247 lines
31 KiB
XML
247 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="799C3D96F7927146D64F6CA9BD37CD70" ID-CLB-Dataset="8160" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4545052" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0540f87c-c902-4df5-acd4-51801c9531bd" ID-Handle="2246/1634/B237-0004" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545052" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613519208580" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Simmons, Nancy B. & Voss, Robert S." docDate="1998" docId="4F19FC10FFB6FF88FD0F21F2FE1D8FD8" docLanguage="en" docName="B237-0004.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 237" docStyle="DocumentStyle:25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4.1:BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleId="25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Saccopteryx bilineata" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="B3208468FF93FFA0FFF22212FF8B893B" masterDocTitle="The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana, a Neotropical lowland rainforest fauna. Part 1, Bats" masterLastPageNumber="219" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1698929808253" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2AC77DCBDFBA948462DBB8D1C0398860">
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<mods:title id="F36A674B7849CDB6E0B7FAC1658460BE">The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana, a Neotropical lowland rainforest fauna. Part 1, Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="740F41AA36ADAC7C3D85ADA6A5ABAA70" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A78CF620B97295F2F2DF06DFCC60C2B4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1674C119905ACBEF86D93C67BE0FC70E">Simmons, Nancy B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8888666057E9F56AE83E02615CFC6E6C">Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="35E62B842CA5C967EE3636ECF5C22973">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4343BE4B54CC5C520488E7FD2F207BFA">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2E02B4B921BAA62DBC851124F69BC53A">Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E571768A9202ED6A37FF9589B8DA5A24">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B05E7EC1A9CD8171DDF29858646D8F86">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7FD40CDC40851E74D8D7353477FBD439">
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<mods:date id="482381C168DF5A50A6E149897CE60CCC">1998</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="91405B71DD864601C56322CD7720450C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="20F5BE2B476AF1FB900A8877A209FD18">1998-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="FCB15FC8F321A7D1B9DCA466DFAB5200" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2C7B1C55581C14F67F1ADDF1F869F424">237</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="07833AAF3A12864E8F5F2E4F1B2CC0A7" type="CLB-Dataset">8160</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1D411FC7EF45D0892DC57FB048296F1C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4545052</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4F19FC10FFB6FF88FD0F21F2FE1D8FD8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551577" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177422411" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4551577" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4F19FC10FFB6FF88FD0F21F2FE1D8FD8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F19FC10FFB6FF88FD0F21F2FE1D8FD8" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFFB6FF85FD0F21F2FB1F8ACC" box="[765,1172,992,1015]" pageId="37" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C70F4D06FFB6FF85FD0F21F2FB1F8ACC" blockId="37.[765,1172,992,1015]" box="[765,1172,992,1015]" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB6FF85FD0F21F2FB1F8ACC" ID-CoL="4TX8S" authority="(Temminck)" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[765,1172,992,1015]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB6FF85FD0F21F2FC708ACC" box="[765,1019,992,1015]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">Saccopteryx bilineata</emphasis>
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(Temminck)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFFB6FF85FD2F261EFC3E8C73" pageId="37" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C70F4D06FFB6FF85FD2F261EFC3E8C73" blockId="37.[704,1233,1036,1763]" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">
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VOUCHER MATERIAL:
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<materialsCitation id="77D8475BFFB6FF85FC2D261EFC3E8C73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037467333" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">11 females (AMNH *265963, *265965, *267058, *267060, *267377, *267379, *267842; MNHN *1995.847, *1995.848, *1995.849, *1995.850) and 11 males (AMNH *265962, 265964, *265966, *267057, *267064, *267374, *267378, *267840; MNHN *1995.851, *1995.852, *1995.853); see table 8 for measurements. One individual of unknown sex (AMNH 266977) was recovered from the crop of a bat falcon.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFFB6FF88FD2F275CFF79889A" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="37" pageNumber="37" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C70F4D06FFB6FF86FD2F275CFE858C10" blockId="37.[704,1233,1036,1763]" lastBlockId="38.[94,623,1182,1763]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">
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IDENTIFICATION: Descriptions and measurements of
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB6FF85FCB7277EFBC68CB8" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[837,1101,1388,1411]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB6FF85FCB7277EFBC68CB8" box="[837,1101,1388,1411]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">Saccopteryx bilineata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Guianas and elsewhere were provided by Thomas (1904), Sanborn (1937),
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB6FF85FB9627B4FC4A8CE0" author="Goodwin, G. G. & A. M. Greenhall" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="37" pageNumber="37" pagination="191 - 301" part="122" refId="ref94360" refString="Goodwin, G. G., and A. M. Greenhall 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 122: 191 - 301." title="A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology" type="journal article" year="1961">Goodwin and Greenhall (1961)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB6FF85FC3D27D6FBFC8CE0" author="Husson, A. M." bookContentInfo="282 pp." box="[975,1143,1476,1499]" journalOrPublisher="Zool. Verh. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. (Leiden) 52" pageId="37" pageNumber="37" refId="ref95767" refString="Husson, A. M. 1962. The bats of Suriname. Zool. Verh. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. (Leiden) 52: 282 pp. 1 30 pls." title="The bats of Suriname" type="book" year="1962">Husson (1962</bibRefCitation>
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, 1978), and
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB6FF85FD0727F3FB468CC3" author="Brosset, A. & P. Charles-Dominique" box="[757,1229,1505,1528]" journalOrPublisher="Mammalia" pageId="37" pageNumber="37" pagination="509 - 559" part="54" refId="ref91807" refString="Brosset, A., and P. Charles-Dominique 1990. The bats from French Guiana: a taxonomic, faunistic and ecological approach. Mammalia 54: 509 - 559." title="The bats from French Guiana: a taxonomic, faunistic and ecological approach" type="journal article" year="1990">Brosset and CharlesDominique (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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. There is considerable disagreement concerning trinomial nomenclature. Thomas (1904) explicitly recognized only two subspecies,
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB6FF85FB48242BFB428F6B" box="[1210,1225,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB6FF85FD322445FD448F55" box="[704,719,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">b</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB6FF85FD102445FCC28F55" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[738,841,1623,1646]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB6FF85FD102445FCC28F55" box="[738,841,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">bilineata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in northern South America (including Trinidad), and
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB6FF85FC3C2466FC568FB0" box="[974,989,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB6FF85FC1F2466FC778FB0" box="[1005,1020,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">b</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB6FF85FBF92466FBFA8FB0" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[1035,1137,1652,1675]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB6FF85FBF92466FBFA8FB0" box="[1035,1137,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="37">centralis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Central America. Subsequently, Sanborn (1937) argued that size variation in this species was continuously distributed and precluded delin eation of subspecies in the absence of other significant characters; in his revision, the names
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FF4426CBFE9B8DCB" box="[182,272,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">insignis</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FED426CBFE378DCB" box="[294,444,1241,1264]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillifer">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FED426CBFE378DCB" box="[294,444,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">perspicillifer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FDFB26CBFDE48DCB" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[521,623,1241,1264]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FDFB26CBFDE48DCB" box="[521,623,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">centralis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were therefore regarded as strict synonyms of
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FF722706FE8C8C10" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[128,263,1300,1323]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FF722706FF048C10" box="[128,143,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FF522706FE8C8C10" box="[160,263,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">bilineata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C70F4D06FFB5FF86FF892723FEE68FFE" blockId="38.[94,623,1182,1763]" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">
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Although many authors have followed Sanborn’s (1937) opinion (e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB5FF86FDFB275CFF148CB8" author="Husson, A. M." bookContentInfo="282 pp." journalOrPublisher="Zool. Verh. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. (Leiden) 52" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" refId="ref95767" refString="Husson, A. M. 1962. The bats of Suriname. Zool. Verh. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. (Leiden) 52: 282 pp. 1 30 pls." title="The bats of Suriname" type="book" year="1962">Husson, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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, 1978), others have not.
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB5FF86FDFE277EFF258C9B" author="Cabrera, A." bookContentInfo="307 pp." journalOrPublisher="Rev. Museo Argent. Cienc. Nat. '' Bernardino Rivadavia' ' (Cienc. Zool.) 4" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" refId="ref91973" refString="Cabrera, A. 1958. Catalogo de los mamiferos de America del Sur. Rev. Museo Argent. Cienc. Nat. '' Bernardino Rivadavia' ' (Cienc. Zool.) 4 (1): 307 pp." title="Catalogo de los mamiferos de America del Sur" type="book" year="1958">Cabrera (1958)</bibRefCitation>
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, for example, recognized
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FE13279BFF058C85" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillifer">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FE13279BFE7B8C9B" box="[481,496,1417,1440]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FE0D279BFF058C85" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">perspicillifer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(from Trinidad) as a distinct species, and
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB5FF86FFAC27D6FE5D8CE0" author="Goodwin, G. G. & A. M. Greenhall" box="[94,470,1476,1499]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="38" pageNumber="38" pagination="191 - 301" part="122" refId="ref94360" refString="Goodwin, G. G., and A. M. Greenhall 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 122: 191 - 301." title="A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology" type="journal article" year="1961">Goodwin and Greenhall (1961)</bibRefCitation>
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later treated
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FFAC27F3FF7F8CC3" box="[94,244,1505,1528]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillifer">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FFAC27F3FF7F8CC3" box="[94,244,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">perspicillifer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a valid subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FDED27F3FF148F2D" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FDED27F3FDA58CC3" box="[543,558,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FDCF27F3FF148F2D" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">bilineata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Most recently, Koopman (1994) recognized
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FF31240EFF598F08" box="[195,210,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FF10240EFF7A8F08" box="[226,241,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">b</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FEF3240EFEE38F08" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[257,360,1564,1587]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FEF3240EFEE38F08" box="[257,360,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">bilineata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as ranging from tropical Mexico throughout Central America and tropical South America except northern Venezuela, Trinidad, and Tobago, and
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FE0F2466FD878FB0" box="[509,524,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FDEF2466FDA78FB0" box="[541,556,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">b</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FDCF2466FF468F93" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillifer">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FDCF2466FF468F93" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">perspicillifer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as occuring in northern Venezuela, Trinidad, and Tobago).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C70F4D06FFB5FF88FF8924DEFD848830" blockId="38.[94,623,1182,1763]" lastBlockId="40.[94,623,214,1763]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">
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Recognition of
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FEB024DEFE538FD8" box="[322,472,1740,1763]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillifer">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FEB024DEFE538FD8" box="[322,472,1740,1763]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">perspicillifer</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a taxon distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FCB8268DFC3A8D8D" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[842,945,1183,1206]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FCB8268DFC3A8D8D" box="[842,945,1183,1206]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">bilineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is apparently based entirely on size, with specimens from northern Venezuela, Trinidad (the type locality), and Tobago supposedly being larger and more robust than specimens from elsewhere in the Neotropics (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB5FF86FC622723FBA68C73" author="Miller, G. S." box="[912,1069,1329,1352]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="38" pageNumber="38" pagination="173 - 181" part="12" refId="ref98056" refString="Miller, G. S. 1899. Descriptions of three new free-tailed bats. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 12: 173 - 181." title="Descriptions of three new free-tailed bats" type="journal article" year="1899">Miller, 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB5FF86FBB02723FC1A8C5E" author="Goodwin, G. G. & A. M. Greenhall" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="38" pageNumber="38" pagination="191 - 301" part="122" refId="ref94360" refString="Goodwin, G. G., and A. M. Greenhall 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 122: 191 - 301." title="A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology" type="journal article" year="1961">Goodwin and Greenhall, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, this putative geographic pattern is not supported by available data. Instead, our personal observations and data reported by Thomas (1904), Sanborn (1937),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB5FF86FCC527D6FC568CE0" author="Husson, A. M." bookContentInfo="282 pp." box="[823,989,1476,1499]" journalOrPublisher="Zool. Verh. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. (Leiden) 52" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" refId="ref95767" refString="Husson, A. M. 1962. The bats of Suriname. Zool. Verh. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. (Leiden) 52: 282 pp. 1 30 pls." title="The bats of Suriname" type="book" year="1962">Husson (1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1978), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FFB5FF86FB9F27D6FBCF8CC3" author="Brosset, A. & P. Charles-Dominique" journalOrPublisher="Mammalia" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" pagination="509 - 559" part="54" refId="ref91807" refString="Brosset, A., and P. Charles-Dominique 1990. The bats from French Guiana: a taxonomic, faunistic and ecological approach. Mammalia 54: 509 - 559." title="The bats from French Guiana: a taxonomic, faunistic and ecological approach" type="journal article" year="1990">Brosset and CharlesDominique (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicate that specimens from eastern Ecuador, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, Brazil, and Bolivia exhibit similar forearm, skull, and dental measurements as specimens from northern Venezuela, Trinidad, and Tobago. Thus, although significant geographic variation may exist among some populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB5FF86FD6C24DEFC118FD8" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[670,922,1740,1763]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB5FF86FD6C24DEFC118FD8" box="[670,922,1740,1763]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="38">Saccopteryx bilineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, none of the subspecies traditionally recognized by authors appear to be justified by the evidence at hand.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="93CF1D8EFFB4FF87FF682417FB2F8FBE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545096" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545096/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="39" startId="39.[154,192,1541,1562]" targetBox="[236,1124,208,1520]" targetPageId="39">
|
||
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FFB4FF87FF682417FB2F8FBE" blockId="39.[128,1233,1541,1669]" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Fig. 21. Roost of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB4FF87FE812414FDD08F20" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[371,603,1542,1563]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB4FF87FE812414FDD08F20" box="[371,603,1542,1563]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">Saccopteryx bilineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB4FF87FD652414FCF48F20" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[663,895,1542,1563]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB4FF87FD652414FCF48F20" box="[663,895,1542,1563]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">Micronycteris hirsuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in creekside primary forest at Paracou. Small roosting groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB4FF87FE0F2432FDF38F0E" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[509,632,1568,1589]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB4FF87FE0F2432FD818F0E" box="[509,522,1568,1589]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB4FF87FDE92432FDF38F0E" box="[539,632,1568,1589]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">bilineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occupied the halfopen basal part of the central cavity (large arrow) where they were just visible without artificial illumination in 1992 and 1994. A roosting group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB4FF87FF162444FED88F50" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[228,339,1621,1643]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Micronycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB4FF87FF162444FF718F50" box="[228,250,1622,1643]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB4FF87FEFB2444FED88F50" box="[265,339,1622,1643]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">hirsuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occupied the completely enclosed dark interior (small arrow) several meters above the colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB4FF87FEEA2462FE198FBE" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[280,402,1648,1669]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB4FF87FEEA2462FEAE8FBE" box="[280,293,1648,1669]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB4FF87FEC72462FE198FBE" box="[309,402,1648,1669]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">bilineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 1992. In 1993 this roost was occupied only by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFB4FF87FC452462FB178FBE" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[951,1180,1648,1669]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFB4FF87FC452462FB178FBE" box="[951,1180,1648,1669]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="39">Carollia perspicillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FFBBFF88FF892300FF79889A" blockId="40.[94,623,214,1763]" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">Our voucher material from Paracou conforms with previous descriptions of the species, and measurements fall within the range of size variation previously documented from the Guianas.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFFBBFF88FF8923B5FE1D8FD8" pageId="40" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FFBBFF88FF8923B5FDA98AE3" blockId="40.[94,623,214,1763]" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">
|
||
FIELD OBSERVATIONS: We recorded 34 captures (possibly including some recaptures) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFBBFF88FFAC23F1FEEE88C1" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[94,357,483,506]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFBBFF88FFAC23F1FEEE88C1" box="[94,357,483,506]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">Saccopteryx bilineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 14 in groundlevel mistnets, 11 in elevated mistnets, and 9 at roosts; additionally, 1 specimen was recovered from the crop of a roadkilled
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFBBFF88FE0D202FFF348B49" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">Falco rufigularis</emphasis>
|
||
(which had also eaten a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFBBFF88FFAC206BFF5F8BAB" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[94,212,632,656]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptura">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFBBFF88FFAC206BFFE68BAB" box="[94,109,633,656]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFBBFF88FF72206BFF5F8BAB" box="[128,212,633,656]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">leptura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Of the 14 groundlevel mistnet captures, 4 were made in welldrained primary forest, 2 in swampy primary forest, 3 in creekside primary forest, and 5 in manmade clearings. Six
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFBBFF88FEA520E2FE548A3C" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[343,479,752,775]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFBBFF88FEA520E2FEED8A3C" box="[343,358,752,775]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFBBFF88FE8A20E2FE548A3C" box="[376,479,752,775]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">bilineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were taken in nets suspended 10–21 m over a narrow dirt road, two were netted 10–13 m over a treefall gap in creekside primary forest, and three were netted 7–10 m above the ground in the subcanopy of swampy primary forest. Six of our mistnet captures were made before dark, between 18:00 and 18:35 hours.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FFBBFF88FF8921CDFE1D8FD8" blockId="40.[94,623,214,1763]" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">
|
||
We found five roosting groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFBBFF88FDE221CDFE808D2F" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFBBFF88FDE221CDFE808D2F" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">Saccopteryx bilineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Paracou. All of these occupied moreorless vertical cavities (by contrast with the essentially horizontal chambers typically used by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFBBFF88FEC82645FDB28D55" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[314,569,1111,1134]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Cormura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFBBFF88FEC82645FDB28D55" box="[314,569,1111,1134]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">Cormura brevirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FFBBFF88FFAC2666FF548DB0" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[94,223,1140,1163]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Peropteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FFBBFF88FFAC2666FF548DB0" box="[94,223,1140,1163]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="40">Peropteryx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.) with notquitecompletely dark interiors (the roosting bats were usually just visible without illumination), but other roost characteristics differed. One roost was in a 2mhigh chimney, open above and below, formed by the fused buttresses of a large tree (fig. 3); another was in the semicylindrical basal opening of a central cavity that extended far up into the trunk of a much small er tree (fig. 21); two were in the open bases of hollow trees big enough for a grown man to stand inside; and the fifth was an open cleft, 12 m above the ground at its lowest point, in the trunk of another big tree (accessed by climbing a rope). Roosting groups that we were able to count varied from one to five individuals. Two individuals that we found roosting alone were both adult males. One group of five that we captured in its entirety consisted of two adult males, two adult females, and one juvenile.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |