334 lines
29 KiB
XML
334 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.26879/891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3990295" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ACCE57D9-7CDD-49F8-ADAF-8E2674E9124A" approvalRequired="202" approvalRequired_for_document="2" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="175" approvalRequired_for_treatments="23" checkinTime="1597772865363" checkinUser="torsten" docAuthor="Dale E. Greenwalt, Daniel J. Bickel, Peter H. Kerr, Gregory R. Curler, Brian V. Brown, Herman de Jong, Scott J. Fitzgerald, Torsten Dikow, Michal Tkoč, Christian Kehlmaier & Dalton De Souza Amorim" docDate="2019" docId="571F246BFFB1FF921217FE17AC88C7C4" docLanguage="en" docName="greenwalt_etal_2019.imf" docOrigin="Paleontologia Electronica 22 (2), No. 50" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Salishomyia eocenica Dale E. Greenwalt & Daniel J. Bickel & Peter H. Kerr & Gregory R. Curler & Brian V. Brown & Herman de Jong & Scott J. Fitzgerald & Torsten Dikow & Michal Tkoč & Christian Kehlmaier & Dalton De Souza Amorim 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="ACCE57D9-7CDD-49F8-ADAF-8E2674E9124A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="AB265C13FFAEFFB21318FF0FAF31C65B" masterDocTitle="Diptera of the middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation. I. Documenting of diversity at the family level" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1636465287172" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Diptera of the middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation. I. Documenting of diversity at the family level</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dale E. Greenwalt</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Daniel J. Bickel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Peter H. Kerr</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gregory R. Curler</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brian V. Brown</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Herman de Jong</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scott J. Fitzgerald</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Torsten Dikow</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">F8869067-4618-4CCE-960C-E8A107F162FB</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-4816-2909</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Michal Tkoč</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Christian Kehlmaier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dalton De Souza Amorim</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Paleontologia Electronica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="numero">
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<mods:number>50</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>56</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.26879/891</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3990295</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A6C79E56-3CCC-484E-B6AF-EAEEE1695FF6</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ACCE57D9-7CDD-49F8-ADAF-8E2674E9124A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/571F246BFFB1FF921217FE17AC88C7C4" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection box="[271,714,280,306]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,795,169,449]" box="[271,714,280,306]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName authority="Bickel" authorityName="Dale E. Greenwalt & Daniel J. Bickel & Peter H. Kerr & Gregory R. Curler & Brian V. Brown & Herman de Jong & Scott J. Fitzgerald & Torsten Dikow & Michal Tkoč & Christian Kehlmaier & Dalton De Souza Amorim" authorityYear="2019" box="[271,611,280,306]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Salishomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eocenica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[271,529,280,306]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Salishomyia eocenica</emphasis>
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Bickel
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[622,714,280,305]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,795,169,449]" box="[436,549,312,337]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<figureCitation box="[436,549,312,337]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="30.[840,931,1138,1161]" captionTargetBox="[842,1436,162,1120]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[842,1436,162,1120]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 27. Salishomyia eocenica sp. nov., USNM 622501. 1, Habitus; 2, Right wing. Scale bars equal 1.0 mm (1) and 0.5 mm (2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3990349" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3990349/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 27</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,795,169,449]" box="[192,780,355,375]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,780,355,375]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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zoobank.org/
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<uuid box="[327,780,355,375]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ACCE57D9-7CDD-49F8-ADAF-8E2674E9124A</uuid>
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</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,795,169,449]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,334,392,417]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The specific epithet refers to this species’ occurrence in the Eocene period.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,339,472,497]" box="[192,339,472,497]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading bold="true" box="[192,339,472,497]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,339,472,497]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,793,520,1914]" box="[250,731,520,545]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Male, body length:
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<quantity box="[475,563,520,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
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(Figure 27.1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,793,520,1914]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,264,552,577]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Head.</emphasis>
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Ovate in lateral view; dorsal postcranium concave and appearing to partially enclose anterior mesonotum; palp with short apical seta; proboscis short, subrectangular; antenna short; postpedicel subrectangular and rounded (possibly reniform) with apical arista; arista threadlike and shorter than head height.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,793,520,1914]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,288,776,801]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Dark brown to black; dorsal setae (probably dorsocentral setae) evident; posterior mesononotum distinctly flattened, scutellum with distinct lateral and median setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,793,520,1914]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,247,904,929]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Leg.</emphasis>
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Coxa I apparently infuscated basally, with coxae II and III yellowish; remainder of legs apparently yellow, with little evident setation and no indication of anterior preapical setae on femora II and III; [relative lengths of podomeres are representative ratios, not measurements and given in the following formula and punctuation for each leg: femur; tibia; tarsomere 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ 5]; leg I: 3.7; 3.6, distal podomeres obscured; leg II: all podomeres obscured; leg III: 4.0; 3.4; 1.0/ 1.2/ 0.6/ 0.4/ 0.4.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,793,520,1914]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,264,1224,1249]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Wing.</emphasis>
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Length and width, 1.4 and
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<quantity box="[605,697,1224,1249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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(Figure 27.2); hyaline, C reaches wing apex, joining vein M; R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[253,290,1299,1319]" fontSize="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">2+3</subScript>
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joining costa at 5/6 distance from base; R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[211,247,1335,1355]" fontSize="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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4+
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<quantity box="[235,278,1325,1355]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
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</subScript>
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gentle anterior arc and joining costa just anterior to wing apex; M basally diverging from R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[211,254,1404,1424]" fontSize="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4+5,</subScript>
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and at midlength with gentle bend to arch towards R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[313,349,1441,1461]" fontSize="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4+5</subScript>
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with the two veins becoming subparallel in distal sixth of wing, and M joining margin at apex; crossvein dm-m positioned basally, with ratio of length of dm-m crossvein/distal section M
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<subScript attach="left" box="[707,719,1542,1562]" fontSize="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4</subScript>
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= 0.3; lower calypter and halter not visible.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,793,520,1914]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,322,1601,1626]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Abdomen.</emphasis>
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Tergites with only short setation, without long marginal setae; tergite one short and adjacent to metapostnotum; tergites two to five each well-developed, with corresponding sternite; tergite six prominent; hypopygium spheroidal with short digitiform surstylus; cercus subtriangular; hypandrium (or phallus?) curved and projecting beyond hypopygium near sternite 5.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,793,520,1914]" box="[192,523,1857,1882]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,304,1857,1882]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<typeStatus box="[192,300,1857,1882]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Allotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Female unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="31.[192,793,520,1914]" box="[192,508,1888,1914]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,429,1888,1914]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Syncompressions.</emphasis>
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None.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[840,953,169,194]" box="[840,953,169,194]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading bold="true" box="[840,953,169,194]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,953,169,194]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[840,1442,216,1856]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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The family
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[1041,1225,217,242]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dolichopodidae</taxonomicName>
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comprises some 7,300 species in 230 genera in the recent fauna. It is often rich and abundant in Tertiary amber deposits, a result of their use of tree trunks for both feeding and mating, thereby increasing their chance of becoming entrapped by resin flows. Dolichopodids are also numerous in marine and lacustrine littoral habitats and correspondingly are known as compression fossils from a number of fine-grained lacustrine deposits. The new genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bickel" authorityYear="2019" box="[1296,1440,504,530]" class="Insecta" family="Cylindrotomidae" genus="Salishomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1296,1440,504,530]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Salishomyia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Kishenehn Formation clearly belongs to the dolichopodid subfamily
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<taxonomicName box="[1165,1318,569,594]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Medeterinae">Medeterinae</taxonomicName>
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, based on the following characters: antenna short; postpedicel subrectangular and rounded (possibly reniform) with apical arista, dorsal postcranium concave; posterior mesonotum apparently flattened; legs without strong setation, femora II and III without preapical setae, hypopygium large and external, not enclosed by anterior postabdominal segments.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bickel" authorityYear="2019" box="[840,984,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Cylindrotomidae" genus="Salishomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[840,984,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Salishomyia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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appears to have a classical
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fischer von Waldheim" authorityYear="1819" box="[1319,1432,825,850]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Medetera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1319,1432,825,850]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Medetera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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- like venation, with vein M basally diverging from R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[859,902,899,919]" fontSize="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4+5,</subScript>
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and at midlength bending gently to arch forward towards vein R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1081,1125,936,956]" fontSize="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4+5.</subScript>
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However, in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fischer von Waldheim" authorityYear="1819" box="[1276,1388,925,950]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Medetera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1276,1388,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Medetera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the dm-m crossvein connects M
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1172,1184,973,993]" fontSize="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4</subScript>
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with M at the bend in vein M, while in
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<emphasis box="[1037,1188,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bickel" authorityYear="2019" box="[1037,1184,999,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Cylindrotomidae" genus="Salishomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Salishomyia</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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the dm-cu crossvein is positioned basad of the vein M bend, and the wing is broader. This wing character is diagnostic for
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<emphasis box="[879,1030,1095,1121]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bickel" authorityYear="2019" box="[879,1027,1095,1121]" class="Insecta" family="Cylindrotomidae" genus="Salishomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Salishomyia</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="31.[840,1442,216,1856]" lastBlockId="32.[192,793,166,709]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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The Kishenehn Formation dolichopodid fauna, as of 2017, consists of
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<specimenCount box="[1126,1298,1159,1184]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">78 specimens</specimenCount>
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. Other than
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dale E. Greenwalt & Daniel J. Bickel & Peter H. Kerr & Gregory R. Curler & Brian V. Brown & Herman de Jong & Scott J. Fitzgerald & Torsten Dikow & Michal Tkoč & Christian Kehlmaier & Dalton De Souza Amorim" authorityYear="2019" box="[840,1109,1191,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Cylindrotomidae" genus="Salishomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eocenica">
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<emphasis box="[840,1109,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Salishomyia eocenica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 30 additional specimens are of potential interest. Among these are two species in a genus near
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<taxonomicName authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[1096,1326,1255,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1096,1253,1255,1280]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hercostomus</emphasis>
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Loew
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</taxonomicName>
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(possibly
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<taxonomicName authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[840,1095,1287,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Gymnopternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[840,1015,1287,1313]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Gymnopternus</emphasis>
|
||
Loew
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), one with six males (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1359,1440,1287,1313]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
621409, 622506, 622656, 625273, 625526 and 626174) and the other with one male (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1359,1440,1351,1377]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
621182) and two females (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1191,1272,1383,1409]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
622026 and 624021) of uncertain specific association. The two species can be separated by the shape of surstyli projecting from the hypopygium.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[1227,1384,1479,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1227,1384,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hercostomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
acts as a cosmopolitan “holding genus” for many described species and remains poorly defined and is undoubtedly a polyphyletic assemblage (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brooks, S. E." journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 158" part="857" refId="ref34762" refString="Brooks, S. E. 2005. Systematics and phylogeny of Dolichopodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa, 857: 1 - 158." title="Systematics and phylogeny of Dolichopodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)" type="journal article" year="2005">Brooks, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although additional work is needed to resolve the phylogenetic relationships of this complex cosmopolitan genus, it is important to note the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[990,1147,1703,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[990,1147,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hercostomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like species in the Kishenehn formation to demonstrate regional historicalbiogeographical relationships. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Gymnopternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Gymnopternus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[1203,1360,1799,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1203,1360,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hercostomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Gymnopternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Gymnopternus lacustris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from the Miocene Florissant beds of
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[575,683,166,192]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bickel, D. J." journalOrPublisher="Psyche" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="169 - 172" part="102" refId="ref34277" refString="Bickel, D. J. 1995. A fossil Gymnopternus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Florissant beds, Colorado. Psyche, 102: 169 - 172. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1995 / 18952" title="A fossil Gymnopternus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from the Florissant beds, Colorado" type="journal article" year="1995">Bickel, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[192,793,166,709]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
There are a number of additional specimens that are of interest but lack critical morphological detail. These include: 1) a species with some similarities to the recent genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[524,745,326,352]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[524,672,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Chrysotimus</emphasis>
|
||
Loew
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but with a slighter build and an enlarged hypopygium (
|
||
<specimenCount box="[199,387,390,415]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="generic">12 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, both males [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[591,672,390,416]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
620106, 620817, 621111, 622587 and 623229] and females [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[197,278,454,480]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
621246, 621939, 623788, 623828, 624434, 712964 and 712965]), 2) a species where veins R
|
||
<subScript attach="left" box="[280,317,529,549]" fontSize="8" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">4+5</subScript>
|
||
and M bowed with respect to each other beyond the dm-m crossvein (three females [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[711,791,555,581]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
609598, 624638 and 712963] and one male [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[197,278,619,645]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
620605]), 3) a species with similar venation to “
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Meunier" authorityName="Meunier" box="[235,583,651,677]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molestus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[235,474,651,677]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Chrysotus molestus</emphasis>
|
||
Meunier
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (which is not in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1824" box="[330,450,683,709]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[330,450,683,709]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Chrysotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from Baltic amber, with a
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[840,1441,166,1135]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
wide wing and vein M ending well behind the wing apex (two females [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1088,1169,198,224]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
620633 and 620464] and a possible male [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1089,1170,230,256]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
620994]), 4) a species possibly near the abundant Baltic amber genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Meunier" authorityName="Meunier" box="[840,1169,294,319]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Palaeomedeterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[840,1049,294,319]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Palaeomedeterus</emphasis>
|
||
Meunier
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(one male [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1359,1440,294,320]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
624586]), and 5) a species appearing similar to the recent genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Meigen" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1803" box="[1003,1220,358,383]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Rhaphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1003,1124,358,383]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhaphium</emphasis>
|
||
Meigen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(one male [
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1359,1440,358,384]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
620398]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |