184 lines
22 KiB
XML
184 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="3BB43B7D4F63FEEE034D76418322998E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.157530" ID-GBIF-Dataset="030814c6-571c-4244-8332-5f865a334c1a" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="157530" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461022234774" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Philips, T. Keith & Foster, Douglas E." docDate="2004" docId="5A5C87D0FFCCFFCEBC390A7BFC2DFA78" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00577.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 577" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Cryptopeniculus Philips" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="A665FFA8FFCDFFCABD31095FFFF9FFEE" masterDocTitle="Cryptopeniculus nigrosetus n. g., n. sp. (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from the Namaqualand region of South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="11" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698570451452" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5549B98AEF864921ECB627D475AB0B7D">Cryptopeniculus nigrosetus n. g., n. sp. (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from the Namaqualand region of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1272DBB09F64C04EAFDCBBBE87F9BD10">Philips, T. Keith</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="84339DFECBDC1B0AD2FCF5F9A7C77970">Foster, Douglas E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1830B8A7A84D8B365F4B0F494CC4A69F">2004</mods:date>
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<treatment id="5A5C87D0FFCCFFCEBC390A7BFC2DFA78" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6270792" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119605532" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6270792" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A5C87D0FFCCFFCEBC390A7BFC2DFA78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A5C87D0FFCCFFCEBC390A7BFC2DFA78" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="9AEF654DFFCCFFCBBC390A7BFD44FCD0" box="[264,701,804,830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFCCFFCBBC390A7BFD44FCD0" blockId="1.[264,701,804,830]" box="[264,701,804,830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCCFFCBBC390A7BFD44FCD0" bold="true" box="[264,701,804,830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFCCFFCBBC390A7BFDD7FCD0" authority="Philips" authorityName="Philips" box="[264,558,804,830]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Cryptopeniculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCCFFCBBC390A7BFE36FCD0" bold="true" box="[264,463,804,830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Cryptopeniculus</emphasis>
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Philips
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</taxonomicName>
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, new genus
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9AEF654DFFCCFFCBBC390A31FC6EFC67" box="[264,919,878,905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFCCFFCBBC390A31FC6EFC67" blockId="1.[264,919,878,905]" box="[264,919,878,905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCCFFCBBC390A31FE53FC66" bold="true" box="[264,426,878,904]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<typeStatus id="0D4E8864FFCCFFCBBC390A31FEBCFC66" box="[264,325,878,904]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCCFFCBBC880A30FCFAFC66" box="[441,771,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFCCFFCBBC880A30FD07FC66" box="[441,766,879,904]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Cryptopeniculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetus" status="sp. nov.">Cryptopeniculus nigrosetus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FBB257AFFFCCFFCBBE3B0A30FC6EFC67" box="[778,919,879,905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9AEF654DFFCCFFCBBC390AE0FBBCFAF7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFCCFFCBBC390AE0FBBCFAF7" blockId="1.[264,1323,959,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">DIAGNOSIS. This genus can be recognized by a pronotum with large thick setal tufts in a “V” shape covering most of the surface and composed of thick, strongly recurved or recumbent and approximately parallel setae loosely appressed against and covering pale brown or tan flocculant setae which is sometimes more exposed near the base. There is a distinct longitudinal medial depression between the anterior 2/3 of the pronotal tufts. Additionally, the light to dark reddish black cuticle color, the strongly convex and nearly glabrous elytral surface, and elongate legs are further distinguishing characteristics. There is also a pronounced ridge anterior of the antennal insertions, oriented transversely and obliquely, about the length of the scape and as high as the scape width.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9AEF654DFFCCFFC8BC090C78FE2DFD18" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFCCFFC8BC090C78FE2DFD18" blockId="1.[264,1323,959,1905]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1323,284,758]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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DESCRIPTION.
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCCFFCBBF370C78FDBCFAAE" box="[518,581,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Head</emphasis>
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: Robust, eyes slightly visible from above, eye approximately rounded, except truncate opposite antennal insertion; vertex slightly convex; cavity beneath eye and laterade of antennal insertion where scape can fit, most depressed at eye base, interantennal space moderately broad, slightly depressed at middle; clypeus posteriorly with strongly pronounced edge; genae expanded laterally; labrum width equal to less than 1/3 head width below eyes, anterior edge rounded; maxillary palp four segmented, labial palp three segmented; antennae filiform, 11 segmented, second antennomere inserted off center of scape near lateral edge; mandible with blunt apex, lacking distinct second tooth, approximately straight externally; mentum triangular, lacking cavity.
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCCFFCBB9C20F38FED6F946" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Thorax</emphasis>
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: Pronotum strongly convex with two setal peaks on each side of middle, extending posteriorly, fusing at base, setae internally flocculantlike, setae externally elongate, curved with apices converging at crest peak; prosternum narrow, elongate, about
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<date id="A64B1006FFCCFFCBB9D50F80FAF1F917" box="[1252,1288,1759,1785]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">5X</date>
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as long as wide, extending into mesosternum; mesosternum about as long as wide, about ½ the length of metasternum, anteriorly adjacent to procoxae with transversely flattened, rounded projections extending ventrally; metasternum transverse, broadly emarginate posteriorly; procoxae strongly projecting ventrally, mesocoxae less so, metacoxae flat, distinct, broadly obliquely fused to metasternum.
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCFFFC8BE58081BFC4BFEB3" box="[873,946,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Elytra</emphasis>
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: Globular; strongly, smoothly convex, distinctly longer than wide; surface predominantly glabrous, punctures small, shallow, very indistinct, arranged in longitudinal rows; lateral edge of basal half with a distinct carinae above epipleura, extending opposite pronotal base through to middle; basal constriction interrupted by several short longitudinal carina forming pockets.
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCFFFC8B98D08BBFAE6FE13" box="[1212,1311,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ven t ri te s</emphasis>
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: All sutures clearly visible, lengths of 2nd–4th ventrites even throughout width except slightly longer laterally; 4th distinctly longest; 3rd and 4th subequal.
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCFFFC8B90A0B65FB8BFDBD" box="[1083,1138,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Legs</emphasis>
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: Elongate, apically capitate, femora at basal half narrow, abruptly expanding around middle, tibia narrow, gradually increasing in length from base to apex, as long as respective femora except metatibia longer than metafemor; 1st and 5th tarsomere moderately long, 2nd through 4th distinctly shorter.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="868A664EFFCFFFC8BC390FFCFDC4F933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169099/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[264,1323,880,1681]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFCFFFC8BC390FFCFDC4F933" blockId="2.[264,1322,1699,1757]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCFFFC8BC390FFCFE4CF955" bold="true" box="[264,437,1699,1723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURES 1–3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFCFFFC8BC8D0FFBFD1BF955" box="[444,738,1700,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Cryptopeniculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetus">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCFFFC8BC8D0FFBFD1BF955" box="[444,738,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Cryptopeniculus nigrosetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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external views. 1, dorsal habitus; 2, lateral habitus; 3, dorsal view of the pronotum.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFCEFFC9BC390F7EFE37F990" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<table id="A0F5C466FFCE0035BC390F7EFAD2F990" box="[264,1323,1569,1662]" gridcols="4" gridrows="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<tr id="6CC53484FFCE0035BC390F7EFAD2F9D7" box="[264,1323,1569,1593]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<th id="2F145DF8FFCE0035BC390F7EFD94F9D7" box="[264,621,1569,1593]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCEFFC9BC390F7EFE4CF9D7" bold="true" box="[264,437,1569,1593]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURES 4–8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFCEFFC9BC8C0F7DFD94F9D7" box="[445,621,1570,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Cryptopeniculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCEFFC9BC8C0F7DFD94F9D7" box="[445,621,1570,1593]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cryptopeniculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</th>
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<th id="2F145DF8FFCE0035BF440F7EFD1AF9D7" box="[629,739,1569,1593]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFCEFFC9BF440F7DFD1AF9D7" box="[629,739,1570,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Cryptopeniculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetus">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFCEFFC9BF440F7DFD1AF9D7" box="[629,739,1570,1593]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">nigrosetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</th>
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<th id="2F145DF8FFCE0035BFDA0F7EFBA3F9D7" box="[747,1114,1569,1593]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">external details. 4, frontal view of</th>
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<th id="2F145DF8FFCE0035B9500F7EFAD2F9D7" box="[1121,1323,1569,1593]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">head; 5, prosternal</th>
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</tr>
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<tr id="6CC53484FFCE0035BC390F1BFAD2F9B5" box="[264,1323,1604,1627]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<th id="2F145DF8FFCE0035BC390F1BFD94F9B5" box="[264,621,1604,1627]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">process and procoxae; 6, elytral</th>
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<td id="2F145DF8FFCE0035BF440F1BFD1AF9B5" box="[629,739,1604,1627]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">base with</td>
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<td id="2F145DF8FFCE0035BFDA0F1BFBA3F9B5" box="[747,1114,1604,1627]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">cavities; 7, meso and metasterna</td>
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<td id="2F145DF8FFCE0035B9500F1BFAD2F9B5" box="[1121,1323,1604,1627]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">and respective leg</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="6CC53484FFCE0035BC390F38FAD2F990" box="[264,1323,1639,1662]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
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<th id="2F145DF8FFCE0035BC390F38FD94F990" box="[264,621,1639,1662]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">bases; 8, ventrites.</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9AEF654DFFCEFFC9BC090F85FDC9F882" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFCEFFC9BC090F85FDC9F882" blockId="3.[264,1323,1754,1900]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ETYMOLOGY. The generic name is derived from Greek adjective for hidden (crypto) and the Latin noun for a brush or sponge (peniculus) in reference to the flocculant like setae on the pronotum which are largely obscured by dark elongate setae overlain on the surface of the former.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9AEF654DFFC9FFCEBC090843FBAFFC88" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFC9FFCEBC090843FB5DFD98" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1430]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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REMARKS. Like many of the spider beetle species where both sexes are flightless, it is difficult to determine the sex without a dissection unless the genitalia is partially extruded from the abdomen. Although the pronotal shape is unique to this species, it is approached in form by several species representing a second undescribed genus.
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<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFC9FFCEB9D708CBFE76FE3B" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Cryptopeniculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFC9FFCEB9D708CBFE76FE3B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cryptopeniculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can easily be separated from this group by a broad, rather than narrow and ridgelike, interantennal space. Additionally, the nearly impunctate and glabrous elytra of
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<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFC9FFCEBC390B53FE33FDCB" box="[264,458,524,549]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Cryptopeniculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFC9FFCEBC390B53FE33FDCB" box="[264,458,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cryptopeniculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is in sharp contrast to the that of second new genus which has longitudinal rows of deep punctures, the more typical ptinine setal rows formed of recumbent and erect setae, and the presence (usually) of humeral and apical setal maculations.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFC9FFCEBC090BDBFBAFFC88" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1430]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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RELATIONSHIPS. This genus is one of a wide variety of flightless species found in
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<collectingCountry id="AAE27656FFC9FFCEBC390BF3FE66FD28" box="[264,415,684,710]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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and in many other parts of the world. Precise relationships may be obscured by the evolution of features associated with flightlessness which adapt this species and so many others for a scavenging lifestyle in usually xeric habitats (see discussion in
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<bibRefCitation id="B6644B37FFC9FFCEB9E80BA3FEB1FCD0" author="Philips" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" refString="Philips, T. K. (2000) Phylogenetic analysis of the New World Ptininae (Coleoptera: Bostrichoidea). Systematic Entomology, 25, 235 - 262." type="journal article" year="2000">Philips 2000</bibRefCitation>
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). Morphological traits include the very convex shape of the elytra, reduced elytral setation, loss of wings, and fusion of the metacoxae to the metasternum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9AEF654DFFC9FFCEBC090A2BFC2DFA78" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFC9FFCEBC090A2BFEA7FBB8" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1430]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFC9FFCEBC090A2BFE03FC63" box="[312,506,884,909]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Cryptopeniculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFC9FFCEBC090A2BFE03FC63" box="[312,506,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cryptopeniculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may represent a clade outside the lineage of species recognized by some as the Gibbiinae (e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="B6644B37FFC9FFCEBF540AC3FD0FFC58" author="Belles" box="[613,758,924,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" refString="Belles, X. (1985) Sistematica, filogenia y biogeografia de la subfamilia Gibbiinae (Coleoptera, Ptinidae). Treballs del Museu de Zoologia, 3, 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="1985">Bellés 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or the Gibbium speciesgroup (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B6644B37FFC9FFCEB9B90AC3FAE7FC58" author="Belles" box="[1160,1310,924,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" refString="Belles, X. (1982) Idees sobre la classificacio supragenerica dels Ptinids (Coleoptera). II Sessio conjunta d'Entomologia. Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural / Societat Catalana de Lepidopterologia, pp. 61 - 65 (Barcelona)." type="book chapter" year="1982">Bellés 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Possible convergent similarities between these clades include the flocculant pronotal setae and the smooth globular elytra found in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFC9FFCEBE7F0AB3FBE9FBEB" box="[846,1040,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Cryptopeniculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFC9FFCEBE7F0AB3FBE9FBEB" box="[846,1040,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cryptopeniculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and gibbiines such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFC9FFCEBC390D4BFE9CFBC3" ID-CoL="5R86" box="[264,357,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Mezium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFC9FFCEBC390D4BFE9CFBC3" box="[264,357,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mezium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Alternatively, it might be one of the basal lineages of the Meziini sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B6644B37FFC9FFCEB9D30D4BFEA3FBB8" author="Belles" pageId="4" pageNumber="11" refString="Belles, X. (1985) Sistematica, filogenia y biogeografia de la subfamilia Gibbiinae (Coleoptera, Ptinidae). Treballs del Museu de Zoologia, 3, 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="1985">Bellés (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D24A36C6FFC9FFCEBC090D3BFC2DFA78" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1430]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Based on limited distributions of the southern African taxa, it is likely that most if not all of these originated in this region, including this new species and, for example, the taxa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFC9FFCEBC180DEBFE6FFB23" box="[297,406,1204,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Ptinidae" genus="Damarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFC9FFCEBC180DEBFE6FFB23" box="[297,406,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Damarus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in the coastal areas of adjacent
|
||
<collectingCountry id="AAE27656FFC9FFCEBE530DEBFC32FB20" box="[866,971,1204,1230]" name="Namibia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Some of these generic level clades are obviously closely related based on a large number of synapomorphies (which will be investigated in a later study). But for many other taxa, which look superficially like species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15F54D45FFC9FFCEBC860C73FDFBFAAB" box="[439,514,1324,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ptinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E081EAD4FFC9FFCEBC860C73FDFBFAAB" box="[439,514,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ptinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it remains unknown if there is either a single common ancestor or if many separate origins (which we hypothesize as most likely) were involved in creating the incredible diversity of spider beetles known from this region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |