoileus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Odocoileus hemionus" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hemionus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Odocoileus hemionus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Rafinesque), predation of seeds by rats (
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="rattus" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rattus rattus" order="Rodentia" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rattus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Rattus rattus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="R. exulans" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="exulans">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">R. exulans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Peale), environmental events such as hurricanes, fire (mostly by humans), and competition with invasive non-native plant species, including
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Adiantum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Adiantum hispidulum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="hispidulum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Adiantum hispidulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sw. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Pteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Willd" authorityYear="1810" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Blechnum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Blechnum appendiculatum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Monilophyta" rank="species" species="appendiculatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Blechnum appendiculatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Willd. (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Blechnaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Monilophyta" rank="family">Blechnaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Corynocarpaceae" genus="Corynocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Corynocarpus laevigatus" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="laevigatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Corynocarpus laevigatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Corynocarpaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Corynocarpaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Erigeron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erigeron karvinskianus" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="karvinskianus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Erigeron karvinskianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
DC. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Proteaceae" genus="Grevillea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Grevillea robusta" order="Proteales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Grevillea robusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A. Cunn. ex R. Br. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Proteaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Proteales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Proteaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Zingiberaceae" genus="Hedychium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hedychium gardnerianum" order="Scitamineae" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gardnerianum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Hedychium gardnerianum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ker Gawl. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Zingiberaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Zingiberaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Kalanchoe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kalanchoe pinnata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pinnata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Kalanchoe pinnata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lam.) Pres. (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Adanson" authorityYear="1763" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Crassulaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Crassulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Lantana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lantana camara" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="camara">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Lantana camara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Verbenaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Lophospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lophospermum confertus" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Lophospermum confertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(R. Br.) P.G. Wilson & J.T. Waterhouse (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Myricaceae" genus="Morella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Morella faya" order="Juglandales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="faya">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Morella faya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ait.) Wilbur (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Myricaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Juglandales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Myricaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Afzel. ex Sabine" authorityYear="1821" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psidium cattleianum" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cattleianum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Psidium cattleianum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sabine (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1822" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rubus argutus" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argutus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Rubus argutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Link and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="R. rosifolius" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rosifolius">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">R. rosifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sm. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Setaria parviflora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="parviflora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Setaria parviflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Poir.)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kerguélen">Kerguelen</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Cyatheaceae" genus="Sphaeropteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sphaeropteris cooperi" order="Cyatheales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Filicinophyta" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Sphaeropteris cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hook. ex F. Muell.) R.M. Tryon (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Cyatheaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Cyatheales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Filicinophyta" rank="family">Cyatheaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) all of which possess the ability to spread rapidly and cover effectively large areas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, CW" editor="Stone, CP" journalOrPublisher="Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawaii, Manoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" pagination="180 - 250" refId="B11" refString="Smith, CW, 1985. Impact of alien plants on Hawai'i's native biota. In: Stone, CP, Scott, JM, Eds., Hawai'i's Terrestrial Ecosystems: Preservation and Management. Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawaii, Manoa: 180 - 250" title="Impact of alien plants on Hawai'i's native biota." volumeTitle="Hawai'i's Terrestrial Ecosystems: Preservation and Management." year="1985">Smith 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">IUCN Red List Category.</emphasis>
|
||
When evaluated using the World Conservation Union (IUCN) criteria for endangerment (IUCN 2001),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
falls into the Critically Endangered (CR) category, which designates this species as facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. Our formal evaluation can be summarized by the following IUCN hierarchical alphanumeric ranking system of criteria and subcriteria: CR B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i); which reflects a severely limited Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) of less than
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="1.5">1.5 km</quantity>
|
||
2 and a wild population of less than 100 individuals with all facing a continuing decline in their area of extent and quality of habitat (see Distribution, ecology, and threats). Seeds from several individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been collected and submitted to the NTBG Horticultural Department for cultivation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Morphology, related taxa, and phylogenetic placement.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" collectorName="A. Gray, T. G. Hartley, B. C. Stone, H. St. John, E. P. Hume" elevation="12" location="St. John" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawai'i">
|
||
stands apart from all other described Hawaiian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Melicope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by its combination of being large monoecious trees up to
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="12.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
tall with distinct carpels and short-villous ramiflorous inflorescences. There are three other Hawaiian species that usually have ramiflorous cymes arising on stems below the leaves, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. clusiifolia" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="clusiifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. clusiifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>A. Gray</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectorName>T.G. Hartley</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>B.C. Stone</collectorName>
|
||
from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O‘ahu">O'ahu</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moloka‘i">Moloka'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lana‘i">Lana'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Maui, and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hawai‘i">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="Hawaii">Hawai'i</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. haleakalae" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="haleakalae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. haleakalae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>B.C. Stone</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectorName>T.G. Hartley</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>B.C. Stone</collectorName>
|
||
from Maui, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. waialealae" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="waialealae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. waialealae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Wawra)
|
||
<collectorName>T.G. Hartley</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>B.C. Stone</collectorName>
|
||
from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
, yet they differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having leaves in whorls of 4-8 with abaxial surface glabrous or with some hairs on midrib or sometimes loosely villous throughout the surface, and having carpels connate at their base or nearly throughout their length in fruit (as compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having leaves opposite with abaxial surface densely tomentose and with carpels distinct in fruit). Other Hawaiian species that may occasionally have the cymes arising below the leaves include
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. pseudoanisata" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pseudoanisata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. pseudoanisata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Rock)
|
||
<collectorName>T.G. Hartley</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>B.C. Stone</collectorName>
|
||
, from Maui and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hawai‘i">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="Hawaii">Hawai'i</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. quadrangularis" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="quadrangularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. quadrangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
H.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51055BF9257F511BB24CA85556485EF7:60139FAD7B8DE699793428693CCBD76A" name="St. John" stateProvince="Hawai'i">St. John</location>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>E.P. Hume</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectorName>T.G. Hartley</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>B.C. Stone</collectorName>
|
||
, also from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
. The latter two differ with carpels connate and leaves glabrous or with some hairs on midrib (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, WL" journalOrPublisher="American Fern Journal" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" refId="B15" refString="Wagner, WL, Herbst, DR, Sohmer, SH, 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL & Herbst DR. University of Hawaii Press, 1855-1918. [Bishop Museum Special Publication 97]" title="Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL & Herbst DR. University of Hawaii Press, 1855 - 1918. [Bishop Museum Special Publication 97]" year="1999">Wagner et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the former,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Cyperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">M. ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lacks the
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="1" pageNumber="120" start="start">short-villous</pageBreakToken>
|
||
peduncles, pedicels, sepals, and petals found
|
||
<collectedFrom>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
. Morphologically, these species have little else in common with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||
In habit
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears most similar to trees of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. barbigera" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="barbigera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. barbigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. knudsenii" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="knudsenii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. knudsenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hillebr.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Maui, both of which can reach heights of
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope barbigera" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbigera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope barbigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having new growth grayish appressed puberulent; slightly folded leaves with waxy scurf and commonly having abaxial leaf surface densely long-villous along each side of midrib (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner. A Male flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show antisepalous and antipetalous stamens B Male flower, top view C Female flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show staminodes and pistil D Female flower, top view E-F abaxial leaf surface along midvein of M. stonei showing variability of leaf vestiture G Melicope barbigera A. Gray abaxial leaf surface along midvein A-D from Wood 15101 (PTBG) E from Wagner & Wood 6891 (US) F from Wood 8432 (US) G from Wagner & Wood 6896 (US) (Illustration by Alice Tangerini)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148219" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">2G</figureCitation>
|
||
); cymes axillary, not ramiflorous; peduncles
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20-25 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; nectary disk and ovary puberulent (as compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with new growth tomentose, yellow-tan; leaves neither folded nor having a waxy scurf, rarely with abaxial surface densely long-villous along each side of midrib (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner. A Male flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show antisepalous and antipetalous stamens B Male flower, top view C Female flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show staminodes and pistil D Female flower, top view E-F abaxial leaf surface along midvein of M. stonei showing variability of leaf vestiture G Melicope barbigera A. Gray abaxial leaf surface along midvein A-D from Wood 15101 (PTBG) E from Wagner & Wood 6891 (US) F from Wood 8432 (US) G from Wagner & Wood 6896 (US) (Illustration by Alice Tangerini)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148219" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">2E-F</figureCitation>
|
||
); cymes axillary and ramiflorous; peduncles 1-5(-10) mm long; with nectary disk and ovary glabrous).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope knudsenii" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="knudsenii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope knudsenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in having leaf bases weakly cordate; flowers perfect or unisexual, (3-)20-200; cymes axillary, not ramiflorous; and peduncles (10-)
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="30.0">30-60 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; (as compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with leaf bases rounded; flowers male or female, plants monoecious, 3-5(-7); cymes axillary and ramiflorous; and peduncles 1-5(-10) mm long) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, WL" journalOrPublisher="American Fern Journal" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" refId="B15" refString="Wagner, WL, Herbst, DR, Sohmer, SH, 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL & Herbst DR. University of Hawaii Press, 1855-1918. [Bishop Museum Special Publication 97]" title="Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL & Herbst DR. University of Hawaii Press, 1855 - 1918. [Bishop Museum Special Publication 97]" year="1999">Wagner et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="994313" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148219" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
K.R. Wood, Appelhans & W.L. Wagner.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">A</emphasis>
|
||
Male flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show antisepalous and antipetalous stamens
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">B</emphasis>
|
||
Male flower, top view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">C</emphasis>
|
||
Female flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show staminodes and pistil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">D</emphasis>
|
||
Female flower, top view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">E-F</emphasis>
|
||
abaxial leaf surface along midvein of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
showing variability of leaf vestiture
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">G</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope barbigera" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbigera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope barbigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A. Gray abaxial leaf surface along midvein
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wood 15101</emphasis>
|
||
(PTBG)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">E</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wagner & Wood 6891</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">F</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wood 8432</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">G</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wagner & Wood 6896</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (Illustration by Alice Tangerini).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||
Four specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wagner & Wood 6891; Wood 7696; Wood & Aguraiuja 7697; Wood, Query & Kirkpatrick 15101</emphasis>
|
||
) have been included in phylogenetic analyses of Hawaiian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.02008.x" author="Harbaugh, DT" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" pagination="230 - 241" refId="B4" refString="Harbaugh, DT, Wagner, WL, Allan, GJ, Zimmer, EA, 2009. The Hawaiian Archipelago is a stepping stone for dispersal in the Pacific: an example from the plant genus Melicope (Rutaceae). Journal of Biogeography 36: 230 - 241, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.02008.x" title="The Hawaiian Archipelago is a stepping stone for dispersal in the Pacific: an example from the plant genus Melicope (Rutaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.02008.x" volume="36" year="2009">Harbaugh et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.014" author="Appelhans, MS" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="54 - 68" refId="B2" refString="Appelhans, MS, Wen, J, Wagner, WL, 2014b. A molecular phylogeny of Acronychia, Euodia, Melicope and relatives (Rutaceae) reveals polyphyletic genera and key innovations for species richness. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79: 54 - 68, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.014" title="A molecular phylogeny of Acronychia, Euodia, Melicope and relatives (Rutaceae) reveals polyphyletic genera and key innovations for species richness." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.014" volume="79" year="2014 b">Appelhans et al. 2014b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" author="Appelhans, MS" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="425 - 448" refId="B3" refString="Appelhans, MS, Wen, J, Wood, KR, Allan, GJ, Zimmer, EA, Wagner, WL, 2014c. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 174: 425 - 448, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" title="Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" volume="174" year="2014 c">c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and they all represent
|
||
<typeStatus>paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of this new species. The specimens were labeled as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. knudsenii" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="knudsenii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. knudsenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in these studies according to their original conferred determination. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the former
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Apocarpa" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="subsp. section" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="section" section="Apocarpa">section Apocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
is paraphyletic with respect to the former
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Pelea" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="subsp. section" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="section" section="Pelea">section Pelea</taxonomicName>
|
||
(unpublished results) and that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forms a clade with the "
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Apocarpa" lsidName="Apocarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Apocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. adscendens" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="adscendens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. adscendens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic placement of Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner based on four nuclear and two plastid markers (modified from Appelhans et al. 2014 c). The phylogenetic tree only shows the Hawaiian radiation of Melicope. The terms Apocarpa, Cubicarpa, Megacarpa and Pelea refer to the former Hawaiian sections of Melicope / Pelea (Hartley & Stone 1989). The support values are displayed above the branches and the first value represents the Bayesian posterior probability values (pp), followed by the bootstrap values (bs) from the Maximum Likelihood analysis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148221" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The monophyly of this clade is supported by posterior probability (1.00pp) and bootstrap (98bs) values and the three species, of which three to four specimens have been sampled, were resolved as monophyletic entities (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" author="Appelhans, MS" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="425 - 448" refId="B3" refString="Appelhans, MS, Wen, J, Wood, KR, Allan, GJ, Zimmer, EA, Wagner, WL, 2014c. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 174: 425 - 448, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" title="Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" volume="174" year="2014 c">Appelhans et al. 2014c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic placement of Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner based on four nuclear and two plastid markers (modified from Appelhans et al. 2014 c). The phylogenetic tree only shows the Hawaiian radiation of Melicope. The terms Apocarpa, Cubicarpa, Megacarpa and Pelea refer to the former Hawaiian sections of Melicope / Pelea (Hartley & Stone 1989). The support values are displayed above the branches and the first value represents the Bayesian posterior probability values (pp), followed by the bootstrap values (bs) from the Maximum Likelihood analysis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148221" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope adscendens" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adscendens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope adscendens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(H. St. John & E.P. Hume) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone, from Maui, and the previously mentioned
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which are the closest relatives of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" author="Appelhans, MS" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="425 - 448" refId="B3" refString="Appelhans, MS, Wen, J, Wood, KR, Allan, GJ, Zimmer, EA, Wagner, WL, 2014c. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 174: 425 - 448, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" title="Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" volume="174" year="2014 c">Appelhans et al. 2014c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic placement of Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner based on four nuclear and two plastid markers (modified from Appelhans et al. 2014 c). The phylogenetic tree only shows the Hawaiian radiation of Melicope. The terms Apocarpa, Cubicarpa, Megacarpa and Pelea refer to the former Hawaiian sections of Melicope / Pelea (Hartley & Stone 1989). The support values are displayed above the branches and the first value represents the Bayesian posterior probability values (pp), followed by the bootstrap values (bs) from the Maximum Likelihood analysis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148221" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">4</figureCitation>
|
||
) do not have clear morphological similarities with the new species. While
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a tall tree,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. adscendens" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="adscendens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. adscendens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a sprawling shrub and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a shrub or small tree with sprawling branches.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope adscendens" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adscendens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope adscendens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has considerably smaller leaves 1.5-6.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1-4 cm</quantity>
|
||
and does not have a densely tomentose abaxial leaf surface, being minutely puberulent, becoming glabrate (as compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with leaves (5-)8-30
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(4-)
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="cm" value="8.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="6.0">6-11 cm</quantity>
|
||
with densely tomentose abaxial leaf surface).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope ovata" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has sepals glabrous or sparsely minutely ciliate externally, and petals glabrous externally (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, WL" journalOrPublisher="American Fern Journal" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" refId="B15" refString="Wagner, WL, Herbst, DR, Sohmer, SH, 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL & Herbst DR. University of Hawaii Press, 1855-1918. [Bishop Museum Special Publication 97]" title="Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL & Herbst DR. University of Hawaii Press, 1855 - 1918. [Bishop Museum Special Publication 97]" year="1999">Wagner et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), (as compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with sepals and petals densely short-villous externally).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="994315" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148220" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Hawaiian Islands, with polygon indicating distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kōke‘e">Kōke'e</normalizedToken>
|
||
forests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||
A striking character of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the ramiflorous inflorescences, which it most notably shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. clusiifolia" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="clusiifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. clusiifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. haleakalae" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="haleakalae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. haleakalae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. pseudoanisata" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pseudoanisata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. pseudoanisata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. quadrangularis" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="quadrangularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. quadrangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. waialealae" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="waialealae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. waialealae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and can occur on rare occasions with other Hawaiian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This character is homoplasious and has evolved probably three or four times in Hawaiian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: once in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Apocarpa" lsidName="Apocarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Apocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, once in the ancestor of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. clusiifolia" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="clusiifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. clusiifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. haleakalae" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="haleakalae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. haleakalae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. waialealae" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="waialealae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. waialealae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, who form the monophyletic
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Pelea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pelea" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Pelea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" author="Appelhans, MS" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="425 - 448" refId="B3" refString="Appelhans, MS, Wen, J, Wood, KR, Allan, GJ, Zimmer, EA, Wagner, WL, 2014c. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 174: 425 - 448, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" title="Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" volume="174" year="2014 c">Appelhans et al. 2014c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic placement of Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner based on four nuclear and two plastid markers (modified from Appelhans et al. 2014 c). The phylogenetic tree only shows the Hawaiian radiation of Melicope. The terms Apocarpa, Cubicarpa, Megacarpa and Pelea refer to the former Hawaiian sections of Melicope / Pelea (Hartley & Stone 1989). The support values are displayed above the branches and the first value represents the Bayesian posterior probability values (pp), followed by the bootstrap values (bs) from the Maximum Likelihood analysis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148221" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">4</figureCitation>
|
||
), and once or twice in the ancestor(s) of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. pseudoanisata" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pseudoanisata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. pseudoanisata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. quadrangularis" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="quadrangularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. quadrangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are part of an unresolved group of species belonging to the intermixed former sections
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Cubicarpa" lsidName="Cubicarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Cubicarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Megacarpa" lsidName="Megacarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Megacarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(unpublished results; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic placement of Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner based on four nuclear and two plastid markers (modified from Appelhans et al. 2014 c). The phylogenetic tree only shows the Hawaiian radiation of Melicope. The terms Apocarpa, Cubicarpa, Megacarpa and Pelea refer to the former Hawaiian sections of Melicope / Pelea (Hartley & Stone 1989). The support values are displayed above the branches and the first value represents the Bayesian posterior probability values (pp), followed by the bootstrap values (bs) from the Maximum Likelihood analysis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148221" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="994317" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148221" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Phylogenetic placement of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
K.R. Wood, Appelhans & W.L. Wagner based on four nuclear and two plastid markers (modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" author="Appelhans, MS" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="425 - 448" refId="B3" refString="Appelhans, MS, Wen, J, Wood, KR, Allan, GJ, Zimmer, EA, Wagner, WL, 2014c. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 174: 425 - 448, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" title="Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" volume="174" year="2014 c">Appelhans et al. 2014c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The phylogenetic tree only shows the Hawaiian radiation of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The terms
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Apocarpa" lsidName="Apocarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Apocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Cubicarpa" lsidName="Cubicarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Cubicarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Megacarpa" lsidName="Megacarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Megacarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Pelea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pelea" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Pelea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refer to the former Hawaiian sections of
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Melicope</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Pelea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pelea" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pelea</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Hartley & Stone 1989). The support values are displayed above the branches and the first value represents the Bayesian posterior probability values (pp), followed by the bootstrap values (bs) from the Maximum Likelihood analysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||
Morphologically,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope stonei" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. barbigera" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="barbigera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. barbigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
population of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. knudsenii" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="knudsenii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. knudsenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melicope knudsenii" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="knudsenii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Melicope knudsenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been shown to be polyphyletic and the Maui form does not belong to this group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" author="Appelhans, MS" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="425 - 448" refId="B3" refString="Appelhans, MS, Wen, J, Wood, KR, Allan, GJ, Zimmer, EA, Wagner, WL, 2014c. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 174: 425 - 448, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" title="Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" volume="174" year="2014 c">Appelhans et al. 2014c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic placement of Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner based on four nuclear and two plastid markers (modified from Appelhans et al. 2014 c). The phylogenetic tree only shows the Hawaiian radiation of Melicope. The terms Apocarpa, Cubicarpa, Megacarpa and Pelea refer to the former Hawaiian sections of Melicope / Pelea (Hartley & Stone 1989). The support values are displayed above the branches and the first value represents the Bayesian posterior probability values (pp), followed by the bootstrap values (bs) from the Maximum Likelihood analysis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148221" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). As a result, a future publication is now in preparation which will resurrect the Maui form (i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. multiflora" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="multiflora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. multiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Rock) as a species distinct from the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua`i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. knudsenii" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="knudsenii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. knudsenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. While
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. barbigera" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="barbigera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. barbigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
form of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. knudsenii" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="knudsenii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. knudsenii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are resolved as immediate sisters in the phylogenetic analyses,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not closely related to them and belongs to another clade of the paraphyletic
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Apocarpa" lsidName="Apocarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Apocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" author="Appelhans, MS" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="425 - 448" refId="B3" refString="Appelhans, MS, Wen, J, Wood, KR, Allan, GJ, Zimmer, EA, Wagner, WL, 2014c. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 174: 425 - 448, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" title="Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Hawaiian Rutaceae (Melicope, Platydesma and Zanthoxylum) and their different colonization patterns." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12123" volume="174" year="2014 c">Appelhans et al. 2014c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic placement of Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner based on four nuclear and two plastid markers (modified from Appelhans et al. 2014 c). The phylogenetic tree only shows the Hawaiian radiation of Melicope. The terms Apocarpa, Cubicarpa, Megacarpa and Pelea refer to the former Hawaiian sections of Melicope / Pelea (Hartley & Stone 1989). The support values are displayed above the branches and the first value represents the Bayesian posterior probability values (pp), followed by the bootstrap values (bs) from the Maximum Likelihood analysis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148221" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). It should be noted that the variable abaxial midrib pubescence of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranging from villous on the sides to uniform pubescence (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Melicope stonei K. R. Wood, Appelhans & W. L. Wagner. A Male flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show antisepalous and antipetalous stamens B Male flower, top view C Female flower, lateral view with sepals and petals cut away to show staminodes and pistil D Female flower, top view E-F abaxial leaf surface along midvein of M. stonei showing variability of leaf vestiture G Melicope barbigera A. Gray abaxial leaf surface along midvein A-D from Wood 15101 (PTBG) E from Wagner & Wood 6891 (US) F from Wood 8432 (US) G from Wagner & Wood 6896 (US) (Illustration by Alice Tangerini)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13442.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/148219" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">2E-F</figureCitation>
|
||
) could represent natural variability or may suggest possible undetected hybridization between
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. barbigera" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="barbigera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. barbigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other putative
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Apocarpa" lsidName="Apocarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Apocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hybrids collected and observed in the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kōke‘e">Kōke'e</normalizedToken>
|
||
forests of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua‘i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
include:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. barbigera" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="barbigera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. barbigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. haupuensis" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="haupuensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. haupuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(H. St. John) T.G. Harley & B.C. Stone (i.e.,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wood & Query 14696</emphasis>
|
||
[PTBG]) observed around
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Awa‘awapuhi">Awa'awapuhi</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Honopū">Honopū</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.375" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="8.25" unit="m" value="937.5" valueMax="1050.0" valueMin="825.0">825-1050 m</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. haupuensis" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="haupuensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. haupuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. pallida" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hillebr.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone (i.e.,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wood et al. 7725</emphasis>
|
||
[PTBG]) around
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Awa‘awapuhi">Awa'awapuhi</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="m" value="1050.0">1050 m</quantity>
|
||
); and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. ovata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Cyperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. stonei" order="Cyperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stonei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">M. stonei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e.,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wood 17237</emphasis>
|
||
[BISH, K, MO, NY, PTBG, UC,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
],
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wood 17245</emphasis>
|
||
[BISH, PTBG, UC,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
],
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Wood 17246</emphasis>
|
||
[BISH, PTBG,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
]), in the valleys of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mākaha">Makaha</normalizedToken>
|
||
to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nu‘ololo">Nu'ololo</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0425" metricValueMax="1.097" metricValueMin="0.9879999999999999" unit="m" value="1042.5" valueMax="1097.0" valueMin="988.0">988-1097 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |