237 lines
35 KiB
XML
237 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="301C2193876D8AFF7985AFDB6D7064B9" ID-CLB-Dataset="95353" ID-DOI="10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="83285f09-5310-4048-8f01-b2e0b4df1fab" ID-ISSN="2624-2834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6820853" ID-ZooBank="D284C0E1-09BB-4CFE-BDD5-FE73E34EDE4C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657610557671" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="LI, YAN-DA, HSIAO, YUN, YOSHITOMI, HIROYUKI, HUANG, DI-YING & CAI, CHEN-YANG" docDate="2022" docId="0B13879BFFFBFFB7A9D8FBC1C96CFB4B" docLanguage="en" docName="palaeoentomology.5.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Palaeoentomology 5 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.3.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E.4:Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E" docStyleName="Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Homalenchodes Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="247" masterDocId="F72AFFE3FFFAFFB6A950FFD7CD71FF87" masterDocTitle="Homalenchodes, a new genus of Serropalpini from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Melandryidae)" masterLastPageNumber="253" masterPageNumber="246" pageNumber="247" updateTime="1699358432891" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="29D4019A795C45568ADCC6E41016FBF4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="FCC6FC49E9BD503B72BFC77E316C60B9">
|
||
<mods:title id="12D0226823E3C16343CD0697A698E914">Homalenchodes, a new genus of Serropalpini from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Melandryidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="23FAF2A3DA4D7688BEA96D5D38DC142B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="7D7AFA10452FA9E10484FA04634E7391">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="8E8A8390C48A0606C120E384E5D4492A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="FEF07B9B6469A9744A330592A32EE286">LI, YAN-DA</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="892507612206A50F4C47E74883E3499A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="50688F4918FAC45ABF7FC433A4611A45">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7135262FCFBAD93D08D87CC9E8A82B0E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="18F74801B30758935ED938822C423EF8">HSIAO, YUN</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="87D7E38A7008CFE1C2C7D0FDA9722568" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FE06848A453C9FE821BDD304DED68477">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="BBFB3C7D928072EF7B5AFF542EDD0926">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="EB5C999AE8CC18FB3DD3BA70B0D3E054">YOSHITOMI, HIROYUKI</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7CAA94F29A6BCF5D619BC7F22F732A69" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C3D9E1C154C77C3730F803161D229317">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="E46D71559D1B11F41232837B5A5A55A9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="EBCE501921A121C31D2CC25106E9BDB3">HUANG, DI-YING</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="CEDB39A2B0FD9F9BBFA3E1703AF9A329" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="5DFE62DC520FFD60355A2B117119782C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A94402B2666D0E1223EC3E249EAD3E0F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="3C3B12BFFA1B95413C12207B74821E6C">CAI, CHEN-YANG</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="0F8C9AEF6355021C5C8E9D470578743C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="0CB09C281D8098D2551AEB9B1D64C859" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="861E574B5A89382A11F395FCE6BAA3D7">
|
||
<mods:title id="14CC3F371E4FFC79AAF00125198C2214">Palaeoentomology</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="E2075D97D7E83C6D8B3DBD8DD2F0DB82">
|
||
<mods:date id="82CC53A354CDBF42A92304565FEE196E">2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="303E69289A4697628F765DB0BB6D4254" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="56EF4D6DA9A3BF87CC9773DC3ACD1593">2022-06-27</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="2CFE46D6741673D435238358E9259C74" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="3D4D8F5F4B43438C4AB1ADDA5D59ADEA">5</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="9C558543EBD4034D0144B3296B6E8178" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="C951286BD7A01B06105B37FFEDDE1526">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="14CD1685153F25FDF6A9D07307CF196E" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="C3D4D8D4931C7EA4D9F878ACAD6EAD8B">246</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="0D3DE01A5C4A1B1776B803C7F3D0759C">253</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="7CE3FC3185C4127D65364E38A6177B6D">
|
||
<mods:url id="3EBE76333AD73E9F148FAE1EE1CBD9F7">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.3.7</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="5225354097CEB07EFDC3313B08946AD7">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="ABC07F51123819AEBB90B59729C78C48" type="CLB-Dataset">95353</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DAE0F8900654DFC6E5ECCEF922869D73" type="DOI">10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.3.7</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DD497D3BA1714A29CA4DB8C4174FFE0D" type="GBIF-Dataset">83285f09-5310-4048-8f01-b2e0b4df1fab</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6AAD52FEC9601DF75C1748D9963935A1" type="ISSN">2624-2834</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2756F844D13D06ED02D7F590A5566604" type="Zenodo-Dep">6820853</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DBC78903C42E5F7B3E2B85F33CDC53BC" type="ZooBank">D284C0E1-09BB-4CFE-BDD5-FE73E34EDE4C</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="0B13879BFFFBFFB7A9D8FBC1C96CFB4B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6828737" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197516838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6828737" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B13879BFFFBFFB7A9D8FBC1C96CFB4B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B13879BFFFBFFB7A9D8FBC1C96CFB4B" lastPageNumber="247" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
<subSubSection id="CBA06506FFFBFFB7A9D8FBC1CD80FBD2" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8305368DFFFBFFB7A9D8FBC1CD80FBD2" blockId="1.[136,778,1046,1109]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A9D8FBC1CD80FBD2" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7A9B3FBC1CE7BFBB7" authority="Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai" authorityName="Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai" authorityYear="2022" box="[227,778,1046,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Homalenchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A9B3FBC1CCEFFBB6" bold="true" box="[227,414,1046,1073]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Homalenchodes</emphasis>
|
||
Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<heading id="D84D81E1FFFBFFB7A9D8FBECCD80FBD2" bold="true" box="[136,241,1083,1109]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" reason="3">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AAFD57E4FFFBFFB7A9D8FBECCD80FBD2" box="[136,241,1083,1109]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CBA06506FFFBFFB7A9D8FB53CF99FB19" box="[136,744,1155,1182]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="8305368DFFFBFFB7A9D8FB53CF99FB19" blockId="1.[136,778,1155,2092]" box="[136,744,1155,1182]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A9D8FB53CC52FB1A" bold="true" box="[136,291,1155,1182]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5C01882FFFFBFFB7A9D8FB53CDB2FB19" box="[136,195,1156,1182]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7A87AFB53CFF6FB19" authority="LI & HSIAO & YOSHITOMI & HUANG & CAI, 2022" authorityName="LI & HSIAO & YOSHITOMI & HUANG & CAI" authorityYear="2022" box="[298,647,1156,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Homalenchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jarzembowskii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A87AFB53CFF6FB19" box="[298,647,1156,1182]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Homalenchodes jarzembowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7ABDEFB53CF99FB19" bold="true" box="[654,744,1156,1182]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AAFD57E4FFFBFFB7ABDEFB53CF99FB19" box="[654,744,1156,1182]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CBA06506FFFBFFB7A9EDFB7FCD86FAD3" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8305368DFFFBFFB7A9EDFB7FCD86FAD3" blockId="1.[136,778,1155,2092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A9EDFB7FCC35FB45" bold="true" box="[189,324,1192,1218]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The generic name is a combination of the Greek “
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A842FB1BCC00FB61" box="[274,369,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">homalós</emphasis>
|
||
”, smooth, referring to the absence of longitudinal striae on its elytra, and “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AB20FB26CFACFA8C" authorityName=", LeConte" authorityYear="1866" box="[624,733,1265,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Enchodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7AB20FB26CFACFA8C" box="[624,733,1265,1291]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Enchodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, a presumably closely related genus. The name is feminine in gender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CBA06506FFFBFFB7A9EDFA89CC13F88E" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8305368DFFFBFFB7A9EDFA89CC13F88E" blockId="1.[136,778,1155,2092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
The generic name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7A8FDFA89CFFDFAFF" authority="LeConte" authorityName=", LeConte" authorityYear="1866" box="[429,652,1374,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Enchodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A8FDFA89CF6BFAFF" box="[429,538,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Enchodes</emphasis>
|
||
LeConte
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been sometimes mistakenly treated as masculine (
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7ABC3FA54CFEEFA1B" box="[659,671,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">e</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7ABF6FA54CFC5FA1B" box="[678,692,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">g</emphasis>
|
||
.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E72B4B7CFFFBFFB7AB9EFA54CDB4FA46" author="Jung, B. H." pageId="1" pageNumber="247" refId="ref3517" refString="Jung, B. H. (2019) Insect fauna of Korea, Volume 12, Number 27: Tenebrionoidea - Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Melandryidae & Tetratomidae. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 85 pp." type="book" year="2019">Jung, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to Article 30.1.4.4 of ICZN (1999), “a compound genus-group name ending in the suffix -
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7AB8CFA1BCE72FA62" box="[732,771,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">ites</emphasis>
|
||
, -
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A9C1FA27CDBDF98D" box="[145,204,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">oides</emphasis>
|
||
, -
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A9B4FA27CC60F98D" box="[228,273,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">ides</emphasis>
|
||
, -
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A879FA27CC2DF98D" box="[297,348,1520,1546]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">odes</emphasis>
|
||
, or -
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A8C3FA26CCB4F98D" box="[403,453,1521,1546]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">istes</emphasis>
|
||
is to be treated as masculine unless its author, when establishing the name, … treated it as such by combining it with an adjectival species-group name in another gender form”. When establishing genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7A9D8F955CCB4F91C" authority=", LeConte (1866)" authorityName=", LeConte" authorityYear="1866" box="[136,453,1665,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Enchodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A9D8F955CD84F91B" box="[136,245,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Enchodes</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E72B4B7CFFFBFFB7A85BF955CCB4F91C" author="LeConte, J. L." box="[267,453,1665,1692]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" pagination="87 - 168" refId="ref3562" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1866) New species of North American Coleoptera. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Part I. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 6 (167), 87 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 17758" type="journal article" year="1866">LeConte (1866)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
added a single previously described species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7A80AF970CFF8F947" authority="Haldeman" authorityName="Haldeman" box="[346,649,1702,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Dircaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A80AF970CF7DF947" box="[346,524,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Dircaea sericea</emphasis>
|
||
Haldeman
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, citing it as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7A9D8F91DCCAFF963" authority="(Haldeman)" baseAuthorityName="Haldeman" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[136,478,1738,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Enchodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A9D8F91DCC3CF963" box="[136,333,1738,1764]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Enchodes sericea</emphasis>
|
||
(Haldeman)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, the name should be feminine in gender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CBA06506FFFBFFB7A9EDF8C4C978FEEB" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8305368DFFFBFFB7A9EDF8C4C978FEEB" blockId="1.[136,778,1155,2092]" lastBlockId="1.[810,1452,158,1228]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7A9EDF8C4CC49F8AA" bold="true" box="[189,312,1811,1837]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Body relatively small, strongly elongate. Compound eyes coarsely facetted (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7AB41F8EFCFFAF8D5" box="[529,651,1848,1874]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antennae long, filiform. Maxillary palps simple (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7AB62F88BCFFBF8F1" box="[562,650,1884,1910]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum widest posteriorly, with somewhat produced posterior pronotal angles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7A81CF872CCD9F838" box="[332,424,1957,1983]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prosternal process complete, gradually narrowed posteriorly, slightly extending beyond posterior procoxal margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7A891F839CF6CF78F" box="[449,541,2030,2056]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Procoxae narrowly separated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7A857F7C5CC17F7AB" box="[263,358,2066,2092]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Protrochantins well exposed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7AB8CF7C5CE21FF3F" box="[732,848,158,2092]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Elytra without longitudinal striae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7ADA3FF49C83FFF3F" box="[1267,1358,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Meso- and metatibiae without transverse rows of bristles or spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7AA2EFF31CEA6FE87" box="[894,983,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metatibial spurs normal-sized (distinctly shorter than half length of metatarsomere 1) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7AC11FEDDC8EEFEA3" box="[1345,1439,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Penultimate tarsomeres ventrally lobed in all three pairs of legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7AAD4FE85CE91FEEB" box="[900,992,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,235,1699,1723]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-59@3.[165,1423,168,1675]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, ventral view. B, Head and prothorax, dorsal view. C, Abdominal base and fore leg. D, Abdominal apex and metatibia, ventral view. E, Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an1–9, antennomeres 1–9; el, elytron; ey, compound eye; lbp, labial palp; md, mandible; mstb, mesotibia; msts, mesotarsus; mtc, metacoxa; mttb, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; mxp, maxillary palp; pc, procoxa; pf, profemur; pn, pronotum; ps, prosternum; ptb, protibia; ptcn, protrochantin; pts, protarsus; v1–5, ventrites 1–5. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B812A08FFFBFFB7AABBFE85CE8AFEEB" box="[1003,1019,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,235,551,575]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,527]" captionTargetId="figure-191@4.[151,1436,185,527]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of Homalenchodes jarzembowskii Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai gen. et sp. nov., holotype, NIGP180475, under confocal microscopy. A, Mesotarsus, lateral view. B, Metatarsus, dorsal view. C, Metatarsus, ventral view. Abbreviations: mst1–5, mesotarsomeres 1–5; mtt1–4, metatarsomeres 1–4. Scale bars = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6820860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6820860/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CBA06506FFFBFFB7AA0FFEA1C96CFB4B" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8305368DFFFBFFB7AA0FFEA1C96CFB4B" blockId="1.[810,1452,158,1228]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7AA0FFEA1CEA2FE17" bold="true" box="[863,979,374,400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AA8BFEA1C9FEFE17" authorityName="Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai" authorityYear="2022" box="[987,1167,374,400]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Homalenchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7AA8BFEA1C9FEFE17" box="[987,1167,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Homalenchodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AC4FFEA1C8DAFE17" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1859" box="[1311,1451,374,400]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Synchroidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
a similar elongate habitus, lateral and oval eyes, and transverse head and pronotum. In fact, the adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AA7AFE35CEC7FE7B" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1859" box="[810,950,482,508]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Synchroidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
have an appearance similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AC59FE35C8D6FE7B" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1289,1447,482,508]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Melandryidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but these two families are otherwise readily separable based on larval characters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E72B4B7CFFFBFFB7AD03FDFDC873FDC3" author="Crowson, R. A." box="[1107,1282,554,580]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" pagination="507 - 513" refId="ref3075" refString="Crowson, R. A. (1966) Observations on the constitution and subfamilies of the family Melandryidae (Coleoptera). Eos: Revista Espanola de Entomologia, 41, 507 - 513." type="journal article" year="1966">Crowson, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Nevertheless, synchroids are generally characterised by the long interfacetal setae (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AD29FDA5C849FD0A" authority="Horn" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1888" box="[1145,1336,626,653]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" genus="Mallodrya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7AD29FDA5C99EFD0B" box="[1145,1263,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Mallodrya</emphasis>
|
||
Horn
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although this genus might have been inappropriately placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AA7AFD6DCEC7FD53" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1859" box="[810,950,698,724]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Synchroidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and needs to be further evaluated;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E72B4B7CFFFBFFB7AC3AFD6DCEC8FD7F" author="Hsiao, Y. & Konvicka, O. & Ko, C. C." pageId="1" pageNumber="247" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref3459" refString="Hsiao, Y., Konvicka, O. & Ko, C. C. (2018) The world fauna of Synchroidae Lacordaire, 1859 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea, Synchroidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 407, 1 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2018.407" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Hsiao
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7AA7AFD08CE13FD7F" box="[810,866,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), unmargined posterior edge of pronotum (distinctly margined in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AD15FCD5C9CAFC9B" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1888" box="[1093,1211,770,796]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" genus="Mallodrya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7AD15FCD5C9CAFC9B" box="[1093,1211,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Mallodrya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), prosternal process markedly extending beyond procoxae with long oval apex (prosternal process laminate, ending just before the posterior edges of procoxae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7ADBBFCB9C810FC0F" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1888" box="[1259,1377,878,904]" class="Insecta" family="Synchroidae" genus="Mallodrya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7ADBBFCB9C810FC0F" box="[1259,1377,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Mallodrya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and unlobed penultimate tarsomeres (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E72B4B7CFFFBFFB7ADF7FC43CE17FC57" author="Slipinski, A. & Lawrence, J. F." pageId="1" pageNumber="247" pagination="667 - 669" refId="ref4050" refString="Slipinski, A. & Lawrence, J. F. (2010) Synchroidae Lacordaire, 1859. In: Leschen, R. A. B., Beutel, R. G., Lawrence, J. F. (Eds), Handbook of zoology, Arthropoda: Insecta, Coleoptera, beetles, Vol. 2: Morphology and systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 667 - 669. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110911213.667" type="book chapter" year="2010">Ślipiński & Lawrence, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E72B4B7CFFFBFFB7AA23FC61C934FC57" author="Hsiao, Y. & Konvicka, O. & Ko, C. C." box="[883,1093,950,977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref3459" refString="Hsiao, Y., Konvicka, O. & Ko, C. C. (2018) The world fauna of Synchroidae Lacordaire, 1859 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionoidea, Synchroidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 407, 1 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2018.407" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Hsiao
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7AAEEFC60CE83FC57" box="[958,1010,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7ADF3FC61C826FC57" authorityName="Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai" authorityYear="2022" box="[1187,1367,950,976]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Homalenchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7ADF3FC61C826FC57" box="[1187,1367,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Homalenchodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no interfacetal setae, a margined posterior edge of pronotum, a posteriorly gradually narrowed prosternal process with acute apex, slightly extending beyond posterior edges of procoxae, and lobed penultimate tarsomeres. Therefore, here we believe that it is appropriate to place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AA7AFB59CEAFFB2F" authorityName="Li, Hsiao, Yoshitomi & Cai" authorityYear="2022" box="[810,990,1166,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Homalenchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1CEEA9FFFFBFFB7AA7AFB59CEAFFB2F" box="[810,990,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="247">Homalenchodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the (currently non-monophyletic) family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44BA4D0EFFFBFFB7AA2AFB65C968FB4B" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[890,1049,1202,1228]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="247" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Melandryidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |