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<mods:title id="803BF34BEC31244DA42A7A177E29E222">Echeveria cerrograndensis (Crassulaceae) a new species from eastern calcareous Sierra de Manantlán, Colima, Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9C97451AC908E442AD7B6790CC974348">Muñiz-Castro, Miguel Ángel</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D002455FF93FF7DD4C9FDC1FEDD" ID-CoL="6DTYC" authority="A. Vazquez" authorityName="A. Vazquez" box="[136,578,244,271]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerrograndensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912455FF93FF7DD4C9FE3CFEDC" bold="true" box="[136,447,244,271]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Echeveria cerrograndensis</emphasis>
A.Vázquez
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&amp; G. 
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(
<figureCitation id="13232A062455FF93FCB5D4C9FC49FEDD" box="[832,970,244,270]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="1.[136,229,1973,1995]" captionStartId-1="2.[136,229,2032,2054]" captionStartId-2="3.[136,229,1940,1962]" captionStartId-3="4.[136,229,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox-0="[263,1323,341,1925]" captionTargetBox-1="[186,1400,436,2022]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,190,1915]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,190,1904]" captionTargetId-0="figure-31@1.[239,1347,325,1942]" captionTargetId-1="figure-158@2.[186,1400,436,2022]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@3.[151,1435,190,1915]" captionTargetId-3="figure-32@4.[151,1435,190,1904]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Echeveria cerrograndensis. A. Inflorescence with last fresh flower. B. Inflorescence with developing fruits and shaft leaves. C–D. Flower variability. E–G. Dissected flower showing corolla, one sepal (some sepals missing) pistils, stamens, pedicel, and dark nectaries. H. Panicle. I. Habit J. Habitat and stemmed rosettes. K. Rosette variability. Drawing by Daniel Barba." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Echeveria cerrograndensis. Habit variability. Photographs A and B by Gregorio Nieves; C by Rodolfo Sánchez; D by Antonio Vázquez." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Echeveria cerrograndensis. Rosette variability. Photographs A and B by Rodolfo Sánchez; C by Gregorio Nieves; and D by Antonio Vázquez." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Echeveria cerrograndensis.A–B. Flower variability.C. Dissected flower showing corolla, one sepal, pistils, stamens and dark red nectaries at the base of the ovary. D–F. Panicle variability. Photographs A–D and F by Antonio Vázquez; E by Gregorio Nieves." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5142629" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5142631" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5142633" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5142635" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5142629/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5142631/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5142633/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5142635/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Figures 1–4</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B96CEA912455FF93FF7DD388FF7DF819" bold="true" box="[136,254,1973,1995]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B96CEA912455FF93FEF1D388FD84F819" box="[260,519,1973,1994]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Echeveria cerrograndensis</emphasis>
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. A. Inflorescence with last fresh flower. B. Inflorescence with developing fruits and shaft leaves. C–D. Flower variability. E–G. Dissected flower showing corolla, one sepal (some sepals missing) pistils, stamens, pedicel, and dark nectaries. H. Panicle. I. Habit J. Habitat and stemmed rosettes. K. Rosette variability. Drawing by Daniel Barba.
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s.n.
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.
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<subSubSection id="C30265082456FF97FF7DD539FD02FD97" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="252" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="B96CEA912456FF90FF7DD539FE88FEC9" bold="true" box="[136,267,260,282]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B96CEA912456FF90FEFED539FD8DFECA" box="[267,526,260,281]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Echeveria cerrograndensis</emphasis>
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is morphologically close to 
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in having an evident stem, obovate leaves, erect pedicels and reniform nectaries, but it differs from the latter in having smaller habit, margin straight vs undulate; glaucous to pale green vs yellowish green to dark red; lower number of flowers per branch (1–)3–5(–6) vs 12 or more; smaller total number of flowers (4–11 vs up to 24); inflorescence 10–15 vs up to 
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long; corolla none bicolored vs bicolored; thecae and nectaries dark red vs yellow; and base of carpels mostly white vs yellow.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736832456FF90FF7DD3CDFEB4F7F9" blockId="2.[136,1451,2032,2090]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912456FF90FF7DD3CDFE82F7D6" bold="true" box="[136,257,2032,2054]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B96CEA912456FF90FEE6D3CDFDA3F7D6" box="[275,544,2032,2053]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002456FF90FEE6D3CDFD9EF7D6" box="[275,541,2032,2053]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerrograndensis">Echeveria cerrograndensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Habit variability. Photographs A and B by Gregorio Nieves; C by Rodolfo Sánchez; D by Antonio Vázquez.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF67660B2457FF91FF7DD3A9FEB4F81D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5142633" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5142633" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5142633/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" startId="3.[136,229,1940,1962]" targetBox="[151,1435,190,1915]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BA736832457FF91FF7DD3A9FEB4F81D" blockId="3.[136,1451,1940,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912457FF91FF7DD3A9FF7EF87A" bold="true" box="[136,253,1940,1962]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B96CEA912457FF91FEFCD3A9FD97F87A" box="[265,532,1940,1961]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002457FF91FEFCD3A9FD93F87A" box="[265,528,1940,1961]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerrograndensis">Echeveria cerrograndensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Rosette variability. Photographs A and B by Rodolfo Sánchez; C by Gregorio Nieves; and D by Antonio Vázquez.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF67660B2450FF96FF7DD3B4FAFBF810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5142635" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5142635" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5142635/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" startId="4.[136,229,1929,1951]" targetBox="[151,1435,190,1904]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BA736832450FF96FF7DD3B4FAFBF810" blockId="4.[136,1452,1929,1987]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912450FF96FF7DD3B4FF7FF84D" bold="true" box="[136,252,1929,1951]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B96CEA912450FF96FEF4D3B4FD88F84D" box="[257,523,1929,1950]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002450FF96FEF4D3B4FD84F84D" box="[257,519,1929,1950]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerrograndensis">Echeveria cerrograndensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A–B. Flower variability. C. Dissected flower showing corolla, one sepal, pistils, stamens and dark red nectaries at the base of the ovary. D–F. Panicle variability. Photographs A–D and F by Antonio Vázquez; E by Gregorio Nieves.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA736832451FF97FF7DD4A3FD02FD97" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">
Rupicolous perennial rosette; stem single, erect to decumbent, 
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long, 
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diam., pale brown with darker leaf scars (
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). Rosettes 
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in diam., lax, closed in winter (
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). Leaves (3–)4–6 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FB46D4FEFB45FF0F" box="[1203,1222,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CE09B662451FF97FB3BD4FFFACCFF0E" box="[1230,1359,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 cm</quantity>
, basally 
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wide, 
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thick in the middle, broadly obovate, cuneate at the base, apiculate at the apex, concave, glaucous to pale green, margin straight, entire, pinkish. Floral stem 1–2, erect, 11–22(–35) cm long, including the panicle, 
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thick in the base, pinkish green; shaft leaves 1.5–3.5 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FC56D512FC35FE9B" box="[931,950,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CE09B662451FF97FC4BD513FBBCFE9A" box="[958,1087,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" unit="cm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.3 cm</quantity>
, obovate, pinkish at the margin; panicle, 4–11 flowers, usually two branched, (1–)3–5(–6) flowers per branch (
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&amp; 
<figureCitation id="13232A062451FF97FB78D56FFB1DFEBF" box="[1165,1182,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-32@4.[151,1435,190,1904]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Echeveria cerrograndensis.A–B. Flower variability.C. Dissected flower showing corolla, one sepal, pistils, stamens and dark red nectaries at the base of the ovary. D–F. Panicle variability. Photographs A–D and F by Antonio Vázquez; E by Gregorio Nieves." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5142635" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5142635/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">4</figureCitation>
); pedicels straight 
<quantity id="4CE09B662451FF97FA86D56FFF37FE42" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="8.0">8–16 mm</quantity>
long; bracteoles lanceolate, 0.5–1.3 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FDA7D54AFDE6FE43" box="[594,613,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CE09B662451FF97FD99D54BFD6EFE42" box="[620,749,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" unit="cm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 cm</quantity>
, green to with age; sepals subequal, lanceolate, straight, 0.8 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FA6DD54AFA28FE43" box="[1432,1451,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">×</emphasis>
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; corolla urceolate pentagonal at the base, 1.2 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FD12D5A6FD79FE67" box="[743,762,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CE09B662451FF97FCF6D5A7FCD6FE66" box="[771,853,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" unit="cm" value="1.1">1.1 cm</quantity>
; petals 5, 1.2 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FC03D5A6FB8AFE67" box="[1014,1033,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">×</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CE09B662451FF97FBE7D5A7FBE0FE66" box="[1042,1123,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
, ovate, concave, acute at the apex, pink throughout, darkened at the tip with age; pinkish white inside; nectaries renniform, dark red 0.2 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FAC8D582FAD3FE0B" box="[1341,1360,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">×</emphasis>
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; stamens with white filaments, 5 epipetals 0.9 x 
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and 5 antisepals, 1 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FC25D5DEFC60FE2F" box="[976,995,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">×</emphasis>
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; thecae dark red before opening, 
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long; ginoecium 1.1 
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, white at the base; pistils 1.1 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FC81D63AFC04FDF3" box="[884,903,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">×</emphasis>
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, pinkish white at the base and red to dark red toward the apex; stigma black (
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30265082451FF94FF48D673FD90FE43" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA736832451FF97FF48D673FC92FD2B" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FF48D673FD0EFDBB" bold="true" box="[189,653,590,616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Distribution, habitat and phenology:—</emphasis>
Apparently endemic to the Cerro Grande massif in the eastern Sierra de Manantlán, in 
<collectingRegion id="49DCF8612451FF97FED8D64FFE3EFD5E" box="[301,445,626,653]" country="Mexico" name="Colima" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Colima state</collectingRegion>
, in Western 
<collectingRegion id="49DCF8612451FF97FDBCD64FFD1CFD5F" box="[585,671,626,652]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Mexico</collectingRegion>
(is likely to also be in the Jaliscan part of the Cerro Grande) (
<figureCitation id="13232A062451FF97FA95D64FFF14FD62" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1718,1740]" captionTargetBox="[177,1434,797,1682]" captionTargetId="figure-331@5.[151,1435,785,1693]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Species distribution of the Echeveria fulgens complex. Echeveria cerrograndensis (, star), E. fulgens (○, circle), E. roseiflora (+, plus sign), E. perezcalixii (, gray rhombus), E. purhepecha (, square), E. munizii (, triangle), E. sp. (, black rhombus). Unknown locality of E. fulgens collected in Durango by Palmer [06/635-812 (NY), the same flowered at New York, 09/25951 (US)] (○*, circle and asterisk)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5142637" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5142637/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Figure 5</figureCitation>
), growing on karstic topography at 
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in elevation, in montane cloud forest including 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FB7DD6AAFE34FD06" authority="G. Unger" authorityName="G. Unger" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Ferocactus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reppenhagenii">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FB7DD6AAFA2FFD63" box="[1160,1452,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Ferocactus reppenhagenii</emphasis>
G.Unger (
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722451FF97FF0DD687FE2DFD06" author="Unger G." box="[248,430,698,725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" pagination="50 - 54" refId="ref3653" refString="Unger G. (1974) Ferocactus reppenhagenii Unger spec. nov. Kakteen und Andere Sukkulenten 25: 50 - 54." type="journal article" year="1974">Unger 1974: 50</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FE36D687FDB4FD06" box="[451,567,698,725]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Sedum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FE36D687FD8DFD07" box="[451,526,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Sedum</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FD81D687FC6FFD07" authority="Iltis &amp; Gonzalez" authorityName="Iltis &amp; Gonzalez" box="[628,1004,698,724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vazquezii">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FD81D687FCA9FD07" box="[628,810,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Salvia vazquezii</emphasis>
Iltis &amp; González
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722451FF97FC09D687FB65FD07" author="Iltis, H. H. &amp; Gonzalez-Gallegos, J. G. &amp; Cochrane, T. S. &amp; Vazquez-Garcia, J. A." box="[1020,1254,698,724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" pagination="343 - 352" refId="ref3166" refString="Iltis, H. H., Gonzalez-Gallegos, J. G., Cochrane, T. S., &amp; Vazquez-Garcia, J. A. (2012) A new species and a new subspecies of Salvia (Lamiaceae) from Jalisco and Michoacan, Mexico. Brittonia 64: 343 - 352. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12228 - 012 - 9237 - 1" type="journal article" year="2012">
Iltis 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FBC5D686FBEAFD07" box="[1072,1129,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">et al.</emphasis>
2012: 343
</bibRefCitation>
). Flowering from January to February and fruiting from February to March.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF67660B2451FF97FF7DD28BFEC7F8EA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5142637" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5142637" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5142637/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" startId="5.[136,229,1718,1740]" targetBox="[177,1434,797,1682]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BA736832451FF97FF7DD28BFEC7F8EA" blockId="5.[136,1452,1718,1849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FF7DD28BFE83F91F" bold="true" box="[136,256,1718,1740]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Species distribution of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FDE4D28AFD3CF91F" box="[529,703,1719,1740]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FDE4D28AFD3CF91F" box="[529,703,1719,1740]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Echeveria fulgens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex. 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FCB5D28AFBC5F91F" box="[832,1094,1719,1740]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerrograndensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FCB5D28AFBC5F91F" box="[832,1094,1719,1740]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Echeveria cerrograndensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(, star), 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FB48D28AFA9DF91F" box="[1213,1310,1719,1740]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FB48D28AFA9DF91F" box="[1213,1310,1719,1740]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">E. fulgens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(○, circle), 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FA62D28AFF65F923" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseiflora">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FA62D28AFF65F923" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">E. roseiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(+, plus sign), 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FE82D2E6FD82F923" box="[375,513,1755,1776]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perezcalixii">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FE82D2E6FD82F923" box="[375,513,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">E. perezcalixii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(, gray rhombus), 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FD4AD2E6FCC8F923" box="[703,843,1755,1776]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purhepecha">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FD4AD2E6FCC8F923" box="[703,843,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">E. purhepecha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(, square), 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FC3CD2E6FBA8F923" box="[969,1067,1755,1776]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="munizii">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FC3CD2E6FBA8F923" box="[969,1067,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">E. munizii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(, triangle), 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FB41D2E6FB4AF923" box="[1204,1225,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">E.</emphasis>
sp. (, black rhombus). Unknown locality of 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002451FF97FEA1D2C2FE37F8C7" box="[340,436,1791,1812]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FEA1D2C2FE37F8C7" box="[340,436,1791,1812]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">E. fulgens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected in Durango by Palmer [06/635-812 (NY), the same flowered at New York, 09/25951 (US)] (○*, circle and asterisk).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA736832451FF97FF48D35AFC01F876" blockId="5.[136,1451,1895,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FF48D35AFED3F852" bold="true" box="[189,336,1895,1921]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Eponimy:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B703CDE2451FF97FEA5D35AFCFDF876" country="Mexico" location="Sierra de Manantlan" municipality="Jalisco-Colima" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" specimenCount="1">
The specific epithet refers to Cerro Grande, the 
<typeStatus id="54A388212451FF97FC9FD355FC19F851" box="[874,922,1896,1922]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">type</typeStatus>
locality, a 
<quantity id="4CE09B662451FF97FBE3D35AFBDDF852" box="[1046,1118,1895,1921]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
long calcareous massif in the eastern portion of the 
<location id="8EC760582451FF97FE8BD3B6FDE7F876" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B187952455FF94FF7DD4C9FC83FCB7:8EC760582451FF97FE8BD3B6FDE7F876" box="[382,612,1931,1957]" country="Mexico" municipality="Jalisco-Colima" name="Sierra de Manantlan" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Sierra de Manantlán</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC3ACF92451FF97FD9AD3B6FC99F876" box="[623,794,1931,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Jalisco-Colima</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F30F76132451FF97FCD0D3B6FCFDF876" box="[805,894,1931,1957]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736832451FF97FF48D392FB6FF83E" blockId="5.[136,1451,1895,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912451FF97FF48D392FEFDF81A" bold="true" box="[189,382,1967,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Ethnobotany:—</emphasis>
It is occasionally used as ornamental by the local people, and known as “flor de piedra” and “flor de peña” (rock flower); like most succulent species, it has a potential as an ornamental species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736832452FF94FF48D4A3FE8BFED3" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FF48D4A3FE57FF6B" bold="true" box="[189,468,158,184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Conservation status:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002452FF94FE20D4A2FD2CFF6B" box="[469,687,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerrograndensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FE20D4A2FD2CFF6B" box="[469,687,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">E. cerrograndensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is locally abundant nearby the El Terrero village, but its known extent of occurrence is less than 
<quantity id="4CE09B662452FF94FDF2D4FFFDDCFF0F" box="[519,607,194,220]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" unit="km" value="140.0">140 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C6D9BCB2452FF94FDAAD4FFFDE4FF03" attach="left" box="[607,615,194,208]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">2</superScript>
. Fortunately, is under protection at the Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736832452FF94FF48D537FD90FE43" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FF48D537FD01FEF7" bold="true" box="[189,642,266,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Additional specimens examined:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B703CDE2452FF94FD77D537FE83FEBF" collectingDate="2005-02-19" country="Mexico" elevation="2200" latitude="19.429783" location="Colima" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-103.92183" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Colima">
<collectingCountry id="F30F76132452FF94FD77D537FD77FEF7" box="[642,756,266,292]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49DCF8612452FF94FCE4D537FCEBFEF7" box="[785,872,266,292]" country="Mexico" name="Colima" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Colima</collectingRegion>
: Municipio Minatitlán, Lagunitas-El Terrero, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C50442452FF94FEB8D513FD92FE9A" box="[333,529,302,329]" degrees="103" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" precision="1" seconds="18.59" value="-103.92183">103°55’18.59’’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CE09B662452FF94FDD1D513FD02FE9A" box="[548,641,302,329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="0035D1B02452FF94FDD1D513FD02FE9A" box="[548,641,302,329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA610432452FF94FD66D513FCEBFE9A" box="[659,872,302,329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" value="2005-02-19">
<collectingDate id="EFE2E9AB2452FF94FD66D513FCEBFE9A" box="[659,872,302,329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" value="2005-02-19">19 February 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl, fr) 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FC3BD512FB2FFE9B" box="[974,1196,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Vázquez et al. s.n.</emphasis>
(photographs-IBUG). Minatitlán
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B703CDE2452FF94FEFFD56FFD8CFE43" collectingDate="2013-02-24" collectionCode="IBUG, ENCB, XAL" collectorName="Lagunitas &amp; El Terrero" country="Mexico" elevation="2200" latitude="19.419107" location="Colima" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-103.918625" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Colima">
<collectingRegion id="49DCF8612452FF94FEFFD56FFEDCFEBF" box="[266,351,338,364]" country="Mexico" name="Colima" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Colima</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectorName id="26ED53552452FF94FE9FD56FFE5BFEBF" box="[362,472,338,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Lagunitas</collectorName>
– 
<collectorName id="26ED53552452FF94FE12D56FFDD9FEBE" box="[487,602,338,365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">El Terrero</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C50442452FF94FD91D56FFC8AFEBE" box="[612,777,338,365]" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" precision="1" seconds="8.79" value="19.419107">19°25’8.79’’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C50442452FF94FCE1D56FFC49FEBE" box="[788,970,338,365]" degrees="103" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" precision="1" seconds="7.07" value="-103.918625">103°55’7.07’’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CE09B662452FF94FC20D56FFBA8FEBE" box="[981,1067,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="0035D1B02452FF94FC20D56FFBA8FEBE" box="[981,1067,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA610432452FF94FBC3D56FFB7FFEBF" box="[1078,1276,338,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" value="2013-02-24">
<collectingDate id="EFE2E9AB2452FF94FBC3D56FFB7FFEBF" box="[1078,1276,338,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" value="2013-02-24">24 February 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl, fr) 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FAB9D56FFE8EFE43" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Cházaro et al. 10600</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED09AE462452FF94FEE9D54BFEE6FE43" box="[284,357,374,400]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15718" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15718" name="Universidad de Guadalajara" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" type="Herbarium">IBUG</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED09AE462452FF94FE85D54BFE3EFE43" box="[368,445,374,400]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1x45-fdpe" name="Universidad de Autonoma de Baja California" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">ENCB</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED09AE462452FF94FE3DD54BFD84FE43" box="[456,519,374,400]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wbe7-qwr9" name="Instituto de Ecología, A.C." pageId="6" pageNumber="253" type="Herbarium">XAL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30265082452FF94FF48D5A7FC83FCB7" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA736832452FF94FF48D5A7FC83FCB7" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FF48D5A7FEE2FE67" bold="true" box="[189,353,410,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Discussion:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002452FF94FE94D5A7FD0EFE67" box="[353,653,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerrograndensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FE94D5A7FD0EFE67" box="[353,653,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Echeveria cerrograndensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to series Gibbiflorae (Baker)A. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722452FF94FBCAD5A7FA95FE67" author="Berger, A." box="[1087,1302,410,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" pagination="352 - 483" refId="ref2906" refString="Berger, A. (1930) Crassulaceae. In: A. Engler &amp; K. Prantl (eds.), Die naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien 18 A (2 nd ed.). W. Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 352 - 483." type="book chapter" year="1930">Berger (1930: 474)</bibRefCitation>
, sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722452FF94FA94D5A6FF56FE0B" author="Moran, R." pageId="6" pageNumber="253" pagination="184 - 186" refId="ref3389" refString="Moran, R. (1974) Division of genus Echeveria into series. In: Jacobsen, H. (ed.), Lexicon on succulent plants. Blandford Prees, London, pp. 184 - 186." type="book chapter" year="1974">Moran (1974)</bibRefCitation>
, a group consisting of medium to large size stemmed plants, lacking pubescence, with a cimose paniculated inflorescence with cincinate lateral branches (
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722452FF94FD57D5DFFC96FE2F" author="Uhl, C. H." box="[674,789,482,508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" pagination="121 - 145" refId="ref3591" refString="Uhl, C. H. (2002) Chromosomes and hybrids of Echeveria (Crassulaceae). VII. Series Gibbiflorae (Baker) Berger. Haseltonia 9: 121 - 145. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2985 / 1070 - 0048 (2005) 11 [138: cahoed] 2.0. co; 2" type="journal article" year="2002">Uhl 2002</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722452FF94FCD3D5DFFC50FE2F" author="Kimnach, M." box="[806,979,482,508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" pagination="103 - 128" refId="ref3293" refString="Kimnach, M. (2003) Echeveria. In: Eggli, U. (ed.), Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants: Crassulaceae. Springer, Berlin, pp. 103 - 128." type="book chapter" year="2003">Kimnach 2003</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722452FF94FC11D5DFFA24FE2F" author="Meyran-Garcia, J. &amp; Lopez-Chavez, L." box="[996,1447,482,508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" refId="ref3353" refString="Meyran-Garcia, J. &amp; Lopez-Chavez, L. (2003) Las Crasulaceas de Mexico. Sociedad Mexicana de Cactologia, A. C. Mexico, D. F., 234 pp." type="book" year="2003">Meyrán-García &amp; López-Chávez 2003</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722452FF94FF7DD63BFE37FDF3" author="Carrillo-Reyes, P. &amp; Sosa, V. &amp; Mort, M. E." box="[136,436,518,544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" pagination="267 - 276" refId="ref3028" refString="Carrillo-Reyes, P., Sosa, V. &amp; Mort, M. E. (2009) Molecular phylogeny of the Acre clade (Crassulaceae): Dealing with the lack of definitions for Echeveria and Sedum. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 53: 267 - 276. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2009.05.022" type="journal article" year="2009">
Carrillo-Reyes 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FEC0D63AFEECFDF3" box="[309,367,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
). However, 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002452FF94FDC8D63AFC97FDF3" box="[573,788,518,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerrograndensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FDC8D63AFC97FDF3" box="[573,788,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">E. cerrograndensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rather small plant. The caulescent habit with cymosepaniculate inflorescence and lateral cincinate branches suggested a close morphological relationship to 
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FACFD617FF63FDBB" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002452FF94FACFD617FF5FFDBB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens">Echeveria fulgens</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
of series Gibbiflorae (
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722452FF94FE2CD673FDEBFDBB" author="Moran, R." box="[473,616,590,616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" pagination="184 - 186" refId="ref3389" refString="Moran, R. (1974) Division of genus Echeveria into series. In: Jacobsen, H. (ed.), Lexicon on succulent plants. Blandford Prees, London, pp. 184 - 186." type="book chapter" year="1974">Moran 1974</bibRefCitation>
), actually a complex that might contain several species (
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722452FF94FB2DD673FAC6FDBB" author="Uhl, C. H." box="[1240,1349,590,616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" pagination="121 - 145" refId="ref3591" refString="Uhl, C. H. (2002) Chromosomes and hybrids of Echeveria (Crassulaceae). VII. Series Gibbiflorae (Baker) Berger. Haseltonia 9: 121 - 145. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2985 / 1070 - 0048 (2005) 11 [138: cahoed] 2.0. co; 2" type="journal article" year="2002">Uhl 2002</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B722452FF94FAA5D673FF46FD5F" author="Pilbeam, J." pageId="6" pageNumber="253" refId="ref3430" refString="Pilbeam, J. (2008) The genus Echeveria. The British Cactus &amp; Succulent Society, Essex, 333 pp." type="book" year="2008">Pilbeam 2008</bibRefCitation>
). A close examination of the flowers allowed us to conclude that we were dealing with an undescribed taxon here described as a new species. 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002452FF94FE34D6ABFD72FD63" box="[449,753,662,688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerrograndensis">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FE34D6ABFD72FD63" box="[449,753,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Echeveria cerrograndensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also morphologically close to 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002452FF94FB96D6AAFB6CFD63" box="[1123,1263,662,688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseiflora">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FB96D6AAFB6CFD63" box="[1123,1263,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">E. roseiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sharing with the latter the non bicolored corolla, red thecae, red nectaries and length of pedicels. However, it differs from the latter in having shorter leaves 3–6 vs. 
<quantity id="4CE09B662452FF94FE28D6E3FDC0FD2A" box="[477,579,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" unit="cm" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">6–10 cm</quantity>
; broadly obovate vs. oblanceolate-spatulate, leaf margin straight and pinkish vs. crenulated and reddish; shorter inflorescence 11–22(–35) vs. 
<quantity id="4CE09B662452FF94FC9DD73FFC58FCCE" box="[872,987,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" unit="cm" value="52.0" valueMax="54.0" valueMin="50.0">50–54 cm</quantity>
; smaller total number of flowers 4–11 vs. 18–20; shorter corolla 11–12 vs. 
<quantity id="4CE09B662452FF94FE0CD71BFDE8FC92" box="[505,619,806,833]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" unit="cm" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">14–16 cm</quantity>
, pedicels straight vs. recurved (
<tableCitation id="C69A03382452FF94FC3ED71BFB9CFC93" box="[971,1055,806,832]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,916,940]" captionText="TABLE 1. Differences between Echeveria cerrograndensis, E. fulgens and E. roseiflora." pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The following key can be used to determine the species of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D002452FF94FE3DD777FD12FCB7" box="[456,657,842,868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Echeveria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="B96CEA912452FF94FE3DD777FD12FCB7" box="[456,657,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Echeveria fulgens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>