552 lines
60 KiB
XML
552 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297097" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316535" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9373c90-73c5-4ee4-b0f8-4c371f527d91" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905209323" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="5FBBDDEE10F17E6593969FB95E6213B5" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Muridae.1189-1531.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Arvicanthis Lesson 1842" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" lastPageNumber="1285" masterDocId="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="1531" masterPageNumber="1189" pageNumber="1285" updateTime="1716781534040" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="68B686811776A6EC8D539F3B3AFB027B">
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<mods:title id="02E979546A208C8FEF7A2D736207403F">Order Rodentia - Family Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="819492BE0EFA1B1B889A3C9AFFC3E6EF">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A75483E51D65128FBDE1E0F539CB6E2C">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="203C7B08788EB25A3C10B5F1896855DA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="A2D6F34DFC7F312B9F7233A65FCBFC7A">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="BEFA9DADEBF86A9D721147DD0ACE1E94">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="E3593DAA18B3432FDBE58403778FBF5E">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="022081E70BCCA4F57F73405D8C331B08">
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<mods:title id="1645CAF29D87AAF00A6E4A7202292928">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="082B06F4918DB8177EBB1523DB419EF6">
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<mods:start id="3DB8C7F25B6C9867C5DDAE5366121B83">1189</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="E07D1ACCB53E8453F33769E3DD8D9DE2" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="20CC6ADD09570020713E1252D7F0CEE6" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316535</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5FBBDDEE10F17E6593969FB95E6213B5" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231539981" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5FBBDDEE10F17E6593969FB95E6213B5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5FBBDDEE10F17E6593969FB95E6213B5" lastPageNumber="1285" pageNumber="1285" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13001237">
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<subSubSection id="10C5AE5AA4F5712E1176375BC291018B" pageNumber="1285" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9573F908E720B272F3294255BDBBB107" pageNumber="1285">
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<taxonomicName id="1C4FAA03CCFB2046BCB9D49CBDF3A154" ID-CoL="33J6" authority="Lesson 1842" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B6A61C0FCC110E7F8C7347C1FD16050A" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
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Lesson 1842
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7E7266D4ABFB93AF82A5887A2B0B2161" pageNumber="1285" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C6C5F836D4C91D8B5F66C33A9A13B738" pageNumber="1285">
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<treatmentCitation id="37EB863C279B0D981E2D560B80BFB6F5" author="Lesson" authority="Lesson 1842" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="147" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" title="Arvicanthis" volumeTitle="Nouv. Tabl. Regn. Anim. Mammiferes" year="1842">
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<taxonomicName id="D499CB4EBF5CD59A16652835F3124263" ID-CoL="33J6" authority="Lesson 1842" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4328B29C8EBE33DE6FF86AF76FDF0CD" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
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Lesson 1842
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibCitation id="D7AA3B15D657F0A0A090F9698A5DE8CA" author="Lesson" pageNumber="1285" pagination="147" title="Arvicanthis" volumeTitle="Nouv. Tabl. Regn. Anim. Mammiferes" year="1842">Nouv. Tabl. Regn. Anim. Mammiferes: 147</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7CB25C493E71F29E5EE0DDAA2D8A3A7" pageNumber="1285" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="14F49988D3AF866E7C8D5EBBAF05D4EA" pageNumber="1285">
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<emphasis id="830E4EC36EEA488372C819846AAC7A4B" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1285">Type Species:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="CF4C16B49B90767E04CA7EF5CBEE4558" authority="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803" authorityName="É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
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<emphasis id="31723DD4383CA636B77401F809BA7515" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Lemmus niloticus</emphasis>
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É.
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<bibRefCitation id="3252CD437C13946A1EC6384BEF69EA2C" author="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E." refId="ref118357" refString="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E. 1803. Catalogue des mammiferes du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 272 pp." year="1803">Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BA093FD499E244AD1ECB2D5C27B6CFA3" pageNumber="1285" type="synonym_list">
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<paragraph id="8795117CA209D2A37A1A0E57DC54AF60" pageNumber="1285">
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<emphasis id="829FAA3AAD644C029FC1A12AB71ACD8A" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1285">Synonyms:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="3DF4E7658AF7E571C01CEBF86012982C" authority="Sundevall 1843" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Isomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B534413A03D1923704600EC937E1B5E5" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Isomys</emphasis>
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Sundevall 1843
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2EEC944C1FA5F4EFD51FAD9DC0AD87F2" pageNumber="1285" type="child_taxa">
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<paragraph id="D033A84EB3D2887B0CC97AD4801BA34B" pageNumber="1285">
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<emphasis id="9838C1E7A44F1E7E787E677D6B5FA9FD" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1285">Species and subspecies:</emphasis>
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7 species:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1F0B52752A103A3697876647A2A92E45" pageNumber="1285">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="A236353BA50750F4C9ED66261F51AB2A" authority="Rüppell 1842" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssinicus">
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<emphasis id="E00B8A814E49903BBEA5500DB4B01FCB" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis abyssinicus</emphasis>
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Rüppell 1842
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FCBB470CB0BF0C1F925BF66DAD2DBB0F" pageNumber="1285">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="A0DBBA17A13CE6AD542B2BD2FC2A3327" authority="Thomas 1910" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgei">
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<emphasis id="2307CA8AEF9C79A05B476F9DF6C75229" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis ansorgei</emphasis>
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Thomas 1910
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE299FFC31E7F0481ECCCFA25BF085E3" pageNumber="1285">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="7D2B561DBCE0381FAA7F9D9EBE770404" authority="Frick 1914" authorityName="Frick" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blicki">
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<emphasis id="E4C138081286EAEA986767C804060DAB" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis blicki</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C8BB03E51D84E916D0215612C96609D1" author="Frick, C." refId="ref109643" refString="Frick, C. 1914. A new genus and some new species and subspecies of Abyssinian rodents. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 9: 7 - 28." year="1914">Frick 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B8AF5567A4A569255EB7C062F8F353AC" pageNumber="1285">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="EFAE1D7AFB19B4AA3025BC0368E1A8CC" authority="J. A. Allen 1909" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
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<emphasis id="6F7076F12015C1E5CB69A9D0414EE66F" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis nairobae</emphasis>
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J. A. Allen 1909
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5EEACBF170D9A12155717B09D0ED425" pageNumber="1285">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="9BA365AA8FDC99D0D8BED1F9A9E5F00E" authority="Matschie 1894" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
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<emphasis id="48F85F07E6BCA2FEC23ADE051601855A" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis neumanni</emphasis>
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Matschie 1894
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E98592BAF2160657F7DED5DF7740EB3" pageNumber="1285">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="BEB43B57F8A41FF69ECBDE90E7691C47" authority="(E. Geoffroy 1803)" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
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<emphasis id="B45E086C6235EFF74EF93C9603ABE28A" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis niloticus</emphasis>
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(E.
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<bibRefCitation id="0BCDD8FA1DE0ED166D6AFEC0AE9BB498" author="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E." refId="ref118357" refString="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, E. 1803. Catalogue des mammiferes du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 272 pp." year="1803">Geoffroy 1803</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3E589D493CBD7740A12765F733793259" pageNumber="1285">
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Species
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<taxonomicName id="D6D5E54E000F77225EC1FE81921BC97D" authority="Temminck 1853" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufinus">
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<emphasis id="B0B4228B5C363D6CAD92462B3E090440" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis rufinus</emphasis>
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Temminck 1853
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CBC95942C90D1248AA5807DDA3DE58C" pageNumber="1285" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="790217073DBC53F7418F02A2F16FF862" pageNumber="1285">
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<emphasis id="3EB12C1B2FA22DA71AE1520732995273" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1285">Discussion:</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="870E0DFE66B61F84FBB3AB4EAC039421" pageNumber="1285">
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<taxonomicName id="5CD8EC8F673C0ADA8766673E017DA922" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0071DA4FF591820D26CE474166AFC988" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Division. Morphological features tie
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<taxonomicName id="D42E0E95A2E464944B15129B7321E731" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="6690AE48C2303492694D66969CFFC0D8" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to species of
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<taxonomicName id="5AC33FDD59E04604FF80BA3AA6089A13" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1852" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pelomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9F6DF895759385D08723050623595296" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Pelomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="AC5B071E8E297CD0742DDEEEECA65597" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mylomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="36802101368481AE1834DB83EFC751A3" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Mylomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="FA46525B1010DD7B83139E681C9C4F3B" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhabdomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7FE6A057AAC69DAEAB02C8948BDDFA19" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Rhabdomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="3CD3350450CBD758F3809EE16B1E8DB4" authority="(Musser, 1987 b)" baseAuthorityName="Musser" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Lemniscomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="55ADC62D3BECB2BCEE0DCD2AA25ABF6F" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Lemniscomys</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="BD0AB0E29307779042664E1135A4837B" author="Musser, G. G." refId="ref252040" refString="Musser, G. G. 1987 b. The occurrence of Hadromys (Rodentia: Muridae) in early Pleistocene Siwalik strata in northern Pakistan and its bearing on biogeographic affinities between Indian and northeastern African murine faunas. American Museum Novitates, 2883: 1 - 36." year="1987">
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Musser, 1987
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<emphasis id="D189B58227979058D5678B6AC8544B5A" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, which has been confirmed by results from mtDNA sequences (cytochrome
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<emphasis id="9D90944D74F03A592E239C4517E7586A" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
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, 12S and 16S rRNA genes), with the addition of
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<taxonomicName id="9DCADF81B86CE854D5AD750A4C50A3F8" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Desmomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="76C08577837F0FBED59C1FDD30AED466" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Desmomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by
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<bibRefCitation id="B7E8616A42EC62C79F16027A167C306D" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & V. Volobouev & L. Granjon" refId="ref89321" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Volobouev, and L. Granjon. 2001. An assessment of the systematics of Arvicanthine Rodents using mitochondrial DNA sequences: Evolutionary and biogeographical implications. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 8: 173 - 206." year="2001">Ducroz et al. (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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. Their results indicate three distinct lineages: one containing
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<taxonomicName id="915E3EA2C92DAED92C8C36ADAC102979" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="446DC7E489C3AE4BD6BAA403B8865FC2" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="25854299AD0CAFB25B1B7BD7A80B6068" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mylomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B7DC406B043263E803B2DB60855CD0DA" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Mylomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="FE59A83C416EF2A587831C05D20CFB47" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1852" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pelomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BFB2C7F9C77964053EE9A7062F0FDAB4" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Pelomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; another with
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<taxonomicName id="2565B089626CB41B6B884E7B132FE123" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Desmomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3AEED23D2329C46989F9A380E69C587A" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Desmomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="181E7CC07AF427B30963A437DEA12EFF" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhabdomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="3F9B648744297A431DF8C19F162007F5" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Rhabdomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; and a third containing only
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C412926FA66E6FA3F11F3197DE12335" baseAuthorityName="Musser" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Lemniscomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="F973DFC9D0972D5D448372977B70AEA7" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Lemniscomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The Asian
|
|
<taxonomicName id="44568751AF4E70386590F7C88E485C62" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Golunda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="9D1CD3E288F1BCB8653E96342540BE6C" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Golunda</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, provisionally (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F32455D841C0F03B654AAEA9ED940BE7" author="Musser, G. G." refId="ref252040" refString="Musser, G. G. 1987 b. The occurrence of Hadromys (Rodentia: Muridae) in early Pleistocene Siwalik strata in northern Pakistan and its bearing on biogeographic affinities between Indian and northeastern African murine faunas. American Museum Novitates, 2883: 1 - 36." year="1987">
|
|
Musser, 1987
|
|
<emphasis id="2CBDED9E94B8BD08BFA7A92CF92F8FA1" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) or certainly (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1F6F6DE299F71A5318D7F361B2BB319D" author="Jacobs, L. L." refId="ref170759" refString="Jacobs, L. L. 1978. Fossil rodents (Rhizomyidae & Muridae) from Neogene Siwalik deposits, Pakistan. Museum of Northern Arizona Press, Bulletin Series, 52: 1 - 103." year="1978">Jacobs, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="764A028D4FB8033E1F7B8F21615C44AC" author="Misonne, X." refId="ref243286" refString="Misonne, X. 1969. African and Indo-Australian Muridae: Evolutionary trends. Annales Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Serie IN- 8, Sciences Zoologiques, 172: 1 - 219." year="1969">Misonne, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8F1B628A4130A3E81595C5D3C7A607A3" author="Sabatier, M." refId="ref314030" refString="Sabatier, M. 1982. Les rongeurs du site Pliocene a hominides de Hadar (Ethiopie). Palaeovertebrata, 12 (1): 1 - 56." year="1982">Sabatier, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) allied with this clade, is not part of it according to molecular data (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="00CCE3066F5EBAD9D133E228E05695FA" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & V. Volobouev & L. Granjon" refId="ref89321" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Volobouev, and L. Granjon. 2001. An assessment of the systematics of Arvicanthine Rodents using mitochondrial DNA sequences: Evolutionary and biogeographical implications. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 8: 173 - 206." year="2001">Ducroz et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="4E8E95144D3F405DA91C794A112A5DD6" author="Lecompte, E." refId="ref208395" refString="Lecompte, E. 2003. Systematique et evolution du groupe Praomys (Rodentia, Murinae). These Docteur du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 365 pp." year="2003">Lecompte, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; see
|
|
<taxonomicName id="86FACC36991ADE9DA5C5DB1B3DD9AEC7" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Golunda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D30C141102D80ECD958DA8E02F223045" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Golunda</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
account).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6A20F538F08FE6FD1E84C10E7CC3989F" pageNumber="1285">
|
|
Opinions on the number of species in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CBAE21565CF1323370E7D717D396942C" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="5B979517BBA04A7B79161F458218CF4B" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
have varied from one (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1E88CB19CD70524BD9CBA90C26373A31" author="Misonne, X." refId="ref243324" refString="Misonne, X. 1974. Order Rodentia. Part 6. Pp. 1 - 39, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.). [issued 10 Sep 1974]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated." year="1974">Misonne, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) to several (G. M.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="018CDCE708C29F446E93BFCBE8B336C4" author="Allen, G. M." refId="ref4894" refString="Allen, G. M. 1939. A checklist of African mammals. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 83: 1 - 763." year="1939">Allen, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="232304718241D64FE9519C9CBDDD9848" author="Corbet, G. B. & J. E. Hill" refId="ref67916" refString="Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1991. A world list of mammalian species. Third ed. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 243 pp." year="1991">Corbet and Hill, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6D0FE40227651C2A272620CCEAB44A0B" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B824632A576F86525C0775AD39F9E5B1" author="Ellerman, J. R." refId="ref92857" refString="Ellerman, J. R. 1941. The families and genera of living rodents. Vol. II. Family Muridae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 690 pp." year="1941">Ellerman, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AE51EBF972C5DC52769B97FE09D36B2B" author="Musser, G. G. & M. D. Carleton" refId="ref252333" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. D. Carleton. 1993. Family Muridae. Pp. 501 - 755, in: Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference, Second ed. (D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder, eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., xviii + 1206 pp." year="1993">Musser and Carleton, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="84C79DB4354344FCAE6C39838A8923D7" author="Rousseau, M." refId="ref311222" refString="Rousseau, M. 1983. Etude des Arvicanthis du Museum de Paris par analyses factorielles (Rongeurs, Murides). Mammalia, 47: 525 - 542." year="1983">Rousseau, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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|
). The first and still useful review of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="785ACBB62C08136696BCEEC295E1E39B" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="67E8EDA39F0209DEF296371F668427BF" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was made by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="340D7F15F814FDA462966B0B9BAA0E23" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Several recent attempts to assess variability in the genus using breeding studies (F.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="745BDDBB330DDCD21116AE92C671A611" author="Petter, F. & M. Quilici & Ph. Ranque & P. Camerlynck" refId="ref284732" refString="Petter, F., M. Quilici, Ph. Ranque, and P. Camerlynck. 1969. Croisement d'Arvicanthis niloticus (Rongeurs, Murides) du Senegal et d'Ethiopie. Mammalia, 33: 540 - 541." year="1969">Petter et al., 1969</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="65D16A8271A55E2E79395AFB675FF3F0" author="Philippi, T." refId="ref285375" refString="Philippi, T. 1994. Zur innerartlichen variabilitat von Arvicanthis niloticus Desmarest 1822 in Agypten und im Sudan (Mammalia: Rodentia: Muridae). Senckenbergiana biologica, 73 (1 - 2): 39 - 44." year="1994">Philippi, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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|
), morphometric analyses (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F627B9F0A4586BD441DE01245C1BDF13" author="Bekele, A. & E. Capanna & M. Corti & L. F. Marcus & D. A. Schlitter" refId="ref26335" refString="Bekele, A., E. Capanna, M. Corti, L. F. Marcus, and D. A. Schlitter. 1993. Systematics and geographic variation of Ethiopian Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). Journal of Zoology, London, 230: 117 - 134." year="1993">Bekele et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
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; Corti and Fadda, 1996;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F5AACB1931ABA693208EF16D68CCE3A1" author="Fadda, C. & M. Corti" refId="ref97400" refString="Fadda, C., and M. Corti. 1998. Geographic variation of Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae) in the Nile Valley. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 63: 104 - 113." year="1998">Fadda and Corti, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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, 2001;
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<bibRefCitation id="75915AB1AC22E3CE6A8817E6EE7653E8" author="Rousseau, M." refId="ref311222" refString="Rousseau, M. 1983. Etude des Arvicanthis du Museum de Paris par analyses factorielles (Rongeurs, Murides). Mammalia, 47: 525 - 542." year="1983">Rousseau, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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|
), spermatozoal morphology (Baskevich and Lavrenchenkio, 1995), chromosomal evidence (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="79FB13229CD8F4FA2D3824BF7A213EB4" author="Baskevich, M. I. & L. A. Lavrenchenko" refId="ref22748" refString="Baskevich, M. I., and L. A. Lavrenchenko. 2000. Review of karyological studies and the problems of systematics of Ethiopian Arvicanthis Lesson, 1842 (Rodentia: Muridae). Pp. 209 - 215, in Isolated vertebrate communities in the tropics (G. Rheinwald, ed.). Bonner Zoologische Monographie, 46, 400 pp." year="2000">Baskevich and Lavrenchenko, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="42391DE5649091F367DA5DC32AC1ED9B" author="Capanna, E. & M. V. Civitelli" refId="ref50588" refString="Capanna, E., and M. V. Civitelli. 1988. A cytotaxonomic approach of the systematics of Arvicanthis niloticus (Desmarest 1822) (Mammalia, Rodentia). Tropical Zoology, 1: 29 - 37." year="1988">Capanna and Civitelli, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="6A16357DCF656C9BC42384DBEA29AF4C" author="Castiglia, R. & M. Corti & P. Tesha & A. Scanzani & C. Fadda & E. Capanna & W. Verheyen" refId="ref54314" refString="Castiglia, R., M. Corti, P. Tesha, A. Scanzani, C. Fadda, E. Capanna, and W. Verheyen. 2003 a. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 3. Comparative cytogenetics of A. neumanni and A. nairobae from Tanzania. Genetica, 118: 33 - 39." year="2003">
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Castiglia et al., 2003
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<emphasis id="0AF1513E1B6EC0306AD959937B9F4FAA" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF571ABD9983098F3832F6F4FB8A4B37" author="Civitelli, M. V. & R. Castiglia & J. - Cl. Codjia & E. Capanna" refId="ref62121" refString="Civitelli, M. V., R. Castiglia, J. - Cl. Codjia, and E. Capanna. 1995 a. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 1. Arvicanthis niloticus from Republic of Benin (West Africa). Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 60: 215 - 225." year="1995">
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Civitelli et al., 1995
|
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<emphasis id="240E0C9A975A34B34D3AC0D829BC50C4" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="B69C3B49CD77F6D6503D85C370380D3B" author="Corti, M. & M. V. Civitelli & R. Castiglia & A. Bekele & E. Capanna" refId="ref68609" refString="Corti, M., M. V. Civitelli, R. Castiglia, A. Bekele, and E. Capanna. 1996 b. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 2. The chromosomes of three species from Ethiopia: A. abyssinicus, A. dembeensis and A. blicki. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 61: 339 - 351." year="1996">
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Corti et al., 1996
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<emphasis id="4051B840B462C4D2949819C1601205EE" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="83596A7797145ED07A9C963FA9C7D118" author="Garagna, S. & M. V. Civitelli & N. Marziliano & R. Castiglia & M. Zuccotti & C. A. Redi & E. Capanna" refId="ref113162" refString="Garagna, S., M. V. Civitelli, N. Marziliano, R. Castiglia, M. Zuccotti, C. A. Redi, and E. Capanna. 1999. Genome size variations are related to X-chromosome heterochromatin polymorphism in Arvicanthis sp. from Benin (West Africa). Italian Journal of Zoology, 66: 27 - 32." year="1999">Garagna et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="769EC8FCDFF0C2E59535BCCC2EB2D6DD" author="Orlov, V. N. & M. I. Baskevich & N. Sh. Bulatova" refId="ref267548" refString="Orlov, V. N., M. I. Baskevich, and N. Sh. Bulatova. 1992 a. [Chromosomal sets of rats of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae) from Ethiopia.] Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 71 (2): 103 - 112 (in Russian with English summary)." year="1992">
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Orlov et al., 1992
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<emphasis id="65AFC512F22728CE944D227740CDC3AD" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="10CA5B0ECCF5DE9B27726770BD177293" author="Volobouev, V. T. & E. Viegas-Pequignot & F. Petter & B. Dutrillaux" refId="ref375738" refString="Volobouev, V. T., E. Viegas-Pequignot, F. Petter, and B. Dutrillaux. 1987. Karyotypic diversity and taxonomic problems in the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). Genetica, 72: 147 - 150." year="1987">Volobouev et al., 1987</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="628457EBFE9C512128352590B545DACC" author="Volobouev, V. T. & E. Viegas-Pequignot & M. Lombard & F. Petter & J. - M. Duplantier & B. Dutrillaux" refId="ref375783" refString="Volobouev, V. T., E. Viegas-Pequignot, M. Lombard, F. Petter, J. - M. Duplantier, and B. Dutrillaux. 1988 a. Chromosomal evidence for a polytypic structure of Arvicanthis niloticus (Rodentia, Muridae). Zeitschrift fur Zoologische Systematik und Evolution Forschung, 26: 276 - 285." year="1988">
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1988
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<bibRefCitation id="9177F0DF47B1B07DEB7CC404AC2572F1" author="Van Den Bussche, R. A. & S. R. Hoofer & N. B. Simmons" refId="ref363579" refString="Van Den Bussche, R. A., S. R. Hoofer, and N. B. Simmons. 2002 a. Phylogenetic relationships of mormoopid bats using mitochondrial gene sequences and morphology. Journal of Mammalogy, 83: 40 - 48." year="2002">
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<emphasis id="8629127C590FFACCCC482DFDC7881D6D" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
|
, 2002
|
|
<emphasis id="D251C842118DE54BE2BA3AEDB6F9C21B" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="FAAE410BFECF4337FA0FD34C30C863F2" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
|
; and references cited there), electrophoretic patterns of blood proteins (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="15BA294C68CA16D8D7A9C38F33B8EF61" author="Kaminski, M. & M. Rousseau & F. Petter" refId="ref179566" refString="Kaminski, M., M. Rousseau, and F. Petter. 1984. Electrophoretic studies on blood proteins of Arvicanthis niloticus. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 12: 215 - 224." year="1984">Kaminski et al., 1984</bibRefCitation>
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), allozymic variation (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1CE05C4240D30FAACE99A702AE309ABE" author="Capula, M. & M. V. Civitelli & M. Corti & A. Bekele & E. Capanna" refId="ref51137" refString="Capula, M., M. V. Civitelli, M. Corti, A. Bekele, and E. Capanna. 1997. Genetic divergence in the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia: Murinae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 25 (5): 403 - 409." year="1997">Capula et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="501A37A9CD4407B8CB07358D4E6AD50D" author="Milishnikov, A. N. & O. P. Likhnova & V. N. Orlov" refId="ref241435" refString="Milishnikov, A. N., O. P. Likhnova, and V. N. Orlov. 1992. Protein variation in four species of Ethiopian rodents. Folia Zoologia Brno, 41 (1): 1 - 9." year="1992">Milishnikov et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
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), analysis of mitochondrial (cytochrome
|
|
<emphasis id="0FE28E18ADEE491AFE1C1A76F8D48091" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
|
, 12S and 16S rRNA) gene sequences (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D2E4481746F608190EE415163EBB9E6A" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & V. Bolobouev & L. Granjon" refId="ref89263" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Bolobouev, and L. Granjon. 1998. A molecular perspective on the systematics and evolution of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae): Inferences from complete cytochrome b sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 10 (1): 104 - 117." year="1998">Ducroz et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="B023ABC6A2AA91D263980F97456EA089" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & V. Volobouev & L. Granjon" refId="ref89321" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Volobouev, and L. Granjon. 2001. An assessment of the systematics of Arvicanthine Rodents using mitochondrial DNA sequences: Evolutionary and biogeographical implications. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 8: 173 - 206." year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
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), and a combination of data sources (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="13BA264ABEADE4A65964EDCE2456B343" author="Capanna, E. & A. Bekele & M. Capula & R. Castiglia & M. V. Civitelli & J. T. Cl. Codjia & M. Corti & C. Fadda" refId="ref50962" refString="Capanna, E., A. Bekele, M. Capula, R. Castiglia, M. V. Civitelli, J. T. Cl. Codjia, M. Corti, and C. Fadda. 1996 b. A multidisciplinary approach to the systematics of the genus Arvicanthis Lesson, 1842 (Rodentia, Murinae). Mammalia, 60 (40): 677 - 696." year="1996">
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Capanna et al., 1996
|
|
<emphasis id="1994FFD42D0B84142FBF45648B70A7C5" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9EED99FE9135D92B274910C95F4E49D6" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & L. Granjon & P. Chevret & J. M. Duplantier & M. Lombard & V. Volobouev" refId="ref89195" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., L. Granjon, P. Chevret, J. M. Duplantier, M. Lombard, and V. Volobouev. 1997. Characterization of two distinct species of Arvicanthis (Rodentia: Muridae) in West Africa: Cytogenetic, molecular and reproductive evidence. Journal of Zoology, London, 241: 709 - 723." year="1997">Ducroz et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
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|
) have provided insights into species-diversity within
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1AB3869C9422FB06C7FE0B632FA90FA3" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="AC7D2A22A7FB98A92A5A38EDDC519083" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, as have results obtained based upon our examination of museum specimens (focusing on qualitative traits as well as external and craniodental measurements), and study of the discussions by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="DE26DF44BD5CBB54C93CDB1C0B988FBB" author="Dollman, G." refId="ref87523" refString="Dollman, G. 1911. On Arvicanthis abyssinicus and allied East-African species, with descriptions of four new forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, 8: 334 - 353." year="1911">Dollman (1911)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="66E40D100EDB3FE63E7F89C1C86F3D0F" author="Hollister, N." refId="ref157105" refString="Hollister, N. 1919. East African mammals in the United States National Museum. Part II. Rodentia, Lagomorpha, and Tubulidentata. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 99 (2): 1 - 184." year="1919">Hollister (1919)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="6CF789597EEAC49E566553FF0735540D" author="Osgood, W. H." refId="ref269005" refString="Osgood, W. H. 1936. New and imperfectly known small mammals from Africa. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 20: 217 - 256." year="1936">Osgood (1936)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
|
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<bibRefCitation id="AE48A3668EDA87FC4DED88C6581E0A14" author="Corbet, G. B. & D. W. Yalden" refId="ref68078" refString="Corbet, G. B., and D. W. Yalden. 1972. Recent records of mammals (other than bats) from Ethiopia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 22 (8): 213 - 252." year="1972">Corbet and Yalden (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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. Results of the careful chromosomal, molecular, and interbreeding studies by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6CCA0D20F7616ADF9CE2E768863A182B" author="Volobouev, V. T. & E. Viegas-Pequignot & M. Lombard & F. Petter & J. - M. Duplantier & B. Dutrillaux" refId="ref375783" refString="Volobouev, V. T., E. Viegas-Pequignot, M. Lombard, F. Petter, J. - M. Duplantier, and B. Dutrillaux. 1988 a. Chromosomal evidence for a polytypic structure of Arvicanthis niloticus (Rodentia, Muridae). Zeitschrift fur Zoologische Systematik und Evolution Forschung, 26: 276 - 285." year="1988">
|
|
Volobouev et al. (1988
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="CE6B43C8E5A31B90B573A0A3EC3B9007" author="Van Den Bussche, R. A. & S. R. Hoofer & N. B. Simmons" refId="ref363579" refString="Van Den Bussche, R. A., S. R. Hoofer, and N. B. Simmons. 2002 a. Phylogenetic relationships of mormoopid bats using mitochondrial gene sequences and morphology. Journal of Mammalogy, 83: 40 - 48." year="2002">
|
|
<emphasis id="C01D0E93FA58B095DADA30B2CA34E50A" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
|
, 2002
|
|
<emphasis id="C4F871F2C12AF418644B20CF117C3039" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="8462E5D0D87EC087BA14FB9ACE49BF6C" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
|
), Ducroz (1998), and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6309DBCA416B3EC8257F4450916B1C06" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & L. Granjon & P. Chevret & J. M. Duplantier & M. Lombard & V. Volobouev" refId="ref89195" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., L. Granjon, P. Chevret, J. M. Duplantier, M. Lombard, and V. Volobouev. 1997. Characterization of two distinct species of Arvicanthis (Rodentia: Muridae) in West Africa: Cytogenetic, molecular and reproductive evidence. Journal of Zoology, London, 241: 709 - 723." year="1997">Ducroz et al. (1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, 1998) have been especially significant in uncovering the species diversity of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E136C319650B0D0FEFB2D8E84B6AA2DE" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A330B9F09B900B06CC6123F16CD29D8D" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in West Africa.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B8E5DCCEB06983BF7F601BEB3CF20520" pageNumber="1285">
|
|
Of the seven species we list here,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D6D9F49B5DB4385716A1E9F701B2B276" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssinicus">
|
|
A.
|
|
<emphasis id="CD1FAD9CA21B9AF14A4FEEF0BC42C873" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">abyssinicus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="941126393B441689BE1CEE61100FF33B" authorityName="Frick" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blicki">
|
|
<emphasis id="B568E5690EF07EAB477CED84102C383F" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. blicki</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are endemic to the Ethiopian Plateau and easily diagnosed and recognizable. Two,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9EE46D8E01679ED8AE1F2E0768CD7ABB" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ansorgei">
|
|
<emphasis id="3DAE0852BA378527B2BC104F17CB025D" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. ansorgei</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B1FA9B223CA874AE5DF3B7A5670E2FD6" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufinus">
|
|
<emphasis id="3DFE42F2638F3CED5001BF2CF3865B6A" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. rufinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, have been recorded only from West Africa and the full extent of their geographic distributions have yet to be resolved. The East African
|
|
<taxonomicName id="95ACF6A68AC83C7F0538774104B91FCD" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
|
|
<emphasis id="C0503374DFD08954F7F9C84BDEC3876B" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. nairobae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is distinctive but its actual range and phylogenetic relationship to other species requires investigation. The small-bodied
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7D4562C12C0D18AE2DD5A3F5D2F1F714" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
|
|
<emphasis id="2171E0F191F9C70994FD0AA6BE167ED2" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. neumanni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is also endemic to East Africa and exhibits significant geographic variation possibly reflecting the presence of another species in the southern part of its range.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="577404D2DE4BE88FE4EFA36EA3514BE6" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A8670F0B0CBCF1982EB1B666D2C5FE7C" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has the most expansive geographic distribution of any
|
|
<taxonomicName id="91CE9876AA34AD088E1F07F61B525351" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="67DC2EE5579628333F080CEE9A98CA83" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and as defined here may still consist of more than one entity. Several samples of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="24EAB8327E8754638BA682784335A65B" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="5D5F69E70C89BD396FAB39A1013A4D01" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
have karyotypes different from any reported for other species and remain taxonomically unidentified.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C0C0AE8AC22B48D27CF85F3E4C8F419C" author="Capanna, E. & M. V. Civitelli" refId="ref50588" refString="Capanna, E., and M. V. Civitelli. 1988. A cytotaxonomic approach of the systematics of Arvicanthis niloticus (Desmarest 1822) (Mammalia, Rodentia). Tropical Zoology, 1: 29 - 37." year="1988">Capanna and Civitelli (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
recorded a karyotype with 2n = 44 from a sample they identified as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A5E9A8CC1DCE1A7F5E01DC1F9EC9763A" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
|
<emphasis id="AA92A5F845E331220AE433B0AEAC0310" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="BC9A8EE5E45690F369BE71729432D8C6" name="Somalia">Somalia</collectingCountry>
|
|
, which contrasts with the 2n = 62 of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7F03380F90BED21DCAA4E0E0460DFF0C" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7496EE201DAD16E7DF8A986B6C8E5BB7" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or documented diploid number for any other sample of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BD794CB3FB9402DF2ADD190E1EC57CC1" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="6E455DA252AFE501139E14F5523BC58A" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Two unidentified Ethiopian samples were reported by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1F371C63EAB23DEF9917B40360CDD72A" author="Orlov, V. N. & M. I. Baskevich & N. Sh. Bulatova" refId="ref267548" refString="Orlov, V. N., M. I. Baskevich, and N. Sh. Bulatova. 1992 a. [Chromosomal sets of rats of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae) from Ethiopia.] Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 71 (2): 103 - 112 (in Russian with English summary)." year="1992">
|
|
Orlov et al. (1992
|
|
<emphasis id="520B871D811B2394658A454AA603A925" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: 2n = 60, FN = 78 (S
|
|
<collectingCountry id="D3245823BD5E8D67FE9AD6A9385A8572" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
|
) and 2n = 56, FN = 60 (
|
|
<collectionCode id="D9DB7CDB950EA6598F8A93E9E918A614">SW</collectionCode>
|
|
<collectingCountry id="D7F85D8D83085F34DECD7E5809A84FDA" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
|
); the former might apply to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C7037FDABF1F4C2A1810E4DEA04CB5F0" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
|
|
<emphasis id="9876543F3F4B3D6EA833E60027FDF7D1" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. nairobae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, which occurs in the same region of S
|
|
<collectingCountry id="22DAC4F1652CE24B7FFEED7023849DEB" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
|
(Fadda and Corti, 2001); Tanzanian specimens of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CF79CF2FC92760A93B4119AFE6B35CE5" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nairobae">
|
|
<emphasis id="88C88603593C76DDDA4FD52FC932C6F8" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. nairobae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, for example, exhibit 2n = 62, FN = 78 (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9A9CF02C5DA27E767854C8D2C6BE5F3F" author="Castiglia, R. & M. Corti & P. Tesha & A. Scanzani & C. Fadda & E. Capanna & W. Verheyen" refId="ref54314" refString="Castiglia, R., M. Corti, P. Tesha, A. Scanzani, C. Fadda, E. Capanna, and W. Verheyen. 2003 a. Cytogenetics of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae). 3. Comparative cytogenetics of A. neumanni and A. nairobae from Tanzania. Genetica, 118: 33 - 39." year="2003">
|
|
Castiglia et al., 2003
|
|
<emphasis id="592150A3578E329415BAA660A82A2A36" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="4F7FF50C5F2C18738752FB9A9A4764AC" author="Fadda, C. & R. Castiglia & P. Colangelo & M. Corti & R. Machang'u & A. Scanzani & P. Tesha & W. Verheyen & E. Capanna" refId="ref97561" refString="Fadda, C., R. Castiglia, P. Colangelo, M. Corti, R. Machang'u, A. Scanzani, P. Tesha, W. Verheyen, and E. Capanna. 2001 b. The rodent fauna of Tanzania: A cytotaxonomic report from the Maasai Steppe (1999). Rendiconti Fisiche Accademia Lincei, ser. 9: 29 - 49." year="2001">
|
|
Fadda et al., 2001
|
|
<emphasis id="741609A0794DBA11B7AC7C838A1F1F30" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="21B7819749C634518F137436EE44E774" pageNumber="1285">
|
|
Living species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2D2013BE92FEFF393C1241495444EE37" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="C2746EC1061F52BA927527EA47039E1F" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
occur only in subsaharan Africa and the SW portion of the Arabian peninsula, but the genus is represented in middle to late Pleistocene cave deposits in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="416E7E667AAF0B23B1F173966D8E2750" name="Israel">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
|
by
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ABEF8FE3E858341AE208865B136D9EBE" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ectos">
|
|
<emphasis id="8250404F188C81779B16BEAFDB102FF7" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. ectos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D0CCFA69C28BD5BD6B316CF3F3E34409" author="Bate, D. M. A." refId="ref23294" refString="Bate, D. M. A. 1942 b. Pleistocene Murinae from Palestine. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 11, 9: 465 - 487." year="1942">
|
|
Bate, 1942
|
|
<emphasis id="EB51CE08093F15CFE75085B34EB11E3F" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="917FD52DF44462B0A9F5D9B4CA73086D" author="Tchernov, E." refId="ref349408" refString="Tchernov, E. 1968. Succession of rodent faunas during the Upper Pleistocene of Israel. Mammalia Depicta, 3: 152 pp." year="1968">Tchernov, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), and is not recorded as fossils in cave sites younger than
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="CE1F8CE0AC10373CB3673285D444D8C7" degrees="80,000" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="80.0">80,000</geoCoordinate>
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="1208FF749EF4FC8D5858E427BD7364CF" degrees="70,000" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-70.0">-70,000</geoCoordinate>
|
|
years before present (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BBE2E8C54C37771B35FCEA2E58CD2293" author="Tchernov, E." refId="ref349470" refString="Tchernov, E. 1986. The rodents and lagomorphs from ' Ubeidiya Formation: Systematics, paleoecology and biogeography. Pp. 235 - 350, in Les mammiferes du Pleistocene Inferieur de la Vallee du Jourdain a Oubeidiyeh (E. Tchernov, ed.). Memoires et Travaux du Centre de Recherche Francais de Jerusalem, 5: 1 - 405." year="1986">Tchernov, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, 1992, 1994, and references cited in therein). Isolated molars identified as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="66FFC664FC92312364EB38DE4796FA69" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
|
<emphasis id="062C9AD5677D0A1BB24A4BB5DBAB9D7C" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
were obtained from late Pleistocene sediments in N
|
|
<collectingCountry id="42D76700A3C360F14280B5B82281887F" name="Morocco">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
|
, which is outside the modern range of the genus (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9861E58E54E8E008CDAC9558E88CCAAF" author="Ouahbi, Y. & M. Aberkan & F. Serre" refId="ref270157" refString="Ouahbi, Y., M. Aberkan, and F. Serre. 2001. Climatic effect on Late Pleistocene mammals from the northern Rif Mountains, Northern Morocco. Paleontological Journal, 35 (6): 641 - 646 (translated from Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal, 6, 2001, pp. 78 - 83)." year="2001">Ouahbi et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), and from the late Pleistocene of East Africa (Jaeger, 1976;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1650B5823FA9A66654D2F576D1E4CE93" author="Wesselman, H. B." refId="ref387142" refString="Wesselman, H. B. 1984. The Omo micromammals. Systematics and paleoecology of Early Man sites from Ethiopia. Contributions to Vertebrate Evolution, 7: 1 - 219." year="1984">Wesselman, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; see review by Denys, 1999).
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3A8B25CAE82E3D29DA8B25D82FC7A7C3" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
|
<emphasis id="C88BCC285779546A038E9505CC9CB2DC" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
sp.
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was recovered from late Pleistocene beds in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="FD2D5E3375A777F944079DD1D49253B7" name="Tunisia">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="413003724F7E53C3C95E530FF6826703" author="Mein, P. & M. Pickford" refId="ref236473" refString="Mein, P., and M. Pickford. 1992. Gisements karstiques pleistocenes au Djebel Ressas, Tunisie. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, 315 (2): 247 - 253." year="1992">Mein and Pickford, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The earliest fossil representing
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4B281A79CD1CB7C1887C2F26DF9461D7" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="68758B62A3CEC9FCF51E45CEE6C6EC08" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
comes from 3-million year old sediments (late Pliocene) in the Omo Valley of
|
|
<collectingCountry id="E727AEC6AF7E5005A3C9F57087198996" name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6D4064139EDC839F39753A2CFBAC704F" author="Wesselman, H. B." refId="ref387142" refString="Wesselman, H. B. 1984. The Omo micromammals. Systematics and paleoecology of Early Man sites from Ethiopia. Contributions to Vertebrate Evolution, 7: 1 - 219." year="1984">Wesselman, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Based upon complete mtDNA cytochrome
|
|
<emphasis id="CCB241A36BCACF1A13098FB80B882E8E" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
|
sequences,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AE79EBA246B884FF2D0125340E330B86" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & V. Bolobouev & L. Granjon" refId="ref89263" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Bolobouev, and L. Granjon. 1998. A molecular perspective on the systematics and evolution of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae): Inferences from complete cytochrome b sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 10 (1): 104 - 117." year="1998">Ducroz et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
estimated
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F0A4ACED28F15E2A8B0391F0A8DCEF44" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="BA3D01B5C9D5C7FD23A8C7338109E527" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2DC52E270C885BAF43CD0ECCF08E1B28" baseAuthorityName="Musser" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Lemniscomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="8F0C7EF217B15CC59BFE43E7FFDC828B" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Lemniscomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
diverged from a common ancestor 5.5-7.7 million years ago. The split between
|
|
<taxonomicName id="52E6E757614DB25758EA94F3F15D2F21" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="52CE2355C86227B33FE4971ED994EA8F" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4CEE16747362193C53023E34DBE97FD1" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mylomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A664322229E25223F1F632324A98D3CD" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Mylomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
+
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C3E4B684730006206FC24D98BA653395" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1852" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pelomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A33267C9C30EFA05837B0E424FAA9D09" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Pelomys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
would have occurred between 5 and 6.3 millions years ago (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BD35E5FE9768CD4E493FA7F008EF3EEB" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & V. Volobouev & L. Granjon" refId="ref89321" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Volobouev, and L. Granjon. 2001. An assessment of the systematics of Arvicanthine Rodents using mitochondrial DNA sequences: Evolutionary and biogeographical implications. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 8: 173 - 206." year="2001">Ducroz et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Subsequently the North African species may have split from the other
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2DADBCB33BC62A39278CDF0A337F0914" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="0B9432EE6C60F6C668AB05BA25EF630B" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">Arvicanthis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
4.3-6.2 million years ago, and the separation of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="798EFA8630158E262997938F64FFDF6D" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
|
<emphasis id="460575CAB462B9E6920F5781F2785CB7" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. niloticus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A826110A31C5A793891ECEDBAF44D5E9" authorityName="Rüppell" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssinicus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CDABA409AF994BC4FF33ACAEC84A482" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. abyssinicus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1AD628BF4F6114E1C177C6C175F3BDB5" authorityName="Frick" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blicki">
|
|
<emphasis id="E489E66030E6A219110481D5CC0C9FA7" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. blicki</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FC1F41768B83636B35EED2EB7FCE4980" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neumanni">
|
|
<emphasis id="9AEECA2F3329EFC401B009382C4E249B" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">A. neumanni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was a Plio-Pleistocene event (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C4277A64C65562B690F10C786CC6A574" author="Capanna, E. & A. Bekele & M. Capula & R. Castiglia & M. V. Civitelli & J. T. Cl. Codjia & M. Corti & C. Fadda" refId="ref50962" refString="Capanna, E., A. Bekele, M. Capula, R. Castiglia, M. V. Civitelli, J. T. Cl. Codjia, M. Corti, and C. Fadda. 1996 b. A multidisciplinary approach to the systematics of the genus Arvicanthis Lesson, 1842 (Rodentia, Murinae). Mammalia, 60 (40): 677 - 696." year="1996">
|
|
Capanna et al., 1996
|
|
<emphasis id="CA0052F74C1749140DD4186408635BC3" italics="true" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; see extended discussion in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B3683F342D9231748826031DB78D9E81" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & V. Bolobouev & L. Granjon" refId="ref89263" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Bolobouev, and L. Granjon. 1998. A molecular perspective on the systematics and evolution of the genus Arvicanthis (Rodentia, Muridae): Inferences from complete cytochrome b sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 10 (1): 104 - 117." year="1998">Ducroz et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9CAC2571FCB974DAAED55D944D2DB810" author="Ducroz, J. - F. & V. Volobouev & L. Granjon" refId="ref89321" refString="Ducroz, J. - F., V. Volobouev, and L. Granjon. 2001. An assessment of the systematics of Arvicanthine Rodents using mitochondrial DNA sequences: Evolutionary and biogeographical implications. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 8: 173 - 206." year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |