212 lines
19 KiB
XML
212 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9c9b7f37-a72e-4610-8ac5-908f601d1121" ID-PMC="PMC8888540" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1087-19" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ECD9B4DC2A3357AABC04DB88FB7D40B1" ID-PubMed="35437365" ID-ZooBank="94F2384E640E4A58B8B4D9D06675D2C2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1087-19" checkinTime="1645627321867" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nupponen 1, Kari & Sihvonen, Pasi" docDate="2022" docId="66DEBDA83E6F59E182F716E0FB64973A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1087: 19-104" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1087" docPubDate="2022-02-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382" docTitle="Scythris bicoloristrigella Nupponen, sp. nov., genus combination 2022, incertae sedis" docType="treatment" docUuid="DE27AA3E-8F19-4576-AFF5-AE6C56175C14" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="ECD9B4DC2A3357AABC04DB88FB7D40B1" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="ECD9B4DC2A3357AABC04DB88FB7D40B1" masterDocTitle="Revision of Neotropical Scythrididae moths and descriptions of 22 new species from Argentina, Chile, and Peru (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea)" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1668151506650" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Neotropical Scythrididae moths and descriptions of 22 new species from Argentina, Chile, and Peru (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nupponen 1, Kari</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Merenneidontie 19 D, FI- 02320 Espoo, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sihvonen, Pasi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2237-9325</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 17, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">pasi.sihvonen@helsinki.fi</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-02-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1087</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>19</mods:start>
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<mods:end>104</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1087-19</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">94F2384E640E4A58B8B4D9D06675D2C2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ECD9B4DC2A3357AABC04DB88FB7D40B1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193585888" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DE27AA3E-8F19-4576-AFF5-AE6C56175C14" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/66DEBDA83E6F59E182F716E0FB64973A" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/DE27AA3E-8F19-4576-AFF5-AE6C56175C14" authority="Nupponen, sp. nov., genus combination" authorityName="Nupponen, sp. nov., genus combination" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scythris bicoloristrigella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicoloristrigella" status="incertae sedis">Scythris bicoloristrigella Nupponen, sp. nov., genus combination</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="19">incertae sedis</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 24B–29" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 24 B- 29. Scythrididae adults, genus Scythris 24 B S. tibicina Meyrick, 1916, male 25 A S. sanfranciscoensis Nupponen sp. nov., male, holotype 25 B S. sanfriscoensis Nupponen sp. nov., male, paratype 26 S. tigrensis Nupponen, sp. nov., male, holotype 27 A S. bicoloristrigella Nupponen sp. nov., genus combination incertae sedis, male, holotype 27 B S. bicoloristrigella Nupponen sp. nov., genus combination incertae sedis, male, paratype 28 S. saldaitisi Nupponen sp. nov., genus combination incertae sedis, male, holotype 29 S. wikstromi Nupponen, sp. nov., genus combination incertae sedis, male, holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382.figures24b-29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/649319" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Figs 27</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 55–56" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figures 55 - 56. Male genitalia of Scythris 55 S. tigrensis Nupponen sp. nov., holotype, slide 1 / 08 Dec. 2019 KN 56 S. bicoloristrigella Nupponen sp. nov., genus combination incertae sedis, holotype, slide 1 / 9 Dec. 2019 KN." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382.figures55-56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/649331" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">, 56</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Holotype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Argentina • ♂; prov. Mendoza, Andes Mts., Cordillera del Tigre, Mendoza River valley near Uspallata village;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="35.9" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-32.598335">32°35.9'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="69" direction="west" minutes="22.9" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-69.38167">69°22.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 1900 m a.s.l.; 25 Jan. 2017; K. Nupponen & R. Haverinen leg.; [BOLD sample ID] KN01056; [genitalia slide] K. Nupponen prep. no. 1/9 Dec. 2019; coll. NUPP (MZH).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Paratype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Argentina • 1 ♂; prov. San Juan, Andes Mts., salt lake by Cordillera del Tigre;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="52.8" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-30.88">30°52.8'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="52.4" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-68.87334">68°52.4'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 1620 m a.s.l.; 26 Jan. 2017; K. Nupponen & R. Haverinen leg.; coll. NUPP.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Externally similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. ankylosauroides" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="ankylosauroides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">L. ankylosauroides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, sharing broad white streak in fold of forewing (dorsally and basally white, costally and terminally cream). Examination of the male genitalia is required to safely identify between
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. bicoloristrigella" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bicoloristrigella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">S. bicoloristrigella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. saldaitisi" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saldaitisi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">S. saldaitisi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. wikstromi" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wikstromi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">S. wikstromi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In the male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. saldaitisi" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saldaitisi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">S. saldaitisi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, shape of asymmetrical valvae (left one very short) and anterior margin of sternum VIII straight are distinctive (valvae ca. equal length with incurved apexes and anterior margin of sternum VIII concave in
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. wikstromi" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wikstromi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">S. wikstromi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, valvae ca. equal length, right valva setose and anterior margin of sternum VIII concave in
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. bicoloristrigella" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bicoloristrigella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">S. bicoloristrigella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Wingspan 15-16.5 mm. Head, collar, haustellum, tegula and thorax pale beige with scattered cream scales; posterior 1/2 of thorax with longitudinal cream line. Neck tuft white. Scape dorsally fuscous, ventrally pale beige, pecten longer than diameter of scape. Flagellum dark brown, 0.75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of forewing, ciliate, sensillae ~ 1.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as diameter of flagellum. Labial palps: palpomere I white; lower surface of posterior 1/2 of palpomere II and palpomere III dark brown, otherwise greyish white. Legs beige, tibiae darker. Abdomen dorsally beige, ventrally dirty white. Forewing pale fuscous; in fold broad streak from base to cell end: dorsally white from base to 0.6, edged by dark brown line dorsally, costally, and terminally cream; dark brown spots in midwing at 0.5, 0.65 and 0.7; in apical area few dark brown scales. Hindwing pale fuscous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Uncus heavily sclerotised hood distally, medioposteriorly indented. Gnathos massive, upturned 90° at basal 1/3, distal portion robust and heavily sclerotised, distally tapered, tip pointed. Tegumen elongated hood, dorsally widely open. Phallus ca. as long as uncus, rather broad, beyond middle bent and chute-shaped. Valvae asymmetrical, left valva 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as right; left valva with semi-circular indentation ventrally at 0.3, distal 0.7 tapered, setose, apically bent, tip pointed; right valva with large triangular lobe ventrally at base, distal 1/2 with numerous thin spiniform setae, dorsally folded, subapically tapered, apex with few minute spines and dense setae. Sternum VIII rectangular, elongated, 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide; posteromedially with very deep U-shaped depression, posterior shanks long, setose; lateromedially margin sclerotised, forming tapered extensions; anterior margin with two short, parallel apodemes. Tergum VIII hexagonal, anterior margin widely concave.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Diminuitive noun in apposition. The species name alludes to the bicolored streak in the fold of the forewing.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">NW Argentina.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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The habitat is a dry and xerothermic valley of the River Mendoza at medium altitude of the Andes, surrounded by rocky slopes with sparse and low vegetation. The paratype was collected at a xerothermic locality in the middle of a dry lake with sparse halophytic shrubs (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 79. Collecting site of Rhamphura angulisociella sp. nov., Scythris caimancitoensis sp. nov. and S. sanfranciscoi sp. nov.: Argentina, Rio San Francisco (397 m), 18 Sep. 2017." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/649351" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">79</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="genetic data">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Genetic data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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BIN: BOLD:ADY8267 (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">n</emphasis>
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= 1 from Argentina). Nearest species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen, sp. nov., genus combination" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scythris saldaitisi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saldaitisi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Scythris saldaitisi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Nupponen, sp. nov. (BIN: BOLD:ADZ5132, 5.3%).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Female unknown. Based on COI maximum likelihood phylogeny and morphology, South American taxa
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen, sp. nov., genus combination" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scythris bicoloristrigella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicoloristrigella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Scythris bicoloristrigella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen, sp. nov., genus combination" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scythris saldaitisi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saldaitisi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Scythris saldaitisi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen, sp. nov., genus combination" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scythris wikstromi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wikstromi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Scythris wikstromi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group together, associating next to the North American taxa classified in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scythris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Scythris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Landry" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Rhamphura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhamphura" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Rhamphura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, or
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Landry" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Neoscythris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoscythris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Neoscythris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on BOLD (Suppl. material 2). We are unable to classify these with certainty to any
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen" authorityYear="2022" family="Scythrididae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Scythrididae</taxonomicName>
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genus as diagnosed and illustrated in
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm123160fv" author="Landry, JF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 341" refId="B22" refString="Landry, JF, 1991. Systematics of Nearctic Scythrididae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea): phylogeny and classification of supraspecific taxa, with a review of described species. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 160: 1 - 341, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm123160fv" title="Systematics of Nearctic Scythrididae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea): phylogeny and classification of supraspecific taxa, with a review of described species." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm123160fv" volume="160" year="1991">Landry (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Bengtsson, BA" journalOrPublisher="Esperiana Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="5 - 361" refId="B3" refString="Bengtsson, BA, 2014. The Afrotropical Scythrididae. Bad Staffelstein & Schwanfeld. Esperiana Memoir 7: 5 - 361" title="The Afrotropical Scythrididae. Bad Staffelstein & Schwanfeld." volume="7" year="2014">Bengtsson (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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. We therefore took a conservative view and classified these taxa in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scythris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Scythris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(incertae sedis), highlighting the need for further research.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |