325 lines
39 KiB
XML
325 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="1EED16453ADDB75DE7DEA47E47260EB0" ID-ISSN="11755334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627005272297" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Published, First" docDate="2008" docId="03DF87D2FFAFAB319EC812BA47DF3DF9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01804p456part1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1804" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Corethrella (Corethrella) carariensis Borkent 2008, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="FFE6FFAAFFECAB759E5F1025465D3823" masterDocTitle="The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera)" masterLastPageNumber="456" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1699014769975" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="CEAF4087803327FEAF1B50B5EC248E47">The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="3E20DF68D149883323BBF0F7A587A0CA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8E329EEC9090173E8B011E6865B52361">
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<mods:date id="22F78A37B9266F46234BFECE2343CD49">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0ADCD12E29C3F55F51C9DB961152F55C">2008-06-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="185CBE6258E4B0DD8033CEDD9D9A6B62">1804</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="50371B080EFC099DF6DE9A9E7E029345" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DF87D2FFAFAB319EC812BA47DF3DF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5126365" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5126365" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87D2FFAFAB319EC812BA47DF3DF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF87D2FFAFAB319EC812BA47DF3DF9" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFFAFAB369EC812BA453D3A9A" box="[151,864,671,697]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FFAFAB369EC812BA453D3A9A" blockId="67.[151,864,671,697]" box="[151,864,671,697]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<heading id="D08181A8FFAFAB369EC812BA453D3A9A" bold="true" box="[151,864,671,697]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369EC812BA453D3A9A" bold="true" box="[151,864,671,697]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFAFAB369EC812BA449E3A9A" ID-CoL="8BL5B" authority="Borkent" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,707,671,697]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carariensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Corethrella">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369EC812BA477C3A9A" bold="true" box="[151,289,671,697]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Corethrella</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369F6D12BA47E13A9A" bold="true" box="[306,444,671,697]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Corethrella</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369F9112BA440E3A9A" bold="true" box="[462,595,671,697]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">carariensis</emphasis>
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Borkent
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23157ADFFAFAB369C8F12BA453D3A9A" box="[720,864,671,697]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFFAFAB369EC812CF44DF3BD7" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FFAFAB369EC812CF44DF3BD7" blockId="67.[151,1437,746,2015]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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DIAGNOSIS:
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369F0D12CF47883B20" box="[338,469,746,771]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Male adult</emphasis>
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: only extant species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFAFAB369CA412CF45DC3B20" box="[763,897,746,771]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369CA412CF45DC3B20" box="[763,897,746,771]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Corethrella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with a gonocoxite with 3 stout dorsomedial setae originating from a sclerotized plate and with the setae of the dorsal row all slender and not bent subapically (Fig. 85D).
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369F33131F44543B70" box="[364,521,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Female adult</emphasis>
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: only extant species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFAFAB369D7C131F45F73B70" box="[803,938,826,851]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369D7C131F45F73B70" box="[803,938,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Corethrella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the New World with a plain wing (Fig. 67H), a medium to dark brown katepisternum with the dorsal margin pale (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFAFAB369A4A134742DE3B5F" box="[1045,1155,866,892]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="348.[151,255,2015,2039]" captionTargetBox="[173,1407,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-29@348.[173,1413,197,1988]" captionTargetPageId="348" captionText="FIGURE 42. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 42A</figureCitation>
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), with nearly uniformly medium brown legs (with only the base of the midfemur slightly more pale in some specimens) and about the basal half of the hind femur pale and with the fore trochanter pale, contrasting with the dark base of the forefemur (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFAFAB369E8913FF47193BD7" box="[214,324,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="348.[151,255,2015,2039]" captionTargetBox="[173,1407,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-29@348.[173,1413,197,1988]" captionTargetPageId="348" captionText="FIGURE 42. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 42A</figureCitation>
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), all femora lacking scales.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFFAFAB319E991427478E3A39" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FFAFAB319E99142744383909" blockId="67.[151,1437,746,2015]" lastBlockId="68.[151,1436,152,1498]" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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DESCRIPTION:
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369FC5142744443C38" box="[410,537,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Male adult</emphasis>
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. Descriptive statistics: see
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<tableCitation id="C6F4037FFFAFAB369D08142745873C3F" box="[855,986,1026,1052]" captionStart-0="TABLE 2" captionStart-1="TABLE 3" captionStart-2="TABLE 4" captionStart-3="TABLE 5" captionStartId-0="269.[151,241,151,175]" captionStartId-1="271.[151,241,153,177]" captionStartId-2="273.[151,241,151,175]" captionStartId-3="275.[151,241,151,175]" captionText-0="TABLE 2. Length of wing of males of species of Corethrella. Values are in mm." captionText-1="TABLE 3. Ratio of foreleg tarsomeres 3/4 of males of species of Corethrella." captionText-2="TABLE 4. Ratio of distance of dorsomedial seta from the gonocoxite base/length of the gonocoxite of males of species" captionText-3="TABLE 5. Ratio of distance of subbasal seta from the gonostylus base/ length of the gonostylus of males of species of Corethrella." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Tables 2–5</tableCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369DB3142742723C3F" bold="true" box="[1004,1071,1026,1052]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Head</emphasis>
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: Outline in anterior view laterally elongate (as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFAFAB369FDA140F47BC3C67" box="[389,481,1066,1092]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="313.[151,255,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[177,1408,249,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-23@313.[177,1411,232,1956]" captionTargetPageId="313" captionText="FIGURE 7. Head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
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). Four large setae on frons between ventromedial area of ommatida (as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFAFAB369B32140F46963C4F" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="322.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,349,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-31@322.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="322" captionText="FIGURE 16. Dorsal portion of head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 16D</figureCitation>
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) Antenna uniformly brown; pedicel without distinctive, more elongate, stout, dorsal or dorsolateral setae; flagellomeres as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFAFAB369F21145F47B73CB7" box="[382,490,1146,1172]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="325.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[187,1410,248,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-20@325.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="325" captionText="FIGURE 19. Antennae of male Corethrella." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 19K</figureCitation>
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, sensilla coeloconica distributed as in
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<tableCitation id="C6F4037FFFAFAB369DEF145F42553CB7" box="[944,1032,1146,1172]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="265.[151,241,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Pattern of sensilla coeloconica (= s.c.) on antennal flagellomeres of species of Corethrella. Numbers refer to the flagellomere with sensilla coeloconica, with those in brackets referring to flagellomeres with or without sensilla coeloconica. Mis. (missing) refers to damaged specimens, unknown refers to missing stages, uncertain refers to specimens in which visibility was too poor to be certain of whether sensilla coeloconica were present or not. Those species names with a “†” are those of fossils. Corethrella librata, known only as immature stages, is not included." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Table 1</tableCitation>
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; flagellomere 13 with well-developed apical bifurcation. Palpus brown; segment 3 slightly ovoid.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369D9A1487427F3C9F" bold="true" box="[965,1058,1186,1212]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Thorax</emphasis>
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(as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFAFAB369A25148742B63C9F" box="[1146,1259,1186,1212]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="348.[151,255,2015,2039]" captionTargetBox="[173,1407,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-29@348.[173,1413,197,1988]" captionTargetPageId="348" captionText="FIGURE 42. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 42A</figureCitation>
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): Scutum light brown with darker lateral patch, pleuron mostly pale with postpronotum light brown to nearly completely darkly pigmented, with ventral portion of katepisternum, dorsal portion of anterior anepisternum, all of posterior anepisternum more darkly pigmented, anepimeron with to dark brown pigmentation. Posterior portion of dorsocentral row with 2 elongate setae situated somewhat lateral to one another. Prescutal suture short, not extending more than half way to dorsocentral row of setae. Anterior anepisternum divided diagonally by sinuous suture, dorsal portion about equal to ventral portion. Ventral portion of posterior anepisternum triangular, uniformly brown, with anterodorsal margin thick.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369D72159F452C3DF7" bold="true" box="[813,881,1466,1492]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Wing</emphasis>
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(Fig. 61L): Apex of R
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<subScript id="17F23481FFAFAB369ACD15EF42C73DFB" attach="left" box="[1170,1178,1482,1496]" fontSize="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">2</subScript>
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equal to apex of M
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<subScript id="17F23481FFAFAB369BD315EF43C93DFB" attach="left" box="[1420,1428,1482,1496]" fontSize="6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">1</subScript>
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. Plain, without pattern of pigmented veins and/or scales; veins (other than costa and wing margin) with welldeveloped scales. Halter dark brown, equal to scutellum.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369D0C162845D03E04" bold="true" box="[851,909,1549,1575]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Legs</emphasis>
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(as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFAFAB369DBE1628420D3E04" box="[993,1104,1549,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="348.[151,255,2015,2039]" captionTargetBox="[173,1407,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-29@348.[173,1413,197,1988]" captionTargetPageId="348" captionText="FIGURE 42. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 42A</figureCitation>
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): Nearly uniformly medium brown legs with base of midfemur slightly more pale, about basal half of hind femur pale. With only slender setae, lacking scales (except for some in patch of whip-like setae on posterior portion of hind tibia). Midleg with thick, subapical setae on each of at least tarsomeres 1–3. Apex of foreleg fifth tarsomeres undivided, with claws apical. Apex of midleg fifth tarsomeres bilobed in dorsoventral view, with claws subapical. Elongate claw of foreleg shorter than that of midleg, both longer than those of hind leg. Each claw without inner tooth. Anterior claws of each leg without a basal prong. Foreleg claws unequal. Midleg claws unequal. Foreleg third tarsomere longer than fourth tarsomere. Empodia slender.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369DB1170042353F1C" bold="true" box="[1006,1128,1829,1855]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Abdomen</emphasis>
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(Fig. 76L): Segments 1–7 medium brown, segment 8 pale, lateral portions of tergite 9 medium brown (pale medially).
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFAFAB369AB7176843063F44" bold="true" box="[1256,1371,1869,1895]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Genitalia</emphasis>
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(Fig. 85D): Gonocoxite uniformly pale or light brown, tapering; anteromedial area with spicules similar in length to those elsewhere on gonocoxite; with well-defined dorsal row of setae, all slender, with row restricted to dorsal portion of gonocoxite. With three dorsomedial stout setae, tapering from base, similar in size and length, bases joined by sclerotized plate. Gonostylus (in retracted position) slightly curved subapically, thicker for basal third and apical 1/4, rounded apically; one elongate, thick subbasal setae, situated posteroventrally; apical seta moderately thick, elongate, simple. Aedeagus slender, tapering gradually to apex, pointed apically, with lateral margins fused at very apex.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FFA8AB319E99111D432339D1" blockId="68.[151,1436,152,1498]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319E99111D47393972" box="[198,356,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Female adult</emphasis>
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. Descriptive statistics: see
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<tableCitation id="C6F4037FFFA8AB319CEB111D451A3971" box="[692,839,312,338]" captionStart-0="TABLE 6" captionStart-1="TABLE 7" captionStart-2="TABLE 8" captionStart-3="TABLE 9" captionStart-4="TABLE 10" captionStart-5="TABLE 11" captionStartId-0="277.[151,241,153,177]" captionStartId-1="280.[151,241,153,177]" captionStartId-2="283.[151,241,153,177]" captionStartId-3="286.[151,241,151,175]" captionStartId-4="289.[151,239,153,177]" captionStartId-5="292.[151,241,153,177]" captionText-0="TABLE 6. Length of wing of females of species of Corethrella. Values are in mm." captionText-1="TABLE 7. Ratio of length of R1/wing length of females of species of Corethrella." captionText-2="TABLE 8. Ratio of head capsule width/height of females of species of Corethrella." captionText-3="TABLE 9. Number of setae on the clypeus of females of species of Corethrella. The number does not include those" captionText-4="TABLE 10. Number of posterior anepisternal setae of females of species of Corethrella." captionText-5="TABLE 11. Number of anepimeral setae of females of species of Corethrella." pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Tables 6–11</tableCitation>
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. As for male, with following differences.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319B0E111243C93972" bold="true" box="[1361,1428,311,337]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Head</emphasis>
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: Coronal suture elongate, extending ventrally past ommatida (as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFA8AB319DC2114542543959" box="[925,1033,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="322.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,349,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-31@322.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="322" captionText="FIGURE 16. Dorsal portion of head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view." pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 16D</figureCitation>
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). Antenna brown; with flagellomeres as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFA8AB319F4E11AD47223981" box="[273,383,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="333.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[187,1396,238,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-20@333.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="333" captionText="FIGURE 27. Antennae of female Corethrella." pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 27A</figureCitation>
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, sensilla coeloconica distributed as in
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<tableCitation id="C6F4037FFFA8AB319D1311AD45FB3981" box="[844,934,392,418]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="265.[151,241,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Pattern of sensilla coeloconica (= s.c.) on antennal flagellomeres of species of Corethrella. Numbers refer to the flagellomere with sensilla coeloconica, with those in brackets referring to flagellomeres with or without sensilla coeloconica. Mis. (missing) refers to damaged specimens, unknown refers to missing stages, uncertain refers to specimens in which visibility was too poor to be certain of whether sensilla coeloconica were present or not. Those species names with a “†” are those of fossils. Corethrella librata, known only as immature stages, is not included." pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Table 1</tableCitation>
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. Clypeus (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFA8AB319A6E11AD42C33981" box="[1073,1182,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="323.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[177,1408,258,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-28@323.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="323" captionText="FIGURE 17. Clypei of female Corethrella. Lateral setae, even if present, are not shown." pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 17Q</figureCitation>
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) squarish. Mandible with large, triangular teeth. Palpus as in
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<figureCitation id="134D2A41FFA8AB319C281195448039E9" box="[631,733,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="339.[151,255,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[238,1365,197,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-21@339.[177,1411,197,1921]" captionTargetPageId="339" captionText="FIGURE 33. Right palpi of female Corethrella." pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 33S</figureCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319CAE118A456839EA" bold="true" box="[753,821,431,457]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Wing</emphasis>
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(Fig. 67H).
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319D91118A425539EA" bold="true" box="[974,1032,431,457]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Legs</emphasis>
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: Claws of each leg equal to those of others; equal on each leg, simple (without inner teeth).
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319D1A11F245E239D2" bold="true" box="[837,959,471,497]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Segments uniformly medium brown.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FFA8AB319E991225478E3A39" blockId="68.[151,1436,152,1498]" box="[198,467,512,538]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319E991225471F3A3A" box="[198,322,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Immatures</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C654FFFA8AB319E99120D424C3BD9" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FFA8AB319E99120D45C43A99" blockId="68.[151,1436,152,1498]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION AND BIONOMICS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFA8AB319CF7120D45E03A62" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[680,957,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319CF7120D45E03A62" box="[680,957,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Corethrella carariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from the western and eastern lowlands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FFA8AB319F78127547FA3A49" box="[295,423,592,618]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Fig. 119B) at altitudes ranging from
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B21FFA8AB319D3C127545933A49" box="[867,974,592,618]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">
|
||
0–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFFA8AB319DDD127545933A49" box="[898,974,592,618]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="generic">100 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Specimens have been collected with a Malaise trap (male) and a frog-call trap. The serrate mandibles of the female adults and their attraction to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFA8AB319EC8128547643A9A" authorityName="Le Conte" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,313,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gratiosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319EC8128547643A9A" box="[151,313,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Hyla gratiosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
calls suggest that they feed on frog blood in nature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FFA8AB319E9912ED424C3BD9" blockId="68.[151,1436,152,1498]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION: Males and females are tentatively associated. They share a similar pigmentation pattern and are the only members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFA8AB319CB112D545383B2A" authorityName=": Lane" authorityYear="1942" box="[750,869,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peruviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319CB112D545383B2A" box="[750,869,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">peruviana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group, other than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFA8AB319AC512D5430F3B2A" box="[1178,1362,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manaosensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319AC512D5430F3B2A" box="[1178,1362,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">C. manaosensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FFA8AB319EC8133D46BE3B11" box="[151,227,792,818]" name="Brazil" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
), in which the legs do not have well-developed scales. The adult thoracic pigmentation of the females is strikingly variable, ranging from most pleural sclerites quite pale to dark brown, with the specimens from western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FFA8AB319EA3134D47203BA1" box="[252,381,872,898]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
being lighter than those from the east coast (Hitoy Cerere). Degree of pigmentation is generally only slightly variable in other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFA8AB319CB613B545323B8A" box="[745,879,912,937]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319CB613B545323B8A" box="[745,879,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suggesting the presence of more than one species here. However, I could find no other differences and the specimens from Hitoy Cerere showed significant variation within one sample (with the anepimeron light to dark brown).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C654FFFA8AB319E99142D47DF3DF9" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FFA8AB319E99142D46A03D41" blockId="68.[151,1436,152,1498]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
TYPES:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FFA8AB319F19142D47EB3C01" box="[326,438,1032,1058]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, male adult on microscope slide, labeled "
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FFA8AB319D8A142D42293C01" box="[981,1140,1032,1058]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFA8AB319ADC142D46A63C69" authority="Borkent" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319ADC142D43C13C02" box="[1155,1436,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Corethrella carariensis</emphasis>
|
||
Borkent
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FFA8AB319F44141547FD3C69" box="[283,416,1072,1098]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Prov.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B2F826FFA8AB319FAF141544273C69" box="[496,634,1072,1098]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
|
||
, R. Priv. Nosara, Desemboc, Rio Nosara,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B21FFA8AB319A3B141542EC3C69" box="[1124,1201,1072,1098]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="0.0">
|
||
0–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFFA8AB319ADD141542EC3C69" box="[1154,1201,1072,1098]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="generic">5 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<date id="FFC81004FFA8AB319AE31415432B3C69" box="[1212,1398,1072,1098]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="2004-06-13" valueMax="2004-06-17" valueMin="2004-06-13">13–17-VI-2004</date>
|
||
. B. Gamboa, D. Briceno, M. Moraga, Y. Cardenas, Malaise, L.N. 217060 352800, #77439" (INBC).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FFA8AB319B71147D43C53CB9" collectingDate="1993-07-20" collectionCode="CNCI" collectorName="A. Borkent" country="Costa Rica" location="Tarcoles" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FFA8AB319B71147D43CA3C51" box="[1326,1431,1112,1138]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, female adult on microscope slide,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B21FFA8AB319C0E14A544C83CB9" box="[593,661,1152,1178]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
NE
|
||
<location id="8EA9601FFFA8AB319C8414A5451E3CB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87D2FFAFAB319EC812BA47DF3DF9:8EA9601FFFA8AB319C8414A5451E3CB9" box="[731,835,1152,1178]" country="Costa Rica" name="Tarcoles" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Tárcoles</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FFA8AB319D0814A545BF3CB9" box="[855,994,1152,1178]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC81004FFA8AB319DA914A542D03CB9" box="[1014,1165,1152,1178]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1993-07-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8CE9ECFFA8AB319DA914A542D03CB9" box="[1014,1165,1152,1178]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1993-07-20">20-VII-1993</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26835312FFA8AB319AFE14A543763CB9" box="[1185,1323,1152,1178]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">A. Borkent</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FFA8AB319B1C14A543D23CB9" box="[1347,1423,1152,1178]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">CNCI</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FFA8AB319EC8148D47533CE1" box="[151,270,1192,1218]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FFA8AB319F47148D451C3CE1" box="[280,833,1192,1218]" collectionCode="INBC, CNCI" country="Costa Rica" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFFA8AB319F47148D47633C98" box="[280,318,1192,1218]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FFA8AB319FD1148D47B13CE1" box="[398,492,1192,1218]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FFA8AB319C25148D44993CE1" box="[634,708,1192,1218]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y350-djvc" name="Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio)" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">INBC</collectionCode>
|
||
; 2,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FFA8AB319CB2148D45653CE1" box="[749,824,1192,1218]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">CNCI</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FFA8AB319D12148D433F3CE1" box="[845,1378,1192,1218]" collectingDate="1993-09-02" collectionCode="CNCI" country="Costa Rica" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFFA8AB319D12148D45293C98" box="[845,884,1192,1218]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
from type locality but
|
||
<date id="FFC81004FFA8AB319ADD148D42A33CE1" box="[1154,1278,1192,1218]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1993-09-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8CE9ECFFA8AB319ADD148D42A33CE1" box="[1154,1278,1192,1218]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1993-09-02">2-IX-1993</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FFA8AB319B52148D43043CE1" box="[1293,1369,1192,1218]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">CNCI</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FFA8AB319B31148D45BF3CC9" collectingDate="1993-11-17" collectionCode="CNCI" country="Costa Rica" location="Manuel Antonio National Park" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFFA8AB319B31148D43C83C98" box="[1390,1429,1192,1218]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EA9601FFFA8AB319EC814F544743CC9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87D2FFAFAB319EC812BA47DF3DF9:8EA9601FFFA8AB319EC814F544743CC9" box="[151,553,1232,1258]" country="Costa Rica" name="Manuel Antonio National Park" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Manuel Antonio National Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FFA8AB319C1F14F5448D3CC9" box="[576,720,1232,1258]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC81004FFA8AB319CB814F5452F3CC9" box="[743,882,1232,1258]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1993-11-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8CE9ECFFA8AB319CB814F5452F3CC9" box="[743,882,1232,1258]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1993-11-17">17-XI-1993</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FFA8AB319DD114F545873CC9" box="[910,986,1232,1258]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">CNCI</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FFA8AB319DA514F5458C3D31" collectingDate="2001-03-04" collectionCode="INBC" collectorName="J. V. Dahlem" country="Costa Rica" latitude="8.685" location="Punta Marenco" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-83.708885" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Puntarenas" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFFA8AB319DA514F542713CC0" box="[1018,1068,1232,1258]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EA9601FFFA8AB319A1814F543553CC9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87D2FFAFAB319EC812BA47DF3DF9:8EA9601FFFA8AB319A1814F543553CC9" box="[1095,1288,1232,1258]" country="Costa Rica" latitude="8.685" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-83.708885" name="Punta Marenco" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" stateProvince="Puntarenas">Punta Marenco</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE425003FFA8AB319B7E14F543C13CC9" box="[1313,1436,1232,1258]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="15" seconds="06" value="8.685">8°41'06"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE425003FFA8AB319EC814DD477A3D31" box="[151,295,1272,1298]" degrees="83" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="15" seconds="32" value="-83.708885">83°42'32"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B2F826FFA8AB319F6B14DD47E53D31" box="[308,440,1272,1298]" country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FFA8AB319F9B14DD441A3D31" box="[452,583,1272,1298]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC81004FFA8AB319C0C14DD448D3D31" box="[595,720,1272,1298]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="2001-03-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8CE9ECFFA8AB319C0C14DD448D3D31" box="[595,720,1272,1298]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="2001-03-04">4-III-2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26835312FFA8AB319C8314DD45303D31" box="[732,877,1272,1298]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">J.V. Dahlem</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FFA8AB319D2214DD45943D31" box="[893,969,1272,1298]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y350-djvc" name="Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio)" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">INBC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FFA8AB319D8114DD46A43D41" collectingDate="2003-10-11" collectionCode="CNCI, INBC, USNM" country="Costa Rica" elevation="100" latitude="9.671667" location="Hitoy Cerere Biological Reserve" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-83.02" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="8" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFFA8AB319D8114DD42593D28" box="[990,1028,1272,1298]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="female">8 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EA9601FFFA8AB319A4B14DD43CA3D31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87D2FFAFAB319EC812BA47DF3DF9:8EA9601FFFA8AB319A4B14DD43CA3D31" box="[1044,1431,1272,1298]" country="Costa Rica" latitude="9.671667" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-83.02" name="Hitoy Cerere Biological Reserve" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Hitoy Cerere Biological Reserve</location>
|
||
, nr. administration building (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE425003FFA8AB319FB0150544343D19" box="[495,617,1312,1338]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="40.30" orientation="latitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="9" value="9.671667">9°40.30'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE425003FFA8AB319C281505455A3D19" box="[631,775,1312,1338]" degrees="83" direction="west" minutes="01.20" orientation="longitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="9" value="-83.02">83°01.20'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FFA8AB319D42150545FF3D19" box="[797,930,1312,1338]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B21FFA8AB319DEF150545A33D19" box="[944,1022,1312,1338]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="100.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005BD1F7FFA8AB319DEF150545A33D19" box="[944,1022,1312,1338]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC81004FFA8AB319A52150542D13D19" box="[1037,1164,1312,1338]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="2003-10-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8CE9ECFFA8AB319A52150542D13D19" box="[1037,1164,1312,1338]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="2003-10-11">11-X-2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(6,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FFA8AB319AE0150543543D19" box="[1215,1289,1312,1338]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rzcb-tdp2" name="Canadian National Collection Insects" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">CNCI</collectionCode>
|
||
; 1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FFA8AB319B69150543DD3D19" box="[1334,1408,1312,1338]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y350-djvc" name="Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio)" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">INBC</collectionCode>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FFA8AB319EC8156D46AC3D41" box="[151,241,1352,1378]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FFA8AB319E99155547DF3DF9" blockId="68.[151,1436,152,1498]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
DERIVATION OF SPECIFIC EPITHET: The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFA8AB319D1D1555459B3DAA" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[834,966,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319D1D1555459B3DAA" box="[834,966,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">carariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the collecting site of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FFA8AB319B39155546973D91" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in Carara National Park, where the author spent many wonderful hours collecting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFA8AB319AC115BD43783D92" box="[1182,1317,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FFA8AB319AC115BD43783D92" box="[1182,1317,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FFA8AB319EC815E546B23DF9" baseAuthorityName="McAlpine" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[151,239,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 1993–94.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |