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<mods:title id="3EF1844BDF2F8455BED7A6B757FA9FC7">Singapores herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4E9F60875F0D06B8F63E206A0AE2DE2C">Lim, Kelvin K. P.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="88502B73FE89B965FF6B43867A39080D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7968307" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209661957" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7968307" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FE89B965FF6B43867A39080D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88502B73FE89B965FF6B43867A39080D" lastPageNumber="276" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFE89B965FF6B438678940A4D" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="00469A65FE89B965FF6B43867BA90BA9" blockId="275.[151,1437,1247,1886]" box="[151,679,1247,1274]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<heading id="5B0E2D09FE89B965FF6B43867BA90BA9" box="[151,679,1247,1274]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FE89B965FF6B43867B0A0BA9" ID-CoL="3N8B8" authority="(Gray, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[151,516,1247,1274]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FF6B4386787F0BA9" bold="true" box="[151,369,1247,1274]" italics="true" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Hydrophis ornatus</emphasis>
(Gray, 1842)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FDDE43B97BA90BA9" bold="true" box="[546,679,1248,1274]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Erroneous.</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FE89B965FF6B425D78940A4D" blockId="275.[151,1437,1247,1886]" box="[151,410,1284,1310]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Ornate Reef Sea Snake</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFE89B965FF6B427178760A11" box="[151,376,1320,1346]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="00469A65FE89B965FF6B427178760A11" blockId="275.[151,1437,1247,1886]" box="[151,376,1320,1346]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FF6B427178760A11" bold="true" box="[151,376,1320,1346]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FF6B4271781E0A11" box="[151,272,1320,1346]" name="Singapore" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Singapore</collectingCountry>
records.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFE89B965FF0B42157BE00AA5" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="00469A65FE89B965FF0B42157A690AFD" blockId="275.[151,1437,1247,1886]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFE89B965FF0B42157A690AFD" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FE89B965FF0B421578C30A35" ID-CoL="3N8B8" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[247,461,1356,1382]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FF0B421578C30A35" box="[247,461,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Hydrophis ornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Sworder, 1923: 68.—K.K.P. Lim &amp; L.M. Chou, 1990: 55.—K.K.P. Lim &amp; F.L.K.
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FE89B965FEAB42297B040AD9" author="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K." box="[343,522,1392,1418]" page="148" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FE89B965FEAB42297B040AD9" author="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K." box="[343,522,1392,1418]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim, 1992: 148</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—L.M.
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FE89B965FD9342297A7B0AD8" author="Chou L. M. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Lim, K. K. P." box="[623,885,1392,1419]" page="105" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FE89B965FD9342297A7B0AD8" author="Chou L. M. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Lim, K. K. P." box="[623,885,1392,1419]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" pagination="70 - 106" refId="ref297613" refString="Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1994">
Chou
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FD4942287BFE0AD9" box="[693,752,1392,1418]" italics="true" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">et al.</emphasis>
, 1994: 105
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—K.K.P. Lim &amp; F.L.K.
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FE89B965FB6842297C490AD9" author="Lim, K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K." box="[1172,1351,1392,1418]" page="148" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FE89B965FB6842297C490AD9" author="Lim, K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K." box="[1172,1351,1392,1418]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" refId="ref327168" refString="Lim, K. P. &amp; Lim, F. L. K. (2002) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Revised Edition. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="2002">Lim, 2002: 148</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FE89B965FA96422978C60AFD" author="Das, I." page="321" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FE89B965FA96422978C60AFD" author="Das, I." pageId="275" pageNumber="276" refId="ref300845" refString="Das, I. (2010) A Field Guide to the Reptiles of Thailand and South-East Asia. New Holland, London, 376 pp." type="book" year="2010">Das, 2010: 321</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FE89B965FE1742CD7B9B0AFD" author="Das, I." box="[491,661,1428,1454]" page="96" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FE89B965FE1742CD7B9B0AFD" author="Das, I." box="[491,661,1428,1454]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" refId="ref300872" refString="Das, I. (2012 a) A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford, 160 pp." type="book" year="2012">Das, 2012a: 96</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FE89B965FD4B42CD7A6D0AFD" author="Das, I." box="[695,867,1428,1454]" page="114" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FE89B965FD4B42CD7A6D0AFD" author="Das, I." box="[695,867,1428,1454]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" refId="ref300966" refString="Das, I. (2018) A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of Southeast Asia. 2 nd Edition. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford, 176 pp." type="book" year="2018">Das, 2018: 114</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FE89B965FF0B42E17A9C0A81" blockId="275.[151,1437,1247,1886]" box="[247,914,1464,1490]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFE89B965FF0B42E17A9C0A81" box="[247,914,1464,1490]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FE89B965FF0B42E17B280A81" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[247,550,1464,1490]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatus" subSpecies="ornatus">
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FF0B42E17B280A81" box="[247,550,1464,1490]" italics="true" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Hydrophis ornatus ornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FE89B965FDBE42E17A800A81" author="Iskandar, D. T. &amp; Colijn, E." box="[578,910,1464,1490]" page="136" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FE89B965FDBE42E17A800A81" author="Iskandar, D. T. &amp; Colijn, E." box="[578,910,1464,1490]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" refId="ref315641" refString="Iskandar, D. T. &amp; Colijn, E. (2001) A Checklist of Southeast Asian and New Guinean Reptiles. Part I. Serpentes. Biodiversity Conservation Project (Indonesian Institute of Sciences - Japan International Cooperation Agency - The Ministry of Forestry). The Gibbon Foundation and Institute of Technology, Bandung, 195 pp." type="book" year="2001">Iskandar &amp; Colijn, 2001: 136</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FE89B965FF0B42857BE00AA5" blockId="275.[151,1437,1247,1886]" box="[247,750,1500,1527]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FE89B965FF0B428578AB0AA5" box="[247,421,1500,1526]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Chitulia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornata">
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FF0B428578AB0AA5" box="[247,421,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Chitulia ornata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Chan-ard
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FDCC42847B660AA5" box="[560,616,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">et al.</emphasis>
, 2015: 278.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFE89B965FF6B41597A410869" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="00469A65FE89B965FF6B41597D8C0845" blockId="275.[151,1437,1247,1886]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FF6B415978050949" bold="true" box="[151,267,1536,1562]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Remarks.</emphasis>
Sworder (1923) included
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FE89B965FDB241587BC30949" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[590,717,1537,1562]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FDB241587BC30949" box="[590,717,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">H. ornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in his checklist of Singapores snakes because of its wide distribution from the Persian Gulf to
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FD63417D7A50096D" box="[671,862,1572,1598]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
, but no records exist for it from
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FB28417D7C48096D" box="[1236,1350,1572,1598]" name="Singapore" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Singapore</collectingCountry>
nor for Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FE8A411178EE0931" box="[374,480,1608,1634]" name="Malaysia" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
. Subsequent publications likely refer to Sworder (1923). Voris and Jeffries collected
<specimenCount id="16FF51ECFE89B965FF0B413578A009D5" box="[247,430,1644,1670]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
during their sea snake research in
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FCBB41357AB509D5" box="[839,955,1644,1670]" name="Singapore" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Singapore</collectingCountry>
, but the
<specimenCount id="16FF51ECFE89B965FBD841357DD509D5" box="[1060,1243,1644,1670]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
were brought to the Kangkar Fish Market with one being from the South
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FC7D41C97ACA09F9" box="[897,964,1680,1706]" name="China" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">China</collectingCountry>
Sea and the other two having no specific locality recorded, and have been excluded (refer to “A note on sea snakes in
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FBB441ED7DB2099D" box="[1096,1212,1716,1742]" name="Singapore" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Singapore</collectingCountry>
” above). Additional specimens at LKCNHM were taken from the South
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FCC741817A7009A1" box="[827,894,1752,1778]" name="China" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">China</collectingCountry>
Sea and Horsburgh Lighthouse on Pedra Branca (which have been excluded; refer to “A note on sea snakes in
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FC5641A57D100845" box="[938,1054,1788,1814]" name="Singapore" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Singapore</collectingCountry>
” above).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00469A65FE89B965FF6B40797A410869" blockId="275.[151,1437,1247,1886]" box="[151,847,1824,1850]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FF6B40797BAD0869" bold="true" box="[151,675,1824,1850]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">LKCNHM &amp; NHMUK Museum specimens.</emphasis>
No specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFE89B965FF6B401D7A39080D" box="[151,823,1860,1886]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="00469A65FE89B965FF6B401D7A39080D" blockId="275.[151,1437,1247,1886]" box="[151,823,1860,1886]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
<emphasis id="328D4677FE89B965FF6B401D7B84080D" bold="true" box="[151,650,1860,1886]" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">
Additional
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FE89B965FEE2401D7899080D" box="[286,407,1860,1886]" name="Singapore" pageId="275" pageNumber="276">Singapore</collectingCountry>
museum specimens.
</emphasis>
No specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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