181 lines
20 KiB
XML
181 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="87B3BA1A446248CB255DD34999555C8C" ID-CLB-Dataset="80832" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6707142" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ab66b2b7-9544-4411-bf61-5bc3651d7bca" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6707142" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1656002532852" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="03F06D13FFD7201E0DA4160B0D76F70A" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Cricetidae_0204.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Sigmodon alstoni" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="400" masterDocId="FFC9156BFFAE20670D37145C0837FFDB" masterDocTitle="Cricetidae" masterLastPageNumber="535" masterPageNumber="204" pageNumber="400" updateTime="1718799336328" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6EF92F8312ADD515235F212001BF91DD">
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<mods:title id="306A1517A5A3C65EA3402AEA891CF50D">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8497E813D3546191C94BD5F358A334A2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C720DA88FE0201459DCB81407AF1B993">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B67E89B04D13AF74ED86B7C7F9AA8965">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="155F6DA76125B4C6C6C15DBFF8B32400">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="4ACC0AA95A3C6E55C0553E6CE70F5B17">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="B4DC4E82C0AE06C280C4A1D252F74B83">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="B2CEBBD63774E1CC4B500CD2181B2038">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="34FB0C134C2B9857ED5E7E0D28718E4C">
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<mods:title id="EB6A6B0BC04EF3954391EE92591104FC">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FFD7201E0DA4160B0D76F70A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6726467" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196221035" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6726467" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FFD7201E0DA4160B0D76F70A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FFD7201E0DA4160B0D76F70A" lastPageNumber="400" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DA4160B08D3FD5A" box="[147,228,599,641]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DA4160B08D3FD5A" blockId="121.[144,1310,596,720]" box="[147,228,599,641]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFD7201E0DA4160B08D3FD5A" box="[147,228,599,641]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<figureCitation id="1362C080FFD7201E0DA4160B08D3FD5A" box="[147,228,599,641]" captionStart="Plate 19: Cricetidae" captionStartId="121.[142,172,3221,3242]" captionTargetBox="[11,2767,14,3647]" captionTargetPageId="120" captionText="321. Groove-toothed Cotton Rat (Sigmodon alstoni), 322. Ecuadorean Cotton Rat (Sigmodon inopinatus), 323. Peruvian Cotton Rat (Sigmodon peruanus), 324. White-eared Cotton Rat (Sigmodon leucotis), 325. Tawny-bellied Cotton Rat (Sigmodon fulviventer), 326. Yellow-nosed Cotton Rat (Sigmodon ochrognathus), 327. Hispid Cotton Rat (Sigmodon hispidus), 328. West Mexican Cotton Rat (Sigmodon mascotensis), 329. Arizona Cotton Rat (Sigmodon arizonae), 330. Toltec Cotton Rat (Sigmodon toltecus), 331. Allen’s Cotton Rat (Sigmodon alleni), 332. Burmeister’s Cotton Rat (Sigmodon hirsutus), 333. Montane Cotton Rat (Sigmodon zanjonensis), 334. Miahuatlan Cotton Rat (Sigmodon planifrons), 335. Musso’s Fish-eating Rat (Neusticomys mussoi), 336. Montane Fish-eating Rat (Neusticomys monticolus), 337. Voss’s Fish-eating Rat (Neusticomys vossi), 338. Venezuelan Fish-eating Rat (Neusticomys venezuelae), 339. Guianan Fish-eating Rat (Neusticomys oyapocki), 340. Ferreira’s Fish-eating Rat (Neusticomys ferreirai), 341. Peruvian Fish-eating Rat (Neusticomys peruviensis), 342. Northern Andean Water Mouse (Chibchanomys trichotis), 343. Orces’s Andean Water Mouse (Chibchanomys orcesi), 344. Earless Water Mouse (Anotomys leander), 345. Pittier’s Crab-eating Rat (Ichthyomys pittieri), 346. Common Crab-eating Rat (Ichthyomys hydrobates), 347. Tweedy’s Crab-eating Rat (Ichthyomys tweedii), 348. Stolzmann’s Crab-eating Rat (Ichthyomys stolzmanni), 349. Goldman's Water Mouse (Rheomys raptor), 350. Thomas's Water Mouse (Rheomys thomasi), 351. Underwood’s Water Mouse (Rheomys underwoodi), 352. Mexican Water Mouse (Rheomys mexicanus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708483/files/figure.png" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">321.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DC1160B0B05FD5A" box="[246,818,599,641]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DC1160B0B05FD5A" blockId="121.[144,1310,596,720]" box="[246,818,599,641]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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||
<heading id="D0AE6B69FFD7201E0DC1160B0B05FD5A" box="[246,818,599,641]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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||
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFD7201E0DC1160B0B05FD5A" ID-CoL="7WVH4" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[246,818,599,641]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Sigmodon" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alstoni">Groove-toothed Cotton Rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0E5216080C9FFD59" box="[869,1192,596,642]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0E5216080C9FFD59" blockId="121.[144,1310,596,720]" box="[869,1192,596,642]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFD7201E0E5216080C9FFD59" box="[869,1192,596,642]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFD7201E0E5216080C9FFD59" ID-CoL="7WVH4" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[869,1192,596,642]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Sigmodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alstoni">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0E5216080C9FFD59" box="[869,1192,596,642]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Sigmodon alstoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DA616C80A67FD0B" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DA616C80D2BFD72" blockId="121.[144,1310,596,720]" box="[145,1308,660,681]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFD7201E0DA616C80D2BFD72" box="[145,1308,660,681]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0DA616C808EAFD72" bold="true" box="[145,221,660,681]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFD7201E0DD116C80997FD72" ID-CoL="7WVH4" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[230,416,660,681]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Sigmodon" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alstoni">Sigmodon d’Alston</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0C8216C80A38FD72" bold="true" box="[437,527,660,681]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFD7201E0F2E16C80B19FD72" ID-CoL="7WVH4" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[537,814,660,681]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Sigmodon" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alstoni">Furchenzahn-Baumwoliratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0E7416C80BA9FD72" bold="true" box="[835,926,660,681]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFD7201E0E9F16C80D2BFD72" ID-CoL="7WVH4" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[936,1308,660,681]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Sigmodon" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alstoni">Rata de algodén de dientes estriados</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DA616E70A67FD0B" blockId="121.[144,1310,596,720]" box="[145,592,699,720]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFD7201E0DA616E70A67FD0B" box="[145,592,699,720]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0DA616E709BFFD0B" bold="true" box="[145,392,699,720]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFD7201E0CA716E70A67FD0B" ID-CoL="7WVH4" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[400,592,699,720]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Sigmodon" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alstoni">Alston's Cotton Rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0FC216A20CFFFC9D" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0FC216A20CFFFC9D" blockId="121.[756,1351,766,1193]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0FC216A20BA7FCC4" bold="true" box="[757,912,766,799]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFD7201E0E8616A20B0EFC9D" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1881" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Reithrodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alstoni">Reithrodon alstoni Thomas, 1881</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FFD7201E0E7D17710CFFFC9D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818815023" box="[842,1224,813,838]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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Cumana,
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<collectingRegion id="499D12E7FFD7201E0EE417710C14FC9D" box="[979,1059,813,838]" country="Venezuela" name="Sucre" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Sucre</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FFD7201E090617710CF3FC9D" box="[1073,1220,813,838]" name="Venezuela" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0FC017110C74FC3F" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0FC017110C74FC3F" blockId="121.[756,1351,766,1193]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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Sugmodon
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFD7201E0E4D17110BF8FCB5" box="[890,975,845,878]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Reithrodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alstoni">alstoni</taxonomicName>
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originally was placed in Reithrodon and subsequently as the type species of Sigmomys, now regarded a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFD7201E0E2C179F0BAFFC3F" box="[795,920,963,996]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Sigmodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sigmodon</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0FC217B30C0CFBE8" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF268C8DFFD7201E0FC217B30C0CFBE8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6761129" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6761129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6761129/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" startId="121.[757,925,1007,1036]" targetBox="[141,733,773,1187]" targetPageId="121">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0FC217B30C0CFBE8" blockId="121.[756,1351,766,1193]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0FC217B30B96FBD7" bold="true" box="[757,929,1007,1036]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Distribution.</emphasis>
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NE Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and NE Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0FC310650C6FF9E9" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0FC310650C6FF9E9" blockId="121.[756,1351,766,1193]" lastBlockId="121.[141,1349,1199,2257]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0FC310650C3AFB81" bold="true" box="[756,1037,1081,1114]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 106-152 mm, tail 72-102 mm, ear 30 mm, hindfoot 30-36 mm; weight 74 g. The Groove-toothed Cotton Rat is small-bodied, with proportionately long tail and hindfeet. Dorsum is agouti-brown, and venter is gray. Eyes are ringed with pale yellow hairs. Cranially, the Groove-toothed Cotton Rat can be distinguished from all other congeners by its by broad, strongly opisthodont, and deeply grooved upper incisors. It can also be distinguished from other South American species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFD7201E096211110CE7FAB5" box="[1109,1232,1357,1390]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Sigmodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sigmodon</taxonomicName>
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by long nasal bones; unconstricted interorbital region; incisive foramina that usually extend to or between molar alveoli; posterior palatal foramina that always border maxillary and palatine bones; derived stapedial circulation pattern; small auditory bullae; upper molars with opposite, obtusely rounded cusps; and first mandibular molars with only three well-developed roots. Diploid numbers vary from 2n = 78 to 82.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DB812650B27F95A" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DB812650B27F95A" blockId="121.[141,1349,1199,2257]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0DB8126508C9F981" bold="true" box="[143,254,1593,1626]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Open, grassy habitats such as savannas, pastures, overgrown gardens, and weedy roadsides at elevations below ¢.1300 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DB812D40A2CF92C" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DB812D40A2CF92C" blockId="121.[141,1349,1199,2257]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0DB812D409A8F972" bold="true" box="[143,415,1672,1705]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Groove-toothed Cotton Rat is predominantly herbivorous, with strong preference for grass in feeding trials. It can be a
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFD7201E0EE812EF0C06F90B" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1800" box="[991,1073,1715,1744]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
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crop pest, consuming large quantities of grain.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DB812A20ACFF8B6" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="breeding">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DB812A20ACFF8B6" blockId="121.[141,1349,1199,2257]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0DB812A20922F8C4" bold="true" box="[143,277,1790,1823]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Breeding.</emphasis>
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The Groove-toothed Cotton Rat breeds year-round, even in habitats with seasonal flooding and drought. Litters average five young. Local populations fluctuate depending on rainfall and food abundance.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DBA132809A9F867" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DBA132809A9F867" blockId="121.[141,1349,1199,2257]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0DBA1328094DF84E" bold="true" box="[141,378,1908,1941]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Groove-toothed Cotton Rat is strictly terrestrial, and is both diurnal and noctural.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DB8139F0A9BF7D0" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DB8139F0A9BF7D0" blockId="121.[141,1349,1199,2257]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0DB8139F0B6DF83F" bold="true" box="[143,858,1987,2020]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Groove-toothed Cotton Rats construct runways through low vegetation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DB81C4D0D05F75A" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DB81C4D0D05F75A" blockId="121.[141,1349,1199,2257]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0DB81C4D09CDF7E9" bold="true" box="[143,506,2065,2098]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Groove-toothed Cotton Rat has a wide distribution and presumably large overall population. It occurs in protected areas and does not face any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFD7201E0E831C3C0C31F75A" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1800" box="[948,1030,2144,2177]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
|
||
conservation threats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFD7201E0DA71CCD0D76F70A" pageId="121" pageNumber="400" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFD7201E0DA71CCD0D76F70A" blockId="121.[141,1349,1199,2257]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFD7201E0DA71CCD091FF771" bold="true" box="[144,296,2193,2218]" pageId="121" pageNumber="400">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Handley (1976), Ibanez & Moreno (1982), Martino & Aguilera (1993), O'Connell (1981, 1982), Patton, Weksler, Delgado et al. (2016), Reig (1986), Thomas (1881, 1901b, 1914b), Vivas (1986), Voss (1992, 2015f).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |