434 lines
48 KiB
XML
434 lines
48 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="43F2873ADBEA249115972EAE4E88F2AC">A review of the genus Tragidion Audinet-Serville, 1834 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="D8AC32CBFC2E6A879237C1EAD2EEEEC6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A7D12E0B6AF713C5765EA90BD3517D1F">2008</mods:date>
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3EFFA5FF77FC1A2C3736BB" ID-CoL="7YGQ" authority="Audinet-Serville" authorityName="Audinet-Serville" box="[238,570,991,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FF77FC1A2F6B36BB" bold="true" box="[238,358,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Tragidion</emphasis>
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Audinet-Serville
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<paragraph id="246636CB3A3EFFA5FF0EFBC72D11315E" blockId="2.[151,796,991,1052]" box="[151,796,1026,1052]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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(
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A–F, 2A–F, 3A–F, 4A–C, 5A–D, 6A–E, 7A–F))
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<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3EFFA5FF0EFB972C38312B" ID-CoL="7YGQ" authority="Audinet-Serville, 1834:89" authorityName="Audinet-Serville" authorityPageNumber="89" authorityYear="1834" box="[151,565,1106,1129]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FF0EFB972F0D312B" box="[151,256,1106,1129]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Tragidion</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FE88FB972C38312B" author="Audinet-Serville" box="[273,565,1106,1129]" page="89" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1834">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FE88FB972C18312B" author="Audinet-Serville" box="[273,533,1106,1129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" refString="Audinet-Serville, J. G. (1834) Nouvelle classification de la famille des longicornes. Annals of the Entomological Society of France, 1 (3), 5 - 110." type="journal article" year="1834">Audinet-Serville, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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:89
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FDD2FB972D14312B" author="LeConte" box="[587,793,1106,1129]" page="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1850">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FDD2FB972CF4312B" author="LeConte" box="[587,761,1106,1129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1850) An attempt to classify the longicorn Coleoptera of the part of America, north of Mexico. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2 (1), 311 - 340; 2, 5 - 38." type="journal article" year="1850">LeConte, 1850</bibRefCitation>
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:10
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FCB7FB972A1F312B" author="Thomson" box="[814,1042,1106,1129]" page="190" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1860">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FCB7FB972DE8312B" author="Thomson" box="[814,997,1106,1129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" refString="Thomson, J. (1860) Essai d'une classification de la famille des cerambycides et materiaux pour servir a une monographie de cette famille. Paris. 1 - 404." type="book chapter" year="1860">Thomson, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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:190
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FBB1FB972B01312B" author="Thomson" box="[1064,1292,1106,1129]" page="429" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1864">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FBB1FB972AD0312B" author="Thomson" box="[1064,1245,1106,1129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" refString="Thomson, J. (1864) Systema cerambycidarum ou expose de tous les genres compris dans la famille des cerambycides et familles limitrophes. Memoirs of the Royal Society of Science of Liege 19, 1 - 540." type="journal article" year="1864">Thomson, 1864</bibRefCitation>
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:429
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FABBFB972F2231CB" author="Lacordaire" page="173" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1869">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FABBFB972F0C31CB" author="Lacordaire" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Lacordaire, J. T. 1869 Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Genera des Coleopteres, ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Paris. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, 8, 1 - 552; 9 (1), 1 - 409." type="journal article" year="1869">Lacordaire, 1869</bibRefCitation>
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:173
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FEDBFBB72C1131CB" author="LeConte" box="[322,540,1138,1161]" page="314" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1873">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FEDBFBB72FE131CB" author="LeConte" box="[322,492,1138,1161]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1873) New species of North American Coleoptera. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Part II. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11 (264), 169 - 238; (265), 279 - 348." type="journal article" year="1873">LeConte, 1873</bibRefCitation>
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:314
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FDA9FBB72D8831CB" author="LeConte" box="[560,901,1138,1161]" page="299" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1883">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FDA9FBB72D5B31CB" author="LeConte" box="[560,854,1138,1161]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="LeConte, J. L. & Horn, G. H. (1883) Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 26 (507), 1 - 567." type="journal article" year="1883">LeConte and Horn, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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:299
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FC00FBB72A4D31CB" author="Leng" box="[921,1088,1138,1161]" page="60" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1886">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FC00FBB72A1231CB" author="Leng" box="[921,1055,1138,1161]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Leng, C. W. (1886) Synopses of Cerambycidae. Entomologica Americana, 2 (2), 27 - 32; (3), 60 - 63; (4), 81 - 83; (5), 102 - 103; (6), 118 - 120." type="journal article" year="1886">Leng, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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:60
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 81;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FB1CFBB72B4F31CB" author="Casey" box="[1157,1346,1138,1161]" page="586" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1893">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FB1CFBB72B1F31CB" author="Casey" box="[1157,1298,1138,1161]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" refString="Casey, T. L. (1893) Coleopterological notices V. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 7, 281 - 606." type="journal article" year="1893">Casey, 1893</bibRefCitation>
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:586
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FACFFBB72F2331EB" author="Casey" page="321" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1912">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FACFFBB72F0C31EB" author="Casey" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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:321
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FEA5FB572C0D31EB" author="Linsley" box="[316,512,1170,1193]" page="113" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1962">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FEA5FB572FD931EB" author="Linsley" box="[316,468,1170,1193]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1962) Cerambycidae of North America, Part III. Taxonomy and Classification of the subfamily Cerambycinae, tribes Opsimini through Megaderini, University of California Publications in Entomology, 10, 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="1962">Linsley, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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:113
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FD97FB572D6231EB" author="Lingafelter" box="[526,879,1170,1193]" page="204" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="2006">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FD97FB572D4C31EB" author="Lingafelter" box="[526,833,1170,1193]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Lingafelter, S. L. & Nearns, E. H. (2006) Five new species of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from the Dominican Republic in genera Ataxia Haldeman, Atimiola Bates, Drycothea Thomson, Eburia Lepeletier and Audinet-Serville, and Hormathus Gahan. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 61, 177 - 191." type="journal article" year="2006">Lingafelter & Nearns, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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:204
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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<typeStatus id="FB6288693A3EFFA5FCE5FB572DBC31EB" box="[892,945,1170,1193]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3EFFA5FB8EFB572B9531EB" ID-CoL="PPLS" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[1047,1432,1170,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Callidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lynceum">
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<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FB8EFB572AE931EB" box="[1047,1252,1170,1193]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Callidium lynceum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FB74FB572B9531EB" author="Fabricius" box="[1261,1432,1170,1193]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsiae, 1 - 832." type="book chapter" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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,
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||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3EFFA5FF5EFB772FFB318B" ID-CoL="SH5R" authority="Linnaeus." authorityName="Linnaeus." box="[199,502,1202,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Cerambyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquus">
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<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FF5EFB772F8A318B" box="[199,391,1202,1225]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Cerambyx coquus</emphasis>
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Linnaeus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="246636CB3A3EFFA5FF0EFB172C9331AB" blockId="2.[151,1436,1106,1257]" box="[151,670,1234,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="04C911E53A3EFFA5FF0EFB172C9331AB" box="[151,670,1234,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3EFFA5FF0EFB172FD331AB" authority="Dejean, 1837:355" authorityName="Dejean" authorityPageNumber="355" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,478,1234,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Trichoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FF0EFB172F1531AB" box="[151,280,1234,1257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Trichoscelis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FE87FB172FD331AB" author="Dejean" box="[286,478,1234,1257]" page="355" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1837">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FE87FB172FBD31AB" author="Dejean" box="[286,432,1234,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Dejean, P. F. M. A. (1837) Catalogue de la collection de Coleopteres de M. le comte Dejean. Mequignon-Marvis Pere et Fils, troisieme edition, revue, corrigee et augmentee, 1 - 503." type="book chapter" year="1837">Dejean, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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:355
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A57810DA3A3EFFA5FE73FB172C9731AB" author="Bates" box="[490,666,1234,1257]" page="224" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1885">
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<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3EFFA5FE73FB172C6731AB" author="Bates" box="[490,618,1234,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" refString="Bates, H. W. (1885) Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insecta; Coleoptera, supplement to Longicornia, London, (5), 249 - 436." type="journal article" year="1885">Bates, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:224
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FF0EFADF2F253076" bold="true" box="[151,296,1306,1332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description</emphasis>
|
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. As in
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCE22A4E3A3EFFA5FE1CFADF2FC73076" box="[389,458,1306,1332]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[166,1427,188,1678]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,173,1685]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus photos of Tragidion spp. A, Tragidion agave (male); B, T. agave (female); C, T. annulatum (male); D, T. annulatum (female); E, T. armatum (male); F, T. armatum (female)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274504/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–F, 2A–F, 3A–F, 4A–C. Form moderately-sized, elongate, orange and/or black.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FF0EFA862EDB301E" box="[151,214,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: punctate, usually throughout, front subvertical, pubescent, large, quadrate, abruptly separated from the anteocular spaces, central sulcus usually present, genae moderate; mandibles acute at apex; antennae with 11 antennomeres (12 antennomeres in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3EFFA5FD2AFA562D8F30EE" box="[691,898,1427,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Trichoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dichromaticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FD2AFA562D8F30EE" box="[691,898,1427,1452]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">T. dichromaticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), filiform, occasionally spined at apex especially in males, antennomeres 6–11(12) usually carinate; antennal tubercles of male prominent; antennae of males usually long, exceeding the elytral apices by one to five antennomeres.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FBB0FA262A9030BE" box="[1065,1181,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
: pubescent, punctate; wider than long; lateral pronotal tubercles pronounced in males, less so in females, gland pore punctation in males present on the anterior half of the pronotum, pleura, and venter, a distinct area lacking gland pores is formed at the mid-posterior region of the disk around the pronotal calli; prosternum not protuberant; procoxal process generally parallel-sided, surpassing the posterior edge of the procoxae, bilobed or emarginate, occasionally with longitudinal ridge.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FD8DF96E2C503386" box="[532,605,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Elytra</emphasis>
|
||
: elongate, parallel-sided, rarely tapering to apices; lacking acute lateral margin or ivory vittae; surface entirely pubescent; apices rounded; scutellum small, equilaterally triangular, apical angle subacute; costae elevated in some species, flattened in others, forming elytral striae not elevated above the surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FE1FF8E62FB0327E" box="[390,445,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: moderately elongate; posterior femora not attaining apex of elytra; metatibiae densely pubescent with erect hairs, increasing in density apically.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3EFFA5FC5DF88E2A763226" box="[964,1147,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ventral surface</emphasis>
|
||
: moderately pubescent, pubescence sometimes with bright metallic blue reflections; mesosternum not protuberant, parallel sided, posterior margin entire; posterior metacoxal edge even with postcoxal bridge.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="70A666433A3FFFA4FF0EF94A2DF8338B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274504/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[166,1427,188,1678]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="246636CB3A3FFFA4FF0EF94A2DF8338B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1679,1737]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FF0EF94A2F1733E5" bold="true" box="[151,282,1679,1703]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus photos of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FDA8F9552C9733E5" box="[561,666,1680,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FDA8F9552C9733E5" box="[561,666,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FD6EF9552DAA33E5" box="[759,935,1680,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agave">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FD6EF9552DAA33E5" box="[759,935,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tragidion agave</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male); B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FBBAF9552A7333E5" box="[1059,1150,1680,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agave">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FBBAF9552A7333E5" box="[1059,1150,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">T. agave</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female); C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FA96F9552B9133E5" box="[1295,1436,1680,1703]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FA96F9552B9133E5" box="[1295,1436,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">T. annulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male); D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FE92F9772F9A338B" box="[267,407,1714,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FE92F9772F9A338B" box="[267,407,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">T. annulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female); E,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FDBDF9772C91338B" box="[548,668,1714,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FDBDF9772C91338B" box="[548,668,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">T. armatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male); F,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FC8AF9772D86338B" box="[787,907,1714,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FC8AF9772D86338B" box="[787,907,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">T. armatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CC365403A3FFFA1FF5CF9322F243440" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="246636CB3A3FFFA3FF5CF9322D7434E0" blockId="3.[151,1437,1783,2009]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,418]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FF5CF9322F303253" bold="true" box="[197,317,1783,1809]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Among the North American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FD3AF9322D313253" box="[675,828,1783,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trachyderini">Trachyderini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FCD1F93D2DB13253" box="[840,956,1784,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FCD1F93D2DB13253" box="[840,956,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FBC0F93D2AEC3253" box="[1113,1249,1784,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythroleus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FBC0F93D2AEC3253" box="[1113,1249,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Scythroleus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FA82F93D2ECD327B" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Purpuricenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FA82F93D2ECD327B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Purpuricenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These genera have acute mandibles at the apex, weakly produced mesosterna, and the elytra lack vitta and a distinct margined lateral edge.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FDDAF88D2CBA3223" box="[579,695,1864,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FDDAF88D2CBA3223" box="[579,695,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FCC9F88D2DE23223" box="[848,1007,1864,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Purpuricenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FCC9F88D2DE23223" box="[848,1007,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Purpuricenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having the elytra covered entirely in moderately-long pubescence (>
|
||
<quantity id="E3219B2E3A3FFFA4FDB5F8AA2C7932CB" box="[556,628,1903,1929]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
); the elytra are carinate or with narrow, unraised striae; the prosternal process exceeds the posterior edge of the procoxae; and the metacoxae are even with the postcoxal bridge.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3FFFA4FF0EF8052F3A329B" box="[151,311,1984,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Purpuricenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3FFFA4FF0EF8052F3A329B" box="[151,311,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Purpuricenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have nearly glabrous elytra which lack costae; the prosternal process does not exceed the posterior edge of the procoxae; and the posterior metacoxal edge extends beyond the postcoxal bridge.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FA82FF5D2ECD359B" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Purpuricenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FA82FF5D2ECD359B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Purpuricenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males have pheromone gland pore arrays on the pleura of the prothorax only and gland pores are absent from the dorsal surface of the pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCE22A4E3A38FFA3FD10FF2D2CDC3440" box="[649,721,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1315,1339]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,197,1280]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[152,1436,197,1288]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of Tragidion spp. A, Tragidion agave (male) prothorax 42 ×; B, T. agave (female) prothorax 42 ×; C, T. agave (male) gland pores of prothorax 2104 ×; D, Purpuricenus humeralis (male) prothorax 42 ×." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274508/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A38FFA3FC99FF2D2D923440" author="Skiles" box="[768,927,232,258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" refString="Skiles, D. D. (1979) The Purpuricenine Genus Scythroleus Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 33, 269 - 274." type="journal article" year="1979">Skiles (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provides a good discussion differentiating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FF0EFED52F12346B" box="[151,287,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythroleus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FF0EFED52F12346B" box="[151,287,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Scythroleus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FE02FED52C2E346B" box="[411,547,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FE02FED52C2E346B" box="[411,547,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. armatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group. His discussion, however, does not seem to account for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FA1FFED52F4A3413" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Trichoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dichromaticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FA1FFED52F4A3413" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T. dichromaticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the diagnosis between the two genera. Nevertheless,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FC66FEFD2A7C3413" box="[1023,1137,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FC66FEFD2A7C3413" box="[1023,1137,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses the following characters that separate it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FD88FEA52C95343B" box="[529,664,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythroleus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FD88FEA52C95343B" box="[529,664,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Scythroleus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:, the trapezoidal shape of the female pronotum, the lack of calli lateral to the median callus, and the shining elytral integument.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="70A666433A38FFA3FF0EF8722DE832B3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274505/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[195,1429,476,1942]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="246636CB3A38FFA3FF0EF8722DE832B3" blockId="4.[151,1436,1975,2033]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FF0EF8722F11328D" bold="true" box="[151,284,1975,1999]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus photos of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FDA4F87D2CAB328D" box="[573,678,1976,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FDA4F87D2CAB328D" box="[573,678,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FC91F87D2DEA328D" box="[776,999,1976,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auripenne">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FC91F87D2DEA328D" box="[776,999,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Tragidion auripenne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male); B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FBF0F87D2AFF328D" box="[1129,1266,1975,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auripenne">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FBF0F87D2A7B328D" box="[1129,1142,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FB1FF87D2AFF328D" box="[1158,1266,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">auripenne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female); C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FA11F87D2EE932B3" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FA11F87D2B98328D" box="[1416,1429,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FF0EF81F2EE932B3" box="[151,228,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male); D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FEC6F81F2FCB32B3" box="[351,454,2010,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FEC6F81F2F6132B3" box="[351,364,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FEE0F81F2FCB32B3" box="[377,454,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female); E,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FDCAF81F2CB532B3" box="[595,696,2010,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Cerambyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FDCAF81F2C6D32B3" box="[595,608,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FDF5F81F2CB532B3" box="[620,696,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">coquus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male); F,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A38FFA3FCB5F81F2D9F32B3" box="[812,914,2010,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Cerambyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FCB5F81F2D3432B3" box="[812,825,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A38FFA3FCDEF81F2D9F32B3" box="[839,914,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">coquus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="70A666433A39FFA2FF0EF9072A8833B9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274506/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[178,1420,212,1680]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="246636CB3A39FFA2FF0EF9072A8833B9" blockId="5.[151,1436,1730,1788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FF0EF9072F143398" bold="true" box="[151,281,1730,1754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus photos of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FDB6F9072C95339B" box="[559,664,1730,1753]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FDB6F9072C95339B" box="[559,664,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FD6AF9072DA2339B" box="[755,943,1730,1753]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FD6AF9072DA2339B" box="[755,943,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tragidion coquus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female); B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FBA7F9072AB2339B" box="[1086,1215,1730,1753]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FBA7F9072A46339B" box="[1086,1099,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FBC0F9072AB2339B" box="[1113,1215,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">deceptum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male); C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FAA3F9072EB233BE" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FAA3F9072B4A339B" box="[1338,1351,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FACCF9072EB233BE" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">deceptum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female); D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FED7F9202FEF33BE" box="[334,482,1764,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="densiventre">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FED7F9202F5633BE" box="[334,347,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FEF1F9202FEF33BE" box="[360,482,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">densiventre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male); E,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FDC3F9202CE333BE" box="[602,750,1764,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="densiventre">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FDC3F9202C6A33BE" box="[602,615,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FDEDF9202CE333BE" box="[628,750,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">densiventre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female); F,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FCEEF9202A3F33BE" box="[887,1074,1764,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Trichoscelis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dichromaticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FCEEF9202D8933BE" box="[887,900,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FC0BF9202A3F33BE" box="[914,1074,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">dichromaticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(male).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="246636CB3A39FFA1FF5CF8F52F243440" blockId="5.[151,1436,1839,2025]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,778]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FF5CF8F52F34320B" box="[197,313,1840,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FF5CF8F52F34320B" box="[197,313,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also bears a striking similarity to the South American genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FC64F8F52EC63233" authority="Audinet-Serville. However" authorityName="Audinet-Serville. However" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Polyschisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FC64F8F52A8C320B" box="[1021,1153,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Polyschisis</emphasis>
|
||
Audinet-Serville. However
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this similarity is largely superficial.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FDE4F89D2D0C3233" box="[637,769,1880,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Polyschisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FDE4F89D2D0C3233" box="[637,769,1880,1905]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Polyschisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses a number of distinct characters that separate it from
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A39FFA2FF41F8452F5F32DB" box="[216,338,1920,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A39FFA2FF41F8452F4232DB" box="[216,335,1920,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tragidion</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
including: elongate labial palps, with expanded apical segments; serrate antennae (at least in males); declivous posterior pronotal margins; a pronounced tubercle on the prosternal process; an elongate scutellum with an acute apical angle; a glabrous humeral area on the elytra; lack of raised elytral costae; and more clavate pro- and mesofemora. Based on these significant morphological differences, similarities between the two genera are likely the result of analogous character convergence rather than a homologous relationship.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CC365403A3AFFA1FF5CFECA2C1C3648" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="246636CB3A3AFFA1FF5CFECA2D0F34E0" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3AFFA1FF5CFECA2F5C346B" bold="true" box="[197,337,271,297]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
A formal phylogeny of the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3AFFA1FD4DFED52D673468" box="[724,874,272,298]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trachyderini">Trachyderini</taxonomicName>
|
||
or any group therein has not been proposed and is beyond the scope of this review. Therefore, no known apomorphies can be conclusively defined to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3AFFA1FF0EFEA52F06343B" box="[151,267,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3AFFA1FF0EFEA52F06343B" box="[151,267,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other trachyderine genera. Without such characters or a phylogeny, the relationship of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3AFFA1FADDFEA52EB034E3" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3AFFA1FADDFEA52EB034E3" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to other members of the tribe is uncertain at best.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="246636CB3A3AFFA1FF5CFE752C1C3648" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Male-specific gland pores are associated with pheromone production in a number of species within the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3AFFA1FE8DFE1D2FB034B0" box="[276,445,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cerambycinae">Cerambycinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(reviewed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3AFFA1FDF1FE1D2D2E34B0" author="Ray" box="[616,803,472,498]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" refString="Ray, A. M., Lacey, E. S., & Hanks, L. M. (2006) Predicted taxonomic patterns in pheromone production by longhorned beetles. Naturwissenschaften, 93, 543 - 550." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Ray
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3AFFA1FD06FE1D2CDE34B3" box="[671,723,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Pheromone gland pores are present on the prothoraces of males (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCE22A4E3A3AFFA1FEAFFDC52F763758" box="[310,379,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1315,1339]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,197,1280]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[152,1436,197,1288]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of Tragidion spp. A, Tragidion agave (male) prothorax 42 ×; B, T. agave (female) prothorax 42 ×; C, T. agave (male) gland pores of prothorax 2104 ×; D, Purpuricenus humeralis (male) prothorax 42 ×." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274508/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A), absent from females in all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3AFFA1FD47FDC52D5D375B" box="[734,848,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3AFFA1FD47FDC52D5D375B" box="[734,848,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCE22A4E3A3AFFA1FC25FDC52A0C3758" box="[956,1025,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1315,1339]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,197,1280]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[152,1436,197,1288]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of Tragidion spp. A, Tragidion agave (male) prothorax 42 ×; B, T. agave (female) prothorax 42 ×; C, T. agave (male) gland pores of prothorax 2104 ×; D, Purpuricenus humeralis (male) prothorax 42 ×." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274508/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B). In males, aggregations of gland pores are located at the base of prothoracic punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCE22A4E3A3AFFA1FCB1FDED2D7D3700" box="[808,880,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1315,1339]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,197,1280]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[152,1436,197,1288]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of Tragidion spp. A, Tragidion agave (male) prothorax 42 ×; B, T. agave (female) prothorax 42 ×; C, T. agave (male) gland pores of prothorax 2104 ×; D, Purpuricenus humeralis (male) prothorax 42 ×." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274508/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Females have similar punctation, however, these punctures do not contain clusters of pores. Gland pores are distributed along the anterior portion of the pronotum, as well as the pleura, and venter of the prothorax in males. There are subtle differences in the shapes of pore “areas” among species, but these differences are not diagnostic at species level. A candidate male-produced pheromone has likewise been identified in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3AFFA1FCCAFD0D2DD537A3" box="[851,984,712,737]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3AFFA1FCCAFD0D2DD537A3" box="[851,984,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. armatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3D94D483A3AFFA1FB4FFD0D2B4737A3" box="[1238,1354,712,737]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Tragidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3AFFA1FB4FFD0D2B4737A3" box="[1238,1354,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tragidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined to date (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40484B3A3A3AFFA1FEB6FD352C093648" author="Hanks" box="[303,516,752,778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" refString="Hanks, L. M., Millar, J. G., Moreira, J. A., Barbour, J. D., Lacey, E. S., McElfresh, J. S., Reuter, F. R., & Ray, A. M. (2007) Using generic pheromone lures to expedite identification of aggregation pheromones for the cerambycid beetles Xylotrechus nauticus, Phymatodes lecontei, and Neoclytus modestus modestus. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 33, 889 - 907." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Hanks
|
||
<emphasis id="16ADEAD93A3AFFA1FE1AFD352FB8364B" box="[387,437,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |