524 lines
64 KiB
XML
524 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="BAF2B416FA1DC3C116CE54056E8652DA" ID-CLB-Dataset="285701" ID-DOI="10.38201/btha.abc.v52.i1.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5c5f1945-6910-4495-989d-5c497e39fc30" ID-ISSN="2311-9284" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10515145" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1705345639645" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Robert, McKenzie & Helme, Nick" docDate="2022" docId="03B187F5FF9AFFADFF6CFA85FB5279F6" docLanguage="en" docName="Bothalia.52.1.a10.pdf" docOrigin="Bothalia (a 10) 52 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.38201/btha.abc.v52.i1.10" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C8C375161A5A5A90DC5116AFA74E0A4D.1:Bothalia.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="C8C375161A5A5A90DC5116AFA74E0A4D" docStyleName="Bothalia.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Arctotis gazanioides R. J. McKenzie & Helme 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FF88FF8DFF9BFFA8FFFBFFADFFAB7F00" masterDocTitle="Arctotis gazanioides (Asteraceae: Arctotideae), a new species from the Bokkeveld Plateau, Northern Cape Province, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="8" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1706097961641" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="47207C5C71A1B763A7383CDBE7914F7E">Arctotis gazanioides (Asteraceae: Arctotideae), a new species from the Bokkeveld Plateau, Northern Cape Province, South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="48EDF6CB1F9BAF8D4FD6DE6FA6500C02">Robert, McKenzie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D4BC6AB0CB2399B3A8D9FBE1A07BBD1F">Helme, Nick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="74DBA8D80BF5982D8761A5CCE8C0A4A3">Bothalia</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7E8A976AFEF8E24817982F6E8D7B9C9D">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="4A0889B8FE48EE8670DF0C229F65B4F3">a 10</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="F9C610086D0EE9727D76FBBC70D3DD04">2022-06-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1900E09487B361B7AFC739F3634F7ADE">52</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="2E79377F8E448222FEE645033175AC27">http://dx.doi.org/10.38201/btha.abc.v52.i1.10</mods:url>
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<treatment id="03B187F5FF9AFFADFF6CFA85FB5279F6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10533894" ID-GBIF-Taxon="220859650" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10533894" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B187F5FF9AFFADFF6CFA85FB5279F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B187F5FF9AFFADFF6CFA85FB5279F6" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9AFFA9FF6CFA85FD0379B3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FF6CFA85FE487A75" blockId="1.[151,523,1320,1397]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="D0EF818FFF9AFFA9FF6CFA85FDA07A4B" box="[151,523,1320,1355]" fontSize="14" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="2">Key to species allied to</heading>
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FF6CFAFFFE487A75" ID-CoL="9WH7L" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,483,1362,1397]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">Arctotis gazanioides</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FF6CFA34FD0379B3" blockId="1.[151,765,1433,1715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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This key is to the perennial
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FE3DFA34FDDB7AB2" box="[454,624,1433,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FE3DFA34FDB27AB2" box="[454,537,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Arctotis</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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with scapigerous shoots and an
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FE85FA14FE647AD2" box="[382,463,1465,1490]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
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‘
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FE7EFA14FE647AD2" box="[389,463,1465,1490]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">acaulis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’-
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<typeStatus id="54A38841FF9AFFA9FE22FA14FDBB7AD2" box="[473,528,1465,1490]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">type</typeStatus>
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cypsela in which the cypsela is conspicuously constricted at the base, with three abaxial wings fused above the cypsela base, and crowned with a biseriate pappus of scales. Wherever possible, material from mature (ideally fruiting) plants should be used for reliable identification in
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FD5AF9F7FD5F7973" authorityName="Robert & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[673,756,1626,1651]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FD5AF9F7FD5F7973" box="[673,756,1626,1651]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Arctotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Young plants of rhizomatous species might appear taprooted but are identifiable from leaf characters.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9AFFA9FF6CF964FA377E6E" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="key">
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FF6CF964FD357823" blockId="1.[151,719,1737,2099]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1a. Rootstock taprooted, woody, ± turbinate, often lacking secondary roots in upper portion; aerial shoots arising from rootstock crown:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FF5DF894FA377E6E" blockId="1.[151,719,1737,2099]" lastBlockId="1.[824,1437,212,1461]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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2a. Mature leaves discolorous, adaxial surface pilose or glabrescent, not densely lanate, abaxial surface densely lanate, either simple (lamina outline ovate to elliptic) or pinnatisect or lyrate-pinnatisect (lamina outline obovate to elliptic; terminal lobe ovate, rarely ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic), with 0–5(–7) pairs of lateral lobes
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<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9AFFA9FDE4F7B7FD267733" box="[543,653,2074,2099]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="2.0">2–35 mm</quantity>
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long, the longest lobes typically similar in length to terminal lobe width; apical appendage of outer involucral bracts 3.0–8.5(–10.5) mm long, ascending or reflexed.................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FBA7FEF8FAAA7E6E" box="[1116,1281,341,366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FBA7FEF8FAAA7E6E" box="[1116,1281,341,366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Arctotis acaulis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L.
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FADFFEF8FA377E6E" box="[1316,1436,341,366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="acaulis" variety="acaulis">
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var.
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FAA9FEF8FA377E6E" box="[1362,1436,341,366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">acaulis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9AFFA9FCBCFE28FA367AB5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FCBCFE28FA367DE0" blockId="1.[824,1437,212,1461]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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2b. Mature leaves densely lanate on adaxial and abaxial surfaces, usually simple (lamina outline ovate to subcordate), rarely lyrate-pinnatisect (lamina outline obovate to obovate-elliptic; terminal lobe ovate to subcordate) with 1–2 pairs of lateral lobes
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<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9AFFA9FB31FD8BFA9C7D3F" box="[1226,1335,550,575]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="2.0">2–15 mm</quantity>
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long and considerably shorter than terminal lobe width; apical appendage of outer involucral bracts 0.5–2.5(–7.0) mm long, appressed or ascending or shortly reflexed.............................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FB83FD6AFA367DE0" authority="Harv." authorityName="Harv." box="[1144,1437,711,736]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verbascifolia">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FB83FD6AFAF17DE0" box="[1144,1370,711,736]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Arctotis verbascifolia</emphasis>
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Harv.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FCC3FD5AFA327C50" blockId="1.[824,1437,212,1461]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1b. Rootstock rhizomatous, rhizomes stout, woody, branching, with abundant fibrous adventitious roots; aerial shoots terminal on rhizome branches:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FCBCFCCBFA367BA2" blockId="1.[824,1437,212,1461]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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3a. Leaves simple (lamina outline lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic), or pinnatisect (lamina outline lanceolate-elliptic or obovate-elliptic; terminal lobe lanceolate, lanceolate-elliptic or lanceolate-ovate), lateral lobes usually longer or of similar length to terminal lobe width, lobe apex frequently curved towards leaf apex; cypsela abaxial and lateral (radial) surfaces sparsely to moderately lanate...................
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FBABFB24FA947BA2" authority="Robert & Helme, 2022" authorityName="Robert & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[1104,1343,1161,1186]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FBABFB24FA947BA2" bold="true" box="[1104,1343,1161,1186]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Arctotis gazanioides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F578AFF9AFFA9FABDFB24FA367BA2" box="[1350,1437,1161,1186]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FCBCFB15FA367AB5" blockId="1.[824,1437,212,1461]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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3b. Leaves simple (lamina outline ovate to subcordate) or lyrate-pinnatisect (lamina outline obovate to obovate-elliptic; terminal lobe ovate to subcordate), lateral lobes similar in length or shorter than terminal lobe width, lobe apex not curved towards leaf apex; cypsela abaxial and lateral (radial) surfaces glabrous........
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FBD7FA37FA367AB5" authority="DC." authorityName="DC." box="[1068,1437,1434,1461]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="acaulis" variety="undulata">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FBD7FA37FB7A7AB3" box="[1068,1233,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Arctotis acaulis</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FAFCFA37FAC37AB3" box="[1287,1384,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">undulata</emphasis>
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DC.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<heading id="D0EF818FFF9AFFA9FCC3FA75FBDC7972" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="7">
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<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9AFFA9FCC3FA75FC3F7911" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FCC3FA75FC3F7911" blockId="1.[824,1437,1496,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9AFFA9FCC3FA75FACE7AF1" ID-CoL="9WH7L" authority="R.J.McKenzie & Helme" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[824,1381,1496,1521]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FCC3FA75FB9A7AF1" bold="true" box="[824,1073,1496,1521]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Arctotis gazanioides</emphasis>
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<collectorName id="26ED5335FF9AFFA9FBBEFA75FACE7AF1" box="[1093,1381,1496,1521]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">R.J.McKenzie & Helme</collectorName>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F578AFF9AFFA9FA86FA75FC3F7911" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9AFFA9FC53FA55FBDC7972" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFA9FC53FA55FBDC7972" blockId="1.[824,1437,1496,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<typeStatus id="54A38841FF9AFFA9FC53FA55FC487911" box="[936,995,1528,1553]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="F30F7673FF9AFFA9FC02FA57FB697914" box="[1017,1218,1530,1556]" name="South Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FB22FA55FA3E7913" bold="true" box="[1241,1429,1528,1555]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<collectingRegion id="49DCF801FF9AFFA9FB22FA55FA3E7913" box="[1241,1429,1528,1555]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC3AC99FF9AFFA9FC9EF9B4FBBB7932" box="[869,1040,1561,1586]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Nieuwoudtville</collectingMunicipality>
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(3119):
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<location id="8EC76038FF9AFFA9FB81F9B4FA377932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B187F5FF9AFFADFF6CFA85FB5279F6:8EC76038FF9AFFA9FB81F9B4FA377932" box="[1146,1436,1561,1586]" country="South Africa" municipality="Nieuwoudtville" name="Avontuur Nature Reserve" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Avontuur Nature Reserve</location>
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(–AC),
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<date id="FFA61023FF9AFFA9FC4EF994FBF47952" box="[949,1119,1593,1620]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2019-09-29">
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<collectingDate id="EFE2E9CBFF9AFFA9FC4EF994FBF47952" box="[949,1119,1593,1620]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2019-09-29">29 Sept. 2019</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FB97F994FAE77952" box="[1132,1356,1593,1618]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">R.J. McKenzie 3536</emphasis>
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(NBG, holo.; GRA, K, PRE, iso.)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9AFFACFCC3F935FEB47733" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9AFFACFCC3F935FEB47733" blockId="1.[823,1437,1688,2099]" lastBlockId="4.[150,765,1434,2099]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FCC3F935FC4979B1" box="[824,994,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Evergreen herb</emphasis>
|
||
initially rosulate, caespitose with age, clumps to ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9AFFA9FC37F915FB8779D1" box="[972,1068,1720,1745]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="400.0">400 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9AFFA9FB29F915FAC779D1" box="[1234,1388,1720,1745]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="150.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="100.0">100–200 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FCC3F975FC0D79F1" box="[824,934,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Rootstock</emphasis>
|
||
of young plants taprooted, rhizomatous with age, rhizome cylindrical, stout, branching, woody, to ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9AFFA9FCACF8B5FC017831" box="[855,938,1816,1841]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter, bearing abundant fibrous adventitious roots.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FC35F895FBA47851" box="[974,1039,1848,1873]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Stems</emphasis>
|
||
terminal on rhizome branches, internodes indistinct.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9AFFA9FBE0F8F4FBC87872" box="[1051,1123,1881,1906]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
crowded basally, spreading to ascending, lamina simple to pinnatisect (typically varying on the same plant), lamina simple (outline lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic) or pinnatisect (outline lanceolate-elliptic or obovate-elliptic), (40–)60–180 × (6–)
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9AFFA9FC79F857FBA37713" box="[898,1032,2042,2067]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="10.0">10–27 mm</quantity>
|
||
, length:width ratio 1.9–6.7, terminal lobe when present lanceolate, lanceolate-ovate or lanceolate-elliptic, 20–60(–80) ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF99FFAAFD8DFF79FD537FED" box="[630,760,212,237]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="6.0">6–25 mm</quantity>
|
||
, length:width ratio 1.5–7.1, acute to obtuse, lateral lobes 0–4 pairs, longest lobes usually exceeding terminal lobe width, decreasing in length towards leaf base, oblong to oblong-triangular, often antrorse (i.e., lobe apex curved towards leaf apex), 2.5–15 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF99FFAAFAE2FF79FA377FED" box="[1305,1436,212,237]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="7.75" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–14 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at base, obtuse, lamina plane or subcanaliculate, margin plane or weakly undulate, dentate-crenate to incised, mucronate, discolorous, adaxial surface with soft short dense pilose pubescence, developing leaves sparsely–moderately lanate becoming glabrescent, abaxial surface densely lanate between major veins, pseudopetiolate, pseudopetiole 20–70 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFDC6FEB8FD0B7E2E" box="[573,672,277,302]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, whitish green or reddish purple, adaxial surface sparsely lanate, abaxial surface densely lanate between ribs, often with dense translucent pilose pubescence on both surfaces, base broadened,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFEA0FE38FE127EAE" box="[347,441,405,430]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, semi-amplexicaul, exauriculate, base densely lanate on both surfaces.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF98FFABFD4DFE18FF7B7EEE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Capitulum</emphasis>
|
||
terminal, scapose, radiate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFDF4FE78FD267EEE" box="[527,653,469,494]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="40.0">40–55 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter across open rays.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF98FFABFEA1FE58FE147D0E" box="[346,447,501,526]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Peduncle</emphasis>
|
||
erect, longitudinally ribbed, densely lanate between ribs, dense dark red-purple pilose pubescence along entire length,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFD90FD98FD507D4E" box="[619,763,565,590]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="120.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="90.0">90–150 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, elongating until fruit maturation, naked.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF98FFABFD38FDF8FF657D8E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Involucre</emphasis>
|
||
multiseriate, 14–18 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFE1AFDD8FDCE7D8E" box="[481,613,629,654]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="19.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="18.0">18–21 mm</quantity>
|
||
; outer bracts triangular to triangular-ovate, appendiculate, glabrous to sparsely lanate, margins often flushed red-purple, base 1.5–5.6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFEA7FD7BFE447DEF" box="[348,495,726,751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="1.2">1.2–4.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apical appendage linear, reflexed, 2.0–8.8 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFE45FD5BFDFA7C0F" box="[446,593,758,783]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, obtuse, adaxial surface moderately lanate and pilose, abaxial surface densely lanate, appendage length:base length ratio 1.0–2.0; medial bracts ovate-triangular, margins flushed red-purple, obtuse to rounded, appendage rudimental or lacking, glabrous; inner bracts ovateoblong to obovate-oblong, glabrous, obtuse to rounded, occasionally retuse, 10–16 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFDC8FC7BFD377CEF" box="[563,668,982,1007]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, margin entire to erose, usually flushed red-purple, glabrous.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF98FFABFCC3FF58FC1A7E0E" box="[824,945,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Receptacle</emphasis>
|
||
hemispherical, shallowly alveolate, alveolae to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFC6FFEB8FC557E2E" box="[916,1022,277,302]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.25">1.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, fimbriate, fimbria to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFABBFEB8FA377E2E" box="[1344,1436,277,302]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF98FFABFC80FE98FC5B7E4E" box="[891,1008,309,334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ray florets</emphasis>
|
||
21–27, functionally female, ray limb 18–24 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFC49FEF8FBEC7E6E" box="[946,1095,341,366]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="4.65" valueMax="4.9" valueMin="4.4">4.4–4.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, acute to obtuse, tridentate, limb adaxial surface orange or yellow-orange with black spot at base, adaxial lobe absent, abaxial surface flushed red-purple, abaxial surface with moderate glandular hairs, corolla tube glabrous, 3.9–4.0 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFA92FE78FC337D0E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.1">1.11.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; staminodes ovate-lanceolate, blackish; style arms ovate-lanceolate, blackish green, 1.0–1.2 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFA91FDB8FC317D4E" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.40.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; cypsela obovoid-obconical, base conspicuously constricted below the cavities, 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFAF7FDF8FACE7D6E" box="[1292,1381,597,622]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFCACFDD8FC487D8E" box="[855,995,629,654]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="2.3" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (tangential) ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFB2BFDD8FAF77D8E" box="[1232,1372,629,654]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="2.3" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (radial), abaxial surface with three wings fused above the base and forming two cavities, medial wing equal in length to or slightly longer than lateral wings, lateral wings hardly incurved, cavities 1.5–1.6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFAF7FD5BFA327C0F" box="[1292,1433,758,783]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, triangular-linear, obtuse at base, wing margin entire or with incurved acute triangular-linear teeth to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF98FFABFAB9FC9BFA377C4F" box="[1346,1436,822,847]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, partially to ± fully occluding cavity in lower half, medial wing margin entire or rugose-dentate; abaxial surface sparsely lanate, lateral (radial) surfaces moderately lanate, adaxial surface densely lanate; basal whorl of twin hairs ± equal in length to or slightly longer than cypsela, to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFEECFA37FEC47AB3" box="[279,367,1434,1459]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, twin hair apex shortly forked (to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFF3BFA16FEB77AD4" box="[192,284,1467,1492]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) of unequal or equal length; apical plate shortly pubescent, twin hairs to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFDFEFA70FDF47AF6" box="[517,607,1501,1526]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; pappus of scales, biseriate, pigmented purple-brown, strawbrown or ± translucent, outer whorl 0.4–2.1 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFD32F98CFF58795B" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.40.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, longer on adaxial side, lanceolate to obovateoblong, acute to obtuse, lacerate to erose, inner whorl longer than cypsela, 3.7–7.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFDE9F92BFD0D799F" box="[530,678,1670,1695]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, longer on abaxial side, obovate to obovate-oblong, rounded to obtuse, erose, outer surface acutely papillate.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFD36F964FF707804" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Disc florets</emphasis>
|
||
∞, outer florets hermaphrodite, inner florets functionally male, corolla funnelform, corolla tube 4.0–5.0 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFEE9F883FE0B7847" box="[274,416,1838,1863]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, glabrous, corolla lobes abaxial surface black, adaxial surface greenish orange, 1.2–1.8 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFF4FF8DFFEE9788B" box="[180,322,1906,1931]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, glandular trichomes sparse–moderate; anthers blackish, apical appendage subrotund-ovate, rounded, pollen orange-yellow; style thickening blackish grey,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFEF2F87AFE3778F0" box="[265,412,2007,2032]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.9">1.9–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, arms oblong-ovate, to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFF6CF854FF5B7712" box="[151,240,2041,2066]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; cypsela of outer florets as for ray florets.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13232A66FF9FFFACFF63F7B7FEB07733" box="[152,283,2074,2099]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStartId-0="2.[152,214,1966,1988]" captionStartId-1="3.[150,212,2022,2044]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,213,1271,1293]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1432,441,1949]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,1077,2004]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,212,1254]" captionTargetId-0="figure-97@2.[151,1436,439,1950]" captionTargetId-1="figure-411@3.[151,1436,1077,2004]" captionTargetId-2="figure-362@4.[151,1436,212,1254]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="Figure 1. Morphology of Arctotis gazanioides. A, flowering shoot and portion of rhizome branch; B, leaves, adaxial surface; C, involucral bracts, abaxial surface, series from outermost (left) to innermost (right); D, ray floret; E, disc florets, peripheral (left) and central (right); F, ray floret pappus scales, smallest and largest scales from outer whorl (left) and inner whorl (right); G, style of ray floret; H, style of peripheral disc floret; I, stamen. Pappus scales and twin hairs on the abaxial side are not depicted in D and E for visual purposes. Scale bars: A, 50 mm; B, 20 mm; C, D, 5 mm; E, 2 mm; F, 1 mm; G–I, 0.5 mm. [R. J. McKenzie 3536/1 (NBG)]. Artist: R. J. McKenzie." captionText-1="Figure 2. Morphology of Arctotis gazanioides. A, B, Plants in habitat, showing variation in leaf form; C, capitulum, face view; D, capitulum, lateral view; E, ray floret cypsela, abaxial/radial surfaces (note that the basal twin hairs on the abaxial side have been removed for visual purposes). Scale bar: 2 mm. Photographs: A, N.A. Helme; B–E, R.J. McKenzie." captionText-2="Figure 3. Root system ofArctotis acaulis and A. gazanioides. A, branch of rhizome ofA. gazanioides (McKenzie 3536/3, NBG); B, rootstock of A. acaulis var. acaulis (McKenzie 3458, NBG); C, branch of rhizome of A. acaulis var. undulata (McKenzie 3203/2, NBG). Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10515147" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10515149" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10515151" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10515147/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10515149/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10515151/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figures 1–3</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF67666BFF99FFAAFF63F803FA357734" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10515147" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10515147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10515147/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[152,214,1966,1988]" targetBox="[151,1432,441,1949]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF99FFAAFF63F803FA357734" blockId="2.[152,1439,1966,2100]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF99FFAAFF63F803FF4578C4" bold="true" box="[152,238,1966,1988]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF99FFAAFE7EF803FD9578C4" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[389,574,1966,1988]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF99FFAAFE7EF803FD9578C4" box="[389,574,1966,1988]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Arctotis gazanioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, flowering shoot and portion of rhizome branch; B, leaves, adaxial surface; C, involucral bracts, abaxial surface, series from outermost (left) to innermost (right); D, ray floret; E, disc florets, peripheral (left) and central (right); F, ray floret pappus scales, smallest and largest scales from outer whorl (left) and inner whorl (right); G, style of ray floret; H, style of peripheral disc floret; I, stamen. Pappus scales and twin hairs on the abaxial side are not depicted in D and E for visual purposes. Scale bars: A, 50 mm; B, 20 mm; C, D, 5 mm; E, 2 mm; F, 1 mm; G–I, 0.5 mm. [
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF99FFAAFC56F7B3FBD67734" box="[941,1149,2078,2100]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">R. J. McKenzie 3536/1</emphasis>
|
||
(NBG)]. Artist: R. J. McKenzie.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF67666BFF98FFABFF6DF84BFC517734" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10515149" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10515149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10515149/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[150,212,2022,2044]" targetBox="[151,1436,1077,2004]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF98FFABFF6DF84BFC517734" blockId="3.[150,1437,2022,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF98FFABFF6DF84BFF4678FC" bold="true" box="[150,237,2022,2044]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF98FFABFE73F84BFDEA78FC" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[392,577,2022,2044]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF98FFABFE73F84BFDEA78FC" box="[392,577,2022,2044]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Arctotis gazanioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, B, Plants in habitat, showing variation in leaf form; C, capitulum, face view; D, capitulum, lateral view; E, ray floret cypsela, abaxial/radial surfaces (note that the basal twin hairs on the abaxial side have been removed for visual purposes). Scale bar: 2 mm. Photographs: A, N.A. Helme; B–E, R.J. McKenzie.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF67666BFF9FFFACFF6CFB5AFEAA7A45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10515151" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10515151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10515151/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[151,213,1271,1293]" targetBox="[151,1436,212,1254]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9FFFACFF6CFB5AFEAA7A45" blockId="4.[151,1437,1271,1349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFF6CFB5AFF477A0D" bold="true" box="[151,236,1271,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Root system of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9FFFACFE85FB5AFDA27A0D" box="[382,521,1271,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFE85FB5AFDA27A0D" box="[382,521,1271,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arctotis acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9FFFACFDC3FB5AFD167A0D" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[568,701,1271,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFDC3FB5AFD167A0D" box="[568,701,1271,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. gazanioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, branch of rhizome of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9FFFACFC51FB5AFB847A0D" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[938,1071,1271,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFC51FB5AFB847A0D" box="[938,1071,1271,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. gazanioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFBC7FB5AFB4B7A0D" box="[1084,1248,1271,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">McKenzie 3536/3</emphasis>
|
||
, NBG); B, rootstock of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9FFFACFF35FABEFE397A29" authority="var. acaulis" box="[206,402,1299,1321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="acaulis" variety="acaulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFF35FABEFE8D7A29" box="[206,294,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFEA8FABEFE397A29" box="[339,402,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFE64FABEFD9A7A29" box="[415,561,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">McKenzie 3458</emphasis>
|
||
, NBG); C, branch of rhizome of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9FFFACFC93FABEFBEB7A29" box="[872,1088,1299,1321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="acaulis" variety="undulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFC93FABEFC6B7A29" box="[872,960,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFC16FABEFBEB7A29" box="[1005,1088,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">undulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFBB7FABEFB5A7A29" box="[1100,1265,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">McKenzie 3203/2</emphasis>
|
||
, NBG). Scale bar: 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9FFFACFCC3FA37FAC27963" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9FFFACFCC3FA37FBF87AB3" blockId="4.[824,1107,1434,1459]" box="[824,1107,1434,1459]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFCC3FA37FBF87AB3" bold="true" box="[824,1107,1434,1459]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9FFFACFCC3FA64FAC27963" blockId="4.[823,1437,1481,1635]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Known only from a small area on the Bokkeveld Plateau north of Nieuwoudtville in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DCF801FF9FFFACFB76FA44FA307902" box="[1165,1435,1513,1541]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Northern Cape Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F7673FF9FFFACFCAFF9A6FC707923" box="[852,987,1546,1573]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13232A66FF9FFFACFC1CF9A7FBEE7923" box="[999,1093,1546,1571]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[1089,1151,748,770]" captionTargetBox="[151,1059,213,792]" captionTargetId="figure-543@5.[166,1043,228,775]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution of Arctotis gazanioides." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10515155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10515155/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The species is associated with seasonally wet loamy sands in the Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos (FFs 1) vegetation unit (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B12FF9FFFACFB77F9E7FAF57963" author="Rebelo, A. G. & Boucher, C. & Helme, N. & Mucina, L. & Rutherford, M. C." box="[1164,1374,1610,1635]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="52 - 219" refId="ref4448" refString="Rebelo, A. G., Boucher, C., Helme, N., Mucina, L. & Rutherford, M. C., 2006, ' Fynbos Biome', in L. Mucina & M. C. Rutherford (eds), The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland, Strelitzia 19, 52 - 219, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. http: // biodiversityadvisor. sanbi. org / wp-content / uploads / 2015 / 12 / Strelitzia _ 19 _ 2006 _ Part _ 1. pdf." type="journal article" year="2006">Rebelo et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9FFFACFCC3F927FB567736" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9FFFACFCC3F927FC3A79A3" blockId="4.[824,913,1674,1699]" box="[824,913,1674,1699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9FFFACFCC3F927FC3A79A3" bold="true" box="[824,913,1674,1699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9FFFACFCC3F967FB567736" blockId="4.[824,1437,1738,2102]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The species grows in seasonally wet, deep loamy sand at approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFC04F941FBE17805" box="[1023,1098,1772,1797]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation. The seasonally wet areas constitute discrete localised areas within a matrix of the surrounding fynbos and transitional renosterveld vegetation. Average annual rainfall at Avontuur is approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9FFFACFC33F8DFFB80788B" box="[968,1067,1906,1931]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="400.0">400 mm</quantity>
|
||
falling predominantly in winter (March–October), but with a strong rainfall gradient from the edge of the Bokkeveld Escarpment eastwards and marked inter-annual variability in the Nieuwoudtville area (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B12FF9FFFACFC55F857FB187712" author="Snijman, D. & Perry, P." box="[942,1203,2041,2068]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="445 - 454" refId="ref4622" refString="Snijman, D. & Perry, P., 1987, ' A floristic analysis of the Nieuwoudtville Wild Flower Reserve, north-western Cape', South African Journal of Botany, 53, 445 - 454. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0254 - 6299 (16) 31378 - 3." type="journal article" year="1987">Snijman & Perry 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Oettlé et al. 2019). The flowering period is August–October.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF67666BFF9EFFADFBBAFD41FB7A7C1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10515155" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10515155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10515155/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[1089,1151,748,770]" targetBox="[151,1059,213,792]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFBBAFD41FB7A7C1E" blockId="5.[1089,1436,748,798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFBBAFD41FB0A7C02" bold="true" box="[1089,1185,748,770]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFAAEFD41FB607C1E" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFAAEFD41FB607C1E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arctotis gazanioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9EFFADFF6CFCF8FD927B30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFF6CFCF8FEBB7C6E" blockId="5.[151,272,853,878]" box="[151,272,853,878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFF6CFCF8FEBB7C6E" bold="true" box="[151,272,853,878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFF6CFC39FD927B30" blockId="5.[151,763,916,1072]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The epithet is an adjective derived from the genus name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFF24FC19FE937CCD" box="[223,312,948,973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gazania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFF24FC19FE937CCD" box="[223,312,948,973]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gazania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the suffix -
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFE14FC18FD827CCE" box="[495,553,949,974]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">oides</emphasis>
|
||
, indicating resemblance, alluding to the superficial resemblance to certain
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFF37FC5BFE4B7B0F" box="[204,480,1014,1042]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFF37FC5BFE8E7B0F" box="[204,293,1014,1039]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gazania</emphasis>
|
||
Gaertn. species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in producing dimorphic leaves (simple and pinnatisect forms).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9EFFADFF6CFBF9FD6E7BAA" box="[151,709,1108,1196]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFF6CFBF9FEBC7B6D" blockId="5.[151,279,1108,1133]" box="[151,279,1108,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading id="D0EF818FFF9EFFADFF6CFBF9FEBC7B6D" box="[151,279,1108,1133]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFF6CFBF9FEBC7B6D" bold="true" box="[151,279,1108,1133]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Illustration</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFF6CFB3FFD6E7BAA" blockId="5.[151,709,1169,1196]" box="[151,709,1169,1196]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Oettlé et al. (2019): 122 (“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFE39FB3CFDBE7BAA" authority="Robert & Helme, 2022" authorityName="Robert & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[450,533,1169,1194]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="species nova">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFE39FB3CFDBE7BAA" box="[450,533,1169,1194]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arctotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F578AFF9EFFADFDE6FB3CFD1A7BAA" box="[541,689,1169,1194]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">species nova</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
”).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9EFFADFF6CFB63FD7D7733" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFF6CFB63FE757BE7" blockId="5.[151,478,1230,1255]" box="[151,478,1230,1255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFF6CFB63FE757BE7" bold="true" box="[151,478,1230,1255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis and relationships</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFF6CFAA6FD42796C" blockId="5.[151,764,1290,1644]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Perennial herb differing from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFE1AFAA6FD2E7A24" box="[481,645,1291,1316]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFE1AFAA6FD2E7A24" box="[481,645,1291,1316]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arctotis acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09AE26FF9EFFADFD76FAA6FD357A24" box="[653,670,1291,1316]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFD52FAA6FEBF7A47" authority="DC." authorityName="DC." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="acaulis" variety="undulata">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFD2CFAA6FF777A44" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">undulata</emphasis>
|
||
DC.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having leaves with a lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic lamina (when simple) or terminal lobe (when pinnatisect) (versus ovate to subcordate in both cases), and cypselae lanate on all surfaces (versus cypselae glabrous or lanate only on adaxial surface); and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFF2FFA7DFED17AE9" box="[212,378,1488,1513]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFF2FFA7DFED17AE9" box="[212,378,1488,1513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arctotis acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09AE26FF9EFFADFE79FA7DFE387AE9" box="[386,403,1488,1513]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFE64FA7DFDB27AE9" box="[415,537,1488,1513]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="acaulis" variety="acaulis">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFE34FA7DFDB27AE9" box="[463,537,1488,1513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a branching rhizome bearing abundant fibrous adventitious roots (versus ± turbinate taproot), and leaf lamina lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic in outline (versus variable in outline but never lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFF6CF93DFD7D7733" blockId="5.[151,766,1680,2099]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFF6CF93DFEC579A9" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,366,1680,1705]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFF6CF93DFEC579A9" box="[151,366,1680,1705]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arctotis gazanioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is hypothesised to be closely allied to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFF48F91CFEB379CA" box="[179,280,1713,1738]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFF48F91CFEB379CA" box="[179,280,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of cypsela morphology (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B12FF9EFFADFD34F91CFEC779EB" author="McKenzie, R. J. & Samuel, J. & Muller, E. M. & Skinner, A. K. W. & Barker, N. P." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="569 - 594" refId="ref4322" refString="McKenzie, R. J., Samuel, J., Muller, E. M., Skinner, A. K. W., Barker, N. P., 2005, ' Morphology of cypselae in subtribe Arctotidinae (Compositae - Arctotideae) and its taxonomic implications', Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 92, 569 - 594. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 40035740. Oettle, N., Janssen, J., Schaminee, J., Helme, N., Myeza, S. & Kuhlmann, M., 2019, A Guide to Avontuur, Environmental Monitoring Group, Cape Town and Nieuwoudtville." type="journal article" year="2005">McKenzie et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFE84F97FFDFC79EB" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" box="[383,599,1746,1771]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFE84F97FFDFC79EB" box="[383,599,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arctotis gazanioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is diagnosable by the combination of a rhizomatous habit, leaves with a lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic lamina (when simple) or lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic terminal lobe (when pinnatisect), and cypselae lanate on all surfaces.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFD57F8F8FEB8788F" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFD57F8F8FEB8788F" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arctotis gazanioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFEB2F8DBFD94788F" box="[329,575,1910,1935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="acaulis" variety="undulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFEB2F8DBFE05788F" box="[329,430,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFE1BF8DBFD94788F" box="[480,575,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">undulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are hypothesised to have arisen independently from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFDF6F83AFDDA78B0" box="[525,625,1943,1968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acaulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFDF6F83AFDDA78B0" box="[525,625,1943,1968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. acaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like progenitors as adaptations to seasonally inundated habitats.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D60FF9EFFADFD34F815FEE078F2" authorityName="R. J. McKenzie & Helme" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Arctotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gazanioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFD34F815FEE078F2" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arctotis gazanioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguishable from other morphologically similar species by caulescence, lamina shape, pubescence and involucral bract characters (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69A0358FF9EFFADFD83F7B7FD6E7733" box="[632,709,2074,2099]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[149,202,572,595]" captionTargetBox="[163,2013,630,1650]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 1. Selected morphological differences among Arctotis gazanioides and morphologically similar perennial Arctotis species" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF67666BFF9DFFAEFF6EFD91FAEB7D53" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableUuid="DF67666BFF9DFFAEFF6EFD91FAEB7D53">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9EFFADFCC3FCF5FBB87919" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFCC3FCF5FBB47C70" blockId="5.[824,1055,855,881]" box="[824,1055,855,881]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFCC3FCF5FBB47C70" bold="true" box="[824,1055,855,881]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Conservation status</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFCC3FC39FBB87919" blockId="5.[822,1439,916,1561]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The species is geographically localised, being currently known from a single property, and is ecologically specialised. It is currently protected within the Avontuur Nature Reserve, which contains the last extensive area of relatively undisturbed Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos on the northern Bokkeveld Plateau (Oettlé et al. 2019). Currently, the reserve is partly managed for sustainable agricultural production. Most of the similar habitat on nearby properties in the area has been transformed by cultivation, and it is likely that most other potential subpopulations have thus been lost, but much of this loss probably occurred more than 30 years ago. Predicted climate change as a result of global warming, leading to a warmer and drier regional climate with a shorter rainfall season (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B12FF9EFFADFC11FAF0FAAA7A76" author="Engelbrecht, F. A. & McGregor, J. L. & Engelbrecht, C. J." box="[1002,1281,1373,1398]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1013 - 1033" refId="ref3897" refString="Engelbrecht, F. A., McGregor, J. L. & Engelbrecht, C. J., 2009, ' Dynamics of the Conformal-Cubic Atmospheric Model projected climate-change signal over southern Africa', International Journal of Climatology, 29, 1013 - 1033. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / joc. 1742." type="journal article" year="2009">Engelbrecht et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), may impact on the future extent of available habitat. The Extent of Occurrence (EOO) is <
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9EFFADFBB8FA33FB237AB7" box="[1091,1160,1438,1463]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C6D9BABFF9EFFADFB73FA33FB3A7AAD" attach="left" box="[1160,1169,1438,1453]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</superScript>
|
||
and Area of Occupancy (AOO) is <
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9EFFADFC47FA13FC5F7AD7" box="[956,1012,1470,1495]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C6D9BABFF9EFFADFC0EFA13FC557ACD" attach="right" box="[1013,1022,1470,1485]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</superScript>
|
||
. Given the plausible potential threats noted here, a conservation status of VU D2 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B12FF9EFFADFAA1FA4DFCDF7919" author="IUCN" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref3958" refString="IUCN, 2012, ' IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1 ', 2 nd edition, IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland and Cambridge. https: // portals. iucn. org / library / sites / library / files / documents / RL- 2001 - 001. pdf." type="book" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is warranted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3026568FF9EFFADFCC3F992FB5279F6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFCC3F992FB057958" blockId="5.[824,1439,1599,1782]" box="[824,1198,1599,1624]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFCC3F992FB057958" bold="true" box="[824,1198,1599,1624]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736E3FF9EFFADFC9EF9CAFB5279F6" blockId="5.[824,1439,1599,1782]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B703CBEFF9EFFADFC9EF9CAFC0579D8" collectingDate="2012-09-09" collectionCode="NBG" collectorName="N. A. Helme" country="South Africa" location="Nieuwoudtville" municipality="Nieuwoudtville" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F7673FF9EFFADFC9EF9CAFBB6797E" box="[869,1053,1639,1662]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFBCFF9CBFB4B797E" bold="true" box="[1076,1248,1638,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DCF801FF9EFFADFBCFF9CBFB4B797E" box="[1076,1248,1638,1662]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFB07F9CBFA37797D" bold="true" box="[1276,1436,1638,1661]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC3AC99FF9EFFADFB07F9CBFA37797D" box="[1276,1436,1638,1661]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Nieuwoudtville</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(3119):
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A152FC1FF9EFFADFC4CF929FBE079BA" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9EFFADFC4CF929FC52799B" box="[951,1017,1668,1691]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
NW of Nieuwoudtville, Avontuur
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9EFFADFAA2F929FC2D79B9" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.411" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="641.1">
|
||
641,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE09B06FF9EFFADFA74F929FC2D79B9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
E of Klipvlei (–AC)
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA61023FF9EFFADFBADF90FFB7579B9" box="[1110,1246,1698,1722]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2012-09-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE2E9CBFF9EFFADFBADF90FFB7579B9" box="[1110,1246,1698,1722]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2012-09-09">9 Sept. 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFB11F90FFA3579B9" box="[1258,1438,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED5335FF9EFFADFB11F90FFACA79B9" box="[1258,1377,1698,1721]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">N.A. Helme</collectorName>
|
||
7620
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09AE26FF9EFFADFC96F96CFC0E79D8" box="[877,933,1729,1752]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B703CBEFF9EFFADFC4DF96DFB5279F6" collectingDate="2019-09-25" collectionCode="NBG" collectorName="R. J. McKenzie" location="Avontuur Nature Reserve (- AC)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EC76038FF9EFFADFC4DF96DFB5179D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B187F5FF9AFFADFF6CFA85FB5279F6:8EC76038FF9EFFADFC4DF96DFB5179D8" box="[950,1274,1728,1752]" name="Avontuur Nature Reserve (- AC)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Avontuur Nature Reserve (–AC)</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA61023FF9EFFADFAFEF96DFA3079D7" box="[1285,1435,1728,1752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2019-09-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE2E9CBFF9EFFADFAFEF96DFA3079D7" box="[1285,1435,1728,1752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2019-09-25">25 Sept. 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFC9CF973FB8379F5" box="[871,1064,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<collectorName id="26ED5335FF9EFFADFC9CF973FC4479F5" box="[871,1007,1758,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R.J. McKenzie</collectorName>
|
||
3524
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFBCDF973FBC079F5" box="[1078,1131,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3533</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEAF1FF9EFFADFB8CF973FB0779F5" box="[1143,1196,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3535</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED09AE26FF9EFFADFB42F972FB5B79F6" box="[1209,1264,1759,1782]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |