179 lines
18 KiB
XML
179 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.414.7542" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9775fadd-752b-43cb-8f44-178569d560cf" ID-PMC="PMC4086054" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-414-139" ID-PubMed="25009420" ID-ZBK="F9C49E62F57D46C0B12BE2B107EF5DEE" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-414-139" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 414" ModsDocTitle="Two new Paraparatrechina (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) species from the Seychelles, with notes on the hypogaeic weissi species-group" checkinTime="1451245802535" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="LaPolla, John S. & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2014" docId="9CA68E7562E5F8332CA57FFF8BDD58CD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 414: 139-155" docOrigin="ZooKeys 414" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.414.7542" docTitle="Paraparatrechina illusio LaPolla & Fisher, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="94A7F5B0-FAF1-477D-B697-71148BD9F5D4" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="144" masterDocId="5411FFAC695183014C30907AFFD3FFC9" masterDocTitle="Two new Paraparatrechina (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) species from the Seychelles, with notes on the hypogaeic weissi species-group" masterLastPageNumber="155" masterPageNumber="139" pageNumber="141" updateTime="1668158588735" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Two new Paraparatrechina (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) species from the Seychelles, with notes on the hypogaeic weissi species-group</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>LaPolla, John S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>414</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>139</mods:start>
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<mods:end>155</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.414.7542</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.414.7542</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-414-139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F9C49E62F57D46C0B12BE2B107EF5DEE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F9C49E62F57D46C0B12BE2B107EF5DEE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152053333" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94A7F5B0-FAF1-477D-B697-71148BD9F5D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9CA68E7562E5F8332CA57FFF8BDD58CD" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/94A7F5B0-FAF1-477D-B697-71148BD9F5D4" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina illusio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illusio">Paraparatrechina illusio</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="141">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1-9
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="holotype worker">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Holotype worker.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
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SEYCHELLES: Praslin Island, 280m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-4.34725">4.34725°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="55.74743">55.74743°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 6.ii.2010, mixed palm forest, on low vegetation, B.L. Fisher et al. CASENT0159099 (CASC); 5 paratype workers, SEYCHELLES: Conception Island, 65 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-4.66311">4.66311°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="55.36821">55.36821°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 12.ii.2010, mixed forest, B.L. Fisher et al. CASENT0160297 (CASC),
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="142" start="start">CASENT</pageBreakToken>
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0160331 (CASC), CASENT0160622 (USNM), CASENT0160625 (CASC), CASENT0160650 (CASC); paratype worker, SEYCHELLES: Curieuse Island, 5 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-4.28364">4.28364°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="55.7269">55.7269°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 4.ii.2010, coastal scrub, B.L. Fisher et al. CASENT0160122 (CASC); paratype worker, SEYCHELLES: Praslin Island, Newcome, 130m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-4.39">4.390°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="55.6926">55.6926°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 6.ii.2010, palm forest, B.L. Fisher et al. CASENT0158991 (USNM); paratype worker, SEYCHELLES: Sillhouette Island, 20 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-4.49076">4.49076°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="55.25341">55.25341°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 21.i.2010, coastal scrub, B.L. Fisher et al., CASENT0159838 (CASC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="143" type="worker diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="143">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="143" start="start">Worker</pageBreakToken>
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diagnosis.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="143">Short, decumbent pubescence present lateroanteriorly around eyes; pubescence on gaster shorter, tightly appressed to gaster, with pubescence appearing in neat rows with a silky appearance.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="143">
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Compare with:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina gnoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnoma">Paraparatrechina gnoma</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina oreias" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oreias">Paraparatrechina oreias</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina subtilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilis">Paraparatrechina subtilis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="4" pageNumber="143" type="worker">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="143">Worker.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="143">Measurements (n=8) TL: 1.20-1.67; HW: 0.35-0.38; HL: 0.39-0.42; EL: 0.10-0.11; SL: 0.37-0.40; PW: 0.23-0.26; WL: 0.41-0.44; GL: 0.39-0.81</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="143">Indices: CI: 86-95; REL: 25-27; SI: 101-112.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="4" pageNumber="143">
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Yellow to brownish-yellow; legs and antennae lighter; short, decumbent pubescence present lateroanteriorly around eyes; pubescence on gaster short, tightly appressed to
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="144" start="start">gaster</pageBreakToken>
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, with pubescence appearing in neat rows with a silky appearance. Head subquadrate with nearly straight posterior margin; scapes surpass posterior margin by first 2-3 funicular segments; three ocelli apparent. Mesosoma compact with steeply rising pronotum in lateral view; metanotal area indistinct, only slightly impressed; propodeum with short, flat dorsal face and much longer, steep declivitous face.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="144">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">
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Figures 1-3. Lateral, full face and dorsal view of body.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina illusio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illusio">Paraparatrechina illusio</taxonomicName>
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holotype worker CASENT0159099.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="144" type="queen">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Queen.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Measurements (n=3) TL: 2.92-3.23; HL: 0.54-0.55; HW: 0.58-0.61; EL: 0.20-0.21; SL: 0.53-0.53; PW: 0.62-0.66; WL: 0.97-1.03; GL: 1.34-1.70</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Indices: CI: 110-111; REL: 36-38; SI: 86-88</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">As in worker, with modifications expected for queen caste and the following differences:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Pubescence distinctly across head and mesosoma.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Gaster darker (yellowish-brown) than remainder of body.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="144">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">
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Figures 4-6. Lateral, full face and dorsal view of body.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina illusio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illusio">Paraparatrechina illusio</taxonomicName>
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queen CASENT0160097.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="144" type="male">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Measurements (n=1) TL: 1.55; HL: 0.33; HW: 0.38; EL: 0.18; SL: 0.31; PW: 0.29; WL: 0.54; GL: 0.68</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Indices: CI: 113; REL: 53; SI: 81</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Head brown, with bulging large eyes that occupy most of the lateral region of the head; head slightly broader than long. Palps distinctly lighter than head in color. A dense layer of pubescence covers head, with scattered erect setae along mid-region, posterior margin and clypeus. Scapes surpass posterior margin by about length of the first 2 funicular segments; antennae 13-segmented. Mandible with apical tooth and an indistinct basal angle. Mesosoma same color as head; pronotum short and collar-like; mesonotum large, rounded anteriorly, overarching pronotum; mesosoma dorsum flat, with erect setae. Gaster slightly ligher brown than head and mesosoma, covered with pubescence and erect setae. Parameres relatively broad then with a steep angle towards last third of paramere length; last third of paramere thinner and elongated with rounded apex; paramere with scattered erect setae.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="144">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">
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Figures 7-9. Lateral, full face and dorsal view of body.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina illusio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illusio">Paraparatrechina illusio</taxonomicName>
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male CASENT0914145.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="144" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="144">
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This species falls into the small, yellow
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paraparatrechina</taxonomicName>
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worker phenotype range (typically workers of these species vary by only slight difference in setation and color tones of yellow and brownish-yellow) and therefore identification of the species can be difficult. It is morphological similar to three Aftrotropical species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina gnoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnoma">Paraparatrechina gnoma</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina oreias" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oreias">Paraparatrechina oreias</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina subtilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilis">Paraparatrechina subtilis</taxonomicName>
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. In practice, a relatively straight forward, non-morphological way, to separate
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina illusio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illusio">Paraparatrechina illusio</taxonomicName>
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is it is only known from the Seychelles, while the remaining three species are from West and Central Africa. Morphologically, it differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina gnoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnoma">Paraparatrechina gnoma</taxonomicName>
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in being slightly larger overall and in coloration (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina gnoma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnoma">Paraparatrechina gnoma</taxonomicName>
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is brownish-yellow with lighter yellow patches). From
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina oreias" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oreias">Paraparatrechina oreias</taxonomicName>
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the main difference also lies in color. The gaster of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina oreias" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oreias">Paraparatrechina oreias</taxonomicName>
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is brownish-yellow, contrasting slightly with the remainder of the body. The metanotal area of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina oreias" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oreias">Paraparatrechina oreias</taxonomicName>
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is also more distinctly defined than is seen in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina illusio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illusio">Paraparatrechina illusio</taxonomicName>
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. From
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina subtilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilis">Paraparatrechina subtilis</taxonomicName>
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, the difference is in the pubescence. Whereas the pubescence on the head of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina subtilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilis">Paraparatrechina subtilis</taxonomicName>
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is decumbent throughout, on
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina illusio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illusio">Paraparatrechina illusio</taxonomicName>
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it is only decumbent lateroanteriorly around eyes. Additionally the gastral pubescence is different between the two: in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina subtilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilis">Paraparatrechina subtilis</taxonomicName>
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it is longer and slightly decumbent, contrasting with the shorter, tightly appressed pubescence observed in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraparatrechina illusio" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illusio">Paraparatrechina illusio</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |