155 lines
13 KiB
XML
155 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e5e47a0-f8f3-4039-b0e1-c159fef0b9f6" ID-PMC="PMC4714384" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-544-1" ID-PubMed="26798289" ID-ZBK="C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-544-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 544" ModsDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" checkinTime="1451243640953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2015" docId="5F8632C4D63A63806B66339A2A25D229" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 544: 1-407" docOrigin="ZooKeys 544" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" docTitle="Mecyclothorax brevidux Liebherr, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="02338C86-031F-4248-997E-C1950C2FDD36" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="262" masterDocId="FF92FFC2FF9FFFC7191EFFB8FF91AF5D" masterDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="261" updateTime="1668162300918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>544</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>407</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-544-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853628" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:02338C86-031F-4248-997E-C1950C2FDD36" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F8632C4D63A63806B66339A2A25D229" lastPageId="261" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="260" pageNumber="261">
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<subSubSection pageId="260" pageNumber="261" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="260" pageNumber="261">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="260" pageNumber="261" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="260" pageNumber="261" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="260" pageNumber="261">
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(105)
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/02338C86-031F-4248-997E-C1950C2FDD36" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax brevidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="260" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevidux">Mecyclothorax brevidux</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="260" pageNumber="261">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 136E, 137E, 140
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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, 141
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
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, 142
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="261" pageNumber="262" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="261" pageNumber="262" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">
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This species is extremely similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax longidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longidux">Mecyclothorax longidux</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 140
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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), but can be diagnosed from that species by the less punctate discal striae, with small punctures present in impressed striae 1-2 to 1-3, and striae 4-5 reduced to linear series of small punctures (Fig. 140
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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). The discal elytral intervals are less convex than in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax longidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longidux">Mecyclothorax longidux</taxonomicName>
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, though the sutural interval is as upraised as in that species. The metafemur is darkened in its basal 1/5 to 1/3 of length, with the middle of the femur flavous, and apex narrowly piceous to match the darkened metatibia. The male aedeagal median lobe apex is shorter and broader (Fig. 141
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
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) than in males of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax longidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longidux">Mecyclothorax longidux</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 141
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, D). Setal formula 2 1 2 0. Standardized body length 5.2-5.9 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="261" pageNumber="262" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">
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(n = 5). [The above description of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax longidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longidux">Mecyclothorax longidux</taxonomicName>
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can serve to describe this species with the following substitutions.] Eyes with ocular ratio = 1.50-1.58, ocular lobe ratio = 0.81-0.84. Pronotum with lateral margins subparallel to slightly divergent for 0.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pronotal length anterad slightly obtuse, projected hind angles; MPW/PL = 1.15-1.21, MPW/BPW = 1.51-1.63, APW/BPW = 1.0-1.07. Elytra subovoid, MEW/HuW = 2.20-2.49. Microsculpture of elytral disc and apex minimally developed, with indistinct isodiametric and transverse sculpticells visible through the glossy reflection.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">
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Male genitalia (n = 4). Aedeagal median lobe gracile, distance from parameral articulation to tip 3.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3.6×">-3.6x</normalizedToken>
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depth at midlength (Figs 141
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
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); apex broad, extended twice maximum depth beyond ostial opening, apical face flattened, tip ventrally expanded so that ventral margin of lobe curves downward; internal sac short, broad, with lightly melanized dorsal ostial microtrichial patch and ventral ostial microtrichial patch (Fig. 141I); flagellar plate of moderate size, length 0.39
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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parameral articulation-tip distance (larger ratio of plate size relative to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax longidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longidux">Mecyclothorax longidux</taxonomicName>
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due to shorter median lobe in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax brevidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevidux">Mecyclothorax brevidux</taxonomicName>
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; compare Fig. 141D, I)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">
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Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix short, sac-shaped, length 1.0 mm, maximum width 0.51 mm, basal constriction 0.40 mm broad (Fig. 136E); bursal walls thick, broadly wrinkled; gonocoxite 1 with 4 apical fringe setae, a curved seta at medioapical angle and 5 setae on medial surface (Fig. 137E); gonocoxite 2 subacuminate, apex tightly rounded, basal extension curved at lateral terminus, 2 moderately elongate lateral ensiform setae, apical nematiform setae on medioventral surface at 0.74
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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gonocoxite length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="261" pageNumber="262" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">
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Female (BPBM) labeled: Kipahulu Valley / Maui, Camp 1 / 945 m, 6-12.VIII.67 // N. Wilson / Collector / BISHOP // 4 // HOLOTYPE /
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName lsidName="brevidux" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" rank="species" species="brevidux">brevidux</taxonomicName>
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/ Liebherr / det. J.K. Liebherr 2015 (black-margined red label).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="261" pageNumber="262" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">
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HI: Maui: Haleakala N.P., Kekuewa Hill, 0.7 km N Puu Ahulili, sift humus/moss, 1600 m el., 16-v-1993 lot 02, Liebherr/Medeiros (CUIC, 4), lot 04 Liebherr/Medeiros (CUIC, 1), vegetation at night, 1600 m el., 16-v-1993 lot 08, Liebherr/Medeiros (CUIC, 1), Kipahulu Vy., sift litter, 1500 m el., 09-v-1991 lot 03, Jessel/Medeiros (CUIC, 1), 1800 m el., 08-v-1991 lot 04, Jessel/Medeiros (CUIC, 1), Mauka Ridge, pyrethrin fog
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
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/moss, 2045 m el., 21-v-1998 lot 01, Polhemus (NMNH, 2), Kipahulu west rim ESE Kuiki, sift
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metrosideros</taxonomicName>
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humus, 1850 m el., 15-v-1993 lot 03, Liebherr/Medeiros (CUIC, 1).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="261" pageNumber="262" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">
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This cryptic sister sibling species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax longidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longidux">Mecyclothorax longidux</taxonomicName>
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is given the epithet
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<taxonomicName lsidName="brevidux" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" rank="species" species="brevidux">brevidux</taxonomicName>
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-short leader-in reference to the foreshortened aedeagal median lobe apex (Figs 141
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="261" pageNumber="262" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="261" pageNumber="262">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax brevidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevidux">Mecyclothorax brevidux</taxonomicName>
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is distributed in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kīpahulu">Kīpahulu</normalizedToken>
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Valley and on the Manawainui Planeze from 945-2045 m elevation (Fig. 142); a distribution allopatrically complementing that of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax longidux" order="Coleoptera" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longidux">Mecyclothorax longidux</taxonomicName>
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so that both species occupy most of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā’s">Haleakala's</normalizedToken>
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windward forest. Most specimens of these beetles have been collected in moss, humus, or leaf litter in association with
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘ōhi‘a">'ōhi'a</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |