623 lines
103 KiB
XML
623 lines
103 KiB
XML
<document id="DE56D5DE78753743F05A7D81ECBD3797" ID-CLB-Dataset="25865" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="80f6b0f9-010f-4ae4-a944-fa8de3aa9a30" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3446316" ID-ZooBank="A166C53B-EC0F-427B-B6F4-1F39F92A3BD8" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1567061020892" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pirani, Gabriela & Grimaldi, David A." docDate="2019" docId="03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4661.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4661 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stegana penicillata Pirani & Grimaldi 2019, New Combination" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="452" masterDocId="FF88A148910B225ABB1BAD5BC317A913" masterDocTitle="Rediscovery, redescription, and reclassification of the rare and unusual fly Pyrgometopa penicillata Kertész (Diptera: Drosophilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="456" masterPageNumber="445" pageNumber="447" updateTime="1698690984945" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="0D2E98C9E296C955AA2568E90CA1D76E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D4F54179249BE52AAEE69767AAE0B700">
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<mods:title id="58313606D625FDF5A4F9A328B3E2562C">Rediscovery, redescription, and reclassification of the rare and unusual fly Pyrgometopa penicillata Kertész (Diptera: Drosophilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FC5C88419D4EFA4F989B5E60DA4F2056" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0021909E87F9FD704767F6FB8DE46A16">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="909A04480873AADA7751F373A4701714">Pirani, Gabriela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="42367100BDF49AA5B1C813D2F699AAAF">Laboratório de Evolução e Morfologia de Diptera, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040 - 901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. E-mail: gabi. pirani 3107 @ gmail. com;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="8A3EF68CBCEF8FC434990F4CEA3C94DA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="42BC6288255CC9383A76010FB577C85A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F46CC144AE98AEC28B37D7862AB578C3">Grimaldi, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6DA0EE4104CF7800884E4DA7847FE4AD">Curator, Division of Invertebrate Zoology; Professor, Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th St, New York, NY. E-mail: grimaldi @ amnh. org.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D5E13B9450897A2AFAED6763F1FADA84">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="13AEBC4A56F23ABCD63FFDBBC6FD04E2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="18C1DC61CDA338DC4CF4CC7B461C1ECA">
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<mods:date id="3F61FC1BB575E898DF92639550735494">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F95AD670A24782668B3BB5DE0732313B">2019-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="957E6700721DA8C5EF1DE532B70BC59B">4661</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="B58737EF977DD0AFD8CA331BD0416B86" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="0559E64DCA2FDAD4C15A28B0A4B931C4">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="BB25C6350D3B2471F5427EF21DC1D661">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5929897" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159318370" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5929897" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="452" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
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<subSubSection id="C3023BAD91092258BB8CAC2AC1FAA898" box="[151,749,368,396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA7682691092258BB8CAC2AC1FAA898" blockId="2.[151,749,368,396]" box="[151,749,368,396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
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<heading id="D0EFDF4A91092258BB8CAC2AC1FAA898" bold="true" box="[151,749,368,396]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BB8CAC2AC1FAA898" bold="true" box="[151,749,368,396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A591092258BB8CAC2AC2EBA898" authority="(Kertesz)" authorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kertesz" box="[151,508,368,396]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BB8CAC2AC268A89F" bold="true" box="[151,383,369,396]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Stegana penicillata</emphasis>
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(Kertész)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F094F91092258B912AC2AC1FAA898" box="[521,749,369,395]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" rank="species">New Combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3023BAD91092258BB8CACEDC148A8DE" box="[151,607,437,461]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA7682691092258BB8CACEDC148A8DE" blockId="2.[151,607,437,461]" box="[151,607,437,461]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1813A591092258BB8CACEDC14CA8DE" ID-CoL="4QT9V" authority="Kertesz, 1901: 419" authorityName="Kertesz" authorityPageNumber="419" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,603,437,461]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Pyrgometopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
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<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BB8CACEDC286A8DE" box="[151,401,437,461]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Pyrgometopa penicillata</emphasis>
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Kertész, 1901: 419
|
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3023BAD91092258BB8CACAEC037AD3F" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA7682691092258BB8CACAEC3FEAB26" blockId="2.[151,1437,501,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
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<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BB8CACAEC268AB03" bold="true" box="[151,383,501,528]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Material Examined</emphasis>
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:
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<materialsCitation id="3B70627B91092258BA95ACACC3F1AB26" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711271" collectingDate="2006-03-20" collectingDateMax="2006-04-20" collectingDateMin="2006-03-20" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="HNHM" collectorName="Malaise & Calor & Viana" country="Peru" county="Mancio Lima" elevation="350" latitude="-4.213333" location="Peru" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pq Nacional Serra" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" specimenCode="BR 319" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cusco" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54A3D68491092258BA95ACACC2A1AB02" box="[398,438,503,529]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="holotype">HT</typeStatus>
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: Female,
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: Callanga (examined by D. Grimaldi at the
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<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BF5BACACC781AB02" box="[1088,1174,503,529]" country="Hungary" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34991" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34991" name="Hungarian Natural History Museum (Termeszettudomanyi Muzeum)" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">HNHM</collectionCode>
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in 2011, excellent condition)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA7682691092258BBDCAF65C037AD3F" blockId="2.[151,1437,501,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
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Additional material (
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D1EA3AF91092258B92AAF65C1BEAB4A" box="[561,681,574,601]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
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):
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<materialsCitation id="3B70627B91092258B9D9AF65C70BAB6F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711301" collectingDate="2010-11-22" collectingDateMax="2006-04-20" collectingDateMin="2006-03-20" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="Malaise & Calor & Viana" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" elevation="350" latitude="-4.213333" location="BRASIL" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pq Nacional Serra" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" specimenCode="BR 319" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
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<collectingCountry id="F30F28B691092258B9D9AF65C03FAB4B" box="[706,808,574,600]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
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, SP, Ribeir„o Grande, / P. E. Intervales
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/
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<date id="FFA64EE691092258BA23AF39C2BDAB6F" box="[312,426,610,636]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2010-11-22">
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<collectingDate id="EFE2B70E91092258BA23AF39C2BDAB6F" box="[312,426,610,636]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2010-11-22">22.xi.2010</collectingDate>
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</date>
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—Malaise/ N.W. Perioto & eq. col.
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||
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258B8ABAF39C703AB6F" box="[944,1044,610,636]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">MZUSP</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="3B70627B91092258BF32AF39C25BABD7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711303" collectingDate="2006-03-20" collectingDateMax="2006-04-20" collectingDateMin="2006-03-20" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="AC, MZUSP" collectorName="Malaise & Calor & Viana" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" elevation="350" latitude="-4.213333" location="Divisor-Igarape do Amor" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pq Nacional Serra" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" specimenCode="BR 319" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
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<collectingCountry id="F30F28B691092258BF32AF39C798AB6F" box="[1065,1167,610,636]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BF87AF39C7D1AB6F" box="[1180,1222,610,636]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12582" name="Amherst College, Beneski Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="University or college">AC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62C610AA91092258BFC8AF39C67AAB6F" box="[1235,1389,610,636]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Mancio Lima</collectingCounty>
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/
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC3F25C91092258BE64AF38C256ABB3" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Pq Nacional Serra</collectingMunicipality>
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do/
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<location id="8EC73EFD91092258BA6CAFDDC1BDABB3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4:8EC73EFD91092258BA6CAFDDC1BDABB3" box="[375,682,646,672]" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" latitude="-4.213333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pq Nacional Serra" name="Divisor-Igarape do Amor" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" stateProvince="Cusco">Divisor—Igarapé do Amor</location>
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/
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<date id="FFA64EE691092258B9A0AFDDC063ABB3" box="[699,884,646,672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2006-03-20" valueMax="2006-04-20" valueMin="2006-03-20">
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<collectingDate id="EFE2B70E91092258B9A0AFDDC063ABB3" box="[699,884,646,672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2006-03-20" valueMax="2006-04-20" valueMin="2006-03-20">20.iii–20.iv.2006</collectingDate>
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</date>
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—
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<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B889AFDDC0FAABB3" box="[914,1005,646,672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Malaise</collectorName>
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/
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<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B8E4AFDDC728ABB3" box="[1023,1087,646,672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Calor</collectorName>
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, A. R. &
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<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258BFA9AFDDC7E1ABB3" box="[1202,1270,646,672]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Viana</collectorName>
|
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, D. cols.
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<specimenCount id="9D1EA3AF91092258BE7DAFDDC3DAABD7" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BBFBAFF1C253ABD7" box="[224,324,682,708]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">MZUSP</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B70627B91092258BA40AFF1C772AA1F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711270" collectingDate="2017-04" collectingDateMax="2006-04-20" collectingDateMin="2006-03-20" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="AM, INPA" collectorName="Malaise & J. A. Rafael & F. F. Xavier" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" elevation="350" latitude="-4.213333" location="Careiro Castanho" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Sitio" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" specimenCode="BR 319" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
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<collectingCountry id="F30F28B691092258BA40AFF1C2D6ABD7" box="[347,449,682,708]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BAD5AFF1C2E9ABD7" box="[462,510,682,708]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
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,
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<location id="8EC73EFD91092258B916AFF1C1C4ABD7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4:8EC73EFD91092258B916AFF1C1C4ABD7" box="[525,723,682,708]" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" latitude="-4.213333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Sitio" name="Careiro Castanho" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" stateProvince="Cusco">Careiro Castanho</location>
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/
|
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<specimenCode id="DBBEC05D91092258B9FDAFF0C057ABD7" box="[742,832,682,709]" collectionCode="BR" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">BR 319</specimenCode>
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km-181,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC3F25C91092258B8A8AFF1C0FFABD7" box="[947,1000,682,708]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Sítio</collectingMunicipality>
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S.
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<location id="8EC73EFD91092258BF0FAFF1C744ABD7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4:8EC73EFD91092258BF0FAFF1C744ABD7" box="[1044,1107,682,708]" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" latitude="-4.213333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Sitio" name="Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" stateProvince="Cusco">Paulo</location>
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/
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-
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2C0EE191092258BFE0AFF1C69EABD7" box="[1275,1417,682,708]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" precision="15" seconds="04" value="-60.817776">60°49’04”W</geoCoordinate>
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/ 10–24,
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||
<date id="FFA64EE691092258BBFFAF95C22DABFB" box="[228,314,718,744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2017-04">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFE2B70E91092258BBFFAF95C22DABFB" box="[228,314,718,744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2017-04">iv.2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258BA5DAF95C288ABFB" box="[326,415,718,744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Malaise</collectorName>
|
||
gde/
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258BAC5AF94C174ABFB" box="[478,611,718,745]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">J. A. Rafael</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B993AF94C01AABFB" box="[648,781,718,745]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">F. F. Xavier</collectorName>
|
||
Fº.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1EA3AF91092258B827AF95C0B6ABFB" box="[828,929,718,744]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, eggs in one vial, abdomen and terminalia in another vial, right wing double mounted and pinned above specimen and vials (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BF03AFA9C749AA1F" box="[1048,1118,754,780]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B70627B91092258BF6AAFA9C0FBAA23" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711272" collectingDate="2004-06-23" collectingDateMax="2004-06-24" collectingDateMin="2004-06-23" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="AM, PDBFF, INPA" collectorName="Res. Km & Sub-bosque, R." country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" elevation="350" latitude="-4.213333" location="Manaus." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pq Nacional Serra" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" specimenCode="BR 319" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F28B691092258BF6AAFA9C7A0AA1F" box="[1137,1207,754,780]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Brasil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BFDAAFA9C7E6AA1F" box="[1217,1265,754,780]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EC73EFD91092258BFE7AFA9C64CAA1F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4:8EC73EFD91092258BFE7AFA9C64CAA1F" box="[1276,1371,754,780]" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" latitude="-4.213333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pq Nacional Serra" name="Manaus." pageId="2" pageNumber="447" stateProvince="Cusco">Manaus.</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258BE70AFA8C3D6AA22" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Res. Km</collectorName>
|
||
41
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BBF6AE4DC255AA23" box="[237,322,790,816]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">PDBFF</collectionCode>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFA64EE691092258BA48AE4DC2ECAA23" box="[339,507,790,816]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2004-06-23" valueMax="2004-06-24" valueMin="2004-06-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE2B70E91092258BA48AE4DC2ECAA23" box="[339,507,790,816]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2004-06-23" valueMax="2004-06-24" valueMin="2004-06-23">23–24.VI.2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B917AE4DC1AEAA22" box="[524,697,790,817]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Sub-bosque, R.</collectorName>
|
||
Querino.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1EA3AF91092258B837AE4DC099AA23" box="[812,910,790,816]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258B885AE4DC0F3AA23" box="[926,996,790,816]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B70627B91092258B8ECAE4DC3FBAA6B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711304" collectingDate="2018-01-25" collectingDateMax="2018-02-08" collectingDateMin="2018-01-25" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Malaise & Poente, J. A" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" elevation="350" latitude="-4.213333" location="Manaus" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Amazonas" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" specimenCode="BR 319" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F28B691092258B8ECAE4DC74AAA23" box="[1015,1117,790,816]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC3F25C91092258BF72AE4DC7F5AA23" box="[1129,1250,790,816]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Amazonas</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EC73EFD91092258BFF5AE4CC65EAA22" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4:8EC73EFD91092258BFF5AE4CC65EAA22" box="[1262,1353,791,817]" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" latitude="-4.213333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Amazonas" name="Manaus" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" stateProvince="Cusco">Manaus</location>
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||
, ZF-2,/ km-14,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C0EE191092258BBE9AE62C27EAA47" box="[242,361,825,852]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" precision="15" seconds="21" value="-2.5891666">2°35’21”S</geoCoordinate>
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-
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C0EE191092258BA9CAE62C103AA47" box="[391,532,825,852]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-60.115276">60°06’55”W</geoCoordinate>
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||
,/
|
||
<date id="FFA64EE691092258B936AE62C1DBAA47" box="[557,716,825,852]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2018-01-25" valueMax="2018-02-08" valueMin="2018-01-25">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFE2B70E91092258B936AE62C1DBAA47" box="[557,716,825,852]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2018-01-25" valueMax="2018-02-08" valueMin="2018-01-25">25.i–8.ii.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B9C0AE61C023AA47" box="[731,820,826,852]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Malaise</collectorName>
|
||
gde solo,/
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B8B7AE61C729AA47" box="[940,1086,826,853]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Poente, J. A</collectorName>
|
||
. Rafael—Rede BIA.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1EA3AF91092258BE23AE61C68BAA47" box="[1336,1436,826,852]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BB84AE05C3F2AA6B" box="[159,229,862,888]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B70627B91092258BBE3AE05C15EAAD3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711302" collectingDate="2015-03-14" collectingDateMax="2006-04-20" collectingDateMin="2006-03-20" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="FR-GU, SLAM, MNHN" collectorName="Francaise & Mitaraka & Julien Touroult & Eddy Poirier" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" elevation="350" latitude="-4.213333" location="Divisor-Igarape do Amor" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pq Nacional Serra" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" specimenCode="BR 319" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BA1BAE05C24FAA6B" box="[256,344,862,888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">FR-GU</collectionCode>
|
||
) Guyane
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258BADDAE05C123AA6B" box="[454,564,862,888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Française</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B95BAE05C1B0AA6B" box="[576,679,862,888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Mitaraka</collectorName>
|
||
,/ different sites nr base camp and along/ trails, tropical most forest (different/ sites),
|
||
<date id="FFA64EE691092258BA4CAEDAC2C5AA8F" box="[343,466,897,924]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2015-03-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE2B70E91092258BA4CAEDAC2C5AA8F" box="[343,466,897,924]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2015-03-14">14.iii.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BAC6AED9C139AA8F" box="[477,558,898,924]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">SLAM</collectionCode>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B97CAED9C007AA8F" box="[615,784,898,924]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Julien Touroult</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B829AED9C0A8AA8F" box="[818,959,898,924]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Eddy Poirier</collectorName>
|
||
(FR-/ GU/Mitaraka/2015)—sample code:/ MITARAKA/191.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1EA3AF91092258BA70AEFDC2C1AAD3" box="[363,470,934,960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BAFFAEFDC157AAD3" box="[484,576,934,960]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B70627B91092258B948AEFCC07CAAF7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416710400" collectingDate="2012-09-01" collectingDateMax="2006-04-20" collectingDateMin="2006-03-20" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Rafael, RR & Cavichioli." country="Peru" county="Quincemil" elevation="350" latitude="-4.213333" location="Pte La Cigarra" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pte La Cigarra" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" specimenCode="BR 319" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F28B691092258B948AEFCC188AAD2" box="[595,671,935,961]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DCA6C491092258B9B2AEFDC1E5AAD3" box="[681,754,934,960]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62C610AA91092258B9E7AEFDC065AAD3" box="[764,882,934,960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Quincemil</collectingCounty>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC3F25C91092258B89BAEFCC732AAD3" box="[896,1061,934,961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Pte La Cigarra</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C0EE191092258BF2BAEFDC7A3AAD3" box="[1072,1204,934,960]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-13.140833">13°08’27”S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2C0EE191092258BFA1AEFDC65EAAD3" box="[1210,1353,934,960]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" precision="15" seconds="14" value="-70.38722">70°23’14”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE0C5C391092258BE4EAEFEC683AAD3" box="[1365,1428,933,960]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" unit="m" value="350.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00358F1591092258BE4EAEFEC683AAD3" box="[1365,1428,933,960]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" unit="m" value="350.0">350m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFA64EE691092258BB8CAE91C206AAF7" box="[151,273,970,996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2012-09-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE2B70E91092258BB8CAE91C206AAF7" box="[151,273,970,996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2012-09-01">01.ix.2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, sweep, JA/
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258BAB9AE91C1B3AAF7" box="[418,676,970,997]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Rafael, RR Cavichioli.</collectorName>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1EA3AF91092258B9B0AE91C01AAAF7" box="[683,781,970,996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258B806AE91C074AAF7" box="[797,867,970,996]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B70627B91092258B86CAE90C00BAD3F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711269" collectingDate="2013-12-12" collectingDateMax="2013-12-16" collectingDateMin="2013-12-12" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="Norrbom & Sutton." country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" elevation="527" latitude="-4.213333" location="Est Biol Villa Carmen" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pq Nacional Serra" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" specimenCode="BR 319" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
|
||
Peru:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DCA6C491092258B8A1AE91C714AAF7" box="[954,1027,970,996]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EC73EFD91092258BF14AE90C61BAAF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B1D93091092252BB8CAC2AC111A9C4:8EC73EFD91092258BF14AE90C61BAAF7" box="[1039,1292,970,997]" country="Brazil" county="Mancio Lima" latitude="-4.213333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-60.817776" municipality="Pq Nacional Serra" name="Est Biol Villa Carmen" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" stateProvince="Cusco">Est Biol Villa Carmen</location>
|
||
,/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C0EE191092258BE3BAE91C68FAAF7" box="[1312,1432,970,996]" degrees="12.8911" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" precision="5" value="-12.8911">12.8911°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C0EE191092258BB8CAEB5C20FAD1B" box="[151,280,1006,1032]" degrees="71.4106" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" precision="5" value="-71.4106">71.4106°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE0C5C391092258BA3FAEB6C27AAD1B" box="[292,365,1005,1032]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.27" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" unit="m" value="527.0">
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||
<elevation id="00358F1591092258BA3FAEB6C27AAD1B" box="[292,365,1005,1032]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.27" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" unit="m" value="527.0">527 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,/
|
||
<collectingMethod id="5259103191092258BA98AEB5C106AD1A" box="[387,529,1006,1033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA64EE691092258B905AEB5C1A2AD1B" box="[542,693,1006,1032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2013-12-12" valueMax="2013-12-16" valueMin="2013-12-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE2B70E91092258B905AEB5C1A2AD1B" box="[542,693,1006,1032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" value="2013-12-12" valueMax="2013-12-16" valueMin="2013-12-12">12–16.XII.13</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,/
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B9D0AEB5C025AD1B" box="[715,818,1006,1032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Norrbom</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED0DF091092258B871AEB5C0ACAD1B" box="[874,955,1006,1032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Sutton.</collectorName>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1EA3AF91092258B8D9AEB5C719AD1B" box="[962,1038,1006,1032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(genitalia dissected, head mounted and gold coated for SEM; in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258BAC0A949C122AD3F" box="[475,565,1042,1068]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1EA3AF91092258B953A949C1BEAD3F" box="[584,681,1042,1068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09F0E391092258B9A3A949C003AD3F" box="[696,788,1042,1068]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3023BAD91092258BBDCA96EC049AC3B" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7682691092258BBDCA96EC049AC3B" blockId="2.[151,1437,501,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BBDCA96EC22DAD43" bold="true" box="[199,314,1077,1104]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
: Well developed ocellar tubercle (both sexes), bearing a tuft of black, spike-like bristles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BE30A96DC680AD43" box="[1323,1431,1077,1104]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BB8CA900C3F8AD67" box="[151,239,1114,1141]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. S. penicillata female from French Guiana. 7. Lateral habitus. 8. Dorsal habitus. 9. Dorsal view of head (frons). 10. Frontal view of head (face). 11. Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">7, 9–10</figureCitation>
|
||
), many of them with a bifid apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B96EA901C1DDAD67" box="[629,714,1114,1140]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1572,1597]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of S. penicillata. 25. Frontal view of head (face). 26. Ocellar tubercle. 27. Apex of bristles on ocellar tubercle. 28. Ventral view of labellum. 29. Frons. 30. Antenna: first flagellomere and arista. 31. Apex of wing. 32. Spine on wing apex;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446326/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
). Postocellars divergent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B8FEA901C745AD67" box="[997,1106,1114,1140]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 1, 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Acrostichals relatively long and light (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BA16A925C24AAD8B" box="[269,349,1150,1176]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BA77A925C26BAD8B" box="[364,380,1150,1176]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. S. penicillata female from French Guiana. 7. Lateral habitus. 8. Dorsal habitus. 9. Dorsal view of head (frons). 10. Frontal view of head (face). 11. Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surstylus conical, with a prominent strong spine apically (plus two smaller seen in ventral vista) and a vertical line of regular setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B97BA9F9C1FFADAF" box="[608,744,1185,1212]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 15–17</figureCitation>
|
||
); surstyli connected dorsally. Subepandrial sclerite with apical pointed projections, connected to hypandrium by a membrane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B87DA99DC0E6ADF3" box="[870,1009,1222,1248]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 19–21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hypandrial complex very elaborate, pregonites fused dorsally forming a projected flap (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B9C0A9B1C072AC17" box="[731,869,1258,1284]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 19–21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Phallic guide present fused to phallapodeme and touching the dorsomedial portion of hypandrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B9D3A855C045AC3B" box="[712,850,1294,1320]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 22–23</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3023BAD9109225FBBDCA86AC112AEF8" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="450" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7682691092258BBDCA86AC025AC86" blockId="2.[151,1437,501,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491092258BBDCA86AC246AC5F" bold="true" box="[199,337,1329,1356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Description</emphasis>
|
||
: Body stout, compact (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B947A869C1BBAC5F" box="[604,684,1330,1356]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B9A2A869C1F1AC5F" box="[697,742,1330,1356]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. S. penicillata female from French Guiana. 7. Lateral habitus. 8. Dorsal habitus. 9. Dorsal view of head (frons). 10. Frontal view of head (face). 11. Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">7–8</figureCitation>
|
||
); arched dorsally, with top surfaces of notum, scutellum, and abdomen in same plane of curvature. Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B993A80DC007AC63" box="[648,784,1365,1392]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 1, 3–5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B807A80DC042AC63" box="[796,853,1366,1392]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. S. penicillata female from French Guiana. 7. Lateral habitus. 8. Dorsal habitus. 9. Dorsal view of head (frons). 10. Frontal view of head (face). 11. Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">9–11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B87AA80EC0BAAC63" box="[865,941,1365,1392]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1572,1597]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of S. penicillata. 25. Frontal view of head (face). 26. Ocellar tubercle. 27. Apex of bristles on ocellar tubercle. 28. Ventral view of labellum. 29. Frons. 30. Antenna: first flagellomere and arista. 31. Apex of wing. 32. Spine on wing apex;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446326/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">25–30</figureCitation>
|
||
): attached low on prothorax, just above prosternum, at approximately same level as notopleural suture.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7682691092258BBDCA8C5C0BEAEEA" blockId="2.[151,1437,501,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BA09A8C5C28DACAB" box="[274,410,1437,1464]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 1, 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BABDA8C5C2C8ACAB" box="[422,479,1438,1464]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. S. penicillata female from French Guiana. 7. Lateral habitus. 8. Dorsal habitus. 9. Dorsal view of head (frons). 10. Frontal view of head (face). 11. Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">9–11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BAF7A8C6C120ACAB" box="[492,567,1437,1464]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1572,1597]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of S. penicillata. 25. Frontal view of head (face). 26. Ocellar tubercle. 27. Apex of bristles on ocellar tubercle. 28. Ventral view of labellum. 29. Frons. 30. Antenna: first flagellomere and arista. 31. Apex of wing. 32. Spine on wing apex;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446326/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">25–30</figureCitation>
|
||
): broad, width slightly less than that of thorax, much broader than deep; head depth (without tubercle) 0.42, head width 0.86. Eye without ommatrichia, slightly longer than deep; eye length 0.42, depth 0.34. Frons, face, and clypeus broad; lower frons width 0.37, face width 0.35. Ocellar triangle raised into a tall tubercle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BA37AB51C28FAF37" box="[300,408,1545,1572]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BABFAB51C2FCAF37" box="[420,491,1546,1572]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. S. penicillata female from French Guiana. 7. Lateral habitus. 8. Dorsal habitus. 9. Dorsal view of head (frons). 10. Frontal view of head (face). 11. Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">10–11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BAECAB52C156AF37" box="[503,577,1545,1572]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1572,1597]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of S. penicillata. 25. Frontal view of head (face). 26. Ocellar tubercle. 27. Apex of bristles on ocellar tubercle. 28. Ventral view of labellum. 29. Frons. 30. Antenna: first flagellomere and arista. 31. Apex of wing. 32. Spine on wing apex;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446326/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">25–27</figureCitation>
|
||
), height (0.14) approximately equal to width; ocelli situated on apex; pair of small ocellar setae present, length (0.15) ca. 3.5× ocellus diameter.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DCA6C491092258B880AB75C0F1AF5B" box="[923,998,1582,1608]" country="France" name="Centre" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Center</collectingRegion>
|
||
of ocellar tubercle with apical tuft ca. 12 stout, erect, long, spine-like black setae, lengths (0.26 for longest) greater than height of tubercle; longer setae with preapical branch; setae deeply ribbed but not flattened like scales; setal sockets raised. Ocellar tubercle shiny, glabrous, the surrounding frons dull, with dense microtrichia. Postocellar seta positioned on posterior base of ocellar tubercle, approximately same size as ocellar setae, divergent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258B871ABE5C0C3AFCB" box="[874,980,1726,1752]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 1, 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Proclinate fronto orbital seta at level of middle of frons length; anterior reclinate fronto orbital seta equidistant between other proclinate fronto orbital seta and posterior reclinate fronto orbital seta (absent in some specimens); posterior reclinate fronto orbital seta almost erect and slightly lateroclinate. Inner vertical seta long (0.24), inclinate; outer vertical slightly shorter (0.18), lateroclinate. Face receding ventrally, no carina; gena shallow (0.06); vibrissa fine (length 0.22). Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BE19AA15C67AAE7B" box="[1282,1389,1870,1896]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 1, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A391092258BE62AA16C3A0AE9F" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1572,1597]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of S. penicillata. 25. Frontal view of head (face). 26. Ocellar tubercle. 27. Apex of bristles on ocellar tubercle. 28. Ventral view of labellum. 29. Frons. 30. Antenna: first flagellomere and arista. 31. Apex of wing. 32. Spine on wing apex;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446326/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">25, 30</figureCitation>
|
||
): scape very thin, ring-shaped; pedicel as high as wide, with ca. 10 setulae, 1 erect lateral seta; first flagellomere long, apex extending beyond level of oral margin; arista inserted dorsally on first flagellomere, with ca. 7 dorsal, 3 ventral, 2–3 long inner long branches (plus 6–7 short ones). Palpus paddle-shaped, with 5–6 setulae. Proboscis: short, with an array of fine, whitish scales with apical margins serrate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6738AE91082259BB8CAA7EC7A3AEE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" startId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" subCaptionStartIDs="3.[214,369,1901,1926]" subCaptionStarts="Abbr" targetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7682691082259BB8CAA7EC7A3AEE2" blockId="3.[151,1437,1829,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259BB8CAA7EC22CAE2D" bold="true" box="[151,315,1829,1854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">FIGURES 1–6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A591082259BA5AAA7DC17DAE2D" authority="(Kertesz)" authorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[321,618,1830,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259BA5AAA7DC112AE2D" box="[321,517,1830,1854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">Stegana penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
(Kertész)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259B96AAA7DC03DAE2D" bold="true" box="[625,810,1829,1854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F094F91082259B96AAA7DC03DAE2D" box="[625,810,1829,1854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Peru.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259B8BFAA7EC0A0AE2D" bold="true" box="[932,951,1829,1854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">1.</emphasis>
|
||
Female: frontal view of head (face).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259BE2AAA7EC653AE2D" bold="true" box="[1329,1348,1829,1854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">2.</emphasis>
|
||
Female: lateral habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259BA2AAA12C254AE71" bold="true" box="[305,323,1865,1890]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">3.</emphasis>
|
||
Female: dorsal view of head and thorax.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259B9C4AA12C1E5AE71" bold="true" box="[735,754,1865,1890]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">4.</emphasis>
|
||
Female: lateral view of head.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259BF04AA11C725AE71" bold="true" box="[1055,1074,1866,1890]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">5.</emphasis>
|
||
Male: lateral view of head.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259BE52AA12C64BAE71" bold="true" box="[1353,1372,1865,1890]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">6.</emphasis>
|
||
Male: wing.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB43491082259BBCDAA36C262AE95" bold="true" box="[214,373,1901,1926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">Abbreviations.</emphasis>
|
||
bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A6391082259BA96AA9EC283AEC0" attach="left" box="[397,404,1989,2003]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">1</subScript>
|
||
: first branch of media, M
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A6391082259B989AA9EC18EAEC0" attach="left" box="[658,665,1989,2003]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">4</subScript>
|
||
: fourth branch of media,R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A6391082259B8BFAA9EC0BCAEC0" attach="left" box="[932,939,1989,2003]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">1</subScript>
|
||
: anterior branch of radius, R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A6391082259BFD6AA9EC7F3AEC0" attach="left" box="[1229,1252,1989,2003]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">2+3</subScript>
|
||
: second branch of radius, R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A6391082259BBE8AAB2C21DAEE4" attach="left" box="[243,266,2025,2039]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">4+5</subScript>
|
||
: third branch of radius, r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE0C5C391082259BF44AA82C7A7AEE2" box="[1119,1200,2009,2034]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6738AE910F225EBB8CA9D7C0BEADDB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3446320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="449" startId="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1144]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA76826910F225EBB8CA9D7C0BEADDB" blockId="4.[151,1437,1164,1225]" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910F225EBB8CA9D7C252ADB6" bold="true" box="[151,325,1164,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">FIGURES 7–11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910F225EBA51A9D6C2D8ADB6" authorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[330,463,1165,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="449" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910F225EBA51A9D6C2D8ADB6" box="[330,463,1165,1189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">S. penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female from French Guiana.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910F225EB9ECA9D6C01DADB6" bold="true" box="[759,778,1165,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">7.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910F225EB8A9A9D7C0D2ADB6" bold="true" box="[946,965,1164,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">8.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910F225EBF72A9D7C76CADB6" bold="true" box="[1129,1147,1164,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">9.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of head (frons).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910F225EBB8CA9EBC3A0ADDA" bold="true" box="[151,183,1200,1225]" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">10.</emphasis>
|
||
Frontal view of head (face).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910F225EBAC5A9EBC2EBADDA" bold="true" box="[478,508,1200,1225]" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">11.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA76826910F225FBBDCA9ACC27FA80C" blockId="4.[151,1437,1271,2022]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,153,1007]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="450" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">
|
||
Thorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910F225EBA33A9ACC27AAC02" box="[296,365,1271,1297]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910F225EBA60A9ACC29CAC02" box="[379,395,1271,1297]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. S. penicillata female from French Guiana. 7. Lateral habitus. 8. Dorsal habitus. 9. Dorsal view of head (frons). 10. Frontal view of head (face). 11. Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">8</figureCitation>
|
||
): Very broad, width of scutum (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE0C5C3910F225EB9EEA9ACC04AAC02" box="[757,861,1271,1297]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="449" unit="mm" value="0.97">0.97 mm</quantity>
|
||
) almost equal to thorax length (1.17–1.20). Acrostichals relatively long (compared to other drosophilids), fine, light, not arranged in rows. Three pairs prescutellar setae present, lengths 1.5–2.0× the length of acrostichals; anterior dorsocentral slightly longer than acrostichals, posterior dorsocentral length 0.24. One small postpronotal seta; 2 thick and long ventral notopleural setae, one smaller and finer dorsal notopleural seta; 1 large supra-alar and 1 postalar. Scutellum large (length 0.43–0.44), shield-like, flattened and curved; anterior scutellar setae large (lengths 0.31–0.38), parallel, length slightly shorter than length of scutellum; apical scutellar setae small, ca. 0.5× length of anterior one (0.17). Postnotum entirely covered by scutellum. Deep postalar groove in thorax between wing base and anterolateral portion of scutellum. 2 large upright katepisternal setae; length of anterior one 0.28. Legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910F225EB9E3AB4CC094AF22" box="[760,899,1558,1585]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–35" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1247,1272]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,237,1221]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,1436,237,1221]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 33–35. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of leg and its spines of S. penicillata. 33. Hind leg. 34. Line of spines on first tarsomere. 35. One of the spines in detail, arrow pointing to a pollen grain of Vernonia sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446328/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">Figs. 33–35</figureCitation>
|
||
): All coxae short, procoxae inserted just behind head; basitarsus longer (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE0C5C3910F225EBAB8AB60C11FAF46" box="[419,520,1595,1621]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="449" unit="mm" value="0.27">0.27 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than combined length of other tarsomeres (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE0C5C3910F225EB8F4AB61C74FAF46" box="[1007,1112,1594,1621]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="449" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Foreleg: femur slightly longer than tibia (0.48–0.50, vs. 0.37–0.40), lateral surface with ca. 10 upright setae. Tibia with mesal/ventral surface with 4 transverse, comb-like rows of fine, golden-colored setulae. Midleg: femur and tibia approximately equal in length, with preapical dorsal and apical ventral seta (latter one thicker). Tarsomeres 1–4 with 2 longitudinal rows cuneiform, overlapping, scale-like setulae, each having fine, pointed tip. Tarsomere 1 also with longitudinal row of black, spinule-like setulae between cuneiform rows. Hind leg: Tibia with preapical dorsal seta, no apicoventral seta. Tarsomeres 1–4 with one longitudinal row cuneiform, overlapping, scale-like setulae; inner/mesal surface of tarsomeres 1–4 with 2–6 golden-colored setulae in short, oblique, comb-like rows. Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910F225EBF45AA6CC7B8AE42" box="[1118,1199,1847,1873]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910F225EBFA7AA6CC61FAE42" box="[1212,1288,1847,1873]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–32" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1572,1597]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[152,1436,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25–32. Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of S. penicillata. 25. Frontal view of head (face). 26. Ocellar tubercle. 27. Apex of bristles on ocellar tubercle. 28. Ventral view of labellum. 29. Frons. 30. Antenna: first flagellomere and arista. 31. Apex of wing. 32. Spine on wing apex;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446326/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">31, 32</figureCitation>
|
||
): length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE0C5C3910F225EBE70AA6CC3D2AE66" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.47" pageId="4" pageNumber="449" unit="mm" value="2.47">2.47 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width 1.13, apex bluntly pointed; membrane with dense microtrichia, surface irregular and weakly or slightly concave. Sc faint, incomplete; h and Sc break deep; C thickened where it meets R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910F225EBF5CAACBC758AE8D" attach="left" box="[1095,1103,1936,1950]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">1</subScript>
|
||
; C ending in M
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910F225EBE13AACBC607AE8D" attach="left" box="[1288,1296,1936,1950]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">1</subScript>
|
||
, with a row of 12 minute thorn-like spinules between R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910F225EB998AAEFC18BAED1" attach="left" box="[643,668,1972,1986]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">2+3</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910F225EB9FCAAEFC016AED1" attach="left" box="[743,769,1972,1986]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">4+5</subScript>
|
||
(ventral/adaxial surface of the wing); C spinules gradually decreasing in size apically. CII length (between apices R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910F225EB80BAA83C00FAEF5" attach="left" box="[784,792,2008,2022]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">1</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910F225EB845AA83C060AEF5" attach="left" box="[862,887,2008,2022]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">2+3</subScript>
|
||
) 1.22; CIII length (between apices R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910F225EBE0CAA83C627AEF5" attach="left" box="[1303,1328,2008,2022]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">2+3</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910F225EBE62AA83C684AEF5" attach="left" box="[1401,1427,2008,2022]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">4+5</subScript>
|
||
) 0.61. R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910E225FBBF2ADF1C214A9AB" attach="left" box="[233,259,170,184]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">2+3</subScript>
|
||
sinuous; R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910E225FBA99ADF1C28BA9AB" attach="left" box="[386,412,170,184]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">4+5</subScript>
|
||
slightly curved; distal portion of M
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910E225FB834ADF1C020A9AB" attach="left" box="[815,823,170,184]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">1</subScript>
|
||
faded; apex of M
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910E225FBF1BADF1C71FA9AB" attach="left" box="[1024,1032,170,184]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">1</subScript>
|
||
very close to apex of R
|
||
<subScript id="179C6A63910E225FBE0DADF1C627A9AB" attach="left" box="[1302,1328,170,184]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">4+5</subScript>
|
||
(distance ca. 2.5× thickness of veins). Section III (length of M between crossveins) 0.59, IV (M distal to dm-cu) 0.91. Apical portion of CuA (past dm-cu) abruptly bent. Anal lobe and alula well developed; anal vein present, incomplete; cup, br and bm present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA76826910E225FBBDCAC72C143AAFC" blockId="5.[151,1437,153,1007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">
|
||
Abdomen: Short, stout in both sexes; all tergites shiny, with fine, light, scattered setae. Sternites large, well developed and sclerotized. Male terminalia (Figs.: 15–24): Epandrium complex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FBF11AC16C79AA874" box="[1034,1165,332,359]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Figs 15–17</figureCitation>
|
||
): Epandrium wider than high with setae and microtrichia covering all its surface. Cercus higher than wide, reniform, with setae over all its surface. Surstylus conical with 3 thick ventral spines (apical spine longer, the only visible on terminal view,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FBE5DACCEC680A8BC" box="[1350,1431,404,431]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
; the other two, shorter, only seen in ventral view,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FB9DBACE2C005A8C0" box="[704,786,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
), plus ca. 15 ordinary setae in a line on the inner surface; both surstyli fused, forming a bridge dorsally. Subepandrial sclerite present, with pointed dorsolateral projections, connected by a membrane to hypandrium. Hypandrial complex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FB862AF5AC713AB08" box="[889,1028,513,539]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Figs. 18–21</figureCitation>
|
||
): Hypandrium Y-shaped, pregonites present and fused to it, extending dorsally and fused to each other, forming a “flap” that projects ventrally. Phallic complex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FBA1DAF12C299AB70" box="[262,398,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Figs. 18, 22</figureCitation>
|
||
): Phallapodeme well sclerotized, higher than wide, ventral margin longer than ventral margin of hypandrium, not fused to it. Phallic guide present as a ventral extension of the phallapodeme that touches the medioventral portion of hypandrium. Postgonites flanking the phallus, sclerotized, with several little spots covering the anterodorsal surface. Phallus entirely membranous: basiphallus bulbous, positioned between dorsal arms of phallapodeme, epiphallus longer, attached dorsally to basiphallus, distiphallus connected to basiphallus and arising from between the epiphallus and postgonites (phallic divisions better seen on lateral view,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FBF4BAFA6C7B4AA04" box="[1104,1187,765,791]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ejaculaory apodeme present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FBBE3AE7AC25CAA28" box="[248,331,801,827]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" captionTargetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[234,1353,166,1813]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15–24. Male terminalia of S. penicillata. 15. Terminal view. 16. Lateral view. 17. Ventral view. 18. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view. 19. Hypandrial complex, ventral view. 20. Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view. 21. Hypandrial complex, lateral view. 22. Phallic complex, ventral view. 23. Phallic complex, lateral view. 24. Ejaculatory apodeme. Abbreviations. Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
), racquet-like, connected to the phallic complex by a membrane. Female terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FBE1EAE7AC687AA28" box="[1285,1424,801,827]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1606,1631]" captionTargetBox="[153,1392,1030,1563]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1439,1029,1582]" captionText="FIGURES. 12–14. Female terminalia of S. penicillata. 12. External female terminalia. 13. Spermathecae. 14. Egg. Abbreviations. Cerc: cercus, Epiprct: epiproct, Hyprct: hypoproct, Spmth: spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Figs. 12–14</figureCitation>
|
||
): Epiproct round, setose; hypoproct triangular-shaped, bare; cerci long, fused dorsally; one group of medial short setae and another group of longer setae apically. Two spermathecae present, well sclerotized, ovoid, with several spots covering all its surface; spermathecal duct uniting both spermathecae dorsally; smaller sinuous tubes arising from distal ends of each spermathecae. Eggs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FB945AEEAC1A5AAD8" box="[606,690,945,971]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1606,1631]" captionTargetBox="[153,1392,1030,1563]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1439,1029,1582]" captionText="FIGURES. 12–14. Female terminalia of S. penicillata. 12. External female terminalia. 13. Spermathecae. 14. Egg. Abbreviations. Cerc: cercus, Epiprct: epiproct, Hyprct: hypoproct, Spmth: spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
): Numerous relatively small eggs per female; oval, spotted, with a small protuberance on one of its apices.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6738AE910E225FBB8CAB1DC0A0AF90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446322" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3446322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" startId="5.[151,264,1606,1631]" subCaptionStartIDs="5.[1327,1436,1606,1631]" subCaptionStarts="Abbr" targetBox="[153,1392,1030,1563]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA76826910E225FBB8CAB1DC0A0AF90" blockId="5.[151,1436,1606,1667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910E225FBB8CAB1DC24CAF4C" bold="true" box="[151,347,1606,1631]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">FIGURES. 12–14.</emphasis>
|
||
Female terminalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910E225FB927AB1CC1D6AF4C" authorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[572,705,1607,1631]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910E225FB927AB1CC1D6AF4C" box="[572,705,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">S. penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910E225FB9D4AB1DC1F8AF4C" bold="true" box="[719,751,1606,1631]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">12.</emphasis>
|
||
External female terminalia.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910E225FBF0AAB1DC726AF4C" bold="true" box="[1041,1073,1606,1631]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">13.</emphasis>
|
||
Spermathecae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910E225FBFC8AB1DC7E5AF4C" bold="true" box="[1235,1266,1606,1631]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">14.</emphasis>
|
||
Egg.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910E225FBE34AB1DC3C6AF90" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Abbreviations.</emphasis>
|
||
Cerc: cercus, Epiprct: epiproct, Hyprct: hypoproct, Spmth: spermatheca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA76826910E225FBBDCABEAC112AEF8" blockId="5.[151,1437,1713,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">
|
||
Coloration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132374A3910E225FBA4AABEAC2DAAFDF" box="[337,461,1713,1740]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–6" captionStart-1="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1829,1854]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1164,1189]" captionTargetBox-0="[247,1342,166,1796]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[237,1350,166,1796]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1435,181,1144]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–6. Stegana penicillata (Kertész) new combination from Peru. 1. Female: frontal view of head (face). 2. Female: lateral habitus. 3. Female: dorsal view of head and thorax. 4. Female: lateral view of head. 5. Male: lateral view of head. 6. Male: wing. Abbreviations. bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, cua: anterior cubital cell, CuA: anterior branch of cubita, CuA + CuP: anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein, dm: discal medial cell, dm-m: discal medial croossvein, h: humeral crossvein, M1:first branch of media, M4: fourth branch of media,R1: anterior branch of radius, R2+3: second branch of radius, R4+5: third branch of radius,r-m: radial medial crossvein, Sc: subcostal vein. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 7–11. S. penicillata female from French Guiana. 7. Lateral habitus. 8. Dorsal habitus. 9. Dorsal view of head (frons). 10. Frontal view of head (face). 11. Lateral view of head. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467934" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446320" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3467934/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3446320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Figs. 1–11</figureCitation>
|
||
): body mainly blackish-brown, with small contrasting light (yellow to orange) areas. Head: frons dark brown, frontal vitta black, dull; anterior half of frons ochre to orange. Eye light red. Face, clypeus, apical half of palp dark brown (proximal half yellowish); labellum whitish. Scape, pedicel, base of flagellomere 1 dark yellow to orange; apical third of flagellomere 1 dark brown. Arista with trunk and bases of branches whitish, apical portion of branches darker. Gena anteriorly yellow (orange), white in the region above the middle of eye and black posteriorly. Occiput dark brown. Scutum, scutellum, pleura dark brown, scutum shiny, scutellum dull (with pile-like microtrichia). Postpronotal lobe lighter, varying from pale yellow to orange. All femora and tibiae dark brown, tarsi lighter. Anterior half of wing dark brown, graded to clear/hyaline posteriorly. Halter light, buff. Tergites and sternites evenly dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF6738AE910D225CBB8CAA73C110AEE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446324" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3446324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" startId="6.[151,264,1832,1857]" targetBox="[235,1353,166,1813]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA76826910D225CBB8CAA73C110AEE6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1832,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CBB8CAA73C243AE52" bold="true" box="[151,340,1832,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">FIGURES 15–24.</emphasis>
|
||
Male terminalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910D225CB905AA72C1B3AE52" authorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[542,676,1833,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CB905AA72C1B3AE52" box="[542,676,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">S. penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CB9AAAA73C1C6AE52" bold="true" box="[689,721,1832,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">15.</emphasis>
|
||
Terminal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CB86EAA73C082AE52" bold="true" box="[885,917,1832,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">16.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CBF3DAA73C751AE52" bold="true" box="[1062,1094,1832,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">17.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CBFC2AA73C7EEAE52" bold="true" box="[1241,1273,1832,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">18.</emphasis>
|
||
Hypandrial and phallic complexes, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CBAC4AA17C2E8AE76" bold="true" box="[479,511,1868,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">19.</emphasis>
|
||
Hypandrial complex, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CB877AA17C09BAE76" bold="true" box="[876,908,1868,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">20.</emphasis>
|
||
Hypandrial and phallic complexes, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CBE66AA17C68BAE76" bold="true" box="[1405,1436,1868,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">21.</emphasis>
|
||
Hypandrial complex, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CBAEBAA2BC107AE9A" bold="true" box="[496,528,1904,1929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">22.</emphasis>
|
||
Phallic complex, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CB851AA2BC07EAE9A" bold="true" box="[842,873,1904,1929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">23.</emphasis>
|
||
Phallic complex, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CBF87AA2BC7ABAE9A" bold="true" box="[1180,1212,1904,1929]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">24.</emphasis>
|
||
Ejaculatory apodeme.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910D225CBB8CAACFC221AEBE" bold="true" box="[151,310,1940,1965]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">Abbreviations.</emphasis>
|
||
Basiph: basiphallus, Cerc: cercus, Distiph: distiphallus, Ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme. Epand: epandrium, Epiph: epiphallus, Hyp: hypandrium, Phapod: phallapodeme, Ph gd: phallic guide, Pgt: postgonites, Preg: pregonite, Sbepand scl: subepandrial sclerite, Sur: surstylus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6738AE910C225DBB8CAB7FC132AF97" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3446326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3446326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3446326/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" startId="7.[151,264,1572,1597]" targetBox="[152,1436,181,1547]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA76826910C225DBB8CAB7FC132AF97" blockId="7.[151,1437,1572,1669]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBB8CAB7FC244AF2E" bold="true" box="[151,339,1572,1597]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">FIGURES 25–32.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron micrograph (S.E.M) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910C225DB9E5AB7EC094AF2E" authorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[766,899,1573,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DB9E5AB7EC094AF2E" box="[766,899,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">S. penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DB894AB7FC0BFAF2E" bold="true" box="[911,936,1572,1597]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">25</emphasis>
|
||
. Frontal view of head (face).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBFD4AB7FC7F8AF2E" bold="true" box="[1231,1263,1572,1597]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">26.</emphasis>
|
||
Ocellar tubercle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBB8CAB13C3A0AF72" bold="true" box="[151,183,1608,1633]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">27.</emphasis>
|
||
Apex of bristles on ocellar tubercle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DB92AAB13C146AF72" bold="true" box="[561,593,1608,1633]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">28.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of labellum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DB87BAB13C097AF72" bold="true" box="[864,896,1608,1633]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">29.</emphasis>
|
||
Frons.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DB8D6AB13C0FAAF72" bold="true" box="[973,1005,1608,1633]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">30.</emphasis>
|
||
Antenna: first flagellomere and arista.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBE66AB13C68BAF72" bold="true" box="[1405,1436,1608,1633]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">31.</emphasis>
|
||
Apex of wing.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBA34AB37C258AF96" bold="true" box="[303,335,1644,1669]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">32.</emphasis>
|
||
Spine on wing apex;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3023BAD910C2252BBDCABE9C111A9C4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA76826910C2252BBDCABE9C111A9C4" blockId="7.[151,1437,1714,2030]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,153,215]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBBDCABE9C245AFDE" bold="true" box="[199,338,1714,1741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Comments:</emphasis>
|
||
although the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A3D684910C225DBAF7ABE8C159AFDE" box="[492,590,1715,1741]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was not dissected, we are confident that the flies we describe here are conspecific. The external morphology of these specimens agrees perfectly with the type. At this point we consider that it is premature to place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910C225DBAB3ABA7C129AE06" authorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[424,574,1787,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBAB3ABA7C129AE06" box="[424,574,1787,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">S. penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into one of the currently recognized five subgenera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910C225DBFA2ABA7C604AE05" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[1209,1299,1788,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBFA2ABA7C604AE05" box="[1209,1299,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Stegana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for several reasons: 1. Most of these subgenera were erected and treated many years ago by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910C225DBF3EAA44C7F1AE2A" author="Enderlein" box="[1061,1254,1823,1849]" firstAuthor="Enderlein" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="295 - 296" refId="ref5836" refString="Enderlein, G. (1922) Einige neue Drosophiliden. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift, 22, 295 - 296. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 4801922030 5" type="journal article" year="1922">Enderlein (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910C225DBFE9AA44C680AE2A" author="Hendel" box="[1266,1431,1823,1849]" firstAuthor="Hendel" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="617 - 636" refId="ref6023" refString="Hendel, V. F. (1913) Neue amerikanische Dipteren. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift, 13, 617 - 636." type="journal article" year="1913">Hendel (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910C225DBB8CAA18C23FAE4E" author="Duda" box="[151,296,1859,1885]" firstAuthor="Duda" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="24 - 59" refId="ref5804" refString="Duda, O. (1923) Die orientalischen und australischen drosophiliden-arten (dipteren) des ungarischen national-museums zu Budapest. Annales meuseu nationalis hungarici, 20, 24 - 59." type="journal article" year="1923">Duda (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910C225DBA2EAA18C2C4AE4E" author="Okada" box="[309,467,1859,1885]" firstAuthor="Okada" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="392 - 399" refId="ref6124" refString="Okada, T. (1978) Pseudostegana, a new subgenus of the genus Stegana Meigen (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Kontyu, 46, 392 - 399." type="journal article" year="1978">Okada (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910C225DBAC4AA18C187AE4D" author="Wheeler" box="[479,656,1859,1886]" firstAuthor="Wheeler" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="109 - 111" refId="ref6369" refString="Wheeler, M. R. (1960) A new subgenus and species of Stegana Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 62 (2), 109 - 111." type="journal article" year="1960">Wheeler (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and most recently by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910C225DB897AA18C745AE4E" author="Sidorenko" box="[908,1106,1859,1885]" firstAuthor="Sidorenko" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref6251" refString="Sidorenko, V. S. (2002) Phylogeny of the tribe Steganini Hendel and some related taxa (Diptera, Drosopidlidae). Far Eastern Entomologist, 111, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2002">Sidorenko (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910C225DBF91AA18C671AE4E" author="Zhang" box="[1162,1382,1859,1886]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhang" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="361 - 374" refId="ref6408" refString="Zhang, Y., Xu, M. F., Li, T. & Chen, H. W. (2012) Revision of the subgenus Orthostegana (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Stegana) from Eastern Asia. Entomotaxonomia, 34 (2), 361 - 374." type="journal article" year="2012">Zhang et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The monophyly of subgenera and the phylogenetic relationships between and within them hasn’t been explored satisfactorily (but see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910C225DBA20AAD0C2CFAEB6" author="Li" box="[315,472,1931,1958]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Li" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="412 - 416" refId="ref6046" refString="Li, T., Gao, J. J., Lu, J. M., Ji, X. L. & Chen, H. W. (2013) Phylogenetic relationship among East Asian species of the Stegana genus group (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 66, 412 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2012.09.00 4" type="journal article" year="2013">Li et al., 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8915D7910C225DB914AAD7C1C3AEB6" author="Wang" box="[527,724,1931,1958]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="1943 - 1970" refId="ref6286" refString="Wang, N. N., Zhang, Y., Cheng, Y. & Chen, H. W. (2017) Nine new species of the subgenus Stegana (Oxyphortica) from the Oriental region, with morphological and molecular evidence based on Chinese species (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Journal of Natural History, 51 (33 - 34), 1943 - 1970. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.136096 0" type="journal article" year="2017">Wang et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for considerations about the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910C225DBF00AAD7C762AEB5" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[1051,1141,1932,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBF00AAD7C762AEB5" box="[1051,1141,1932,1958]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Stegana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Oriental region). 2. There are many undescribed species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910C225DB949AAEBC1BBAED9" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[594,684,1968,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DB949AAEBC1BBAED9" box="[594,684,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Stegana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, particularly from the Neotropical Region, and it is very likely that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1813A5910C225DBB8CAA8FC23AAEFE" authorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Pirani & Grimaldi" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[151,301,2003,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Stegana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CB434910C225DBB8CAA8FC23AAEFE" box="[151,301,2003,2030]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">S. penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be closely related to any of these undescribed species in a possibly new subgenus. Taxonomic decisions of this nature should better be made in context to a taxonomic revision of the genus or at least a broad study of the Neotropical species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |