271 lines
28 KiB
XML
271 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="80E9B90394FF513B9763CECADA58BB7B">The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F62FFE3F2B80D62E359306B099789C6D">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1FA0A0E03FE049C195A6F7A1F7CF297E">2008-06-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="93F79AD2E4CFB3E5A788E9FEAC9BFF47">1804</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF29ABB09EC812BF45CB3A97" box="[151,918,666,692]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09EC812BF45CB3A97" blockId="197.[151,918,666,692]" box="[151,918,666,692]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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<heading id="D08181A8FF29ABB09EC812BF45CB3A97" bold="true" box="[151,918,666,692]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09EC812BF45CB3A97" ID-CoL="8BL6G" authority="Belkin, Heinemann, and Page" authorityName="Belkin, Heinemann, and Page" box="[151,918,666,692]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="librata" subGenus="Corethrella">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09EC812BF45CB3A97" bold="true" box="[151,918,666,692]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09EC812BF477C3A97" bold="true" box="[151,289,666,692]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Corethrella</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09F6D12BF47E13A97" bold="true" box="[306,444,666,692]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Corethrella</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09F9112BF44403A97" bold="true" box="[462,541,666,692]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">librata</emphasis>
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Belkin, Heinemann, and Page
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF29ABB09EC812C0446A3B3F" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09EC812C043C63ADF" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" box="[151,1435,741,764]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD710D5FF29ABB09EC812C045443ADF" author="Belkin, J. N. & Heinemann, S. J. & Page, W. A." box="[151,793,741,764]" page="246" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" year="1970">
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09EC812C045443ADF" ID-CoL="8BL6G" authority="Belkin, Heinemann, and Page 1970: 246" authorityName="Belkin, Heinemann, and Page" authorityPageNumber="246" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,793,741,764]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="librata">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09EC812C0473F3ADF" box="[151,354,741,764]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Corethrella librata</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FF29ABB09F3612C045443ADF" box="[361,793,741,764]" country="Jamaica" location="Petersville" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Westmoreland">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B35FF29ABB09F3612C045443ADF" author="Belkin, J. N. & Heinemann, S. J. & Page, W. A." box="[361,793,741,764]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 458" refId="ref235774" refString="Belkin, J. N., Heinemann, S. J. & Page, W. A. (1970) The Culicidae of Jamaica (Mosquito Studies. XXI). Contribution of the American Entomological Institute, 6 (1), 1 - 458." type="journal article" year="1970">Belkin, Heinemann, and Page 1970:246</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF29ABB09D7B12C045043ADF" box="[804,857,741,764]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality:
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||
<location id="8EA9601FFF29ABB09D9F12C0426D3ADF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87D2FF29ABB39EC812BF453E3AAC:8EA9601FFF29ABB09D9F12C0426D3ADF" box="[960,1072,741,764]" country="Jamaica" name="Petersville" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" stateProvince="Westmoreland">Petersville</location>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="49B2F826FF29ABB09A6012C042823ADF" box="[1087,1247,741,764]" country="Jamaica" name="Westmoreland" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Westmoreland</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F3617654FF29ABB09AAD12C043163ADF" box="[1266,1355,741,764]" name="Jamaica" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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||
. Holo-
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E981320446A3B3F" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" box="[199,567,773,796]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FF29ABB09E98132044693B3F" box="[199,564,773,796]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF29ABB09E98132046A83B3F" box="[199,245,773,796]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">type</typeStatus>
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male pupal exuviae (
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<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FF29ABB09F86132044713B3F" box="[473,556,773,796]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF29ABB09EC8130043373B44" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09EC8130043373B44" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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DIAGNOSIS:
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09F0E130044303B1D" box="[337,621,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Male and female adults</emphasis>
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: unknown.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09D58130045123B1D" box="[775,847,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Pupa:</emphasis>
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only extant species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09A35130042AC3B1D" box="[1130,1265,805,830]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09A35130042AC3B1D" box="[1130,1265,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Corethrella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
from
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<collectingCountry id="F3617654FF29ABB09B62130043C63B1C" box="[1341,1435,805,831]" name="Jamaica" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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with elongate paddles and without elongate lateral setae on each of abdominal segments 5–7 (Fig. 112A).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF29ABB09E99135047DA3C5C" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E99135045693BAC" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" box="[198,820,885,911]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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DESCRIPTION:
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09FC5135044FF3BAD" box="[410,674,885,910]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Male and female adult</emphasis>
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. Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E9913B847F73C0C" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09E9913B847593B95" box="[198,260,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Pupa</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09F4613B8472B3B94" bold="true" box="[281,374,925,951]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Thorax</emphasis>
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||
: Scutum, metathorax each with spherical sensory pit (as in Fig. 100A). Respiratory organ (Fig. 103L): Tubular, with apical portion somewhat flattened.
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09DCB13E042533BFC" bold="true" box="[916,1038,965,991]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Abdomen</emphasis>
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(Fig. 112A): Segments 3–7 not expanded laterally. Paddle only moderately elongate; apicodorsal thick spine articulating; apicoventral seta longer than thick spine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E99141844ED3C74" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" box="[198,688,1085,1111]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09E99141847513C75" box="[198,268,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Larva</emphasis>
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||
. Described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B35FF29ABB09F9A141844F13C74" author="Belkin, J. N. & Heinemann, S. J. & Page, W. A." box="[453,684,1085,1111]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 458" refId="ref235774" refString="Belkin, J. N., Heinemann, S. J. & Page, W. A. (1970) The Culicidae of Jamaica (Mosquito Studies. XXI). Contribution of the American Entomological Institute, 6 (1), 1 - 458." type="journal article" year="1970">Belkin et al. (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E99144047DA3C5C" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" box="[198,391,1125,1151]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09E99144046A83C5D" box="[198,245,1125,1150]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Egg</emphasis>
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. Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF29ABB09E9914A842933E14" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E9914A8470B3D3C" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FF29ABB09E9914A8470F3D3C" country="Jamaica" county="Belkin" elevation="225" location="The" municipality="These" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" specimenCount="225">
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DISTRIBUTION AND BIONOMICS:
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09CE914A845C73C85" box="[694,922,1165,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="librata">
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<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09CE914A845C73C85" box="[694,922,1165,1190]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Corethrella librata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known only from the
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<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF29ABB09ABF14A8434F3C84" box="[1248,1298,1165,1191]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in
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<collectingCountry id="F3617654FF29ABB09EC8149046A83CEC" box="[151,245,1205,1231]" name="Jamaica" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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at an altitude of ranging from
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<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF29ABB09C06149044F63CEC" box="[601,683,1205,1231]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B21FF29ABB09C06149044FB3CEC" box="[601,678,1205,1231]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" unit="m" value="225.0">
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||
<elevation id="005BD1F7FF29ABB09C06149044FB3CEC" box="[601,678,1205,1231]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" unit="m" value="225.0">225 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
.
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||
</specimenCount>
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||
<location id="8EA9601FFF29ABB09CE7149044BB3CEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87D2FF29ABB39EC812BF453E3AAC:8EA9601FFF29ABB09CE7149044BB3CEC" box="[696,742,1205,1231]" country="Jamaica" county="Belkin" municipality="These" name="The" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">The</location>
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||
pupal exuviae and whole larva were collected from a small pond in a grazing area.
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BADACBEFF29ABB09FF014F847A83CD4" box="[431,501,1245,1271]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">These</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
specimens from the
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||
<collectingCounty id="62A84E48FF29ABB09CB814F845683CD4" box="[743,821,1245,1271]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Belkin</collectingCounty>
|
||
“Mosquitoes of Middle America” project are identified in
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||
<tableCitation id="C6F4037FFF29ABB09EB51520470F3D3C" box="[234,338,1285,1311]" captionStart="TABLE 12" captionStartId="295.[151,241,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 12. The identity of specimens of species of Corethrella previously studied by Belkin and his associates for the “Mosquitoes of Middle America” project included in the current study. Abbreviations and collection numbers are provided in (Belkin and Heinemann 1973, 1975a, 1975b, 1976a, 1976b, 1976c; Heinemann and Belkin 1977a, 1977b, 1977c, 1978a, 1978b, 1978c, 1979; Belkin et al. 1970; Heinemann et al. 1980)." pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Table 12</tableCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E99150842093DC4" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION: Because
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09CEC1508457A3D65" box="[691,807,1325,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="librata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09CEC1508457A3D65" box="[691,807,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">C. librata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from a pupal exuviae and tentatively associated whole larva, it cannot be interpreted taxonomically at the present time. When more species of Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09F75155847EF3DB5" box="[298,434,1405,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09F75155847EF3DB5" box="[298,434,1405,1430]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been reared and the immature stages studied, it will be possible to know if
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09BDE155846BA3D9D" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="librata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09BDE155846BA3D9D" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">C. librata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a valid name. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF29ABB09FAE1580440A3D9C" box="[497,599,1445,1471]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is in excellent condition on a slide. A full locality label was added. I did not examine the whole larva associated with this pupa by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B35FF29ABB09D3715E8420D3DC4" author="Belkin, J. N. & Heinemann, S. J. & Page, W. A." box="[872,1104,1485,1511]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 458" refId="ref235774" refString="Belkin, J. N., Heinemann, S. J. & Page, W. A. (1970) The Culicidae of Jamaica (Mosquito Studies. XXI). Contribution of the American Entomological Institute, 6 (1), 1 - 458." type="journal article" year="1970">Belkin et al. (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E9915D042933E14" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
The pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09F0215D0478D3E2D" box="[349,464,1525,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="librata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09F0215D0478D3E2D" box="[349,464,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">C. librata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09C9E15D045343E2D" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[705,873,1525,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicosimoae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09C9E15D045343E2D" box="[705,873,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">C. dicosimoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the interpretation of this must await further study of the pupae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09FCA163844463E15" box="[405,539,1565,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09FCA163844463E15" box="[405,539,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B35FF29ABB09C6D163844803E14" author="Reinert, J. F." box="[562,733,1565,1591]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" pagination="77 - 83" refId="ref242210" refString="Reinert, J. F. (1999) The dorsal apotome of the pupae and fourth-instar larvae of Culicidae (Ditpera), a structure of phylogenetic signficance. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 15, 77 - 83." type="journal article" year="1999">Reinert (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the dorsal apotome of the pupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF29ABB09E99166045A63F6C" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E991660475A3EDC" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E3C99FF29ABB09E991660475A3EDC" collectingDate="1965-09-11" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. N. Belkin & W. A. Page" country="Jamaica" elevation="225" location="Petersville" municipality="Whitehouse" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Westmoreland" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MATERIAL EXAMINED:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF29ABB09C40166044D23E7C" box="[543,655,1605,1631]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, male pupal exuviae on microscope slide, labeled “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD8866FF29ABB09AA1166043C13E7C" box="[1278,1436,1605,1631]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09EC8164847F43EA5" box="[151,425,1645,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="librata" subGenus="Corethrella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09EC8164847F43EA5" box="[151,425,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Corethrella (C.) librata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
B., H.& P., 1970", ”Drawing NM Whole”, “JA361-3-65,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FF29ABB09A15164842F53EA4" box="[1098,1192,1645,1671]" name="Jamaica" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
Mosq. Mid. Amer.”, “
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF29ABB09EFB16BD46E93E8B" box="[164,180,1688,1704]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
”, “librata B. H. & P. UCLA-ZOOL”, “UNIV. CALIF. LOS ANGELES ZOOLOGY-ENT”, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3617654FF29ABB09B6B16B043C53E8C" box="[1332,1432,1685,1711]" name="Jamaica" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B2F826FF29ABB09EC81698471E3EF4" box="[151,323,1725,1751]" country="Jamaica" name="Westmoreland" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Westmoreland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BADACBEFF29ABB09F0F169847823EF4" box="[336,479,1725,1751]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">Whitehouse</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EA9601FFF29ABB09FB2169844363EF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87D2FF29ABB39EC812BF453E3AAC:8EA9601FFF29ABB09FB2169844363EF4" box="[493,619,1725,1751]" country="Jamaica" municipality="Whitehouse" name="Petersville" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" stateProvince="Westmoreland">Petersville</location>
|
||
, behind postal agency,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E9B21FF29ABB09DDD1698458D3EF4" box="[898,976,1725,1751]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" unit="m" value="225.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005BD1F7FF29ABB09DDD1698458D3EF4" box="[898,976,1725,1751]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" unit="m" value="225.0">225 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC81004FF29ABB09D80169842363EF4" box="[991,1131,1725,1751]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" value="1965-09-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8CE9ECFF29ABB09D80169842363EF4" box="[991,1131,1725,1751]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" value="1965-09-11">11-IX-1965</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26835312FF29ABB09A261698435F3EF4" box="[1145,1282,1725,1751]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">J.N. Belkin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26835312FF29ABB09B4F169843CF3EF4" box="[1296,1426,1725,1751]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">W.A. Page</collectorName>
|
||
” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED67AE01FF29ABB09EC016C046A73EDC" box="[159,250,1765,1791]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF29ABB09E99172845A63F6C" blockId="197.[151,1436,741,1871]" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">
|
||
DERIVATION OF SPECIFIC EPITHET: The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF29ABB09D6F172845DD3F05" box="[816,896,1805,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="197" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="librata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF29ABB09D6F172845DD3F05" box="[816,896,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="198">librata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(freed, escaped) perhaps refers to the missing adult which might otherwise have been associated with the pupal exuviae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C654FFF2AABB39EC810B2453E3AAC" pageId="198" pageNumber="199" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF2AABB39EC810B2449C3897" blockId="198.[151,705,151,180]" box="[151,705,151,180]" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF2AABB39EC810B2449C3897" bold="true" box="[151,705,151,180]" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">DESCRIPTIONS OF FOSSIL SPECIES</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF2AABB39EC810C042D63904" blockId="198.[151,1436,229,655]" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">
|
||
Six of the seven named fossil species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF2AABB39CCF10C0454938DC" box="[656,788,229,255]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="198" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Corethrella</taxonomicName>
|
||
are at least partially redescribed below. The recently described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF2AABB39F51112847FB3905" box="[270,422,269,294]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="198" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF2AABB39F51112847FB3905" box="[270,422,269,294]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">C. andersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was unfortunately unavailable for study (Poinar, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF2AABB39E99111047A53A34" blockId="198.[151,1436,229,655]" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">
|
||
In addition to the material described below, I also examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D70FD4DFF2AABB39DD211104248396C" box="[909,1045,309,335]" pageId="198" pageNumber="199" type="female">four female</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF2AABB39A43111042FE396D" box="[1052,1187,309,334]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="198" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF2AABB39A43111042FE396D" box="[1052,1187,309,334]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Dominican amber from the AMNH (DR-8-103, DR-13, DR-14-720, DR-14-999) but was unable to interpret these phylogenetically, in part because of a lack of any distinctive features and in part because of awkward positions in the amber (see further discussion under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF2AABB39C1B1188448F39E5" box="[580,722,429,454]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="198" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudistyla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF2AABB39C1B1188448F39E5" box="[580,722,429,454]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">C. nudistyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). One of these (DR-14-999), had a bloated abdomen, likely indicating the presence of a recent bloodmeal on a frog but also possibly nectar (although flower visitation has never been seen in the genus).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936C4FF2AABB39E8F1200453E3AAC" blockId="198.[151,1436,229,655]" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">
|
||
All fossil specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF2AABB39FB31200442F3A1D" box="[492,626,549,574]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="198" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAD6FF2AABB39FB31200442F3A1D" box="[492,626,549,574]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="199">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, typical of most nematocerous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D47FF2AABB39DB2120042183A1C" baseAuthorityName="McAlpine" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1005,1093,549,575]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="198" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
in amber, lack pigmentation patterns and are uniformly brown. This is likely, at least for most species, due to modification in the amber. As such, the descriptions below do not refer to pigmentation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |