569 lines
73 KiB
XML
569 lines
73 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="374B51C28B4C01D9669B4D1E7EC5EFBE">
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<mods:title id="177496ECA97305264882689CE23A542A">Catalogue of the Australian social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D9AC1E2542C385EFF40D412E1D3537E9">Carpenter, James M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C87502FE660E0A6A69248ED77A4CD517">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th Street, New York, NY 10024, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3CC017B13C9B9A1DD34E653FF53105B9">Brown, Graham R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="10018AECDF744FE46D2A1B8F56C4DE35">Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, GPO Box 4646, Darwin, NT 0801, Australia. & Visiting Scientist, CSIRO Land and Water, Private Mail Bag 44, Winnellie, NT 0822, Australia. & University Fellow, Research Institute for Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. thynnini @ outlook. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4101 - 3823</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FD378631B8BE55D2B40CF712EA3BF7B8" type="email">thynnini@outlook.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="0559F80228583AAC05B19F9EF40D80C4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="21A29173CE742BAA4081E8A037E95324">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="036C87E0B13CFF98D3CF565C61AAC353" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7405556" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205804795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7405556" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:036C87E0B13CFF98D3CF565C61AAC353" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/036C87E0B13CFF98D3CF565C61AAC353" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">
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<subSubSection id="C3DF657DB13CFF9FD3CF565C64F3C31B" box="[151,401,1843,1869]" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B7A36F6B13CFF9FD3CF565C64F3C31B" blockId="19.[151,1436,1843,2013]" box="[151,401,1843,1869]" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">
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<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13CFF9FD3CF565C64F3C31B" ID-CoL="7G2VS" ID-ENA="30212" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[151,401,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germanica">
|
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<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13CFF9FD3CF565C646DC31A" box="[151,271,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">germanica</emphasis>
|
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(Fabricius)
|
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3DF657DB13CFF98D3AF563861EBC2CF" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B7A36F6B13CFF9FD3AF563867A1C3C3" blockId="19.[151,1436,1843,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">
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?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13CFF9FD253563867FBC327" ID-CoL="5B9WM" authority="Scopoli, 1763: 312" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityPageNumber="312" authorityYear="1763" box="[267,665,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13CFF9FD253563864DEC327" box="[267,444,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">Vespa maculata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13CFF9FD29C563867FBC327" author="Scopoli" box="[452,665,1879,1905]" firstAuthor="Scopoli" page="312" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" refId="ref48360" refString="Scopoli, J. A. (1763) Entomologia carniolica exhibens Insecta Carnioliae indigena. Typis Ioannis Thomae Trattner, Vindobonae, 36 + 420 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 34434" type="book" year="1763">Scopoli, 1763: 312</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
- [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13CFF9FD1E156386643C327" box="[697,801,1879,1905]" name="Slovenia" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
] “Carnioliae” (destroyed?). Junior primary homonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13CFF9FD20F561467DCC3C3" ID-CoL="5B9WM" authority="Linnaeus, 1763" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1763" box="[343,702,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13CFF9FD20F5614676AC3C3" box="[343,520,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">Vespa maculata</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1763
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8B7A36F6B13CFF9FD3AF56F0604BC3EF" blockId="19.[151,1436,1843,2013]" box="[247,1321,1950,1977]" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13CFF9FD25356F067F5C3EF" ID-CoL="5B9WL" authority="Olivier, 1792: 695" authorityName="Olivier" authorityPageNumber="695" authorityYear="1792" box="[267,663,1950,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13CFF9FD25356F064A1C3EF" box="[267,451,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">Vespa macularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13CFF9FD29256F067F5C3EF" author="Olivier" box="[458,663,1950,1977]" firstAuthor="Olivier" page="695" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" refId="ref45454" refString="Olivier, G. A. (1792) Encyclopedie methodique. Insectes 6. Panckoucke, Paris, 704 pp." type="book" year="1792">Olivier, 1792: 695</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lost). Unjustified emendation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13CFF9FD74C56F0604BC3EF" ID-CoL="5B9WM" authority="Scopoli." authorityName="Scopoli." box="[1044,1321,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13CFF9FD74C56F061A6C3EF" box="[1044,1220,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">Vespa maculata</emphasis>
|
||
Scopoli.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B7A36F6B13CFF98D3AF56AC678BC4AF" blockId="19.[151,1436,1843,2013]" lastBlockId="20.[247,1437,150,1797]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13CFF9FD3AF56AC67D9C38B" authority="Fabricius, 1793: 256" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="256" authorityYear="1793" box="[247,699,1986,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13CFF9FD3AF56AC64A3C38B" box="[247,449,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">Vespa Germanica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13CFF9FD29456AC67D9C38B" author="Fabricius" box="[460,699,1986,2013]" firstAuthor="Fabricius" page="256" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" refId="ref32064" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1793) Entomologia Systematica. Vol. 2. Christ. Gottl. Proft, Hafniae, viii + 519 pp." type="book" year="1793">Fabricius, 1793: 256</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13CFF9FD1B856AC662CC38B" box="[736,846,1987,2013]" name="Germany" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
] “Kiliae” (
|
||
<typeStatus id="547E8854B13CFF9FD09756AC6163C38B" box="[975,1025,1987,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="470">type</typeStatus>
|
||
depository unknown). -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13CFF98D67D56AC64A5C4E7" author="Lepeletier" firstAuthor="Lepeletier" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="471" page="515" pageId="19" pageNumber="470" refId="ref41930" refString="Lepeletier de Saint-Fargau, A. L. M. (1836) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes - Hymenopteres. Vol. 1. Roret, Paris, 547 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / t. 173542" type="book" year="1836">Lepeletier, 1836: 515</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(redescription). - de Saussure, 1854: 116. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D0F251F861C7C4E7" author="Dalla Torre" box="[938,1189,151,177]" firstAuthor="Dalla Torre" page="146" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" refId="ref30910" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. (1894) Catalogus Hymenopterorum. Vol. 9. Vespidae (Diploptera). G. Engelmann, Leipzig, 181 pp." type="book" year="1894">Dalla Torre, 1894: 146</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(cat.); 1904: 65 (cat.). -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D23251D46755C483" author="Buysson, R. du" box="[362,567,186,213]" firstAuthor="du Buysson" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="565 - 634" refId="ref27687" refString="Buysson, R. du (1905 [" 1904 "]) Monographie des guepes ou Vespa. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 73 (3), 565 - 634." type="journal article" year="1905">du Buysson, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[1904]: 609 (redescription; Europe; Asia; Africa;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D72E51D4604BC483" box="[1142,1321,187,213]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D66F51D460F5C483" box="[1335,1431,187,213]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">U. S. A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D20F51B064D2C4AF" box="[343,432,223,249]" name="Canada" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
). -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D28B51B067C4C4AF" author="Zimsen" box="[467,678,223,249]" firstAuthor="Zimsen" page="400" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" refId="ref54014" refString="Zimsen, E. (1964) The Type Material of I. C. Fabricius. s. n., Copenhagen, 656 pp., 2 pls." type="book" year="1964">Zimsen, 1964: 400</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(list).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B7A36F6B13BFF98D3AF506C6028C25F" blockId="20.[247,1437,150,1797]" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABD511D8B13BFF98D3AF506C6028C25F" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">
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<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13BFF98D3AF506C64ACC54A" ID-CoL="7G2VS" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[247,462,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D3AF506C64ACC54A" box="[247,462,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Vespula germanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D286506C67D7C54B" author="Bequaert, J." box="[478,693,259,285]" page="67" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D286506C67D7C54B" author="Bequaert" box="[478,693,259,285]" firstAuthor="Bequaert" page="67" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="59 - 70" refId="ref26100" refString="Bequaert, J. (1930) On the generic and subgeneric divisions of the Vespinae (Hymenoptera). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 25, 59 - 70." type="journal article" year="1930">Bequaert, 1930: 67</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13BFF98D00D506C66CEC54B" ID-CoL="86KD" authority="Thomson" box="[853,940,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D00D506C66CEC54B" box="[853,940,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Vespula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). - Anon., 1959: 35 (Tas.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D7AB506C64EDC517" author="Thomas, C. R." page="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1960">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D7AB506C64EDC517" author="Thomas" firstAuthor="Thomas" page="1 - 74" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref51402" refString="Thomas, C. R. (1960) The European wasp (Vespula germanica Fab.) in New Zealand. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Information Series, No. 27, 1 - 74." type="book chapter" year="1960">Thomas, 1960: 1–74</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(biology in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D14E504867D2C517" box="[534,688,295,321]" name="New Zealand" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
). - Anon, 1960: 114–115 (Tas); 1961a: 36 (Tas.); 1961b: 341 (Tas.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D23E502467BDC533" author="Chadwick, C. E. & Nikitin, M. I." box="[358,735,330,357]" page="37" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D23E502467BDC533" author="Chadwick & Nikitin" box="[358,735,330,357]" firstAuthor="Chadwick" page="37 - 56" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="37 - 56" refId="ref29122" refString="Chadwick, C. E. & Nikitin, M. I. (1969) Some insects and other invertebrates intercepted in quarantine in New South Wales. Part 2. Arthropoda (excluding Coleoptera) and Mollusca. Journal of the Entomological Society of Australia (N. S. W.), 6, 37 - 56." type="journal article" year="1969">Chadwick & Nikitin, 1969: 37–56</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(intercepted from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D0F350246126C533" box="[939,1092,331,357]" name="New Zealand" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D73C50246047C533" author="Guiglia, D." box="[1124,1317,331,357]" page="98" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1972">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D73C50246047C533" author="Guiglia" box="[1124,1317,331,357]" firstAuthor="Guiglia" page="98" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" refId="ref35707" refString="Guiglia, D. (1972) Les guepes sociales (Hymenoptera Vespidae) d'Europe occidentale et septentrionale. Faune de l'Europe et du Bassin Mediterraneen. Vol. 6. Masson et Cie, Paris, viii + 181 pp." type="book" year="1972">Guiglia, 1972: 98</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key), 107 (in subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13BFF98D2B450006718C5DF" ID-CoL="63LF7" authority="Blüthgen, 1938" box="[492,634,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D2B450006718C5DF" box="[492,634,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Paravespula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; ethology), Figs XXX 4, XXXV-XXXVII, pl. III. -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D7E650006414C5FB" author="Martyn, E. J. & Hudson, N. M. & Hardy, R. J. & Terauds, A. & Rapley, P. E. L. & Stephenson, M. A." page="15" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1972">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D7E650006414C5FB" author="Martyn" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Martyn" page="15" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" refId="ref42833" refString="Martyn, E. J., Hudson, N. M., Hardy, R. J., Terauds, A., Rapley, P. E. L. & Stephenson, M. A. (1972) Insect pest occurrences in Tasmania, 1970 - 71. Tasmanian Department of Agriculture Insect Pest Survey, 4, 15." type="journal volume" year="1972">
|
||
Martyn
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D64F5000602DC5DF" box="[1303,1359,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1972: 15
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D2CB50FC6679C5FB" author="Menke, A. S. & Snelling, R. R." box="[403,795,402,429]" page="193" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1975">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D2CB50FC6679C5FB" author="Menke & Snelling" box="[403,795,402,429]" firstAuthor="Menke" page="193 - 200" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="193 - 200" refId="ref43451" refString="Menke, A. S. & Snelling, R. R. (1975) Vespula germanica (Fabricius), an adventive yellowjacket in the Northeastern United States (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative Economic Insect Report, 25, 193 - 200." type="journal article" year="1975">Menke & Snelling, 1975: 193–200</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(introduced
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D0F450FC6168C5FB" box="[940,1034,403,429]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">U. S. A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D76850FC60FEC5FB" author="Whitehead, V. B. & Prins, A. J." box="[1072,1436,402,429]" page="39" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1975">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D76850FC60FEC5FB" author="Whitehead & Prins" box="[1072,1436,402,429]" firstAuthor="Whitehead" page="39 - 42" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="39 - 42" refId="ref52844" refString="Whitehead, V. B. & Prins, A. J. (1975) The European wasp, Vespula germanica (F.), in the Cape Peninsula. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 38, 39 - 42." type="journal article" year="1975">Whitehead & Prins, 1975:39–42</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(introduced
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D28750D86710C587" box="[479,626,439,465]" name="South Africa" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
). - Anon., 1977: 106–108 (W. A.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D75A50D860FEC587" author="Smithers, C. N. & Holloway, G. A." box="[1026,1436,438,465]" page="75" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D75A50D860FEC587" author="Smithers and Holloway" box="[1026,1436,438,465]" firstAuthor="Smithers" page="75 - 76" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="75 - 76" refId="ref50075" refString="Smithers, C. N. & Holloway, G. A. (1977) Recent specimens of Vespula (Paravespula) germanica (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) taken in Sydney. Australian Entomological Magazine, 4, 75 - 76." type="journal article" year="1977">Smithers and Holloway, 1977: 75-76</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(N. S. W.); 1978: 55-59 (N. S. W.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D1B550B466D3C5A3" author="Richards, O. W." box="[749,945,475,501]" page="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1978">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D1B550B466D3C5A3" author="Richards" box="[749,945,475,501]" firstAuthor="Richards" page="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref46880" refString="Richards, O. W. (1978) The Australian social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series, 61, 1 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 061" type="journal article" year="1978">Richards, 1978: 4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key; Tas., W. A.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D7CD50B464E3C64F" author="Erlandsson, S." page="201" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1978">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D7CD50B464E3C64F" author="Erlandsson" firstAuthor="Erlandsson" page="201 - 230" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="201 - 230" refId="ref31958" refString="Erlandsson, S. (1978) Notes of aculeate Hymenoptera from the Macaronesian Islands. Vieraea, 7, 201 - 230." type="journal article" year="1978">Erlandsson, 1978: 201– 230</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(introduced
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D157509067EBC64F" box="[527,649,511,537]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D1F3509066F0C64F" author="Brown, G. R." box="[683,914,511,537]" page="38" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D1F3509066F0C64F" author="Brown" box="[683,914,511,537]" firstAuthor="Brown" page="38 - 39" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="38 - 39" refId="ref27470" refString="Brown, G. R. (1979) The European wasp is a potentially dangerous import. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales, 90, 38 - 39." type="journal article" year="1979">Brown, 1979: 38–39</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(impact). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D74E536F6076C64F" author="Olafsson, E." box="[1046,1300,511,539]" page="27" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D74E536F6076C64F" author="Olafsson" box="[1046,1300,511,539]" firstAuthor="Olafsson" page="27 - 40" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="27 - 40" refId="ref45426" refString="Olafsson, E. (1979) Um geitunga (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) og skyldar gaddvespur a Islandi. Natturufraedingurinn, 49, 27 - 40." type="journal article" year="1979">Ólafsson, 1979: 27–40</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(introduced
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D20F534C64CDC66B" box="[343,431,547,573]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Iceland</collectingCountry>
|
||
). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D28B534C67BEC66B" author="Willink, A." box="[467,732,546,573]" page="205" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1980">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D28B534C67BEC66B" author="Willink" box="[467,732,546,573]" firstAuthor="Willink" page="205 - 206" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="205 - 206" refId="ref53154" refString="Willink, A. (1980) Sobre la presencia del Vespula germanica (Fabricius) en la Argentina (Hymenoptera Vespidae). Neotropica, 26 (76), 205 - 206." type="journal article" year="1980">Willink, 1980: 205-206</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(introduced
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D035534C6680C66B" box="[877,994,547,573]" name="Argentina" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
). - Anon., 1980: 94–96 (Vic.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D609534C6481C637" author="White, B. R." page="17" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D609534C6481C637" author="White" firstAuthor="White" page="17 - 18" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="17 - 18" refId="ref52818" refString="White, B. R. (1983) Field day report (European wasps). Australian Beekeeper, 85, 17 - 18." type="journal article" year="1983">White, 1983: 17–18</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(spread in N. S. W.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D185532866C4C637" author="East, R. W." box="[733,934,583,609]" page="21" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1984">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D185532866C4C637" author="East" box="[733,934,583,609]" firstAuthor="East" page="21 - 26" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="2" refId="ref31818" refString="East, R. W. (1984) Biology and control of European wasps Vespula germanica in Victoria. Proceedings of the 4 th Applied Australian Research Entomology Conference, Adelaide, September 1984, 2 l - 26." type="journal article" year="1984">East, 1984: 21–26</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Vic., S. A., Tas.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D7DC5328602DC637" author="Crawford, L. D." box="[1156,1359,582,609]" page="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D7DC5328602DC637" author="Crawford" box="[1156,1359,582,609]" firstAuthor="Crawford" page="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="4" refId="ref30474" refString="Crawford, L. D. (1985) European and English wasps. Victorian Department of Agriculture Agnote, Agdex, 612, 4." type="journal article" year="1985">Crawford, 1985: 4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Vic.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D23E5304675BC6D3" author="Cardale, J. C." box="[358,569,618,645]" page="208" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D23E5304675BC6D3" author="Cardale" box="[358,569,618,645]" firstAuthor="Cardale" page="208" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="150 - 303" refId="ref28558" refString="Cardale, J. C. (1985) Vespoidea and Sphecoidea. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, 2, 150 - 303." type="journal article" year="1985">Cardale, 1985: 208</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13BFF98D1895304663DC6D3" ID-CoL="63LF7" authority="Blüthgen, 1938" box="[721,863,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D1895304663DC6D3" box="[721,863,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Paravespula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; cat.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D0E0530461A7C6D3" author="Spradbery, J. P." box="[952,1221,619,645]" page="78" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D0E0530461A7C6D3" author="Spradbery" box="[952,1221,619,645]" firstAuthor="Spradbery" page="78 - 86" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="78 - 86" refId="ref50498" refString="Spradbery, J. P. (1988) The European wasp in Australia: present status and future prospects. Proceedings of the Sydney Allergen Group, 6, 78 - 86." type="journal article" year="1988">Spradbery, 1988: 78–86</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. - Clapperton
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D607530460F4C6D3" box="[1375,1430,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 19r89: 315-323 (distr. in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D12853E06669C6FF" box="[624,779,655,681]" name="New Zealand" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
), -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D07553E06157C6FF" author="Naumann, I. D." box="[813,1077,655,681]" page="17" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1990">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D07553E06157C6FF" author="Naumann" box="[813,1077,655,681]" firstAuthor="Naumann" page="17 - 28" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref44899" refString="Naumann, I. D. (1990) The aculeate wasps and bees (Hymenoptera) of Norfolk and Philip Islands. Australian Entomologicol Magazine, 17, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="1990">Naumann, 1990: 17–28</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Norfolk I.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D78553E064FFC69B" author="Crosland, M. W. J." page="18" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1990">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D78553E064FFC69B" author="Crosland" firstAuthor="Crosland" page="18 - 23" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="18 - 23" refId="ref30500" refString="Crosland, M. W. J. (1990 a) The present and future impact of European wasps on beekeeping in Australia. Australian Bee Journal, 71, 18 - 23." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Crosland, 1990a: 18–23</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(economic impact); 1990b: 616–617. - Anon., 1991: 78, 91 (Qld.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D79253DC64BCC6A7" author="Harriss, F. C. L. & Beattie, A. J." page="45" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D79253DC64BCC6A7" author="Harriss & Beattie" firstAuthor="Harriss" page="45 - 47" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="45 - 47" refId="ref35911" refString="Harriss, F. C. L. & Beattie, A. J. (1991) Viability of pollen carried by Apis mellifera L. Trigona carbonaria Smith and Vespula germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Vespidae). Australian Journal of Entomology, 30 (1), 45 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1440 - 6055.1991. tb 02189. x" type="journal article" year="1991">Harriss & Beattie, 1991: 45-47</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(pollen viability). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D1E553B86692C6A7" author="Spradbery, J. P." box="[701,1008,727,753]" page="101" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D1E553B86692C6A7" author="Spradbery" box="[701,1008,727,753]" firstAuthor="Spradbery" page="101 - 103" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="101 - 103" refId="ref50532" refString="Spradbery, J. P. (1991 a) An orphaned colony of the European wasp Vespula germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Australia resulting from repeated usurpation. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, l 8, 101 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1991.10757955" type="journal article" year="1991" yearSuffix="a">Spradbery, 1991a: 101–103</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(ethology). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D7DF53B860FEC6A7" author="Crosland, M. W. J." box="[1159,1436,726,753]" page="375" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D7DF53B860FEC6A7" author="Crosland" box="[1159,1436,726,753]" firstAuthor="Crosland" page="375 - 388" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="375 - 387" refId="ref30617" refString="Crosland, M. W. J. (1991) The spread of the social wasp, Vespula germanica, in Australia. N ew Zealand Journal of Zoology, 18, 375 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1991.10422843" type="journal article" year="1991">Crosland, 1991: 375-388</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(spread in Tas., Vic., N. S. W., S. A., W. A.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D00C539461F6C743" author="Brown, W. V. & Spradbery, J. P. & Lacey, M. J." box="[852,1172,762,789]" page="553" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D00C539461F6C743" author="Brown" box="[852,1172,762,789]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brown" page="553 - 562" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="553 - 562" refId="ref27533" refString="Brown, W. V., Spradbery, J. P. & Lacey, M. J. (1991) Changes in the cuticular hydrocarbon composition during development of the social wasp, Vespula germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (B: Comparative Biochemistry), 99 (3), 553 - 562. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0305 - 0491 (91) 90337 - D" type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Brown
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D0FF539466BDC743" box="[935,991,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1991: 553–562
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(physiology). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D61E53946732C76F" author="Field, R. P. & Darby, S. M." page="193" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D61E53946732C76F" author="Field & Darby" firstAuthor="Field" page="193 - 197" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="193 - 197" refId="ref32169" refString="Field, R. P. & Darby, S. M. (1991) Host specificity of the parasitoid, Sphecophaga vesparum (Curtis) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a potential biological control agent of the social wasps, Vespula germanica (Fabricius) and V. vulgaris (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Australia. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 18 (2), 193 - 197. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1991.10757966" type="journal article" year="1991">Field & Darby, 1991: 193–197</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(biocontrol with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13BFF98D05652706175C76E" ID-CoL="6YXPM" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[782,1047,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Sphecophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vesparum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D05652706175C76E" box="[782,1047,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Sphecophaga vesparum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D764527061A7C76F" author="Collie" box="[1084,1221,799,825]" firstAuthor="Collie" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" refId="ref30405" refString="Collie, G. (1992) Dangerous wasp arrives in Qld. Brisbane Courier Mail, ll March 1992." type="journal volume" year="1992">Collie, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Qld.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D671527067F1C70B" author="Spradbery, J. P. & Maywald, G. F." page="495" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D671527067F1C70B" author="Spradbery & Maywald" firstAuthor="Spradbery" page="495 - 510" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="495 - 510" refId="ref50751" refString="Spradbery, J. P. & Maywald, G. F. (1992) The distribution of the European or German Wasp, Vespula germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), in Australia: Past, Present and Future. Australian Journal of Zoology, 40 (5), 495 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / ZO 9920495" type="journal article" year="1992">Spradbery & Maywald, 1992: 495-510</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(distr., N. T.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D016522C611AC70B" author="Spradbery, J. P." box="[846,1144,835,861]" page="181" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1993">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D016522C611AC70B" author="Spradbery" box="[846,1144,835,861]" firstAuthor="Spradbery" page="181 - 190" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="181 - 190" refId="ref50649" refString="Spradbery, J. P. (1993) Queen brood reared in worker cells by the social wasp, Vespula germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Insectes Sociaux, 40 (2), 181 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 01240706" type="journal article" year="1993">Spradbery, 1993: 181–190</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(ethology). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D64E522C674FC7D7" author="Horwood, M. A. & Toffolon, R. B. & Brown, G. R." page="241" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1993">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D64E522C674FC7D7" author="Horwood" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Horwood" page="241 - 248" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="241 - 248" refId="ref36968" refString="Horwood, M. A., Toffolon, R. B. & Brown, G. R. (1993) Establishment and spread of Vespula germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in New South Wales and the influence of rainfall on its abundance. Australian Journal of Entomology, 32 (3), 241 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1440 - 6055.1993. tb 00581. x" type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||
Horwood
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D6D0522C6416C7D7" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1993: 241–248
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(spread in N. S. W.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D06252086150C7D7" author="Thomas, G." box="[826,1074,871,897]" page="28" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1993">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D06252086150C7D7" author="Thomas" box="[826,1074,871,897]" firstAuthor="Thomas" page="28 - 30" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="28 - 30" refId="ref51443" refString="Thomas, G. (1993) Wineloving wasps. Australian Horticulture, September, 28 - 30." type="book chapter" year="1993">Thomas, 1993: 28–30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(economic impact). - Levick & Braitburg, 1996: 239–245 (envenomation). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D00B52E46103C7F3" author="Levick, N. R. & Winkel, K. D. & Smith, G." box="[851,1121,906,933]" page="650" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1997">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D00B52E46103C7F3" author="Levick" box="[851,1121,906,933]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Levick" page="650" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="650 - 651" refId="ref42174" refString="Levick, N. R., Winkel, K. D. & Smith, G. (1997) European wasps: an emerging hazard in Australia. Medical Journal of Australia, 167 (11 - 12), 650 - 651. https: // doi. org / 10.5694 / j. 1326 - 5377.1997. tb 138936. x" type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Levick
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D0F152E46680C7F3" box="[937,994,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1997: 650
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(pest status). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D64852E46742C79F" author="Carpenter, J. M. & Kojima, J." page="77" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1997">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D64852E46742C79F" author="Carpenter & Kojima" firstAuthor="Carpenter" page="77" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="51 - 92" refId="ref28939" refString="Carpenter, J. M. & Kojima, J. (1997) Checklist of the species in the subfamily Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Natural History Bulletin of Ibaraki University, 1, 51 - 92." type="journal article" year="1997">Carpenter & Kojima, 1997: 77</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(list). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D1D952C06638C79F" author="Kojima, J." box="[641,858,942,969]" page="195" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D1D952C06638C79F" author="Kojima" box="[641,858,942,969]" firstAuthor="Kojima" page="195" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="7 - 227" refId="ref39791" refString="Kojima, J. (1998) Larvae of social wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera; Vespidae). Natural History Bulletin of Ibaraki University, 2, 7 - 227." type="journal article" year="1998">Kojima, 1998: 195</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 224, Figs 1285–1287 (larva). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D78852C064FEC7BB" author="Clapperton, B. K." page="11" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D78852C064FEC7BB" author="Clapperton" firstAuthor="Clapperton" page="11 - 19" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="11 - 19" refId="ref30071" refString="Clapperton, B. K. (1999) Abundance of wasps and prey consumption of paper wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae: Polistinae) in Northland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 23 (1), 11 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1996.9518062" type="journal article" year="1999">Clapperton, 1999: 11–19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(ecology in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D17F52BC67A3C7BB" box="[551,705,979,1005]" name="New Zealand" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D1BA52BC6153C7BB" author="McGain, F. & Harrison, J. & Winkel, K. D." box="[738,1073,979,1005]" page="198" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D1BA52BC6153C7BB" author="McGain" box="[738,1073,979,1005]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="McGain" page="198 - 200" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="198 - 200" refId="ref43103" refString="McGain, F., Harrison, J. & Winkel, K. D. (2000) Wasp sting mortality in Australia. Medical Journal of Australia, 173 (4), 198 - 200. https: // doi. org / 10.5694 / j. 1326 - 5377.2000. tb 125600. x" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
McGain
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D01C52BC661EC7BB" box="[836,892,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2000: 198–200
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(sting mortality). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D65252BC6760C047" author="Levick, N. R. & Schmidt, J. O. & Harrison, J. & Smith, G. S. & Winkel, K. D." page="437" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D65252BC6760C047" author="Levick" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Levick" page="437 - 448" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="437 - 448" refId="ref42239" refString="Levick, N. R., Schmidt, J. O., Harrison, J., Smith, G. S. & Winkel, K. D. (2000) Medical effects of Hymenoptera. In: Austin, A. & Dowton, M. (Eds.), Hymenoptera: Evolution, Biodiversity and Biological Control. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, pp. 437 - 448." type="book chapter" year="2000">
|
||
Levick
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D60652BC60F4C7BB" box="[1374,1430,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2000: 437–448
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(sting injuries). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D18A529866FDC047" author="Bashford, R." box="[722,927,1015,1041]" page="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D18A529866FDC047" author="Bashford" box="[722,927,1015,1041]" firstAuthor="Bashford" page="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref25667" refString="Bashford, R. (2001) The spread and impact of the introduced Vespinae wasps Vespula germanica (F.) and Vespula vulgaris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae) in Tasmania. Australian Entomologist, 28, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="2001">Bashford, 2001: 1</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(Tas.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D7515298607FC047" author="Lefoe, G. & Ward, D. & Honan, P. & Darby, S. & Butler, K." box="[1033,1309,1015,1041]" page="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D7515298607FC047" author="Lefoe" box="[1033,1309,1015,1041]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lefoe" page="1 - 38" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref41713" refString="Lefoe, G., Ward, D., Honan, P., Darby, S. & Butler, K. (2001) Minimising the impact of European wasps on the grape and wine industry. Final report to Grape and Wine Research & Development Corporation, Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Keith Turnbull Research Institute, 2001, 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Lefoe
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D70B529861EFC047" box="[1107,1165,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2001: 1–38
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(economic impact). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D29455746662C063" author="Goodall, S. & Smith, D. L." box="[460,768,1050,1077]" page="25" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D29455746662C063" author="Goodall & Smith" box="[460,768,1050,1077]" firstAuthor="Goodall" page="25" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="25" refId="ref35082" refString="Goodall, S. & Smith, D. L. (2001) The European wasp in metropolitan Adelaide: it's ecology, spread and impacts. South Australian Geographical Journal, 100, 25." type="journal article" year="2001">Goodall & Smith, 2001: 25</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(economic impact). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D0A3557460FEC063" author="Goodisman, M. A. D. & Matthews, R. W. & Crozier, R. H." box="[1019,1436,1051,1077]" page="1423" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D0A3557460FEC063" author="Goodisman" box="[1019,1436,1051,1077]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Goodisman" page="1423 - 1432" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="1423 - 1432" refId="ref35119" refString="Goodisman, M. A. D., Matthews, R. W. & Crozier, R. H. (2001 a) Hierarchical genetic structure of the introduced wasp Vespula germanica in Australia. Molecular Ecology, 10, 1423 - 1432. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 294 X. 2001.01291. x" type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Goodisman
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D7DB557461DEC063" box="[1155,1212,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2001a: 1423–1432
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(population genetics); 2001b: 346–349 (genetic structure); 2002: 497–502 (ethology). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D64655506762C02B" author="Ward, D. & Honan, P. & Lefoe, G." page="306" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D64655506762C02B" author="Ward" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ward" page="306 - 309" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="306 - 309" refId="ref52446" refString="Ward, D., Honan, P. & Lefoe, G. (2002) Colony structure and nest characteristics of European wasps, Vespula germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), in Victoria, Australia. Australian Journal of Entomology, 41, 306 - 309. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1440 - 6055.2002.00308. x" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Ward
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D607555060F4C00F" box="[1375,1430,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2002: 306–309
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(ecology). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D1D5550C66D3C02B" author="Reeson, A. F. & Jankovic, T. & Kasper, M. L. & Rogers, S. & Austin, A. D." box="[653,945,1122,1149]" page="85" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D1D5550C66D3C02B" author="Reeson" box="[653,945,1122,1149]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Reeson" page="85 - 91" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="85 - 91" refId="ref46769" refString="Reeson, A. F., Jankovic, T., Kasper, M. L., Rogers, S. & Austin, A. D. (2003) Application of 16 S rDNA-DGGE to examine the microbial ecology associated with a social wasp Vespula germanica. Insect Molecular Biology, 12, 85 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2583.2003.00390. x" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Reeson
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D1BE550C667FC02B" box="[742,797,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2003: 85-91
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(bacterial microflora). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D79B550C64B4C0F7" author="Kasper, M. L. & Reeson, A. F. & Cooper, S. J. B. & Perry, K. D. & Austin, A. D." page="2037" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D79B550C64B4C0F7" author="Kasper" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kasper" page="2037 - 2048" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="2037 - 2048" refId="ref38727" refString="Kasper, M. L., Reeson, A. F., Cooper, S. J. B., Perry, K. D. & Austin, A. D. (2004) Assessment of prey overlap between a native (Polistes humilis) and an introduced (Vespula germanica) social wasp using morphology and phylogenetic analyses of 16 S rDNA. Molecular Ecology, 13 (7), 2037 - 2048. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 294 X. 2004.02193. x" type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Kasper
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D640550C6032C02B" box="[1304,1360,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2004: 2037–2048
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(prey). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D16555E86614C0F7" author="Miller, P. F. & Peters, B. A. & Vernon, F." box="[573,886,1158,1185]" page="387" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D16555E86614C0F7" author="Miller" box="[573,886,1158,1185]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Miller" page="387 - 391" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="387 - 391" refId="ref43548" refString="Miller, P. F., Peters, B. A. & Vernon, F. (2005) A field study on the control of European Wasp Vespula germanica (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and paper Wasp Polistes sp. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) using a novel aqueous powder formulation. In: Lee, C. Y. & Robinson, W. H. (Eds.), Fifth International Conference on Urban Pests, Singapore, 11 - 13 July 2005, pp. 387 - 391." type="book chapter" year="2005">
|
||
Miller
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D1D155E867A2C0F7" box="[649,704,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2005: 387–391
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(control). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D0A255E8604DC0F7" author="Wood, G. M. & Hopkins, D. C. & Schellhorn, N. A." box="[1018,1327,1159,1185]" page="263" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2006">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D0A255E8604DC0F7" author="Wood" box="[1018,1327,1159,1185]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wood" page="263 - 267" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="263 - 267" refId="ref53319" refString="Wood, G. M., Hopkins, D. C. & Schellhorn, N. A. (2006) Preference by Vespula germanica (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) for processed meats: Implications for toxic baiting. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99 (2), 263 - 267. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jee / 99.2.263" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Wood
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D71A55E86118C0F7" box="[1090,1146,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2006: 263–267
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(baiting). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D23F55C467D1C093" author="Kasper, M. L. & Reeson, A. F. & Austin, A. D." box="[359,691,1194,1221]" page="265" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D23F55C467D1C093" author="Kasper" box="[359,691,1194,1221]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kasper" page="265 - 274" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="265 - 274" refId="ref38653" refString="Kasper, M. L., Reeson, A. F. & Austin, A. D. (2008 a) Colony characteristics of Vespula germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in a Mediterranean climate (southern Australia). Australian Journal of Entomology, 47, 265 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1440 - 6055.2008.00658. x" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Kasper
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D2E555C46494C093" box="[445,502,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2008a: 265-274
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(ecology); 2008b: 288–295 (ethology). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D7DC55C46023C093" author="Brown, G. R." box="[1156,1345,1195,1221]" page="30" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D7DC55C46023C093" author="Brown" box="[1156,1345,1195,1221]" firstAuthor="Brown" page="30" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" refId="ref27501" refString="Brown, G. R. (2009) Northern Territory Insects: A Comprehensive Guide. University of Queensland, Centre for Biological Information Technology, Brisbane. [CD-Rom]" type="book" year="2009">Brown, 2009: 30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(? Lake Eyre Basin). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D15D55A06658C0BF" author="Tennant, P. & Davis, P. & Widmer, M. & Hood, G." box="[517,826,1231,1257]" page="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D15D55A06658C0BF" author="Tennant" box="[517,826,1231,1257]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tennant" page="1 - 17" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" refId="ref51352" refString="Tennant, P., Davis, P., Widmer, M. & Hood, G. (2011) Final Report CRC 30133: Urban surveillance for Emergency Plant Pests (EPPs). Cooperative Research Centre for National Plant Biosecurity, Canberra, 17 pp." type="book" year="2011">
|
||
Tennant
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D13155A067C7C0BF" box="[617,677,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 1–17
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D00355A0614FC0BF" author="Archer, M. E." box="[859,1069,1231,1257]" page="241" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2012">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D00355A0614FC0BF" author="Archer" box="[859,1069,1231,1257]" firstAuthor="Archer" page="241" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" refId="ref25204" refString="Archer, M. E. (2012) Vespine Wasps of the World. Siri Scientific Press, Manchester, 352 pp." type="book" year="2012">Archer, 2012: 241</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key), 284, Figs 9.64A, 9.65B, 10.122. -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D298559C67CCC15B" author="Nash, M. A." box="[448,686,1267,1293]" page="127" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2013">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D298559C67CCC15B" author="Nash" box="[448,686,1267,1293]" firstAuthor="Nash" page="127 - 136" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="127 - 136" refId="ref44612" refString="Nash, M. A. (2013) Alien invertebrates are invading the Australian Alps. The Victorian Naturalist, 130 (3), 127 - 136." type="journal article" year="2013">Nash, 2013: 127–136</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(distr. in Vic.). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D03F559C6104C15B" author="Lester, P. J. & Gruber, M. A. M. & Brenton-Rule, E. C. & Archer, M. E. & Corley, J. C. & Dvorak, L. & Masciocchi, M. & Van Oystaeyen, A." box="[871,1126,1267,1293]" page="966" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D03F559C6104C15B" author="Lester" box="[871,1126,1267,1293]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lester" page="966" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="964 - 974" refId="ref42023" refString="Lester, P. J., Gruber, M. A. M., Brenton-Rule, E. C., Archer, M. E., Corley, J. C., Dvorak, L., Masciocchi, M. & Van Oystaeyen, A. (2014) Determining the origin of invasions and demonstrating a lack of enemy release from microsporidian pathogens in common wasps (Vespula vulgaris). Diversity and Distributions, 20 (8), 964 - 974. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / ddi. 12223" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Lester
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D0EB559C6688C15B" box="[947,1002,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014: 966
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(possible supercession of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13BFF98D6D0559C64D1C167" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D6D0559C64D1C167" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">V. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D28D54786723C167" box="[469,577,1303,1329]" name="Australia" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D13B54786619C167" author="Fearn, S. & Dowde, J. & Maynard, D." box="[611,891,1302,1329]" page="49" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2015">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D13B54786619C167" author="Fearn" box="[611,891,1302,1329]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fearn" page="49 - 55" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="49 - 55" refId="ref32119" refString="Fearn, S., Dowde, J. & Maynard, D. (2015) Record sized perennial subterranean nest of the introduced European wasp Vespula germanica (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae) in northern Tasmania. The Tasmanian Naturalist, 137, 49 - 55." type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Fearn
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D1F154786783C167" box="[681,737,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2015: 49–55
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(perennial nest). -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D71754786048C167" author="Perrard" box="[1103,1322,1303,1329]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perrard" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="406 - 425" refId="ref45731" refString="Perrard, A., Lopez-Osorio, F. & Carpenter, J. M. (2016) Phylogeny, landmark analysis and the use of wing venation to study the evolution of social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae). Cladistics, 32, 406 - 425. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 12138" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Perrard
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D7F054786182C167" box="[1192,1248,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Figs 2–3, 7–8 (phylogenetic relationships). -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D187545466B9C103" author="de Villiers" box="[735,987,1339,1365]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="de Villiers" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="0181397" refId="ref31224" refString="de Villiers, M., Kriticos, D. J. & Veldtman, R. (2017) Including irrigation in niche modelling of the invasive wasp Vespula germanica (Fabricius) improves model fit to predict potential for further spread. PloS ONE, 12 (7), e 0181397. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0181397" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
de Villiers
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D001545466F3C103" box="[857,913,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: e0181397 (niche modeling). - BrentonRule
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D2CE543064B0C12F" box="[406,466,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018: 3445-3460 (invasion source; viruses). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D0A4543060FEC12F" author="Potter-Craven, J. & Kirkpatrick, J. B. & McQuillan, P. B. & Bell, P." box="[1020,1436,1374,1401]" page="521" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D0A4543060FEC12F" author="Potter-Craven" box="[1020,1436,1374,1401]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Potter-Craven" page="521 - 532" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref46129" refString="Potter-Craven, J., Kirkpatrick, J. B., McQuillan, P. B. & Bell, P. (2018) The effects of introduced vespid wasps (Vespula germanica and V. vulgaris) on threatened native butterfly (Oreixenica ptunarra) populations in Tasmania. Journal of Insect Conservation, 22, 521 - 532. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10841 - 018 - 0081 - 9" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Potter-Craven
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D7FB543061BDC12F" box="[1187,1247,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018: 521–532
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(conservation impact). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D13554EC66D0C1CB" author="Lester, P. J. & Beggs, J. R." box="[621,946,1410,1437]" page="51" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2019">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D13554EC66D0C1CB" author="Lester & Beggs" box="[621,946,1410,1437]" firstAuthor="Lester" page="51 - 71" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="51 - 71" refId="ref41973" refString="Lester, P. J. & Beggs, J. R. (2019) Invasion success and management strategies for social Vespula wasps. Annual Review of Entomology, 64, 51 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev-ento- 011118 - 111812" type="journal article" year="2019">Lester & Beggs, 2019:51–71</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(invasion history, impact, control). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D60154EC6483C197" author="Cook, D. C." page="55" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2019">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D60154EC6483C197" author="Cook" firstAuthor="Cook" page="55 - 74" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="55 - 74" refId="ref30426" refString="Cook, D. C. (2019) Quantifying the potential impact of the European wasp (Vespula germanica) on ecosystem services in Western Australia. NeoBiota, 50, 55 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / neobiota. 50.37573" type="journal article" year="2019">Cook, 2019: 55-74</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(economic impact). -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D18654C866A4C197" author="Spencer" box="[734,966,1447,1473]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Spencer" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="00144" refId="ref50380" refString="Spencer, E. E., Barton, P. S., Ripple, W. J. & Newsome, T. M. (2020) Invasive European wasps alter scavenging dynamics around carrion, Food Webs, 24, e 00144. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. fooweb. 2020. e 00144" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Spencer
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D01954C86618C197" box="[833,890,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: e00144 (feeding on carrion). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D66854C8672AC1B3" author="Harrop, T. W. R. & Guhlin, J. & McLaughlin, G. M. & Permina, E. & Stockwell, P. & Gilligan, J. & Le Lec, M. F. & Gruber, M. A. M. & Quinn, O. & Lovegrove, M. & Duncan, E. J. & Remnant, E. J. & Van Eeckhoven, J. & Graham, B. & Knapp, R. A. & Langford, K. W. & Kronenberg, Z. & Press, M. O. & Eacker, S. M. & Wilson-Rankin, E. E. & Purcell, J. & Lester, P. J. & Dearden, P. K." page="3479" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2020">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D66854C8672AC1B3" author="Harrop" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Harrop" page="3479 - 3488" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="3479 - 3488" refId="ref35989" refString="Harrop, T. W. R., Guhlin, J., McLaughlin, G. M., Permina, E., Stockwell, P., Gilligan, J., Le Lec, M. F., Gruber, M. A. M., Quinn, O., Lovegrove, M., Duncan, E. J., Remnant, E. J., Van Eeckhoven, J., Graham, B., Knapp, R. A., Langford, K. W., Kronenberg, Z., Press, M. O., Eacker, S. M., Wilson-Rankin, E. E., Purcell, J., Lester, P. J. & Dearden, P. K. (2020) High-quality assemblies for three invasive social wasps from the Vespula genus. Genes Genomes Genetics, 10, 3479 - 3488. https: // doi. org / 10.1534 / g 3.120.401579" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Harrop
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D6D054C86416C1B3" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2020: 3479–3488
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(genome). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D18454A46691C1B3" author="Cacho, O. & Hester, S. & Tait, P." box="[732,1011,1483,1509]" page="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2021">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D18454A46691C1B3" author="Cacho" box="[732,1011,1483,1509]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cacho" page="1 - 93" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" refId="ref27889" refString="Cacho, O., Hester, S. & Tait, P. (2021). Re-evaluating management of established pests including the European wasp, Vespula germanica using biocontrol agents. Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk Analysis, Melbourne, 93 pp." type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Cacho
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D07354A46607C1B3" box="[811,869,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2021: 1–93
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(management). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D7E554A460FEC1B3" author="Monk, N." box="[1213,1436,1482,1509]" page="56" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="2021">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D7E554A460FEC1B3" author="Monk" box="[1213,1436,1482,1509]" firstAuthor="Monk" page="56 - 58" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="56 - 58" refId="ref44289" refString="Monk, N. (2021) Remains of European wasps ' Vespula germanica' detected in pellets of pied currawong ' Strepera graculina'. Australian Field Ornithology, 39, 56 - 58." type="journal article" year="2021">Monk, 2021: 56–58</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(predation by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13BFF98D2AC548067AAC25F" ID-CoL="6ZXV9" baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[500,712,1519,1545]" class="Aves" family="Cracticidae" genus="Strepera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graculina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D2AC548067AAC25F" box="[500,712,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Strepera graculina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D1B754806692C25F" author="Cairncross" box="[751,1008,1519,1545]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cairncross" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="00227" refId="ref27936" refString="Cairncross, R. J., Barton, P. S., Bonat, S., Crowther, M. S., Dickman, C. R., Vandersteen, J. & Newsome, T. M. (2022) The predatory impacts of invasive European wasps on flies are facilitated by carcasses with open wounds, Food Webs, 31, e 00227. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. fooweb. 2022. e 00227" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Cairncross
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D036548066C4C25F" box="[878,934,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: e00227 (predation at carrion).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B7A36F6B13BFF98D3AF577C6044C223" blockId="20.[247,1437,150,1797]" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABD511D8B13BFF98D3AF577C6044C223" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13BFF98D3AF577C6767C27A" ID-CoL="4DHQP" authority="Fabricius, 1793" box="[247,517,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Paravespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D3AF577C6767C27A" box="[247,517,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Paravespula germanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D14C577C678DC27B" author="Bluthgen, P." box="[532,751,1555,1581]" page="27" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1961">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D14C577C678DC27B" author="Bluthgen" box="[532,751,1555,1581]" firstAuthor="Bluthgen" page="27" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 252" refId="ref26801" refString="Bluthgen, P. (1961) Die Faltenwespen Mitteleuropas (Hymenoptera, Diploptera). Abhandlungen der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Klasse fur Chemie, Geologie und Biologie, 1961 (2), 1 - 252. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783112537084" type="journal article" year="1961">Blüthgen, 1961: 27</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 45. Figs 14–15, 20. -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D0B7577C6076C27B" author="Spradbery, J. P." box="[1007,1300,1554,1581]" page="375" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1973">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D0B7577C6076C27B" author="Spradbery" box="[1007,1300,1554,1581]" firstAuthor="Spradbery" page="375 - 380" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="375 - 380" refId="ref50444" refString="Spradbery, J. P. (1973) The European social wasp, Paravespula germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Tasmania, Australia. Proceedings of the VII Congress of the International Union for the Study of Social Insects, London, 1973, 375 - 380." type="journal article" year="1973">Spradbery, 1973: 375-380</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(biology). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D20F57586729C207" author="Madden, J. L." box="[343,587,1590,1617]" page="59" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1981">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D20F57586729C207" author="Madden" box="[343,587,1590,1617]" firstAuthor="Madden" page="59 - 65" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="59 - 65" refId="ref42456" refString="Madden, J. L. (1981) Factors influencing the abundance of the European wasp (Paravespula germanica [F.]). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 20, 59 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1440 - 6055.1981. tb 01000. x" type="journal article" year="1981">Madden, 1981: 59–65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(ecology). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D18F575866F0C207" author="Archer, M. E." box="[727,914,1591,1617]" page="26" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D18F575866F0C207" author="Archer" box="[727,914,1591,1617]" firstAuthor="Archer" page="26" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref25012" refString="Archer, M. E. (1989) A key to the world species of the Vespinae (Hymenoptera). Research Monographs of the College of Ripon & York St. John, 2, 1 - 41, 71" type="journal article" year="1989">Archer, 1989: 26</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key), 37, Figs 17C, 64A, 65B, 70B. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D666575864EDC223" author="Borsato" firstAuthor="Borsato" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="245 - 251" refId="ref26912" refString="Borsato, W. (1994 [" 1993 "]) Contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi e dei Vespidi australiani (Hymenoptera Eumenidae et Vespidae). Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 125 (3), 245 - 251." type="journal article" year="1994">Borsato, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[1993]: 250 (Vic.: Melbourne). -
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D05F573466B1C223" author="Archer, M. E." box="[775,979,1627,1653]" page="280" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D05F573466B1C223" author="Archer" box="[775,979,1627,1653]" firstAuthor="Archer" page="280" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="279 - 284" refId="ref25054" refString="Archer, M. E. (1998) The world distribution of the Euro-Asian species of Paravespula (Hym., Vespinae). Entomologist's monthly magazine. 134, 279 - 284." type="journal article" year="1998">Archer, 1998: 280</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(distr.); 2008: 5-29 (ecology).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B7A36F6B13BFF98D3AF571061EBC2CF" blockId="20.[247,1437,150,1797]" box="[247,1161,1662,1689]" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABD511D8B13BFF98D3AF571061EBC2CF" box="[247,1161,1662,1689]" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CC54D75B13BFF98D3AF571064B8C2CF" ID-CoL="7FR7G" baseAuthorityName="Buysson" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[247,474,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D3AF571064B8C2CF" box="[247,474,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Vespula maculifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A6410E7B13BFF98D2B1571067BFC2CF" author="Pena G. & L. E & Perez de Arce, R. & Cartagena C." box="[489,733,1662,1689]" page="167" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" year="1975">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF544B07B13BFF98D2B1571067BFC2CF" author="Pena" box="[489,733,1662,1689]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Pena" page="167" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" pagination="167 - 168" refId="ref45639" refString="Pena G., L. E., Perez de Arce, R. & Cartagena C., L. (1975) La presencia de Vespula maculifrons (Buysson), (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) en Chile. Revista Chilena de Entomologia, 9, 167 - 168." type="journal article" year="1975">
|
||
Peña
|
||
<emphasis id="B9B1EAE4B13BFF98D17E5710673DC2CF" box="[550,607,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1975: 167
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(introduced
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D034571066CCC2CF" box="[876,942,1663,1689]" name="Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Misidentification.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3DF657DB13BFF98D3AF57CC61AAC353" pageId="20" pageNumber="471" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B7A36F6B13BFF98D3AF57CC61AAC353" blockId="20.[247,1437,150,1797]" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">
|
||
Distribution: coastal in N. S. W., Vic., Tas., S. A., W.A.; introduced into
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D75657CC6117C2EB" box="[1038,1141,1699,1725]" name="Australia" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Tas. 1959, N. S. W. 1975, Vic. 1977, W. A. 1977, S. A. 1978, Qld. 1988, N. T. 1992); native to Eurasia, also introduced into
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D20F57846492C353" box="[343,496,1771,1797]" name="New Zealand" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, North and South America,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D0705784661FC353" box="[808,893,1771,1797]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Iceland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D0DF5784669EC353" box="[903,1020,1771,1797]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3D27666B13BFF98D76A578461A6C353" box="[1074,1220,1771,1797]" name="South Africa" pageId="20" pageNumber="471">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |