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<mods:title id="44EA2F409BE28368194B30F266687CA2">Preliminary re-examination of genus-level taxonomy of the pollen beetle subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A5AB9D4AFB93CB64A9642C29D3B27D7C">Cline, Andrew Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="955206A2A1D2365C9BF461833A9C3AB9">Biase, Alessio De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="78F14D31B84BD0FA65E18F0F469C9A49">Trizzino, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2DD3F3D7079CC2F0979A87DEC539AD59">Strika, Sirio</mods:namePart>
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26. 
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="B963EAC8F634FFDABB9CFB58FF5AFB05" box="[151,239,1196,1214]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="435">Anthystrix</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF634FFDABBFFFB5FFE04FB05" author="KIREJTSHUK A. G." box="[244,433,1195,1214]" pageId="94" pageNumber="435" pagination="133 - 135" refId="ref88955" refString="KIREJTSHUK A. G. 1981: Novyy rod zhukov podesem. Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) iz Yuzhnoy Afriki. [A new genus of the subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from South Africa]. Annales Historico- Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 73: 133 - 135 (in Russian, English abstract)." type="journal article" year="1981">Kirejtshuk, 1981: 133</bibRefCitation>
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species.
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Grouvelle, 1899: 146
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(by original designation) [= 
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(Grouvelle, 1899)
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].
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<emphasis id="B963EAC8F634FFDABB9CFAD1FD88FA86" bold="true" box="[151,573,1317,1342]" pageId="94" pageNumber="435">Generic redescription and diagnosis.</emphasis>
Inclusive species vary moderately in size (2.0– 
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length), and share the following combination of characters.
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<emphasis id="B963EAC8F634FFDABBBEFA93FE5EFAC5" box="[181,491,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="435">Body color and pubescence</emphasis>
: pubescence always long, golden to silvery-whitish and dense, recumbent, partially obscuring the predominantly dark brown dorsal body surface, not always obscuring the narrowly flattened and frequently pale pronotal and elytral sides (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF634FFDABB94FA32FF49FA65" box="[159,252,1478,1502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="94" pageNumber="435">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
); lateral margin of pronutum and elytra with a series of faintly distinct, small and short setae, each seta 0.3–0.5× as long as those on elytral disc; posterior margin of pronotum
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<superScript id="7C629B92F634FFDABB95F9E9FF1CF992" attach="left" box="[158,169,1565,1577]" fontSize="5" pageId="94" pageNumber="435">3)</superScript>
Recently examined material in NHMB collections (AUDISIO unpublished data).
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with relatively short, distally multifid microsetae, also present on middle portion anterior to scutellum (as in 
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).
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<emphasis id="B963EAC8F635FFDBBB9BFEE9FE99FE8F" box="[144,300,285,308]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Dorsal habitus</emphasis>
: body moderately convex, oval (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB98AFEEFFD6FFE88" box="[641,730,283,307]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB9EFFEEFFCF0FE88" box="[740,837,283,307]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStartId-0="8.[151,182,1492,1512]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,182,1409,1429]" captionStartId-2="14.[151,182,1463,1483]" captionStartId-3="18.[151,182,1492,1512]" captionStartId-4="20.[151,182,1504,1524]" captionTargetBox-0="[190,1087,416,1468]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1126,223,1351]" captionTargetBox-2="[188,1090,380,1436]" captionTargetBox-3="[168,1109,431,1469]" captionTargetBox-4="[178,1099,473,1468]" captionTargetId-0="figure-10@8.[189,1088,415,1468]" captionTargetId-1="figure-10@12.[151,1127,217,1351]" captionTargetId-2="figure-10@14.[187,1091,380,1437]" captionTargetId-3="figure-10@18.[167,1109,431,1470]" captionTargetId-4="figure-10@20.[177,1100,461,1468]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionTargetPageId-4="20" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Acanthogethes Reitter, 1871: a–h – A. fuscus (Olivier, 1790). a – male habitus (length 3.5 mm); b – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; c – dorsal view of head; d – scutellum and microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; e – prosternal process and mesoventrite; f – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; g – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities; h – middle leg illustrating outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. b, c = 200 μm; Figs. d, e, f, g, h = 100 μm." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Asterogethes Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a – A. endroedyi (Kirejtshuk &amp; Audisio, 1995); b–d, f–n – A. arcuatus (Reitter, 1872); e – A. rufiventris (Reitter, 1872). a, b – male habitus (a – length 3.2 mm; b – length 2.4 mm); c – dorso-lateral view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – outline of male metafemur (length 0.5 mm); f – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities; g – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; h – middle leg with illustrating outer margin of mesotibia; k – antenna; m – pronotal setae and microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; n – prosternal process and mesoventrite. Scale bars: Figs. c, h, m, n = 20μm; Figs. d, f, g = 100 μm." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Odontholariopsis Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a, g – O. haagii (Reitter, 1872); b–f, h – O. nebulosus (Reitter, 1872). a – male habitus (length 2.6 mm); b – dorsal view of head; c – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; d – middle leg illustrating outer margin of mesotibia; e – scutellum and microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; f – prosternal process and mesoventrite; g – outline of male metafemur (length 0.5 mm); h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, f, h = 100 μm; Fig. d = 30 μm; Fig. e = 20 μm." captionText-3="Fig. 4. Lariopsis Kirejtshuk, 1989: a – L.vultuosus (Kirejtshuk &amp; Audisio, 1995); b–k – L. variabilis (Reitter, 1872). a – male habitus (length 3.3 mm); b, c – dorso-lateral view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – prosternal process and mesoventrite; f – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia; g – microsetae on middle posterior margin of pronotum; h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; k – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, d, e, h, k = 100 μm; Fig. f = 30 μm; Fig. g = 10 μm." captionText-4="Fig. 5. Neolariopsis Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a, c–h – N. cercoides (Reitter, 1872); b – N. thalycroides (Kirejtshuk &amp; Audisio, 1995). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.1 mm, b – length 2.1 mm); c – dorsal view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia; f – prosternal process and mesoventrite; g – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; h – antenna. Scale bars: Figs. c, d, f = 100 μm; Figs. e, h = 20 μm; Fig. g = 30 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319336" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319338" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319342" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319344" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319346" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5319336/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5319338/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5319342/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5319344/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5319346/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">
Figs. 
<quantity id="4CEF9B3FF635FFDBB816FEEFFCF0FE88" box="[797,837,283,307]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" metricValueMax="12.7" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="95" pageNumber="436" unit="in" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5</quantity>
</figureCitation>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF635FFDBB869FEE8FB80FE8F" author="AUDISIO P. &amp; CLINE A. R. &amp; LAMANNA F. &amp; TRIZZINO M. &amp; ANTONINI G. &amp; MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A." box="[866,1077,283,308]" pageId="95" pageNumber="436" pagination="998 - 1012" refId="ref83199" refString="AUDISIO P., CLINE A. R., LAMANNA F., TRIZZINO M., ANTONINI G., MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A. 2009 a: Revision of the Southern African Pollen Beetle Genus Anthystrix (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Meligethinae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 998 - 1012." type="journal article" year="2009">AUDISIO et al. 2009a</bibRefCitation>
); dorsal punctures on discal portion of pronotum as large as or larger than eye facet, moderately to deeply impressed (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBBA56FEAFFE09FEC8" box="[349,444,347,371]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
); anterior margin of clypeus medially truncate, simple, i.e. without small distinct medial bulge, and usually distinctly bordered (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB834FE8FFC2FFE28" box="[831,922,379,403]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
); circum-ocular furrows (occipital sulci) on head deeply impressed and complete (as in 
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB860FE6FFC77FE08" box="[875,962,411,435]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="100.[151,182,1428,1448]" captionTargetBox="[152,1126,223,1363]" captionTargetId="figure-10@100.[151,1128,219,1364]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="Fig. 27. Tarchonanthogethes Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a, c–i – T. rotundiclava (Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988); b – T.sp.; k – T. martini (Grouvelle, 1899). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.6 mm; b – length 2.0 mm); c–d – male genitalia (c – length 0. 43 mm; d – length 0.38 mm); e – major sclerites of male endophallus (length 0.20 mm); f – scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; g – ventral view of body; h – male antenna (length 0.65 mm); i – dorsal view of head; k – distal portion of ovipositor (length 0.4 mm). Scale bars: Figs. f, i = 100 μm; Fig. g = 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5363194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5363194/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 27i</figureCitation>
); eyes large and usually markedly projecting laterally (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB930FE4FFD2DFE68" box="[571,664,443,467]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
); posterior angles of pronotum distinct, blunt, obtuse, never directed posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB921FE2FFD32FE48" box="[554,647,475,499]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
); scutellum uniformly punctured on most of exposed portion (as in 
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBBA76FE0FFE61FDA8" box="[381,468,507,531]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="100.[151,182,1428,1448]" captionTargetBox="[152,1126,223,1363]" captionTargetId="figure-10@100.[151,1128,219,1364]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="Fig. 27. Tarchonanthogethes Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a, c–i – T. rotundiclava (Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988); b – T.sp.; k – T. martini (Grouvelle, 1899). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.6 mm; b – length 2.0 mm); c–d – male genitalia (c – length 0. 43 mm; d – length 0.38 mm); e – major sclerites of male endophallus (length 0.20 mm); f – scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; g – ventral view of body; h – male antenna (length 0.65 mm); i – dorsal view of head; k – distal portion of ovipositor (length 0.4 mm). Scale bars: Figs. f, i = 100 μm; Fig. g = 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5363194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5363194/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 27f</figureCitation>
); elytra with simple punctures, never transversely strigose; elytral humeral angle faintly distinct, widely obtuse, never protruding laterally (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB8DDFDEFFB81FD88" box="[982,1076,539,563]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
); elytral humeral striae indistinct; elytral pre-sutural striae faintly visible, originating at scutellar vertex or slightly posterior, terminating at elytral apex, and delimiting on each elytron a faintly distinct, flat, unraised sutural border, more distinct at distal fourth, narrower than proximal width of 3 
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antennomere; elytral apices truncately rounded in both sexes (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB87BFD6FFC7FFD08" box="[880,970,667,691]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
); pygidium partially exposed, moderately convex, apically rounded in both sexes (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB869FD4FFC0BFD68" box="[866,958,699,723]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF635FFDBBB9BFD29FCDBFB0F" blockId="95.[113,1089,219,1587]" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F635FFDBBB9BFD29FE86FD4F" box="[144,307,733,756]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Ventral habitus</emphasis>
: antennal furrows markedly delimited, moderately convergent posteriorly; mentum subpentagonal (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBBA97FD0FFDA9FCA8" box="[412,540,763,787]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Figs. 26e, h</figureCitation>
); prosternal antennal furrows on anterior margin of prosternum strongly delimited and raised, distinctly divergent posteriorly, never extending posteriorly to anterior margin of procoxal cavity (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB980FCCFFD5FFCE8" box="[651,746,827,851]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26h</figureCitation>
); prosternal process moderately wide, subapical portion 1.9–2.1× as wide as maximum width of 1 
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antennomere, apex usually bluntly rounded (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBBA2AFC8FFEC9FC28" box="[289,380,891,915]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26h</figureCitation>
); lateral borders of prosternal process delimiting shallowly impressed and faintly distinct furrows, never distally terminating over predistal lateral expansions (as in 
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBBB85FC4FFF5EFC6F" box="[142,235,955,980]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="100.[151,182,1428,1448]" captionTargetBox="[152,1126,223,1363]" captionTargetId="figure-10@100.[151,1128,219,1364]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="Fig. 27. Tarchonanthogethes Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a, c–i – T. rotundiclava (Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988); b – T.sp.; k – T. martini (Grouvelle, 1899). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.6 mm; b – length 2.0 mm); c–d – male genitalia (c – length 0. 43 mm; d – length 0.38 mm); e – major sclerites of male endophallus (length 0.20 mm); f – scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; g – ventral view of body; h – male antenna (length 0.65 mm); i – dorsal view of head; k – distal portion of ovipositor (length 0.4 mm). Scale bars: Figs. f, i = 100 μm; Fig. g = 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5363194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5363194/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">
Fig. 
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</figureCitation>
); posterior margin of mesoventrite simple, never medially incised; moderate to marked sexual dimorphism in impressions on metaventrite; first two visible abdominal ventrites simple in both sexes, without tufts of setae, caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities simple, subparallel and contiguous to posterior margin of metacoxal cavities, with moderately deep arched impression of outer ‘axillary’ line; ‘axillary’ space on first abdominal ventrite reduced, ‘axillary’ angle nearly right angled; strongly marked and deeply impressed arched impressions on basal portion of last visible abdominal ventrite, only partially covered by distal portion of penultimate visible abdominal ventrite (as in 
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB80EFB6FFCD7FB0F" box="[773,866,1179,1204]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="100.[151,182,1428,1448]" captionTargetBox="[152,1126,223,1363]" captionTargetId="figure-10@100.[151,1128,219,1364]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="Fig. 27. Tarchonanthogethes Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a, c–i – T. rotundiclava (Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988); b – T.sp.; k – T. martini (Grouvelle, 1899). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.6 mm; b – length 2.0 mm); c–d – male genitalia (c – length 0. 43 mm; d – length 0.38 mm); e – major sclerites of male endophallus (length 0.20 mm); f – scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; g – ventral view of body; h – male antenna (length 0.65 mm); i – dorsal view of head; k – distal portion of ovipositor (length 0.4 mm). Scale bars: Figs. f, i = 100 μm; Fig. g = 300 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5363194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5363194/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">
Fig. 
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</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF635FFE4BB9BFB49FDDBFE28" blockId="95.[113,1089,219,1587]" lastBlockId="96.[151,1127,219,403]" lastPageId="96" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F635FFDBBB9BFB49FEA7FB6F" box="[144,274,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Appendages</emphasis>
: male 1 
<superScript id="7C629B92F635FFDBBA6FFB4EFEDBFB72" attach="left" box="[356,366,1210,1225]" fontSize="6" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">st</superScript>
antennomere 0.8–1.0× as long as width of protibiae excluding distal teeth (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBBBB8FB2FFE86FB48" box="[179,307,1243,1267]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Figs. 26a, k</figureCitation>
); 3 
<superScript id="7C629B92F635FFDBBA5FFB2EFED4FB52" attach="left" box="[340,353,1242,1257]" fontSize="6" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">rd</superScript>
antennomere usually 2× as long as wide in both sexes, nearly as long as and slightly thinner than 2 
<superScript id="7C629B92F635FFDBBABAFB0EFE74FAB2" attach="right" box="[433,449,1274,1289]" fontSize="6" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">nd</superScript>
; 4 
<superScript id="7C629B92F635FFDBBAD5FB0EFE5FFAB2" attach="left" box="[478,490,1274,1289]" fontSize="6" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">th</superScript>
and 5 
<superScript id="7C629B92F635FFDBB924FB0EFD8EFAB2" attach="left" box="[559,571,1274,1289]" fontSize="6" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">th</superScript>
antennomeres subequal in females, moderately short and slightly longer than wide, but strongly modified in males when associated with antennal club (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBBA04FACFFED8FAE8" box="[271,365,1339,1363]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26k</figureCitation>
); male antennal club compact, comprising last 4 to 9 antennomeres, spectacular but apparently never allometric development (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB9DDFAAFFCE1FAC8" box="[726,852,1371,1395]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Figs. 26a, k</figureCitation>
), 3-jointed in females; labial palpi relatively short in both sexes (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB931FA8FFD2DFA28" box="[570,664,1403,1427]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26b</figureCitation>
), terminal segment 1.5–1.7× as long as wide; maxillary palpi relative long and slender in both sexes (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB81EFA6FFCC7FA08" box="[789,882,1435,1459]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26c</figureCitation>
), terminal segment 1.8–2.0× as long as wide; mandible mid-sized, moderately short, apex bifid, moderately acuminate, sexual dimorphism absent (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB913FA2FFDCDFA48" box="[536,632,1499,1523]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26d</figureCitation>
); tarsi of normal size and shape, 0.7–0.9× as long as corresponding tibiae (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBBAC5FA0FFD9EF9A8" box="[462,555,1531,1555]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
); tarsal claws simple, never toothed at base (as in 
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBBB7AF9EFFF79F988" box="[113,204,1563,1587]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="88.[150,181,1460,1480]" captionTargetBox="[200,1078,438,1444]" captionTargetId="figure-10@88.[199,1079,435,1445]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="Fig. 24. Chromogethes Kirejtshuk, 1989: a – C. formosus (Kirejtshuk, 1989); b–h – C. mastax (Audisio &amp; De Biase, 2004); k – C. splendidulus (Reitter, 1873). a – male habitus (length 2.0 mm); b, k – dorsal view of head; c – scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; f – tarsal claws of middle leg; g – outer margin of mesotibia; h – prosternal process and mesoventrite. Scale bars: Figs. b, d, e, g, k = 100 μm; Fig. c, f = 30 μm; Fig. h = 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5363190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5363190/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 24f</figureCitation>
); protibiae usually with reduced teeth on outer margins (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF635FFDBB83CF9EFFC23F988" box="[823,918,1563,1587]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="436">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
); lateral margin of meso- and metatibiae bearing a single and regular row of long, thin, yellowish pegs (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF60AFFE4BF30FF2FFF74FEA8" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
), without U-shaped sinuosity at distal third; meso- and metatibiae variably shaped, long and slender to wider and shorter, subtrapezoidal (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF60AFFE4B995FEEFFD4CFE88" box="[670,761,283,307]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">Fig. 26a</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF60AFFE4B808FEEFFCD3FE88" box="[771,870,283,307]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStartId-0="8.[151,182,1492,1512]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,182,1409,1429]" captionStartId-2="14.[151,182,1463,1483]" captionStartId-3="18.[151,182,1492,1512]" captionStartId-4="20.[151,182,1504,1524]" captionTargetBox-0="[190,1087,416,1468]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1126,223,1351]" captionTargetBox-2="[188,1090,380,1436]" captionTargetBox-3="[168,1109,431,1469]" captionTargetBox-4="[178,1099,473,1468]" captionTargetId-0="figure-10@8.[189,1088,415,1468]" captionTargetId-1="figure-10@12.[151,1127,217,1351]" captionTargetId-2="figure-10@14.[187,1091,380,1437]" captionTargetId-3="figure-10@18.[167,1109,431,1470]" captionTargetId-4="figure-10@20.[177,1100,461,1468]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionTargetPageId-4="20" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Acanthogethes Reitter, 1871: a–h – A. fuscus (Olivier, 1790). a – male habitus (length 3.5 mm); b – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; c – dorsal view of head; d – scutellum and microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; e – prosternal process and mesoventrite; f – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; g – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities; h – middle leg illustrating outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. b, c = 200 μm; Figs. d, e, f, g, h = 100 μm." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Asterogethes Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a – A. endroedyi (Kirejtshuk &amp; Audisio, 1995); b–d, f–n – A. arcuatus (Reitter, 1872); e – A. rufiventris (Reitter, 1872). a, b – male habitus (a – length 3.2 mm; b – length 2.4 mm); c – dorso-lateral view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – outline of male metafemur (length 0.5 mm); f – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities; g – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; h – middle leg with illustrating outer margin of mesotibia; k – antenna; m – pronotal setae and microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; n – prosternal process and mesoventrite. Scale bars: Figs. c, h, m, n = 20μm; Figs. d, f, g = 100 μm." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Odontholariopsis Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a, g – O. haagii (Reitter, 1872); b–f, h – O. nebulosus (Reitter, 1872). a – male habitus (length 2.6 mm); b – dorsal view of head; c – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; d – middle leg illustrating outer margin of mesotibia; e – scutellum and microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; f – prosternal process and mesoventrite; g – outline of male metafemur (length 0.5 mm); h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, f, h = 100 μm; Fig. d = 30 μm; Fig. e = 20 μm." captionText-3="Fig. 4. Lariopsis Kirejtshuk, 1989: a – L.vultuosus (Kirejtshuk &amp; Audisio, 1995); b–k – L. variabilis (Reitter, 1872). a – male habitus (length 3.3 mm); b, c – dorso-lateral view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – prosternal process and mesoventrite; f – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia; g – microsetae on middle posterior margin of pronotum; h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; k – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, d, e, h, k = 100 μm; Fig. f = 30 μm; Fig. g = 10 μm." captionText-4="Fig. 5. Neolariopsis Audisio &amp; Cline, gen. nov.: a, c–h – N. cercoides (Reitter, 1872); b – N. thalycroides (Kirejtshuk &amp; Audisio, 1995). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.1 mm, b – length 2.1 mm); c – dorsal view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia; f – prosternal process and mesoventrite; g – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; h – antenna. Scale bars: Figs. c, d, f = 100 μm; Figs. e, h = 20 μm; Fig. g = 30 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319336" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319338" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319342" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319344" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319346" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5319336/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5319338/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5319342/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5319344/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5319346/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">
Figs. 
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</figureCitation>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60AFFE4B88FFEE8FBEEFE8F" author="AUDISIO P. &amp; CLINE A. R. &amp; LAMANNA F. &amp; TRIZZINO M. &amp; ANTONINI G. &amp; MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A." box="[900,1115,283,308]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437" pagination="998 - 1012" refId="ref83199" refString="AUDISIO P., CLINE A. R., LAMANNA F., TRIZZINO M., ANTONINI G., MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A. 2009 a: Revision of the Southern African Pollen Beetle Genus Anthystrix (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Meligethinae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 998 - 1012." type="journal article" year="2009">AUDISIO et al. 2009a</bibRefCitation>
); sexual dimorphism variably developed in meso- and metatibiae (rarely protibiae); tarsal plates of prolegs more or less distinctly wider in males; posterior margin of metafemora simple in both sexes, without tubercles or projections.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF686652F60AFFE4BB9CFA41FE52F98F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="437" startId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" targetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" targetPageId="96">
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60AFFE4BB9CFA41FE52F98F" blockId="96.[151,1127,1461,1588]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BB9CFA41FF6DFA72" bold="true" box="[151,216,1461,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">Fig. 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60AFFE4BBD7FA43FE73FA72" authority="Kirejtshuk, 1981" authorityName="Kirejtshuk" authorityYear="1981" box="[220,454,1462,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BBD7FA43FE86FA72" box="[220,307,1463,1481]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">Anthystrix</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60AFFE4BA3CFA42FE73FA72" author="KIREJTSHUK A. G." box="[311,454,1462,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437" pagination="133 - 135" refId="ref88955" refString="KIREJTSHUK A. G. 1981: Novyy rod zhukov podesem. Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) iz Yuzhnoy Afriki. [A new genus of the subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from South Africa]. Annales Historico- Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 73: 133 - 135 (in Russian, English abstract)." type="journal article" year="1981">Kirejtshuk, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BAC6FA42FE6DFA72" bold="true" box="[461,472,1462,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">a</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BAEAFA41FE48FA72" bold="true" box="[481,509,1461,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">f–g</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B90DFA41FDAEFA72" bold="true" box="[518,539,1461,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">i –</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60AFFE4B915FA43FCA9FA72" authority="Kirejtshuk, 1981" authorityName="Kirejtshuk" authorityYear="1981" box="[542,796,1462,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squamosa">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B915FA43FD3CFA72" box="[542,649,1463,1481]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">A.squamosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60AFFE4B986FA42FCA9FA72" author="KIREJTSHUK A. G." box="[653,796,1462,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437" pagination="133 - 135" refId="ref88955" refString="KIREJTSHUK A. G. 1981: Novyy rod zhukov podesem. Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) iz Yuzhnoy Afriki. [A new genus of the subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from South Africa]. Annales Historico- Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 73: 133 - 135 (in Russian, English abstract)." type="journal article" year="1981">Kirejtshuk, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B828FA42FCF6FA72" bold="true" box="[803,835,1462,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">b–e</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B847FA42FCEDFA72" bold="true" box="[844,856,1462,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">h</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B86AFA42FCD8FA72" bold="true" box="[865,877,1462,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">k</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B87DFA42FC3DFA72" bold="true" box="[886,904,1462,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">m</emphasis>
– 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60AFFE4B891FA43FEABFA5F" authority="Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988" authorityName="Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiclava">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B891FA43FBBCFA72" box="[922,1033,1463,1481]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">A. longiclava</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60AFFE4BF06FA42FEABFA5F" author="KIREJTSHUK A. G. &amp; EASTON A. M." pageId="96" pageNumber="437" pagination="41 - 55" refId="ref90040" refString="KIREJTSHUK A. G. &amp; EASTON A. M. 1988: Reviziya roda Anthystrix Kirejtshuk i novye vidy podsem. Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) iz yuzhnoy Afriki. [Revision of the genus Anthystrix Kirejtshuk and new species of the subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from South Africa]. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 70: 41 - 55 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1988">Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BA2DFA25FE84FA5F" bold="true" box="[294,305,1489,1508]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">a</emphasis>
– male habitus (length 2.5 mm); 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B940FA25FDE2FA5F" bold="true" box="[587,599,1489,1508]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">b</emphasis>
– labium and right labial palpus; 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B87FFA25FCC8FA5F" bold="true" box="[884,893,1489,1508]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">c</emphasis>
– right maxilla and palpus; 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BB9CFA18FF16FA44" bold="true" box="[151,163,1516,1535]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">d</emphasis>
– left mandible; 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BA33FA18FEF4FA44" bold="true" box="[312,321,1516,1535]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">e</emphasis>
– labrum; 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BAA9FA1FFE0AFA44" bold="true" box="[418,447,1515,1535]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">f–g</emphasis>
– male genitalia; 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B950FA18FDD2FA44" bold="true" box="[603,615,1516,1535]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">h</emphasis>
– ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BB9CF9F1FF28F9A2" bold="true" box="[151,157,1541,1561]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">i</emphasis>
– distal portion of ovipositor; 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BAACF9F2FE06F9A2" bold="true" box="[423,435,1542,1561]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">k</emphasis>
– male antennal club; 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4B973F9F2FD3FF9A2" bold="true" box="[632,650,1542,1561]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">m</emphasis>
– major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60AFFE4BF33F9F2FBD4F9A2" bold="true" box="[1080,1121,1542,1562]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437">b–m</emphasis>
: refer to 
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60AFFE4BBD2F9D5FE27F98F" author="AUDISIO P. &amp; CLINE A. R. &amp; LAMANNA F. &amp; TRIZZINO M. &amp; ANTONINI G. &amp; MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A." box="[217,402,1569,1588]" pageId="96" pageNumber="437" pagination="998 - 1012" refId="ref83199" refString="AUDISIO P., CLINE A. R., LAMANNA F., TRIZZINO M., ANTONINI G., MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A. 2009 a: Revision of the Southern African Pollen Beetle Genus Anthystrix (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Meligethinae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 998 - 1012." type="journal article" year="2009">AUDISIO et al. (2009a)</bibRefCitation>
for scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB9BFF29FD4EFE28" blockId="97.[113,1089,220,1332]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB9BFF29FE9CFF4F" box="[144,297,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Male genitalia</emphasis>
: peculiarly shaped, with more or less developed and characteristic processes along inner side of parameres (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF60BFFE5BAB3FF08FDA5FEA8" box="[440,528,251,276]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Fig. 26f</figureCitation>
), and with deep median longitudinal desclerotization from proximal portion of tegmen extending to medial distal V-shaped excision; median lobe of aedeagus violin-shaped, with strong lateral emargination, and peculiarly shaped cup-like distal projection (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF60BFFE5BA22FEA8FE30FEC8" box="[297,389,347,372]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
Fig. 
<quantity id="4CEF9B3FF60BFFE5BA51FEAFFE30FEC8" box="[346,389,347,371]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.6" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" unit="g" value="26.0">26g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
); main sclerites of internal sac (flagellum) small, linear, and lightly sclerotized, typically 4–5× shorter than aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF60BFFE5B981FE88FD5AFE28" box="[650,751,379,404]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
Fig. 
<quantity id="4CEF9B3FF60BFFE5B9B0FE8FFD5AFE28" box="[699,751,379,403]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" unit="m" value="26.0">26m</quantity>
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB9BFE69FD43FDEF" blockId="97.[113,1089,220,1332]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB9BFE69FEFDFE0F" box="[144,328,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BA51FE69FE73FE0F" box="[346,454,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">ovipositor</emphasis>
): uniformly shaped, large; styli usually long and distinct, simple, unpigmented, inserted near to apex of contiguous gonostyloids, each gonostyloid lightly sclerotized and moderately pigmented distally, with a simple, never indentate outer portion of basicoxites (
<figureCitation id="132C2A5FF60BFFE5BA6FFE08FE0CFDA8" box="[356,441,507,532]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="96.[151,182,1461,1481]" captionTargetBox="[194,1083,433,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-10@96.[183,1093,433,1436]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5451708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5451708/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Fig. 26i</figureCitation>
), and a single, small, pigmented and more sclerotized arcuate area along outer subdistal portion of gonostyloids. ‘Central point’ of ovipositor usually located more distad than middle, without proximad directed spicule.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30D6551F60BFFE5BB7AFDA8FC4CFCEF" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AFDA8FC4CFCEF" blockId="97.[113,1089,220,1332]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFDA8FF47FDCF" bold="true" box="[113,242,604,628]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Etymology.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BBF3FDA8FE08FDCF" author="KIREJTSHUK A. G." box="[248,445,604,628]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="133 - 135" refId="ref88955" refString="KIREJTSHUK A. G. 1981: Novyy rod zhukov podesem. Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) iz Yuzhnoy Afriki. [A new genus of the subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from South Africa]. Annales Historico- Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 73: 133 - 135 (in Russian, English abstract)." type="journal article" year="1981">KIREJTSHUK (1981)</bibRefCitation>
did not specify the etymology of his newly described genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB7AFD89FF6AFD2F" authorityName="Kirejtshuk" authorityYear="1981" box="[113,223,637,660]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFD89FF6AFD2F" box="[113,223,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The generic name is obviously derived from Greek ‘υστριξ’ (
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5B89BFD89FC6CFD2F" box="[912,985,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">hystrix</emphasis>
in Latin) meaning a hedgehog, which is indicative of the long, spine-like, and colored setae covering most of the body surface, and is likely combined with the Greek suffix ‘αντί’, also meaning ‘similar to’, or ‘to be compared with’. The gender of this genus was implicitly (but erroneously) considered to be masculine in the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5B9B7FD08FCC6FCAF" author="KIREJTSHUK A. G." box="[700,883,764,788]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="133 - 135" refId="ref88955" refString="KIREJTSHUK A. G. 1981: Novyy rod zhukov podesem. Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) iz Yuzhnoy Afriki. [A new genus of the subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from South Africa]. Annales Historico- Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 73: 133 - 135 (in Russian, English abstract)." type="journal article" year="1981">KIREJTSHUK 1981</bibRefCitation>
), but was later correctly considered feminine (
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BA9FFCE8FD07FC8F" author="KIREJTSHUK A. G. &amp; EASTON A. M." box="[404,690,796,820]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="41 - 55" refId="ref90040" refString="KIREJTSHUK A. G. &amp; EASTON A. M. 1988: Reviziya roda Anthystrix Kirejtshuk i novye vidy podsem. Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) iz yuzhnoy Afriki. [Revision of the genus Anthystrix Kirejtshuk and new species of the subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from South Africa]. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 70: 41 - 55 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1988">KIREJTSHUK &amp; EASTON 1988</bibRefCitation>
) according to the recognized feminine gender of 
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BBD6FCC9FE99FCEF" box="[221,300,829,852]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Hystrix</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758 (
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BAEEFCC8FDE8FCEF" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[485,605,828,852]" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Mammalia</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5B96CFCC8FD7EFCEF" authorityName="Bowdich" authorityYear="1821" box="[615,715,828,852]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Rodentia</taxonomicName>
; the Old World porcupines).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30D6551F60BFFE5BB7AFCAFFC20F9A8" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AFCAFFCB2FC0F" blockId="97.[113,1089,220,1332]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFCAFFF78FCC8" bold="true" box="[113,205,859,883]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Biology.</emphasis>
All species are apparently strictly associated for larval development with male inflorescences of 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BA24FC88FE11FC2F" box="[303,420,892,916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
within the phylogenetically isolated tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5B87FFC88FBAAFC2F" authorityName="Cass. ex Sweet" authorityYear="1826" baseAuthorityName="Sweet" box="[884,1055,892,916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarchonantheae">Tarchonantheae</taxonomicName>
, in particular with 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BA1FFC69FE07FC0F" box="[276,434,925,948]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tarchonanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BA1FFC69FE07FC0F" box="[276,434,925,948]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Tarchonanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BAD5FC68FD1EFC0F" author="AUDISIO P. &amp; KIRK-SPRIGGS A. H. &amp; CLINE A. R. &amp; TRIZZINO M. &amp; ANTONINI G. &amp; MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A." box="[478,683,924,948]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="419 - 430" refId="ref84235" refString="AUDISIO P., KIRK-SPRIGGS A. H., CLINE A. R., TRIZZINO M., ANTONINI G., MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A. 2008: A new genus of pollen-beetle from South Africa (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), with discussion of the generic classification of the subfamily Meligethinae. Insect Systematics and Evolution 39: 419 - 430." type="journal article" year="2008">AUDISIO et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5B9BDFC68FD4EFC0F" author="AUDISIO P. &amp; CLINE A. R. &amp; LAMANNA F. &amp; TRIZZINO M. &amp; ANTONINI G. &amp; MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A." box="[694,763,924,948]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="998 - 1012" refId="ref83199" refString="AUDISIO P., CLINE A. R., LAMANNA F., TRIZZINO M., ANTONINI G., MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A. 2009 a: Revision of the Southern African Pollen Beetle Genus Anthystrix (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Meligethinae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 998 - 1012." type="journal article" year="2009">2009a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AFC4FFEDBFB6F" blockId="97.[113,1089,220,1332]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFC4FFEDAFC68" bold="true" box="[113,367,955,979]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Phylogenetic position.</emphasis>
See the above discussion regarding the phylogenetic position of 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB7AFC29FEBFFC4F" authorityName="Kirejtshuk" authorityYear="1989" box="[113,266,989,1012]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Chromogethes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFC29FEBFFC4F" box="[113,266,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Chromogethes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and members of the ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BAE2FC29FDE3FC4F" authorityName="Kirejtshuk" authorityYear="1981" box="[489,598,989,1012]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BAE2FC29FDE3FC4F" box="[489,598,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex of genera’. With regards to 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5B8DFFC29FBF4FC4F" authorityName="Kirejtshuk" authorityYear="1981" box="[980,1089,989,1012]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5B8DFFC29FBF4FC4F" box="[980,1089,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25057B3F60BFFE5BB7AFC08FF4FFBAF" box="[113,250,1020,1044]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
, this genus exhibits a series of autapomorphic chararcters, listed above in the generic diagnosis, which clearly suggests a relatively isolated phylogenetic position in the [‘ 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB88FBC9FF44FBEF" authorityName="Kirejtshuk" authorityYear="1981" box="[131,241,1085,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB88FBC9FF44FBEF" box="[131,241,1085,1108]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex of genera’ + (
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BAEAFBC9FDCEFBEF" authorityName="Kirejtshuk" authorityYear="1989" box="[481,635,1085,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Chromogethes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BAEAFBC9FDCEFBEF" box="[481,635,1085,1108]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Chromogethes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)] clade. The peculiar antennal morphology of 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB85FBA9FEFBFBCF" box="[142,334,1116,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB85FBA9FF49FBCF" box="[142,252,1117,1140]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
is likely a recent product of an evolutionary radiation mainly driven by sexual selection (KODRIC- BROWN et al. 2006), and associated with hyperthelic development of antennal characters in males, which is unusual in members of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5B841FB69FC0AFB0F" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1830" box="[842,959,1181,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Meligethes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5B841FB69FC0AFB0F" box="[842,959,1181,1204]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Meligethes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-complex of genera (
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BBCCFB48FED7FB6F" author="JELINEK J." box="[199,354,1212,1236]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="413 - 418" refId="ref87932" refString="JELINEK J. 2000 a: New genus and species of Oriental Meligethinae with new observations on the genera Cryptarchopria and Kabakovia (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). European Journal of Entomology 97: 413 - 418." type="journal article" year="2000">JELÍNEK 2000a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AFB28FD30FA8F" blockId="97.[113,1089,220,1332]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFB28FD87FB48" bold="true" box="[113,562,1243,1268]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Taxonomy and geographic distribution.</emphasis>
This taxon includes six southern African species, attributed to three formerly recognized species-groups, i.e. the ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5B807FB09FCC2FAAF" authorityName="Kirejtshuk" authorityYear="1981" box="[780,887,1277,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squamosa">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5B807FB09FCC2FAAF" box="[780,887,1277,1300]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">squamosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’, ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5B89EFB09FBB3FAAF" authorityName="Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton" authorityYear="1988" box="[917,1030,1277,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiclava">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5B89EFB09FBB3FAAF" box="[917,1030,1277,1300]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">longiclava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’, and ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB71FAE9FF51FA8F" authorityName="Audisio &amp; Cline &amp; Biase &amp; Antonini &amp; Mancini &amp; Trizzino &amp; Costantini &amp; Strika &amp; Lamanna &amp; Cerretti" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Kirejtshuk &amp; Audisio" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[122,228,1309,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Asterogethes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endroedyi">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB71FAE9FF51FA8F" box="[122,228,1309,1332]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">endroedyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ species-groups (
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BA95FAE8FDCCFA8F" author="AUDISIO P. &amp; CLINE A. R. &amp; LAMANNA F. &amp; TRIZZINO M. &amp; ANTONINI G. &amp; MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A." box="[414,633,1308,1332]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="998 - 1012" refId="ref83199" refString="AUDISIO P., CLINE A. R., LAMANNA F., TRIZZINO M., ANTONINI G., MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A. 2009 a: Revision of the Southern African Pollen Beetle Genus Anthystrix (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Meligethinae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 998 - 1012." type="journal article" year="2009">AUDISIO et al. 2009a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AFA95FD84FA36" blockId="97.[113,1015,1376,1555]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB7AFA95FE5FFAC8" authority="Audisio &amp; Cline, 2009" authorityName="Audisio &amp; Cline" authorityYear="2009" box="[113,490,1376,1395]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endroedyi">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFA95FE96FAC8" box="[113,291,1377,1395]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix endroedyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BA2CFA94FE5FFAC8" author="AUDISIO P. &amp; CLINE A. R. &amp; LAMANNA F. &amp; TRIZZINO M. &amp; ANTONINI G. &amp; MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A." box="[295,490,1376,1395]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="998 - 1012" refId="ref83199" refString="AUDISIO P., CLINE A. R., LAMANNA F., TRIZZINO M., ANTONINI G., MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A. 2009 a: Revision of the Southern African Pollen Beetle Genus Anthystrix (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Meligethinae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 998 - 1012." type="journal article" year="2009">Audisio &amp; Cline, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F300764AF60BFFE5B989FA94FD47FAC8" box="[642,754,1376,1395]" name="South Africa" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">South Africa</collectingCountry>
: Kwa Zulu-Natal, NW Region (= 
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BBA3FA8FFEF1FA36" authorityName="sensu KIREJTSHUK &amp; EASTON" authorityYear="1988" box="[168,324,1403,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BBA3FA8FFEF1FA36" box="[168,324,1403,1421]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix martini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
auct., nec Grouvelle, 1899)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AFA62FC36FA13" blockId="97.[113,1015,1376,1555]" box="[113,899,1429,1448]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB7AFA62FDB3FA13" authority="Audisio &amp; Cline, 2009" authorityName="Audisio &amp; Cline" authorityYear="2009" box="[113,518,1429,1448]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flabellicornis">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFA62FE8AFA13" box="[113,319,1430,1448]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix flabellicornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BA48FA61FDB3FA13" author="AUDISIO P. &amp; CLINE A. R. &amp; LAMANNA F. &amp; TRIZZINO M. &amp; ANTONINI G. &amp; MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A." box="[323,518,1429,1448]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="998 - 1012" refId="ref83199" refString="AUDISIO P., CLINE A. R., LAMANNA F., TRIZZINO M., ANTONINI G., MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A. 2009 a: Revision of the Southern African Pollen Beetle Genus Anthystrix (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Meligethinae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 998 - 1012." type="journal article" year="2009">Audisio &amp; Cline, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F300764AF60BFFE5B989FA61FD47FA13" box="[642,754,1429,1448]" name="South Africa" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">South Africa</collectingCountry>
: E 
<collectingRegion id="49D3F838F60BFFE5B807FA61FC36FA13" box="[780,899,1429,1448]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AFA45FCDEFA78" blockId="97.[113,1015,1376,1555]" box="[113,875,1456,1475]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB7AFA45FDA6FA78" authority="Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988" authorityName="Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton" authorityYear="1988" box="[113,531,1456,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiclava">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFA45FE9DFA78" box="[113,296,1457,1475]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix longiclava</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BA25FA44FDA6FA78" author="KIREJTSHUK A. G. &amp; EASTON A. M." box="[302,531,1456,1475]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="41 - 55" refId="ref90040" refString="KIREJTSHUK A. G. &amp; EASTON A. M. 1988: Reviziya roda Anthystrix Kirejtshuk i novye vidy podsem. Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) iz yuzhnoy Afriki. [Revision of the genus Anthystrix Kirejtshuk and new species of the subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from South Africa]. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 70: 41 - 55 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1988">Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F300764AF60BFFE5B989FA44FD47FA78" box="[642,754,1456,1475]" name="South Africa" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">South Africa</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49D3F838F60BFFE5B9F1FA44FCDEFA78" box="[762,875,1456,1475]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AFA3FFC36FA66" blockId="97.[113,1015,1376,1555]" box="[113,899,1482,1502]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB7AFA3FFE4FFA66" authority="Audisio &amp; Cline, 2009" authorityName="Audisio &amp; Cline" authorityYear="2009" box="[113,506,1482,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megalocera">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFA3FFE86FA66" box="[113,307,1483,1501]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix megalocera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BA3CFA3EFE4FFA66" author="AUDISIO P. &amp; CLINE A. R. &amp; LAMANNA F. &amp; TRIZZINO M. &amp; ANTONINI G. &amp; MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A." box="[311,506,1482,1501]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="998 - 1012" refId="ref83199" refString="AUDISIO P., CLINE A. R., LAMANNA F., TRIZZINO M., ANTONINI G., MANCINI E. &amp; DE BIASE A. 2009 a: Revision of the Southern African Pollen Beetle Genus Anthystrix (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Meligethinae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 998 - 1012." type="journal article" year="2009">Audisio &amp; Cline, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F300764AF60BFFE5B989FA3EFD47FA66" box="[642,754,1482,1501]" name="South Africa" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">South Africa</collectingCountry>
: E 
<collectingRegion id="49D3F838F60BFFE5B807FA3FFC36FA66" box="[780,899,1482,1502]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AFA12FC3AFA43" blockId="97.[113,1015,1376,1555]" box="[113,911,1509,1528]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB7AFA12FDA1FA43" authority="Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988" authorityName="Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton" authorityYear="1988" box="[113,532,1509,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroclava">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AFA12FE9FFA43" box="[113,298,1510,1528]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix nigroclava</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B2BF60BFFE5BA24FA11FDA1FA43" author="KIREJTSHUK A. G. &amp; EASTON A. M." box="[303,532,1509,1528]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" pagination="41 - 55" refId="ref90040" refString="KIREJTSHUK A. G. &amp; EASTON A. M. 1988: Reviziya roda Anthystrix Kirejtshuk i novye vidy podsem. Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) iz yuzhnoy Afriki. [Revision of the genus Anthystrix Kirejtshuk and new species of the subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) from South Africa]. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 70: 41 - 55 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1988">Kirejtshuk &amp; Easton, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F300764AF60BFFE5B989FA11FD47FA43" box="[642,754,1509,1528]" name="South Africa" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">South Africa</collectingCountry>
: SE 
<collectingRegion id="49D3F838F60BFFE5B813FA11FC3AFA43" box="[792,911,1509,1528]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA836DAF60BFFE5BB7AF9F5FC20F9A8" blockId="97.[113,1015,1376,1555]" box="[113,917,1536,1555]" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">
<taxonomicName id="4C174D59F60BFFE5BB7AF9F5FE77F9A8" authority="(Grouvelle, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Grouvelle" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[113,450,1536,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Anthystrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squamosa">
<emphasis id="B963EAC8F60BFFE5BB7AF9F5FE96F9A8" box="[113,291,1537,1555]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Anthystrix squamosa</emphasis>
(Grouvelle, 1899)
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F300764AF60BFFE5B989F9F4FD47F9A8" box="[642,754,1536,1555]" name="South Africa" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">South Africa</collectingCountry>
: SW 
<collectingRegion id="49D3F838F60BFFE5B814F9F4FC20F9A8" box="[799,917,1536,1555]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="97" pageNumber="438">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>