376 lines
35 KiB
XML
376 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c684b64e-23e0-43ff-84a0-95d475f46bc9" ID-PMC="PMC7109158" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-921-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FE6559E6A67652CFB3D7DDBB5881D138" ID-PubMed="32256149" ID-ZooBank="46616BEC66C8480DB61BD8BBF079E4AB" ModsDocID="1313-2970-921-23" checkinTime="1585103451735" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Messer, Steven J., Cover, Stefan P. & Rabeling, Christian" docDate="2020" docId="1F47E3221A96563A9948D56C82796403" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 921: 23-48" docOrigin="ZooKeys 921" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921" docTitle="Nylanderia deyrupi Messer & Cover & Rabeling 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="7F338A9A-2545-4868-844D-D088510F7CDA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="FE6559E6A67652CFB3D7DDBB5881D138" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FE6559E6A67652CFB3D7DDBB5881D138" masterDocTitle="Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668168633436" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Messer, Steven J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Cover, Stefan P.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Rabeling, Christian</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>921</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>23</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>48</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-921-23</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">46616BEC66C8480DB61BD8BBF079E4AB</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FE6559E6A67652CFB3D7DDBB5881D138</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163288347" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F338A9A-2545-4868-844D-D088510F7CDA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1F47E3221A96563A9948D56C82796403" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="1F47E322-1A96-563A-9948-D56C82796403" authority="Messer & Cover & Rabeling, 2020" authorityName="Messer & Cover & Rabeling" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia deyrupi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deyrupi" status="sp. nov.">Nylanderia deyrupi</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="23">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Gynes of the social parasite Nylanderia deyrupi (A, C, E) and its host Nylanderia wojciki (B, D, F) in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.921.46921.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/392433" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figures 2A, C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" author="Deyrup, M" journalOrPublisher="Le bulletin d'Arthropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B14" refString="Deyrup, M, 2016. Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" title="Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" year="2016">(queen), 3A, C, E (male); see Plate 88 in Deyrup (2016): p. 348.</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
: USA • alate queen; Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.187" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="27.187">27.187N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="81.335" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-81.335">81.335W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation above sea level: 61 m; scrubby flatwoods, slash pine,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ashe" authorityYear="1929" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus inopina" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inopina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Quercus inopina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. geminata" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Q. geminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Palmetto,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="K.Koch" authorityYear="1872" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Lyonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lyonia lucida" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lucida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Lyonia lucida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: under leaf-litter of oak canopy at edge gap in pure sand; 15-September-1995; Stefan P. Cover leg.; MCZ-ENT00716681. Deposited at MCZC.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
: USA • 1 alate queen; same data as for holotype; MCZ-ENT00716678 • 1 male; same data as for holotype; MCZ-ENT00716681 • 1 alate queen, 1 male (on same pin); same data as for holotype; MCZ-ENT00716684 • 1 alate queen, 1 male (on same pin); same data as for holotype; MCZ-ENT00716690 • 1 male; same data as for holotype; MCZ-ENT00716693 • 1 male; same data as for holotype; MCZ-ENT00716694. MCZ-ENT00716678, MCZ-ENT00716681, MCZ-ENT00716693, MCZ-ENT00716694 deposited at the MCZC; MCZ-ENT00716684, MCZ-ENT00716690 deposited at SIBR.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
USA • 1 alate queen; Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.187" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="27.187">27.187N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="81.335" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-81.335">81.335W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation above sea level: 61 m; malaise trap; 6-X-1983; Mark Deyrup leg.; ASUSIBR00000365 • 1 alate queen; same data as previous; but 8-X-1983; ASUSIBR00000366 • 1 alate queen; same data as previous; but 20-X-1983 ASUSIBR00000367 • 2 alate queens; same data as previous; but 26-X-1983; ASUSIBR00000368-369 • 3 alate queens; same data as previous; but 30-X-1983; ASUSIBR00000370-372 • 2 alate queens; same data as previous; but 15-XI-1983; ASUSIBR00000373-374 • 1 alate queen; same data as previous; but 19-XI-1983; ASUSIBR00000375 • 2 alate queens; same data as previous; but 23-IX-1985; ASUSIBR00000376-377 • 1 alate queen; same data as previous; but 4-X-1985; ASUSIBR00000378 • 1 alate queen; same data as previous; but 9-X-1985; ASUSIBR00000379 • 1 alate queen; same data as previous; but 12-X-1985; ASUSIBR00000380 • 1 alate queen; same data as previous; but 25-XI-1986; ASUSIBR00000381. ASUSIBR00000365-368, ASUSIBR000370-371, ASUSIBR00000373, ASUSIBR00000375-376, ASUSIBR00000378-381 deposited at MCZC; ASUSIBR00000369, ASUSIBR00000372, ASUSIBR00000374, ASUSIBR00000377 deposited at SIBR.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
USA • 3 alate queens; Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.187" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="27.187">27.187N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="81.335" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-81.335">81.335W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 25-Sept-2010; John LaPolla leg.; JSL100925-1/ASUSIBR00000382-384 • 1 alate queen; same data as previous; JSL100925-2/ASUSIBR00000385 • 1 alate queen; same data as previous; JSL100925-3/ASUSIBR00000386 • 3 alate queens; same data as previous; JSL100925-4/ASUSIBR00000387-389. ASUSIBR00000382, ASUSIBR00000389 deposited at MCZC; ASUSIBR00000383, ASUSIBR00000388 deposited at USMN; ASUSIBR00000384-387 deposited at SIBR.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.921.46921.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/392433" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Gynes of the social parasite
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Messer & Cover & Rabeling" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia deyrupi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A, C, E</emphasis>
|
||
) and its host
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trager" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia wojciki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wojciki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia wojciki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B, D, F</emphasis>
|
||
) in full-face (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
), lateral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
), and dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
), 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C-F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.921.46921.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/392434" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Males of the social parasite
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Messer & Cover & Rabeling" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia deyrupi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A, C, E</emphasis>
|
||
) and its host
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trager" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia wojciki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wojciki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia wojciki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B, D, F</emphasis>
|
||
) in full-face (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
), lateral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
), and dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
), 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C-F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
A workerless inquiline characterized by small alate queens and apterous males. Queens are easily distinguished from host queens by their smaller size (WL:
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
= 0.79-0.90 vs.
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. wojciki" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="wojciki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. wojciki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
= 1.10-1.16; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Boxplots comparing body sizes (Weber's Length) of social parasite queens (red) to the queens (light blue) and workers (dark blue) of their respective host species. Letters above the boxes indicate significantly different groups (Pairwise Mann-Whitney Test with Bonferroni correction, P <0.05)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.921.46921.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/392437" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6</figureCitation>
|
||
), uniformly lighter coloration, long antennal scapes (SI = 118-130 vs. 86-101 in the host), reduced CI (86-94 vs. 95-97 in the host), reduced mandibular dentition (mandible = 3-4 teeth, host = 6 teeth), and reduced macrosetae counts on antennal scapes (2-6 vs. 1-2). In addition, the eyes exceed the lateral margins of the head and hind wing venation is slightly reduced. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are completely apterous and are bicolored with a darker head and gaster and lighter mesosoma. The mesonotum is also reduced and narrow from the reduction of flight musculature and does not protrude anteriorly beyond the pronotum. Host males are fully alate and uniform brown. The antennal scapes lack macrosetae. Reduced REL (27-28 vs. 35-40) and SI increased (112-121 vs. 104-107).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Queens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Messer & Cover & Rabeling" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia deyrupi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from those of the closely similar
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deceptrix" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deceptrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their smaller overall size (WL:
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
= 0.79-0.90 vs.
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deceptrix" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deceptrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
= 0.99-1.07; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Boxplot comparing body sizes (Weber's Length) of social parasite queens to each other. Letters above the boxes indicate significantly different groups (Pairwise Mann-Whitney Test with Bonferroni correction, P <0.05)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.921.46921.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/392438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">7</figureCitation>
|
||
), reduced number of macrosetae on the mesonotum (10-17 vs. 21-27), smaller eyes (REL 24-31 vs. 33-37), and uniform coloration (queens of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deceptrix" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deceptrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are bicolored).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Messer & Cover & Rabeling" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia deyrupi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males are smaller in size (WL 0.55-0.58 vs. 0.66-0.69), possess more macrosetae on the mesonotum (4-5 vs. 2), pronotal macrosetae are absent, smaller eyes (REL 27-28 vs. 34-36), and shorter antennal scapes (SI 112-121 vs. 125-127).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Description, holotype gyne.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
: TL 2.68, HW 0.56, HL 0.59, EL 0.17, SL 0.65, MW 0.47, PW 0.57, WL 0.85, GL 1.23, PDH 0.32, PFL 0.69, PFW 0.15, SMC 4, PMC 3, MMC 14, MtMC 3.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Indices</emphasis>
|
||
: CI 94, REL 29, SI 118, FI 21. Small size (TL 2.68), body yellow-brown in color, dorsum of head and gaster slightly darker.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: covered in pubescence and macrosetae, slightly longer than wide (CI 94), broadening posteriorly, eyes protruding beyond lateral margins of head, three ocelli present. Maxillary and labial palp formula 6:4, mandibular dentition reduced to apical and three pre-apical teeth. Antennal scapes long (SI 118), exceeding posterior margin of head by length of first three funicular segments, covered in appressed setae with four erect macrosetae. Antennae 12-segmented.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
: dorsum covered with pubescence, largely absent on lateral portions of mesosoma, pronotum bearing three macrosetae, mesonotum bearing 14 macrosetae, metanotum bearing three macrosetae, macrosetae matching body color, macrosetae on metanotum displaying significant curvature towards midline of body. Forewings smaller in size, but not distinctly different from forewings of host, hindwings with slightly reduced venation relative to host.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
: gaster covered in pubescence with clusters of macrosetae at anterior portion of first gastric tergite and posteriorly around acidopore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Measurements, paratype gynes</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 28): TL 2.35-2.88, HW 0.51-0.56, HL 0.58-0.62, EL 0.15- 0.19, SL 0.64-0.67, MW 0.42-0.54, PW 0.42-0.62, WL 0.79-0.90, GL 0.96-1.38, PDH 0.30-0.35, PFL 0.55-0.72, PFW 0.09-0.15, SMC 2-6, PMC 2-6, MMC 10-17, MtMC 2-4.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Indices</emphasis>
|
||
: CI 86-94, REL 24-31, SI 118-130, FI 16-24.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Description, paratype males.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 5): TL 1.80-1.84, HW 0.41-0.42, HL 0.44-0.46, EL 0.12-0.13, SL 0.46-0.50, MW 0.22-0.25, PW 0.28-0.31, WL 0.55-0.58, GL 0.78-0.83, PDH 0.21-0.23, PFL 0.48-0.51, PFW 0.10-0.11, PL 0.20-0.21, SMC 0, PMC 0, MMC 4-5, MtMC 1-2.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Indices</emphasis>
|
||
: CI 90-93, REL 27-28, SI 112-121, FI 20-23. Overall yellowish-brown, exhibiting bicoloration with head and gaster darker than mesosoma, yellow color in legs, antennae and mandibles, macrosetae color matching body segment.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: slightly longer than wide (CI 90-93), covered in pubescence and macrosetae, denser posteriorly and laterally, eyes protruding beyond lateral margins of head, three ocelli present. Maxillary and labial palp formula 6:4, mandibular dentition reduced to apical tooth only. Antennal scapes long (SI 112-121), exceeding posterior margin of head by length of funicular segments I-III, covered in pubescence and lacking erect macrosetae. Antennae 13-segmented.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
: small, completely apterous, largely lacking any pubescence. Pronotum lacking macrosetae, mesonotum offset posteriorly from pronotum and rising abruptly possessing four or five macrosetae, metanotum bearing one or two macrosetae that curve towards midline of body. Legs lacking macrosetae.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
: petiole triangular with longer posterior face sparsely covered in pubescence, macrosetae present on anterior of first gastral tergite and posterior margins of tergites and sternites.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: parameres narrowly triangular, densely covered in macrosetae, slight mesad curvature at posterior end, digiti narrow and tubular, cuspi broad anteriorly and narrow laterally at posterior end.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
This species is named in honor of Mark Deyrup, who first discovered the miniature females of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in malaise trap samples. Mark Deyrup has been a resident naturalist at Archbold Biological Research Station in Central Florida since 1982, and he is a uniquely gifted natural historian who acquired a phenomenal knowledge about the biology of the ants of Florida. Mark recently synthesized his knowledge in the richly illustrated monograph on the Ants of Florida (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" author="Deyrup, M" journalOrPublisher="Le bulletin d'Arthropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B14" refString="Deyrup, M, 2016. Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" title="Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" year="2016">Deyrup 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). His meticulous studies of ant natural history and taxonomy have inspired students and colleagues alike for decades, and without
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mark’s">Mark's</normalizedToken>
|
||
insightful studies the rich natural history of Florida would be much less explored.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Messer & Cover & Rabeling" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia deyrupi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a rare, apparently workerless inquiline social parasite occurring only in nests of its host,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Trager" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia wojciki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wojciki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia wojciki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is similar in morphology, and apparently in life-history, to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia deceptrix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia deceptrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the inquiline parasite of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. parvula" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. parvula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Its host,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. wojciki" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="wojciki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. wojciki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is native to Florida and the adjacent southeastern states. It is a common ant in sandhill and pine flatwood communities. In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presently known only from Archbold Biological Station and two areas east of Sebring in Highlands County, Florida (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Geographic distribution of N. deyrupi (black star) and its host N. wojciki (red circles). Host distribution data was supplemented with additional information from antmaps. org (Janicki et al. 2016)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.921.46921.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/392441" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">9</figureCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" author="Deyrup, M" journalOrPublisher="Le bulletin d'Arthropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B14" refString="Deyrup, M, 2016. Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" title="Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" year="2016">Deyrup 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), all of which are located on the Lake Wales Ridge in central Florida. This sand ridge is more than one million years old (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00536.x" author="Turner, WR" journalOrPublisher="Conservation Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1657 - 1669" refId="B43" refString="Turner, WR, Wilcove, DS, Swain, HM, 2006. Assessing the effectiveness of reserve acquisition programs in protecting rare and threatened species. Conservation Biology 20: 1657 - 1669, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00536.x" title="Assessing the effectiveness of reserve acquisition programs in protecting rare and threatened species." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00536.x" volume="20" year="2006">Turner et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and it is home to endemic plants and animals, all narrowly distributed on the ridge itself.
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" author="Deyrup, M" journalOrPublisher="Le bulletin d'Arthropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B14" refString="Deyrup, M, 2016. Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" title="Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" year="2016">Deyrup (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Species A in
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" author="Deyrup, M" journalOrPublisher="Le bulletin d'Arthropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B14" refString="Deyrup, M, 2016. Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" title="Ants of Florida: Identification and Natural History. CRC Press, Boca Raton." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315368023" year="2016">Deyrup 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) may be another such endemic species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The host,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. wojciki" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="wojciki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. wojciki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, makes small (<300 workers), usually monogynous colonies nesting in leaf litter or sand, usually in partly or lightly shaded areas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Trager, JC" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 162" refId="B41" refString="Trager, JC, 1984. A revision of the genus Paratrechina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the continental United States. Sociobiology 9: 1 - 162" title="A revision of the genus Paratrechina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the continental United States." volume="9" year="1984">Trager 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The nests are often diffuse in the summer months, consisting of multiple shallow chambers within an area of 1-2 square meters, containing workers, brood, and sometimes sexuals. Collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
consisted of queens and males scattered among these small host nest pockets, a pattern extremely similar to that seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deceptrix" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deceptrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its host
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. parvula" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. parvula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A striking feature of its life history, also shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deceptrix" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deceptrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is that, unlike many ant inquilines,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not appear to suppress the development of host sexuals. In collections made by M. Deyrup and S. Cover both host and parasite sexuals were commonly found together in the host nest, along with host worker brood and callows, strongly suggesting that the host queen is retained, not eliminated in parasitized colonies, coexisting with the social parasite. Another interesting life-history trait shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deceptrix" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deceptrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the production of apterous males, which is unique among
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ants. Accordingly, males have limited mobility and probably no dispersal capability, and mating is expected to occur in or around the host nest (i.e., adelphogamy). Considering the limited mobility and the small number of males present in each nest, inbreeding is expected to occur in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a strongly female-biased sex ratio, a phenomenon that has been frequently observed among inquiline social parasites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="worker caste">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Worker caste.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Messer & Cover & Rabeling" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nylanderia deyrupi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nylanderia deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was repeatedly collected from nests of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. wojciki" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="wojciki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. wojciki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were never encountered. Thus, it is likely that
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. deyrupi" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="deyrupi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. deyrupi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a workerless inquiline social parasite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |