378 lines
29 KiB
XML
378 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.26879/891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3990295" approvalRequired="202" approvalRequired_for_document="2" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="175" approvalRequired_for_treatments="23" checkinTime="1597772865363" checkinUser="torsten" docAuthor="Dale E. Greenwalt, Daniel J. Bickel, Peter H. Kerr, Gregory R. Curler, Brian V. Brown, Herman de Jong, Scott J. Fitzgerald, Torsten Dikow, Michal Tkoč, Christian Kehlmaier & Dalton De Souza Amorim" docDate="2019" docId="571F246BFFA9FFBA13C0FBF7AC30C2EA" docLanguage="en" docName="greenwalt_etal_2019.imf" docOrigin="Paleontologia Electronica 22 (2), No. 50" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Ellipteroides (Ellipteroides) kishenehn Dale E. Greenwalt & Daniel J. Bickel & Peter H. Kerr & Gregory R. Curler & Brian V. Brown & Herman de Jong & Scott J. Fitzgerald & Torsten Dikow & Michal Tkoč & Christian Kehlmaier & Dalton De Souza Amorim 2019" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="AB265C13FFAEFFB21318FF0FAF31C65B" masterDocTitle="Diptera of the middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation. I. Documenting of diversity at the family level" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1636465287172" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Diptera of the middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation. I. Documenting of diversity at the family level</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dale E. Greenwalt</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Daniel J. Bickel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Peter H. Kerr</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gregory R. Curler</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brian V. Brown</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Herman de Jong</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scott J. Fitzgerald</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Torsten Dikow</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">F8869067-4618-4CCE-960C-E8A107F162FB</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-4816-2909</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Michal Tkoč</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Christian Kehlmaier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dalton De Souza Amorim</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Paleontologia Electronica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="numero">
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<mods:number>50</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>56</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.26879/891</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3990295</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A6C79E56-3CCC-484E-B6AF-EAEEE1695FF6</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:571F246BFFA9FFBA13C0FBF7AC30C2EA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/571F246BFFA9FFBA13C0FBF7AC30C2EA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[192,792,1272,1900]" box="[216,776,1272,1297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName authority="De Jong" authorityName="Dale E. Greenwalt & Daniel J. Bickel & Peter H. Kerr & Gregory R. Curler & Brian V. Brown & Herman de Jong & Scott J. Fitzgerald & Torsten Dikow & Michal Tkoč & Christian Kehlmaier & Dalton De Souza Amorim" authorityYear="2019" box="[216,772,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kishenehn" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Ellipteroides">
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<emphasis box="[216,660,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ellipteroides (Ellipteroides) kishenehn</emphasis>
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De Jong
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[192,792,1272,1900]" box="[446,539,1304,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">sp. nov.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[192,792,1272,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<figureCitation box="[443,541,1336,1361]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[200,291,1080,1103]" captionTargetBox="[196,791,166,1059]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[196,791,166,1059]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ellipteroides (Ellipteroides) kishenehn sp. nov., USNM 621123. 1, Habitus; 2, Left wing; 3, Line drawing of left wing; 4, Antennae and palpus. Arrow points to palpus. Scale bars equal 2.0 mm (1), 1.0 mm (2) and 0.5 mm (3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3990303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3990303/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,772,1379,1399]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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zoobank.org/
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<uuid box="[328,772,1379,1399]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">8BD7F94B-69ED-43DE-8792-F2AA9196DFC3</uuid>
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,334,1416,1441]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The specific epithet is regarded here to be a noun in apposition to the genus name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1907" box="[192,337,1480,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[192,337,1480,1505]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which is masculine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Kishenehn Formation" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[192,792,1272,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="NMNH" country="United States of America" county="Smithsonian Institution" location="Department of Paleobiology" municipality="National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="USNM 621123" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Washington" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,313,1512,1537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<typeStatus box="[192,309,1512,1537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode box="[321,497,1512,1538]" collectionCode="USNM" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">
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<collectionCode box="[321,399,1512,1538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">USNM</collectionCode>
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621123
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</specimenCode>
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, deposited in the
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:571F246BFFA9FFBA13C0FBF7AC30C2EA:DA69C3A6FFA9FFB511D8FAE7AE8FC07A" country="United States of America" county="Smithsonian Institution" municipality="National Museum of Natural History" name="Department of Paleobiology" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Washington">Department of Paleobiology</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality pageId="7" pageNumber="8">National Museum of Natural History</collectingMunicipality>
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(NMNH),
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<collectingCounty box="[396,669,1576,1602]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Smithsonian Institution</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Washington</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[244,479,1608,1634]" country="United States of America" name="District of Columbia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">District of Columbia</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[490,549,1608,1634]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[192,792,1272,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,368,1640,1665]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type horizon.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation location="Middle Eocene Coal Creek" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kishenehn Formation">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:571F246BFFA9FFBA13C0FBF7AC30C2EA:DA69C3A6FFA9FFB51264F967ADF9C0D9" box="[380,712,1640,1666]" name="Middle Eocene Coal Creek" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Kishenehn Formation">Middle Eocene Coal Creek</location>
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Member,
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<collectingRegion box="[244,501,1672,1697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Kishenehn Formation</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[192,792,1272,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,361,1704,1729]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type locality.</emphasis>
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Park site, Middle Fork of the Flathead River (Pinnacle,
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<collectingRegion box="[454,562,1736,1761]" country="United States of America" name="Montana" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Montana</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[572,633,1736,1762]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</materialsCitation>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[192,792,1272,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,472,1768,1793]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This species of the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1907" box="[192,337,1800,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[192,337,1800,1825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished by the length of vein Sc, absence of vein R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[449,461,1843,1863]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
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, wide cell r
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<subScript attach="left" box="[592,604,1843,1863]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3</subScript>
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, absence of the discal cell and the shape of cell m
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<subScript attach="left" box="[590,602,1880,1900]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[840,987,169,194]" box="[840,987,169,194]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading bold="true" box="[840,987,169,194]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,987,169,194]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[840,1441,217,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Adult male (Figure 4.1), body length about 5.0 mm, wing length about
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<quantity box="[1143,1243,249,274]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="5.1">5.1 mm</quantity>
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. Specimen preserved in dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[840,1441,217,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,912,313,338]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Head.</emphasis>
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Head round. Eyes large covering most of sides of head, widely separated medially. Rostrum hardly visible but by inference very short. Antenna about
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<quantity box="[914,1002,409,434]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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long, number of segments not distinguishable, basal segments short and somewhat bulbous, becoming more elongate and slender apically towards antennal tip; intermediate and apical flagellomeres with long verticils that exceed length of segments (Figure 4.4). Palp only vaguely indicated. Occiput dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[840,1441,217,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,936,633,658]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Hardly any distinguishing characters; metatergite distinct from remainder of thoracic dorsum. Thorax dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[840,1441,217,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,927,729,754]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Wings.</emphasis>
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Both wings entirely preserved, right wing somewhat folded along M. Pterostigma not visible (Figure 4.2-3). Sc terminating in costa at level of first fork of Rs. The position of crossvein sc-r is uncertain, but it is possibly present at some distance proximad of apex of Sc. R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1215,1227,899,919]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
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long, straight, terminating in costa near level of fork of R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1334,1384,936,956]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">(2+)3</subScript>
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and R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[859,871,973,993]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4</subScript>
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. Rs long, originating at level of apex of A
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1352,1364,973,993]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
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, gradually curved. R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1023,1098,1010,1030]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">(2+)3+4</subScript>
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with short petiole, free section of R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[972,984,1047,1067]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
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absent, R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1139,1151,1047,1067]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3</subScript>
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slightly sinuous and subparallel to apex of R
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<subScript attach="right" box="[1121,1133,1083,1103]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
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, R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1167,1179,1083,1103]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4</subScript>
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long, slightly sinuous. R
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<subScript attach="left" box="[859,871,1120,1140]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5</subScript>
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long, evenly curved towards wing tip. Crossvein r-m rather long, a bit curved and oblique. Discal cell absent. M branches into M
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1240,1276,1189,1209]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1+2</subScript>
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and M
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1370,1382,1189,1209]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4</subScript>
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(M
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1428,1440,1189,1209]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3</subScript>
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absent). M
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<subScript attach="left" box="[970,1006,1226,1246]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1+2</subScript>
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with short petiole before branching into M
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<subScript attach="left" box="[912,924,1263,1283]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
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and M
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1004,1016,1263,1283]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2</subScript>
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. M
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1053,1065,1263,1283]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4</subScript>
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aligned with M. Crossvein m-cu touches M at its branching point, appearing somewhat curved possibly due to deformation of fossil. CuA almost straight, not upcurved at contact with crossvein m-cu, apical section of CuA aligned with preceding part of vein. False vein immediately posterior to CuA distinct from base of wing to level of crossvein m-cu. CuP gradually diverging from CuA from wing base to margin. A
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<subScript attach="left" box="[1226,1238,1524,1544]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
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long, gradually bowed to posterior wing margin. Anal area well developed, anal corner evenly rounded.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[840,1441,217,1832]" box="[840,1016,1614,1639]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,909,1614,1639]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Legs.</emphasis>
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Missing.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[840,1441,217,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,1147,1646,1671]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdomen and genitalia.</emphasis>
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Abdomen entirely present, but covered by wings, dark-brown. Genitalia preserved in dorsolateral view, but no details discernible.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[840,1441,217,1832]" box="[840,1171,1774,1799]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,952,1774,1799]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<typeStatus box="[840,948,1774,1799]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Allotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Female unknown.
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</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="7.[840,1441,217,1832]" box="[840,1156,1806,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,1077,1806,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Syncompressions.</emphasis>
|
|
None.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="8.[192,305,166,191]" box="[192,305,166,191]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<heading bold="true" box="[192,305,166,191]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="2">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,305,166,191]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks</emphasis>
|
|
</heading>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="8.[192,793,214,1889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
The family
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[387,516,214,239]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Limoniidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
currently includes 147 recent genera and 10,578 described species (
|
|
<bibRefCitation accessDate="invalid" author="Oosterbroek, P." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" publicationUrl="http://ccw.naturalis.nl" refId="ref41682" refString="Oosterbroek, P. 2018. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World. http: // ccw. naturalis. nl (accessed February 5, 2018)." title="Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World" type="url" year="2018">Oosterbroek, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The genus
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1907" box="[526,671,278,303]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[526,671,278,303]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is divided into six subgenera,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1907" box="[425,570,310,335]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
|
<emphasis box="[425,570,310,335]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[578,728,310,335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
(with 15 species),
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1920" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1920" box="[355,724,342,367]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Progonomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[355,512,342,367]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Progonomyia</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Alexander, C. P." box="[525,724,342,367]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref33129" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1920. The crane-flies of New York. Part II. Biology and Phylogeny. Memoirs of" type="book" year="1920">Alexander, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(55),
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1934" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1934" box="[192,584,374,399]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Protogonomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[192,371,374,399]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Protogonomyia</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Alexander, C. P." box="[385,584,374,399]" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Journal of Science" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="19 - 60" part="55" refId="ref33287" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1934. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XXI. Philippine Journal of Science, 55: 19 - 60." title="New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XXI" type="journal article" year="1934">Alexander, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(38),
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1931 b" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Ptilostenodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ptilostenodes</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Alexander, C. P." box="[243,451,406,431]" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fur Hydrobiologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="135 - 191" part="9" refId="ref33256" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1931 b. Deutsche Limnologische Sunda-Expedition. The crane-flies (Tipulidae, Diptera). Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 9: 135 - 191." title="Deutsche Limnologische Sunda-Expedition. The crane-flies (Tipulidae, Diptera)" type="journal article" year="1931">Alexander, 1931b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(9),
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1968" box="[507,694,406,431]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Ramagonomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[507,694,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ramagonomyia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Alexan- der, 1968 (2) and
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1968" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1968" box="[417,792,438,464]" class="Insecta" family="Tipulidae" genus="Sivagonomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[417,585,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Sivagonomyia</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Alexander, C. P." box="[596,792,438,463]" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Journal of Science" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="29 - 72" part="96" refId="ref33350" refString="Alexander, C. P. 1968. New or little known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera) LXII. Philippine Journal of Science, 96: 29 - 72." title="New or little known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera) LXII" type="journal article" year="1968">Alexander, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(1).
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1907" box="[248,393,470,495]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[248,393,470,495]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a taxonomic derivative of a huge clade that is dominated by the large genus
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Meigen, 1818" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1818" box="[192,494,534,560]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Gonomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[192,313,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gonomyia</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Meigen, J. W." box="[325,494,534,559]" journalOrPublisher="Schulz-Wundermann, Hamm" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref40005" refString="Meigen, J. W. 1818. Systematische Beschreibung der Bekannten Europaischen Zweiflugeligen Insekten. Schulz-Wundermann, Hamm." title="Systematische Beschreibung der Bekannten Europaischen Zweiflugeligen Insekten" type="book" year="1818">Meigen, 1818</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The systematics of this group is based on venational characters as the length of Sc, presence or absence of R
|
|
<subScript attach="left" box="[665,677,609,629]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2</subScript>
|
|
, depth of cell r
|
|
<subScript attach="left" box="[256,268,645,665]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3</subScript>
|
|
, presence or absence of the discal cell, shape of cell m
|
|
<subScript attach="left" box="[374,386,682,702]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1</subScript>
|
|
and the structure of the male and female terminalia. The classification is in need of revision and given the present situation, the fossil is best filed under the subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="(Ellipteroides)" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ellipteroides">
|
|
<emphasis box="[647,792,773,798]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis box="[201,346,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Placement in the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is based on the long Rs, the apically wide cell r
|
|
<subScript attach="left" box="[201,213,879,899]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3</subScript>
|
|
, the very long R
|
|
<subScript attach="left" box="[424,436,879,899]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4</subScript>
|
|
(much longer than R
|
|
<subScript attach="left" box="[701,776,879,899]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">(2+)3+4</subScript>
|
|
), the position of m-cu near the fork of M, branching of M into M
|
|
<subScript attach="left" box="[325,360,948,968]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1+2</subScript>
|
|
and M
|
|
<subScript attach="left" box="[443,455,948,968]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4</subScript>
|
|
. Placement in the subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1907" box="[192,337,974,999]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
|
<emphasis box="[192,337,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[346,380,974,999]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" sensu="stricto">s.s</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
is based on the absence of a free section of R
|
|
<subScript attach="right" box="[335,347,1017,1037]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2</subScript>
|
|
, the absence of a discal cell, and the petiole of M
|
|
<subScript attach="left" box="[338,374,1054,1074]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1+2</subScript>
|
|
being shorter than its fork. In the Nearctic region, the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1907" box="[531,676,1080,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[531,676,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is represented by only four recent species that are classified in the subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Alexander, 1920" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1920" box="[459,616,1144,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Progonomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[459,616,1144,1169]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Progonomyia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. No fossils of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1907" box="[192,337,1176,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Ellipteroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
|
<emphasis box="[192,337,1176,1201]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ellipteroides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[345,379,1176,1201]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
have previously been described.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |