207 lines
28 KiB
XML
207 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="A74A02CE6280921CEC9B432973353433">
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<mods:title id="CCFE7F8D0389C0C60BE2823183AD896B">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="29D884E788536A21C922894E0A90CDB5">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AA1BCDCB1BFB4C576EEE1D0DDC9E930D">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D3E4CAEB039F0880B17D5C79E926776A">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="43BF3B0186442FBC5D9795E54313BA97">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="617924C5A331E83374438E9100A72DB6">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="7519EF60978F43C8F6248A1375D16E6C">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="B7CE7C65FAE95776648FEBCB0079BFE0">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FF3020F90D9F1F6A0013F248" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6727011" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196221736" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6727011" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FF3020F90D9F1F6A0013F248" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FF3020F90D9F1F6A0013F248" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F90D9F1F6A08CDF4B3" box="[168,250,2870,2920]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F90D9F1F6A08CDF4B3" blockId="158.[165,1293,2870,3047]" box="[168,250,2870,2920]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF3020F90D9F1F6A08CDF4B3" box="[168,250,2870,2920]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<figureCitation id="1362C080FF3020F90D9F1F6A08CDF4B3" box="[168,250,2870,2920]" captionStart="Plate 22: Cricetidae" captionStartId="151.[164,194,3140,3165]" captionTargetBox="[14,2786,15,3649]" captionTargetPageId="150" captionText="420. Western Amazonian Rice Rat (Hylaeamys perenensis), 421. Yungas Rice Rat (Hylaeamys yunganus), 422. Azara’s Rice Rat (Hylaeamys megacephalus), 423. Tate’s Rice Rat (Hylaeamys tatei), 424. Sowbug Rice Rat (Hylaeamys oniscus), 425. Bolivian Rice Rat (Hylaeamys acritus), 426. Atlantic Forest Rice Rat (Hylaeamys laticeps), 427. Fulvous Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys fulvescens), 428. Costa Rican Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys costaricensis), 429. Sprightly Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys vegetus), 430. Delicate Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys delicatus), 431. Grayish Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys griseolus), 432. Hairy Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys messorius), 433. Tschudi’s Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys destructor), 434. Sandy Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys arenalis), 435. Andean Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys andinus), 436. Small-eared Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys macrotis), 437. Utiariti Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys utiaritensis), 438. Straw-colored Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys stramineus), 439. Mato Grosso Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys mattogrossae), 440. Moojen’s Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys moojeni), 441. Highlands Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys rupestris), 442. Black-footed Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys nigripes), 443. San Javier's Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys brendae), 444. Chacoan Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys chacoensts), 445. Fornes’s Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys fornest), 446. Yellow Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys flavescens), 447. Long-tailed Pygmy Rice Rat (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus), 448. Painted Bristly Mouse (Neacomys pictus), 449. Narrow-footed Bristly Mouse (Neacomys tenuipes), 450. Guianan Bristly Mouse (Neacomys guianae), 451. Paracou Bristly Mouse (Neacomys paracou), 452. Dubost’s Bristly Mouse (Neacomys dubosti), 453. Large Bristly Mouse (Neacomys spinosus), 454. Pleasant Bristly Mouse (Neacomys amoenus), 455. Vargas Llosa’s Bristly Mouse (Neacomys vargasllosai), 456. Minute Bristly Mouse (Neacomys minutus), 457. Musser’s Bristly Mouse (Neacomys musseri)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708515" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708515/files/figure.png" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">447.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F90C3C1F6A0B7FF4B3" box="[267,840,2870,2920]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F90C3C1F6A0B7FF4B3" blockId="158.[165,1293,2870,3047]" box="[267,840,2870,2920]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF3020F90C3C1F6A0B7FF4B3" box="[267,840,2870,2920]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF3020F90C3C1F6A0B7FF4B3" ID-CoL="496XR" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[267,840,2870,2920]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">Long-tailed Pygmy Rice Rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F90D9B1F360A84F443" box="[172,691,2922,2968]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F90D9B1F360A84F443" blockId="158.[165,1293,2870,3047]" box="[172,691,2922,2968]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF3020F90D9B1F360A84F443" box="[172,691,2922,2968]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90D9B1F360A84F443" ID-CoL="496XR" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[172,691,2922,2968]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F90D9B1F360A84F443" box="[172,691,2922,2968]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Oligoryzomys longicaudatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F90D901FFA0A45F439" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F90D901FFA0D3BF460" blockId="158.[165,1293,2870,3047]" box="[167,1292,2982,3003]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF3020F90D901FFA0D3BF460" box="[167,1292,2982,3003]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F90D901FFA08C4F460" bold="true" box="[167,243,2982,3003]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF3020F90DCB1FFA0996F460" ID-CoL="496XR" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[252,417,2982,3003]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">Colilargo du Chili</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F90C801FFA0A26F460" bold="true" box="[439,529,2982,3003]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF3020F90F2C1FFA0B0EF460" ID-CoL="496XR" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[539,825,2982,3003]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">Langschwanz-Zwergreisratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F90E791FFA0B9EF460" bold="true" box="[846,937,2982,3003]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF3020F90E831FFA0D3BF460" ID-CoL="496XR" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[948,1292,2982,3003]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">Rata arrocera pigmea de cola larga</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F90D901F910A45F439" blockId="158.[165,1293,2870,3047]" box="[167,626,3021,3042]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF3020F90D901F910A45F439" box="[167,626,3021,3042]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F90D901F9109AAF439" bold="true" box="[167,413,3021,3042]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF3020F90C9F1F910A45F439" ID-CoL="496XR" baseAuthorityName="Bennett" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[424,626,3021,3042]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">Long-tailed Colilargo</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F90D91184C0A3CF383" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F90D91184C0A3CF383" blockId="158.[165,1372,3088,3484]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F90D91184C0976F3EA" bold="true" box="[166,321,3088,3121]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90C78184C0B22F3EA" authority="Bennett, 1832" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1832" box="[335,789,3088,3121]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">Mus longicaudatus Bennett, 1832</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FF3020F90E11184C0A3CF383" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818814514" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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“
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<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FF3020F90E00184C0BBCF3EA" box="[823,907,3088,3121]" name="Chile" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Chili</collectingCountry>
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.” Restricted by W. H. Osgood in 1943 to
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<collectingRegion id="499D12E7FF3020F90C211863099DF383" box="[278,426,3135,3160]" country="Chile" name="Valparaiso" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Valparaiso</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FF3020F90C8C18630A30F383" box="[443,519,3135,3160]" name="Chile" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Chile</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F90D9018030974F249" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F90D9018030974F249" blockId="158.[165,1372,3088,3484]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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Current concept of
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90CF518030AABF35B" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1832" box="[450,668,3167,3200]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">O. longicaudatus</taxonomicName>
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includes numerous nominal forms, most of them very poorly known and named by R.
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90F9F18D60B0AF37C" baseAuthorityName="Koch in Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[680,829,3210,3239]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Argentina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="philippi">A. Philippi</taxonomicName>
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in 1900, plus
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F9093218D60D2AF37C" box="[1029,1309,3210,3239]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Hesperomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Calomys">Hesperomys (Calomys)</taxonomicName>
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coppingeri,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90C2518ED0A02F315" box="[274,565,3249,3278]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magellanicus">Oryzomys magellanicus</taxonomicName>
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mizurus, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90FC018ED0C1FF315" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1867" box="[759,1064,3249,3278]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">Oryzomys longicaudatus</taxonomicName>
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pampanus. Here,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F9081518ED097AF32E" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magellanicus">Mus magellanicus</taxonomicName>
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, with type locality in Port Famine, Chile, is treated as a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90DE718A7099AF2C7" box="[208,429,3323,3356]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">O. longicaudatus</taxonomicName>
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. Entire taxonomy of
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90FD418A70B88F2C7" box="[739,959,3323,3356]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">O. longicaudatus</taxonomicName>
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needs a new comprehensive approach that includes molecular markers and morphological data; this is particularly important because
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90C8919160AADF2B0" box="[446,666,3402,3435]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">O. longicaudatus</taxonomicName>
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is the main reservoir of hantavirus in the Andes. Monotypic.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F90530157F0074FEB0" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="distribution">
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||
<caption id="DF268C8DFF3020F90530157F0074FEB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6761429" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6761429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6761429/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" startId="158.[2055,2231,291,324]" targetBox="[1440,2031,301,715]" targetPageId="158">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F90530157F0074FEB0" blockId="158.[2054,2647,291,718]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F90530157F008DFE9F" bold="true" box="[2055,2234,291,324]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Chile and W, SC & S
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F904C1157F0077FEB0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Argentina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Argentina</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F90530152E0063FA9F" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F90530152E0063FA9F" blockId="158.[2054,2647,291,718]" lastBlockId="158.[1440,2649,724,3475]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F90530152E0139FE48" bold="true" box="[2055,2318,370,403]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body 100 mm, tail 118 mm, ear 16 mm, hindfoot 28 mm, and weight 36 g (mean values for Neuquén Province); Head-body 103 mm, tail 109 mm, ear 18 mm, hindfoot 28 mm, and weight 41 g (means for Tierra del Fuego Province); Head-body 93 mm, tail 127 mm, ear 16 mm, hindfoot 28 mm, and weight 33 g (means for Chubut Province). The Long-tailed Pygmy Rice Rat is the largest species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F9089116A00E65FCC6" authorityName="Bangs" authorityYear="1900" box="[1446,1618,764,797]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Oligoryzomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Oligoryzomys</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Males are larger and heavier than females; mean weights of Chilean specimens are 37 g for males vs. 31 g for females. Important geographical variation in external traits and measurements also occur. Fur is soft, smooth, and luxuriant; hairs are deep ashy gray at bases; those of upper surfaces are fawn or pale rufous, with tips frequently black; those of under surfaces are tipped with white, slightly tinged with fawn; face is covered with short hair of mingled fawn and black; lips are nearly white; vibrissae are extremely long, black at bases and silvery at tips; ears are rounded and of moderate size, covered on inside with short hair the same color as face and on outside with very short whitish hair, scarcely discernible on blackish skin; dorsum is mixed fawn and black, with black disappearing on almost purely fawn sides; front of forelegs and outside of hindlegs are fawn; tail is scaly, with numerous very short bristly hairs, brownish above and nearly white beneath; hairs of upper surface of tarsi are short, very pale fawn approaching white; those of toes are still more white; and lengthened bristles covering claws are almost silvery. Chromosomal complement is 2n = 56, FN = 70.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F9089511160E46F97C" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F9089511160E46F97C" blockId="158.[1440,2649,724,3475]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F9089511160E26FAB0" bold="true" box="[1442,1553,1354,1387]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Andean dry coastal shrublands through southern Andean forests (Valdivian,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90894112A0E04FA48" box="[1443,1587,1398,1427]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nothofagus</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90B71112A0F14FA48" box="[1606,1827,1398,1427]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Nothofagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
], and mixed), ecotonal ranges, grassy and shrubby steppes to Magellan tundra, from sea level to elevations of ¢.2000 m. The Long-tailed Pygmy Rice Rat also occurs in margins of rivers that dissect Patagonia independently of main habitats; it does not occur in steppe away from bushes. Blackberry and wild rose tangles are preferred habitats in north-western Patagonia. The Long-tailed Pygmy Rice Rat showed seasonal fluctuations and interannual differences in abundances between habitats; abundances were greatest in autumn/winter in shrubland and summer/autumn in forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F9089512F00086F839" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F9089512F00086F839" blockId="158.[1440,2649,724,3475]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F9089512F00E98F916" bold="true" box="[1442,1711,1708,1741]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Long-tailed Pygmy Rice Rat in Chile is omnivorous, with a tendency to eat seeds and variable proportions of green plants, arthropods, fungi, and fruits (e.g. blackberries and rose hips). Diet changes latitudinally. In Mediterranean Chile, it reportedly granivorous-frugivorous, changing to herbivorous between Mediterranean and Temperate Forests ecoregions. During summer, it prefers fruits and seeds, changing almost exclusively to seeds as winter approaches. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F9046F132E01DFF848" box="[2392,2536,1906,1939]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Argentina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Argentina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, studies based on fecal pellets of individuals trapped in shrubland environments of steppeforest ecotones suggested frugivorous-granivorous diets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F9089513BB0E11F5D2" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F9089513BB0E11F5D2" blockId="158.[1440,2649,724,3475]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F9089513BB0E1FF7D3" bold="true" box="[1442,1576,2023,2056]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
In north-western Patagonia, ¢.50% the population of Long-tailed Pygmy Rice Rats has reached breeding condition in early spring (late October), and almost every overwintered male is breeding in November-December. Autumn population of females consists of nulliparous and parous individuals born in spring/summer, plus a few pregnant individuals. Pregnancies begin about the first of November. By late November and December, the entire overwintered female population is breeding. Reproductive activity continues in summer. At Fray Jorge National Park (Chile), pregnant females were recorded in March, probably responding to seed production following unusual periods of rainfall. Overall, mean number of fetuses was five, reaching seven during population outbreaks. There was no relationship between age of mother and size of litter. Reproductive activity had seasonal, interannual, and habitat-specific differences. Survival was higher in autumn/winter than spring/summer. Differences in abundance among years can be explained by reproductive parameters and population structure.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F908971E53010AF583" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F908971E53010AF583" blockId="158.[1440,2649,724,3475]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F908971E530EB9F5EB" bold="true" box="[1440,1678,2575,2608]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Long-tailed Pygmy Rice Rat is mostly nocturnal and terrestial, although it climbs well and is sometimes found 3 m aboveground.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F908951E020EF0F49F" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F908951E020EF0F49F" blockId="158.[1440,2649,724,3475]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F908951E0200B8F5A4" bold="true" box="[1442,2191,2654,2687]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Lineal distances moved were 53-75 m. Large-scale outbreaks (“ratadas”) of Long-tailed Pygmy Rice Rat have been recorded in Chile and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90BC41EF10FB5F515" box="[1779,1922,2733,2766]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Argentina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Argentina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, associated with cyclical masting of the mountain bamboo
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F90B161E880F03F52E" box="[1569,1844,2772,2805]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Chusquea (Poaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Darwin's recorded one of the earliest ratada when Longtailed Pygmy Rice Rats “overran the wooded country south of Concepcion, in swarms of infinite numbers.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F908951F16018CF4B0" box="[1442,2491,2890,2923]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F908951F16018CF4B0" blockId="158.[1440,2649,724,3475]" box="[1442,2491,2890,2923]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F908951F160EC9F4B0" bold="true" box="[1442,1790,2890,2923]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF3020F908951F230013F248" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF3020F908951F230013F248" blockId="158.[1440,2649,724,3475]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF3020F908951F230E0CF44F" bold="true" box="[1442,1595,2943,2964]" pageId="158" pageNumber="437">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Allen (1905), Andreo et al. (2012), Belmar-Lucero et al. (2009), Boric-Bargetto et al. (2012), Bozinovic, Lima et al. (2007), Carbajo & Pardinas (2007), Carleton & Musser (1989), Contreras (1972), Fulk (1975), Gallardo & Mercado (1999), Gallardo & Palma (1990), Gallardo & Patterson (1985), Gonzalez et al. (1989, 2000), Gonzalez-Ittig, Polop et al. (2015), Gonzélez-Ittig, Rossi-Fraire et al. (2010), Gonzéalez-Ittig, Salazar-Bravo et al. (2008), Gonzalez-Ittig, Theiler & Gardenal (2002), Greer (1965), Guthmann et al. (1997), Guzman et al. (2015), Jaksic & Lima (2003), Kelt et al. (1994), Lessa et al. (2010), Lozada et al. (2000), Mann (1978), Markham (1970, 1971), Massoia (1973), Meserve (1981a), Meserve & Glanz (1978), Meserve, Martinez et al. (1999), Monjeau (1989), Monjeau et al. (1998), Mura & Gonzalez (1986), Murta, Gonzalez & Lima (2003a, 2003b), Murua, Gonzalez & Meserve (1986), Osgood (1943a), Palma (1987), Palma, Boric-Bargetto et al. (2012), Palma, Rivera-Mlilla et al. (2005), Palma, Torres-Pérez & Boric-Bargetto (2007), Pardinas, D’Elia, Teta & Patterson (2016), Pardinas, Teta et al. (2003), Pearson (1983, 2002), Pearson & Pearson (1982), Péfaur et al. (1979),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF3020F9048019540279F2C6" baseAuthorityName="Koch in Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[2487,2638,3336,3357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Argentina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="158" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="philippi">Philippi (1900)</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Piudo, Monteverde, Gonzalez et al. (2005), Piudo, Monteverde, Walker & Douglass (2011), Polop (2011), Polop, Polop & Provensal (2016), Polop, Provensal et al. (2010), Polop, Sepulveda et al. (2014, 2015), Porcasi et al. (2005), Sage et al. (2007), Silva (2005), Waterhouse (1839).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |