527 lines
67 KiB
XML
527 lines
67 KiB
XML
<document id="E18F744D730605AD98E5735D85E7D5B9" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4161.2.5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4161.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fbe66f45-8be4-4664-82be-114fce578f88" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="255631" ID-ZooBank="9FA0C76C-0C88-4EFB-8967-9737A1BE5DBF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1473057484531" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Agrain, Federico A., Cabrera, Nora, Holgado, Miriam G. & Vicchi, Franco R." docDate="2016" docId="D90B87FC8A709E6EFF10FC3EFA6AAF63" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4161.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4161 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Colaspis caligula Agrain, Cabrera, Holgado & Vicchi, 2016, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="234" masterDocId="2532FF848A719E69FF87FFF9FFEEAD03" masterDocTitle="Colaspis caligula, a new species found in association with Vitis vinifera (L.) crops in Argentina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)" masterLastPageNumber="236" masterPageNumber="228" pageNumber="229" updateTime="1698383994745" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="547394D61596C7726960BBC4053427A3">Colaspis caligula, a new species found in association with Vitis vinifera (L.) crops in Argentina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3B810AB0EA73C5A2462CA9BB352244A3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="830F7DF9A01FDF54A0EAA8F87A8737C1">Agrain, Federico A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C6FBB529BBC2C73308F619D00F47F76A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4629F2C448E33359C05E5695E89F9E61">Cabrera, Nora</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0E92F4CB772A7661C9CA3C7FF1BF7BD4">Holgado, Miriam G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6586A24C231C630655CAB65924724051">Vicchi, Franco R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="81200A267FCB1DDCB5A5E492FC37B052">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D4456EBFA5003D18947BA8385567FFCC">2016</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="19B865618A709E68FF10FC3EFF17A900" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="511D36EA8A709E68FF10FC3EFE5EAEE1" blockId="1.[151,432,967,1027]" box="[151,432,967,994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
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<heading id="0A5581868A709E68FF10FC3EFE5EAEE1" bold="true" box="[151,432,967,994]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FF10FC3EFE5EAEE1" bold="true" box="[151,432,967,994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
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<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FF10FC3EFE89AEE2" box="[151,359,967,993]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FF10FC3EFE89AEE2" bold="true" box="[151,359,967,993]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A709E68FEE9FC31FE5EAEE1" box="[366,432,968,994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="511D36EA8A709E68FF10FC13FF17A900" blockId="1.[151,432,967,1027]" box="[151,249,1002,1027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
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<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A709E68FF10FC13FF17A900" box="[151,249,1002,1027]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,923,945]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1399,1421]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionStartId-4="6.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionTargetBox-0="[169,1422,183,903]" captionTargetBox-1="[172,1410,210,1821]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1425,204,1366]" captionTargetBox-3="[155,1429,829,1545]" captionTargetBox-4="[172,1414,204,1842]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[163,1423,183,904]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1377]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[150,1436,819,1559]" captionTargetId-4="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (female): a. dorsal habitus; b. ventral habitus; c. head." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (diagnostic characters): a. hind wing venation; b. ovipositor and pygidium in dorsal view; c. spermathecal capsule; d. aedeagus." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Colaspis caligula n. sp., mature larva: a. habitus, lateral view; b. habitus, dorsal view." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Colaspis caligula n. sp., mature larva: a. head, frontal view; b. head, lateral view." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Colaspis caligula n. sp., pupa: dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/255632/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/255633/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/255634/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/255635/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/255636/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="19B865618A709E68FF10FBCBFE68A9B4" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="etymology">
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<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FF10FBCBFEF0A948" bold="true" box="[151,286,1074,1099]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The specific epithet is treated as a noun in apposition (ICZN 1999, Art. 34.2.1). It refers to the diminutive form of the Latin term “caliga” and it literally means "little boots" due to the appearance of the tarsi of the adults. It also reminds of the nickname given to the infamous Roman emperor Gaius Caesar Germanicus.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FF40FB67FEE2A9B4" bold="true" box="[199,268,1182,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Adult</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A709E68FE9DFB67FE93A9B4" box="[282,381,1182,1207]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,923,945]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox-0="[169,1422,183,903]" captionTargetBox-1="[172,1410,210,1821]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[163,1423,183,904]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (female): a. dorsal habitus; b. ventral habitus; c. head." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (diagnostic characters): a. hind wing venation; b. ovipositor and pygidium in dorsal view; c. spermathecal capsule; d. aedeagus." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/255632/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/255633/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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studied.
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: pinned.
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<collectingMunicipality id="B179AC908A709E68FD05FB3BFD31A9D8" box="[642,735,1218,1243]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Original</collectingMunicipality>
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:
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,
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. Col F. Vicchi. Red label (printed): HOLOTYPE/
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<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FABDFB1FFF1DA820" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula">
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<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FABDFB1FFF1DA820" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FF7AFAF3FEAEA820" bold="true" box="[253,320,1290,1315]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">n. sp/</emphasis>
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Des. Federico A. Agrain 2016. IADIZA.
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: female, pinned.
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:
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,
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. Col F. Vicchi. Red label (printed): ALLOTYPE/
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<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FD98FAABFD08A868" box="[543,742,1362,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula">
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<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FD98FAABFD08A868" box="[543,742,1362,1387]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FD69FAABFCDEA868" bold="true" box="[750,816,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">n. sp/</emphasis>
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Des. Federico A. Agrain 2016. IADIZA.
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<typeStatus id="8E1988488A709E68FA96FAAAFA90A868" box="[1297,1406,1363,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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, pinned.
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<collectingMunicipality id="B179AC908A709E68FE01FA8FFE0DA88C" box="[390,483,1398,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Original</collectingMunicipality>
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labels: white label (printed):
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:
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<collectingRegion id="9366F8088A709E68FB90FA8FFB6CA88C" box="[1047,1154,1398,1423]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location id="547D60318A709E68FB11FA8FFB31A88C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D90B87FC8A709E6EFF10FC3EFA6AAF63:547D60318A709E68FB11FA8FFB31A88C" box="[1174,1247,1398,1423]" country="Argentina" municipality="Original" name="Maipu" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" stateProvince="Mendoza">Maipú</location>
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(Barrancas)/ (- 33.094652, -68.674391)/
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</date>
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. Col F. Vicchi. Red label (printed):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FC67FA63FB49A8B0" box="[992,1191,1434,1459]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FC67FA63FB49A8B0" box="[992,1191,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FB28FA63FB1EA8B0" bold="true" box="[1199,1264,1434,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A709E68FB28FA63FB1EA8B0" box="[1199,1264,1434,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/ PARATYPE / Des. Agrain et al. 2016. IADIZA.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1CA3CB78A709E68FD9EFA39FD05AB1C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1303593625" collectingDate="2014-12-18" country="Argentina" location="Maipu" municipality="Original" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mendoza" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E1988488A709E68FD9EFA39FD95A8DB" box="[537,635,1472,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="47A4FD638A709E68FD0DFA46FCE2A8D4" box="[650,780,1470,1495]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, female. pinned, with genitalia in a separate microvial and hindwing glued to a card point.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B179AC908A709E68FDBDFA1BFD79A8F8" box="[570,663,1506,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Original</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
labels: white label (printed):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29B5767A8A709E68FB91FA1AFB50A8F8" box="[1046,1214,1507,1531]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9366F8088A709E68FB55FA1BFAD3A8F8" box="[1234,1341,1506,1531]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="547D60318A709E68FAD4FA1BFA72A8F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D90B87FC8A709E6EFF10FC3EFA6AAF63:547D60318A709E68FAD4FA1BFA72A8F8" box="[1363,1436,1506,1531]" country="Argentina" municipality="Original" name="Maipu" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" stateProvince="Mendoza">Maipú</location>
|
||
(Barrancas)/ (-33.094652, -68.674391)/
|
||
<date id="251C102A8A709E68FDDAF9FEFD05AB1C" box="[605,747,1543,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2014-12-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3558E9C28A709E68FDDAF9FEFD05AB1C" box="[605,747,1543,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2014-12-18">18/XII/2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Col F. Vicchi. Red label (printed):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FB03F9FFFAA5AB1C" box="[1156,1355,1542,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FB03F9FFFAA5AB1C" box="[1156,1355,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FAD3F9FFFA7BAB1C" bold="true" box="[1364,1429,1542,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A709E68FAD3F9FFFA7BAB1C" box="[1364,1429,1542,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/ PARATYPE / Des. Agrain et al. 2016. IADIZA.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1CA3CB78A709E68FD42F9D2FE5AAB88" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1303593626" collectingDate="2014-12-18" country="Argentina" location="Maipu" municipality="Original" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mendoza" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E1988488A709E68FD42F9D2FCC9AB40" box="[709,807,1579,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="47A4FD638A709E68FCB0F9D2FC55AB40" box="[823,955,1578,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, male. pinned, with genitalia in a separate microvial.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B179AC908A709E68FE92F9B7FE9CAB64" box="[277,370,1614,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Original</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
labels: white label (printed):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29B5767A8A709E68FD50F9B6FC91AB64" box="[727,895,1615,1639]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9366F8088A709E68FC08F9B7FC14AB64" box="[911,1018,1614,1639]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="547D60318A709E68FB8DF9B7FBBDAB64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D90B87FC8A709E6EFF10FC3EFA6AAF63:547D60318A709E68FB8DF9B7FBBDAB64" box="[1034,1107,1614,1639]" country="Argentina" municipality="Original" name="Maipu" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" stateProvince="Mendoza">Maipú</location>
|
||
(Barrancas)/ (-33.094652, - 68.674391)/
|
||
<date id="251C102A8A709E68FEA1F98AFE5AAB88" box="[294,436,1651,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2014-12-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3558E9C28A709E68FEA1F98AFE5AAB88" box="[294,436,1651,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2014-12-18">18/XII/2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Col F. Vicchi. Red label (printed):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FCC6F98BFBE8AB88" box="[833,1030,1650,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FCC6F98BFBE8AB88" box="[833,1030,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FB8BF98BFBA5AB88" bold="true" box="[1036,1099,1650,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A709E68FB8BF98BFBA5AB88" box="[1036,1099,1650,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/ PARATYPE / Des. Agrain et al. 2016. IADIZA.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1CA3CB78A709E68FEEAF961FD00ABD0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1303593627" collectingDate="2013-12-15" collectorName="de Julio" country="Argentina" location="Original" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="San Juan" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E1988488A709E68FEEAF961FE34ABB3" box="[365,474,1688,1712]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="47A4FD638A709E68FE6FF96EFD9AABAC" box="[488,628,1686,1711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, pinned.
|
||
<location id="547D60318A709E68FD5EF96FFCD8ABAC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D90B87FC8A709E6EFF10FC3EFA6AAF63:547D60318A709E68FD5EF96FFCD8ABAC" box="[729,822,1686,1711]" country="Argentina" name="Original" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" stateProvince="San Juan">Original</location>
|
||
labels: white label (printed):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29B5767A8A709E68FBF8F96EFAC9ABAC" box="[1151,1319,1687,1711]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9366F8088A709E68FAB6F96EFA76ABAC" box="[1329,1432,1687,1711]" country="Argentina" name="San Juan" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">San Juan</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 9
|
||
<collectorName id="FC57533C8A709E68FF35F943FEE1ABD0" box="[178,271,1722,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">de Julio</collectorName>
|
||
/ (-31.650381, -68.401328)/
|
||
<date id="251C102A8A709E68FDE7F943FD00ABD0" box="[608,750,1722,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2013-12-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3558E9C28A709E68FDE7F943FD00ABD0" box="[608,750,1722,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2013-12-15">15/XII/2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.Col F. Vicchi, M. Holgado. Red label (printed):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FABDF943FF1DABF4" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FABDF943FF1DABF4" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FF7CF927FED2ABF4" bold="true" box="[251,316,1758,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A709E68FF7CF927FED2ABF4" box="[251,316,1758,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/ PARATYPE / Des. Agrain et al. 2016. IADIZA.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1CA3CB78A709E68FCFEF919FB4CAA18" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1303593628" collectingDate="2009-12-25" country="Argentina" county="Original" location="Coll" municipality="Tunuyan Vista Flores" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="7" stateProvince="Mendoza" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E1988488A709E68FCFEF919FC08ABFB" box="[889,998,1760,1784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="47A4FD638A709E68FC71F919FB6AABF4" box="[1014,1156,1758,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, pinned.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="B87C4E668A709E68FB6AF927FAA4ABF4" box="[1261,1354,1758,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Original</collectingCounty>
|
||
labels: white label (printed):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29B5767A8A709E68FE1FF8FAFDAEAA18" box="[408,576,1795,1819]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9366F8088A709E68FDC8F8FBFD58AA18" box="[591,694,1794,1819]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B179AC908A709E68FD4CF8FAFC2DAA18" box="[715,963,1794,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Tunuyan Vista Flores</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="251C102A8A709E68FC5FF8FBFB8CAA18" box="[984,1122,1794,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2009-12-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3558E9C28A709E68FC5FF8FBFB8CAA18" box="[984,1122,1794,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2009-12-25">25/XII/2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<location id="547D60318A709E68FBE9F8FBFB4CAA18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D90B87FC8A709E6EFF10FC3EFA6AAF63:547D60318A709E68FBE9F8FBFB4CAA18" box="[1134,1186,1794,1819]" country="Argentina" county="Original" municipality="Tunuyan Vista Flores" name="Coll" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" stateProvince="Mendoza">Coll</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. S. Lanati. Red label (printed):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FE80F8DFFE22AA3C" box="[263,460,1830,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FE80F8DFFE22AA3C" box="[263,460,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FE54F8DFFDFCAA3C" bold="true" box="[467,530,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A709E68FE54F8DFFDFCAA3C" box="[467,530,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/ PARATYPE / Des. Agrain et al. 2016.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1CA3CB78A709E68FC54F8D1FEEFAA84" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1303593629" collectingDate="2014-12-18" country="Argentina" location="Maipu" municipality="Original" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="44" specimenCount-female="24" specimenCount-male="20" stateProvince="Mendoza" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E1988488A709E68FC54F8D1FBAEAA43" box="[979,1088,1832,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="47A4FD638A709E68FBC9F8DEFB58AA3C" box="[1102,1206,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="male">20 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="47A4FD638A709E68FB46F8DEFAD0AA3C" box="[1217,1342,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="female">24 females</specimenCount>
|
||
, pinned.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B179AC908A709E68FF10F8B3FF1AAA60" box="[151,244,1866,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Original</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
labels: white label (printed):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29B5767A8A709E68FDB8F8B2FD09AA60" box="[575,743,1867,1891]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9366F8088A709E68FD76F8B3FCB2AA60" box="[753,860,1866,1891]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="547D60318A709E68FCE0F8B3FC5EAA60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D90B87FC8A709E6EFF10FC3EFA6AAF63:547D60318A709E68FCE0F8B3FC5EAA60" box="[871,944,1866,1891]" country="Argentina" municipality="Original" name="Maipu" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" stateProvince="Mendoza">Maipú</location>
|
||
(Barrancas)/ (-33.094652, -68.674391)/
|
||
<date id="251C102A8A709E68FAFFF8B2FEEFAA84" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2014-12-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3558E9C28A709E68FAFFF8B2FEEFAA84" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2014-12-18">18/ XII/2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Col F. Vicchi. Red label (printed):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FD2AF897FC98AA84" box="[685,886,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FD2AF897FC98AA84" box="[685,886,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FC06F897FC2BAA84" bold="true" box="[897,965,1902,1927]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A709E68FC06F897FC2BAA84" box="[897,965,1902,1927]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/ PARATYPE / Des. Agrain et al. 2016. MLPA.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1CA3CB78A709E68FF76F86AFDAAAACC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1303593630" collectingDate="2015-02-26" country="Argentina" location="Maipu" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="18" specimenCount-larva="12" specimenCount-pupa="6" stateProvince="Mendoza" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E1988488A709E68FF76F86AFEB0AAA8" box="[241,350,1939,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="47A4FD638A709E68FEE1F86AFE35AAA9" box="[358,475,1939,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="larva">12 Larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="47A4FD638A709E68FE60F86BFDACAAA9" box="[487,578,1938,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" type="pupa">6 Pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
(alcohol preserved voucher):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29B5767A8A709E68FC11F86AFBD0AAA8" box="[918,1086,1939,1963]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9366F8088A709E68FBCEF86BFB5AAAA8" box="[1097,1204,1938,1963]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="547D60318A709E68FB47F86BFAE7AAA8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D90B87FC8A709E6EFF10FC3EFA6AAF63:547D60318A709E68FB47F86BFAE7AAA8" box="[1216,1289,1938,1963]" country="Argentina" name="Maipu" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" stateProvince="Mendoza">Maipú</location>
|
||
(Barrancas)/ (-33.094652, -68.674391)/
|
||
<date id="251C102A8A709E68FE4CF84FFDAAAACC" box="[459,580,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2015-02-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3558E9C28A709E68FE4CF84FFDAAAACC" box="[459,580,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" value="2015-02-26">26/II/2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Col F. Vicchi. Red label (printed):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A709E68FC58F84FFB48AACC" box="[991,1190,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FC58F84FFB48AACC" box="[991,1190,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A709E68FB28F84FFB1EAACC" bold="true" box="[1199,1264,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A709E68FB28F84FFB1EAACC" box="[1199,1264,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="229" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/ PARATYPE / Des. Agrain et al. 2016. MLPA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="05DD66628A739E6BFF10FC62FB9EAEB2" box="[151,1136,923,945]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255632/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230" targetBox="[169,1422,183,903]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A739E6BFF10FC62FB9EAEB2" blockId="2.[151,1136,923,945]" box="[151,1136,923,945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFF10FC62FEFDAEB3" bold="true" box="[151,275,923,945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A739E6BFE9EFC62FE25AEB2" box="[281,459,923,945]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFE9EFC62FE25AEB2" box="[281,459,923,945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFE56FC62FDE4AEB3" bold="true" box="[465,522,923,944]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A739E6BFE56FC62FDE4AEB3" box="[465,522,923,944]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, adult (female): a. dorsal habitus; b. ventral habitus; c. head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="19B865618A739E6BFF40FC21FBC3AAE0" pageId="2" pageNumber="230" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A739E6BFF40FC21FBB9AEF2" blockId="2.[151,1437,984,2020]" box="[199,1111,984,1009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1CA3CB78A739E6BFF40FC21FBB9AEF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1303593631" box="[199,1111,984,1009]" country="Argentina" location="Barrancas" municipality="Maipu" pageId="2" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mendoza" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFF40FC21FE8BAEF2" bold="true" box="[199,357,984,1009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E1988488A739E6BFF40FC21FEECAEF2" box="[199,258,984,1009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29B5767A8A739E6BFEEBFC21FE30AEF2" box="[364,478,984,1009]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9366F8088A739E6BFE6EFC21FDBAAEF2" box="[489,596,984,1009]" country="Argentina" name="Mendoza" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Mendoza</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B179AC908A739E6BFDE7FC21FD42AEF2" box="[608,684,984,1009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Maipú</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="547D60318A739E6BFD30FC20FCC9AEF3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D90B87FC8A709E6EFF10FC3EFA6AAF63:547D60318A739E6BFD30FC20FCC9AEF3" box="[695,807,985,1008]" country="Argentina" municipality="Maipu" name="Barrancas" pageId="2" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="Mendoza">Barrancas</location>
|
||
(-33.094652, -68.674391).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A739E6BFF40FC05FBC3AAE0" blockId="2.[151,1437,984,2020]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFF40FC05FE9DA917" box="[199,371,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">General aspect</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFE02FC05FE2BA916" box="[389,453,1020,1045]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[169,1422,183,903]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1423,183,904]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (female): a. dorsal habitus; b. ventral habitus; c. head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255632/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
a–c) Length (average, females slightly larger):
|
||
<quantity id="965A9B0F8A739E6BFC63FC04FBC4A917" box="[996,1066,1021,1044]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="230" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width
|
||
<quantity id="965A9B0F8A739E6BFB06FC04FB28A917" box="[1153,1222,1021,1045]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="230" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, intermediate size; body elongate-oval; green/blue metallic dorsal coloration, color varies with illumination and darkens in dry or alcohol preserved specimens. Dorsum, glabrous; elytral puncturation deeper than pronotal puncturation; scutellum small, subtriangular, black; coxae and labrum brown; mandibles black; antennomeres 1–3 light brown with black apex, other antennomeres black with apical region of antennomeres 9–11 darker. Pygidium black. Coxae, trochanter metallic as venter; femora dark or light brown; tibiae anterior third dark or light brown, rest black; tarsi black.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFF66FB2DFEC8A9EE" box="[225,294,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFEB3FB2DFE9DA9EE" box="[308,371,1236,1261]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[169,1422,183,903]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1423,183,904]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (female): a. dorsal habitus; b. ventral habitus; c. head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255632/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
c), surface densely punctured, size smaller than pronotal puncturation; inter-ocular space wider than half width of head; eyes ovoid, with internal side faintly emarginate; clypeus slightly concave with anterior carina; labrum smooth, anterior margin strongly emarginate; mandibles compact, right tooth larger, both teeth with median denticulate area, bearing much longer and sharp tooth on each extreme. Antennae filiform, slender, gradually expanded from base to apex; pedicel curved; antennomeres 1–5 tubular; antennomere 6 conspicuously wider (1.8x than 5th, at apex); antennomere 6–11 slightly larger, wider at apex; last antennomere with thin apical lobe.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFF50FA56FEDEA8CB" box="[215,304,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFEC7FA56FE6EA8CB" box="[320,384,1455,1480]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[169,1422,183,903]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1423,183,904]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (female): a. dorsal habitus; b. ventral habitus; c. head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255632/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b), prothorax trapezoidal,
|
||
<date id="251C102A8A739E6BFD40FA56FD0DA8C4" box="[711,739,1455,1479]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">2x</date>
|
||
wider than long, each corner with small tooth, widest below middle; all margins regular, curved, with interrupted puncturation; surface densely punctate, smaller at sides. Prosternum sub-rectangular, longer than wide, laterally excavated near coxae.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFB9EFA0EFB89AB13" box="[1049,1127,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Elytra.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFBF0FA0EFB57AB0C" box="[1143,1209,1527,1552]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[169,1422,183,903]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1423,183,904]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (female): a. dorsal habitus; b. ventral habitus; c. head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255632/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
a), scutellum small, subtriangular, with apex not pronounced; elytral base wider than prothorax, nearly
|
||
<date id="251C102A8A739E6BFBE6F9E2FB93AB30" box="[1121,1149,1563,1587]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">3x</date>
|
||
the length of prothorax; elytral puncturation sub-regular, smaller at apex and external margin, all margins with puncturation interrupted; humeral callus conspicuous, smooth with interrupted puncturation: epipleura smooth.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFB1CF99AFACEAB78" box="[1179,1312,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Hind wing.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFAB2F99AFA6EAB78" box="[1333,1408,1635,1660]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[172,1410,210,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (diagnostic characters): a. hind wing venation; b. ovipositor and pygidium in dorsal view; c. spermathecal capsule; d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255633/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
a), venation as typically in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A739E6BFE37F97EFDD4ABA3" box="[432,570,1671,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eumolpinae">Eumolpinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with two cubital cells, 1Cuc and 2Cuc.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFB9EF97EFB62ABA3" box="[1049,1164,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Pygidium.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFB19F97EFB0AABA3" box="[1182,1252,1671,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[172,1410,210,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (diagnostic characters): a. hind wing venation; b. ovipositor and pygidium in dorsal view; c. spermathecal capsule; d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255633/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
b) concealed by elytra, external margin rounded, with conspicuous median longitudinal groove, tegument brighter and markedly punctured, external margins opaque with puncturation less marked; with small setae on its external margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFAE7F929FA73ABE4" box="[1376,1437,1744,1767]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFF18F90AFF33AA0F" box="[159,221,1779,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[169,1422,183,903]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1423,183,904]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (female): a. dorsal habitus; b. ventral habitus; c. head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255632/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b), all pro-tarsomeres same length as two following tarsomeres combined; claws appendiculate.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFAACF90AFA73AA0F" box="[1323,1437,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFF18F8EEFF0EAA33" box="[159,224,1815,1840]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,923,945]" captionTargetBox="[169,1422,183,903]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1423,183,904]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (female): a. dorsal habitus; b. ventral habitus; c. head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255632/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
b), metallic, without secondary sexual structures on ventrites.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFC20F8EEFB80AA33" box="[935,1134,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Ovipositor (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFB78F8EEFAAAAA33" box="[1279,1348,1815,1840]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[172,1410,210,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (diagnostic characters): a. hind wing venation; b. ovipositor and pygidium in dorsal view; c. spermathecal capsule; d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255633/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
b), long (telescopic), almost
|
||
<date id="251C102A8A739E6BFEFDF8C2FE78AA57" box="[378,406,1851,1876]" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">5x</date>
|
||
longer than wide, with well-developed styli. Coxites with narrow elongate sclerotization at base. Spermathecal capsule (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFE5EF8A6FDF2AA74" box="[473,540,1887,1912]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[172,1410,210,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (diagnostic characters): a. hind wing venation; b. ovipositor and pygidium in dorsal view; c. spermathecal capsule; d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255633/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
c) U-shaped, with arms very closely joined, distal part wider than proximal part.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A739E6BFF10F87AFEADAA9F" box="[151,323,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Aedeagus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A739E6BFE4EF87AFDE2AA9F" box="[457,524,1923,1948]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[172,1410,210,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Colaspis caligula n. sp., adult (diagnostic characters): a. hind wing venation; b. ovipositor and pygidium in dorsal view; c. spermathecal capsule; d. aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255633/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="230">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
d) long and broad; sclerotized portion of median lobe (aedeagus proper) strongly curved (90º) in lateral view, conspicuously wider near base before curvature; apex of median lobe with round tip. Non-sclerotized portion of median lobe (basal hood) longer than aedeagus proper.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="05DD66628A729E6AFF10F8BEFDBEAA7F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255633/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="231" targetBox="[172,1410,210,1821]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A729E6AFF10F8BEFDBEAA7F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1863,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="231">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A729E6AFF10F8BEFEFCAA5F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1863,1885]" pageId="3" pageNumber="231">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A729E6AFE9EF8BEFE24AA5E" box="[281,458,1863,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A729E6AFE9EF8BEFE24AA5E" box="[281,458,1863,1885]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="231">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A729E6AFE56F8BEFDE4AA5F" bold="true" box="[465,522,1863,1884]" pageId="3" pageNumber="231">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A729E6AFE56F8BEFDE4AA5F" box="[465,522,1863,1884]" pageId="3" pageNumber="231" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, adult (diagnostic characters): a. hind wing venation; b. ovipositor and pygidium in dorsal view; c. spermathecal capsule; d. aedeagus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="05DD66628A759E6DFF10FA8EFB91A88E" box="[151,1151,1399,1421]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255634/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" targetBox="[164,1425,204,1366]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A759E6DFF10FA8EFB91A88E" blockId="4.[151,1151,1399,1421]" box="[151,1151,1399,1421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFF10FA8EFEFCA88F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1399,1421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A759E6DFE9EFA8EFE25A88E" box="[281,459,1399,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFE9EFA8EFE25A88E" box="[281,459,1399,1421]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFE56FA8EFDE4A88F" bold="true" box="[465,522,1399,1420]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A759E6DFE56FA8EFDE4A88F" box="[465,522,1399,1420]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, mature larva: a. habitus, lateral view; b. habitus, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="19B865618A759E6CFF40FA4DFD8DAAE9" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A759E6DFF40FA4DFC7CABA6" blockId="4.[151,1437,1460,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFF40FA4DFE50A8CE" bold="true" box="[199,446,1460,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A759E6DFE41FA4DFD63A8CE" box="[454,653,1460,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFE41FA4DFD63A8CE" box="[454,653,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFD12FA4DFD3BA8CE" bold="true" box="[661,725,1460,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A759E6DFD12FA4DFD3BA8CE" box="[661,725,1460,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is similar to those species included by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35334B1B8A759E6DFB10FA4DFAA2A8CE" author="Bechyne" box="[1175,1356,1460,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" refString="Bechyne, J. (1949) Liste provisoire des Eumolpides de la Republique Argentine et observations diverses sur les Eumolpides de l'Amerique du Sud. (Col. Chrysomeloidea). Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 8, 457 - 535." type="journal article" year="1949">Bechyné (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
within the “Bridarolli” species group. The latter group is characterized by the metallic coloration of dorsum, and testaceous legs; the prothorax is wide and sharply angled with dense puncturation; additionally, the elytra are not carinate, and without postbasal impressions. Within this group, it resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A759E6DFC7BF9D8FB1AAB3A" authority="Bechyne" authorityName="Bechyne" box="[1020,1268,1568,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="achardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFC7BF9D8FB9AAB3A" box="[1020,1140,1568,1593]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">C. achardi</emphasis>
|
||
(Bechyné)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from which it can be separated because in the species described herein male and female do not differ markedly in size and do not have denticles on the prothorax. Finally, the new species also differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A759E6DFC5EF990FB59AB82" authority="Bechyne" authorityName="Bechyne" box="[985,1207,1640,1665]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="willinki">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFC5EF990FBA0AB82" box="[985,1102,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">C. willinki</emphasis>
|
||
Bechyné
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A759E6DFB6AF990FF12ABA6" authority="Bechyne" authorityName="Bechyne" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scientillifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFB6AF990FA75AB82" box="[1261,1435,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">C. scientillifera</emphasis>
|
||
Bechyné
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have brighter elytra with more coarse puncturation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A759E6DFF40F949FC49ABCB" blockId="4.[151,1437,1460,2025]" box="[199,935,1711,1737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFF40F949FEB0ABCB" bold="true" box="[199,350,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">Mature larva</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A759E6DFEEAF949FE3AABCB" box="[365,468,1712,1737]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1399,1421]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1425,204,1366]" captionTargetBox-1="[155,1429,829,1545]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1377]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[150,1436,819,1559]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Colaspis caligula n. sp., mature larva: a. habitus, lateral view; b. habitus, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Colaspis caligula n. sp., mature larva: a. head, frontal view; b. head, lateral view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/255634/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/255635/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">Figs 3–4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length
|
||
<quantity id="965A9B0F8A759E6DFDB9F949FD29ABCB" box="[574,711,1712,1737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" unit="mm" value="4.65" valueMax="5.6" valueMin="3.7">3.7–5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="965A9B0F8A759E6DFCCCF949FC4DABCB" box="[843,931,1712,1736]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="232" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A759E6CFF40F92DFBCCAE16" blockId="4.[151,1437,1460,2025]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFF40F92DFE9BABEF" box="[199,373,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">General aspect</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A759E6DFE0EF92DFE20ABEE" box="[393,462,1748,1773]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[164,1425,204,1366]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1377]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Colaspis caligula n. sp., mature larva: a. habitus, lateral view; b. habitus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255634/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b). Body weakly convex, bright yellow (turning whitish in alcohol preservation). Head capsule light brown; mandibles dark brown. Microsculpture of body granulate.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A759E6DFB46F901FB10AA12" box="[1217,1278,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A759E6DFA90F901FA8AAA12" box="[1303,1380,1784,1809]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,829,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1436,819,1559]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Colaspis caligula n. sp., mature larva: a. head, frontal view; b. head, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255635/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b). Hypognathous, rounded, slightly sclerotized; epicranial suture distinct, Y-shaped, well developed, extending less than half length of head, frontal arms pale, distinct throughout, divergent and curved; endocarina slightly marked; epicranial plates bearing three large setae along epicranial suture on each side, and other two pairs next to antennae; frons bearing three pairs of setae on disc, two pairs long and other four short setae arranged in a longitudinal row near clypeus. Antennae short, 3-segmented, segment 1 transverse bearing three setae, segment 3 with conical sensory appendage at base. Clypeus transverse, wide, bearing long seta on each lateral margin. Labrum transverse, apical margin bearing six large setae on each side. Mandibles short, sclerotized at apex, with blunt tooth at apex, two long mandibular setae inserted dorso-laterally. Maxillae with cardo subtriangular, bearing two setae at outer side, stipes quadrate, with two short outer setae, mola elongated with six thick setae on distal margin and other three at apex; maxillary palpi with palpiger bearing two long setae, segment II with long and short setae, segment III conical and thin, with short seta at base: labium slightly sclerotized, widened at base, with two pairs of long filiform sub-mental setae; pre-mentum broad, with two pairs of short setae; labial palpi 3-segmented, short.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A749E6CFF10FE96FF06AC8B" box="[151,232,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotum transverse, with long setae on minute tubercles, located on disc: two pairs on anterior margin, two near each angle, three pairs of setae next to the posterior margin, the two central pairs longer than the lateral ones; epipleural area bearing two setae, small pre-hypopleural area bearing one seta. Meso-and metathorax wider than prothorax, each bearing two pairs of setae arranged along mid-line and two setae on each exterior scutoscutellar area. Meso-and metapleura each with alar tubercle bearing three setae and anterior epipleural tubercle bearing two setae. Pro-meso-and metasterna with two medial setae. Spiracle annuliform displaced into mesothoracic region. Legs 5-segmented, third pair slightly larger; coxa trapezoidal bearing three long setae; trochanter triangular, with two setae; femur sub-rectangular bearing six long setae; tibia bearing 5–6 setae. Tarsungulus thin, moderately curved, with single basal seta.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A749E6CFCB8FD76FC47AFAB" box="[831,937,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segments I–VIII with two pairs of dorsal setae; posterior parascutal area bearing one seta; epipleural and hypopleural area each bearing two setae; eusternal area of segments I–VII with numerous setae on apical margin; segment VIII with four pairs of long, filiform setae; segment IX forming fleshy pygopod. Spiracles I–VIII annuliform.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="05DD66628A749E6CFF10F9D5FBBCAB41" box="[151,1106,1580,1602]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255635/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="233" targetBox="[155,1429,829,1545]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A749E6CFF10F9D5FBBCAB41" blockId="5.[151,1106,1580,1602]" box="[151,1106,1580,1602]" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A749E6CFF10F9D5FEFCAB42" bold="true" box="[151,274,1580,1602]" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A749E6CFE9EF9D5FE25AB41" box="[281,459,1580,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A749E6CFE9EF9D5FE25AB41" box="[281,459,1580,1602]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A749E6CFE56F9D5FDE4AB42" bold="true" box="[465,522,1580,1601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A749E6CFE56F9D5FDE4AB42" box="[465,522,1580,1601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="233" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, mature larva: a. head, frontal view; b. head, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A749E6CFF40F990FD8DAAE9" blockId="5.[151,1436,1641,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A749E6CFF40F990FEEAAB83" bold="true" box="[199,260,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9992A6F8A749E6CFE92F990FEB5AB81" box="[277,347,1641,1666]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,204,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Colaspis caligula n. sp., pupa: dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255636/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length
|
||
<quantity id="965A9B0F8A749E6CFE4CF990FDB8AB82" box="[459,598,1641,1665]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="233" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.4">3.4–4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="965A9B0F8A749E6CFD2BF990FCD6AB82" box="[684,824,1641,1666]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="233" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A749E6CFCC2F990FC1CAB82" box="[837,1010,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="233">General aspect</emphasis>
|
||
. Color of body creamy white, claws, apex of mandibles and antennae dark brown. Head deflexed, not visible from above, rounded, with two pairs of setae on vertex, one seta above inner margin of eye, two setae between antennae, one subantennal, and one pair of frontal setae. Mouthparts well developed. Pronotum with two pairs of setae on anterior margin, two pairs on anterior part of disc, three pairs on posterior part of disc and five setae situated on each lateral margin; one pair of rounded spiracles. Mesothorax with setae arranged in two rows: one pair of anterior setae and two pairs of posterior setae; metathorax with three pairs of setae on disc. Podothecae with two femoral setae on apex and one long, thick seta next to distal margin of tibiae; claws simple. Abdominal segments I–VII transverse, each with two pairs of median setae and one pair of pleural setae. Abdominal segment VIII reduced with two pairs of short lateral setae; abdominal segment IX with urogomphi almost straight, two pairs of setae at base, two pairs of lateral setae ventrally, and two shorter setae medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="05DD66628A779E6FFF10F8AFFD3EAA6F" box="[151,720,1878,1900]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255636/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="234" targetBox="[172,1414,204,1842]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A779E6FFF10F8AFFD3EAA6F" blockId="6.[151,720,1878,1900]" box="[151,720,1878,1900]" pageId="6" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A779E6FFF10F8AFFEFCAA6F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1878,1900]" pageId="6" pageNumber="234">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A779E6FFE9EF8AFFE25AA6F" box="[281,459,1878,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A779E6FFE9EF8AFFE25AA6F" box="[281,459,1878,1900]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="234">Colaspis caligula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A779E6FFE56F8AEFDE4AA6F" bold="true" box="[465,522,1879,1900]" pageId="6" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78E557838A779E6FFE56F8AEFDE4AA6F" box="[465,522,1879,1900]" pageId="6" pageNumber="234" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, pupa: dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="19B865618A779E6EFF40F860FA6AAF63" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="6" pageNumber="234" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="511D36EA8A779E6EFF40F860FA6AAF63" blockId="6.[151,1436,1945,2005]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="6" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A779E6FFF40F860FE2EAAB1" bold="true" box="[199,448,1945,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="234">Remarks on biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96A24D698A779E6FFD78F860FC8FAAB1" box="[767,865,1945,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Colaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63D6EAF88A779E6FFD78F860FC8FAAB1" box="[767,865,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="234">Colaspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species seems to complete an univoltine life cycle (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35334B1B8A779E6FFF66F845FE6EAAD6" author="Lindsay" box="[225,384,1980,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="234" refString="Lindsay, D. R. (1943) The biology and morphology of Colaspis flavida (Say). Ph. D. Dissertation. Department of Zoology and Entomology. Iowa State College, Ames, 108 pp." type="book" year="1943">Lindsay 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The larva feeds primarily on the lateral roots, and overwinters underground, becomes active early in the spring (September/October), and starts feeding on the roots of the host plant. Later (November/ December), the larvae pupate (
|
||
<quantity id="965A9B0F8A769E6EFE7FFF45FDA0ADD7" box="[504,590,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="235" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6 cm</quantity>
|
||
below the soil surface). Adults emerge 5–10 days later. The adults of the new species herein described were collected from November until March. Adults can live for over a month feeding on young leaves perforating irregular holes into the leaf surface; less often they also consume young shoots and petioles, and although the damage caused by the adults does not seem to be significant, it could become problematic in young vine plantations. The oviposition process last for about 40 minutes, the female introduces the ovipositor into a crack in the sand, the ovipositor movements facilitates its insertion. The eggs are smooth, ovate, yellowish, and about 0.6 x
|
||
<quantity id="965A9B0F8A769E6EFE51FE6DFDD3ACAF" box="[470,573,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="235" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, they are covered with a translucent secretion that clusters them together in masses (about 62 on each mass). The larvae hatch between 3–5 days later; recently hatched larvae are yellowish like the eggs, but rapidly the bodies become whitish while the head and the thoracic sclerites gradually darken during their development. The larvae are the ones causing the greatest damage to the plants, feeding on the roots, therefore, causing the reduction of water and nutrient absorption. Especially the third instar larvae, which are able to produce cavities and longitudinal grooves on the roots making them likely more vulnerable to pathogens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |