236 lines
27 KiB
XML
236 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="FF82C271A13C3437213759FBD70F81D0" ID-CLB-Dataset="88683" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6448815" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbbf94d9-a910-4cda-97df-7eca124163ed" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448815" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" IM.metadata_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1635825784914" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03AD87FAFF9FF67189693515FD7FF5B3" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Pteropodidae_16.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Pteropus capistratus Peters 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="149" masterDocId="FF94FF82FFC4F62A891E341CFFA5FF9B" masterDocTitle="Pteropodidae" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="16" pageNumber="149" updateTime="1719592658732" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:mods id="8A0583AD74EAF9BBB76A307B4284FA36" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DAA8126C37F2A7CBE65F8FA46E110221">
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<mods:title id="5DB7E4F53FA8EA271666D3AC7A1A9892">Pteropodidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A10FC22147CF375E22A3942349A2BE48">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="53CA7107594B936D3DE1E30164B9308F">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="7871606640950D6BABE2D657C33C479E">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="E9670C423D93EC729D1F3ED68F6948C3" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="3FCB76B99654225E81121A708C6D413E">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="C5E04F18700D1BB725B23AACC6693A12">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="8C8C493E9ACFB76605C47DB997788672">
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<mods:title id="B0B5C8672D58DE4980E7164CFE0828B9">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<treatment id="03AD87FAFF9FF67189693515FD7FF5B3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6449054" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196379251" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6449054" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AD87FAFF9FF67189693515FD7FF5B3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AD87FAFF9FF67189693515FD7FF5B3" lastPageNumber="149" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF67189693515FF63FEAC" blockId="91.[113,1293,265,394]" box="[119,198,265,311]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF9FF67189693515FF63FEAC" box="[119,198,265,311]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<figureCitation id="133F2A69FF9FF67189693515FF63FEAC" box="[119,198,265,311]" captionStart="Plate 10: Pteropodidae" captionStartId="91.[102,132,3363,3388]" captionTargetBox="[12,2743,16,3661]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="161. New Britain Masked Flying Fox (Pleropus capistratus), 162. New Ireland Masked Flying Fox (Pleropus ennisae), 163. New Caledonia Flying Fox (Pteropus vetula), 164. Common Samoan Flying Fox (Pteropus samoensis), 165. Banks Flying Fox (Pteropus fundatus), 166. Vanuatu Flying Fox (Pleropus anetianus), 167. Vanikoro Flying Fox (Pleropus tuberculatus), 168. Temotu Flying Fox (Pteropus nitendiensis), 169. Solomons Flying Fox (Pteropus rayneri), 170. Makira Flying Fox (Pteropus cognatus), 171. Rennell Flying Fox (Pteropus rennelli), 172. Temminck’s Flying Fox (Pteropus temminckui), 173. Gray-headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6448901/files/figure.png" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">161.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF67189C93515FCC7FEAC" box="[215,866,265,311]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF67189C93515FCC7FEAC" blockId="91.[113,1293,265,394]" box="[215,866,265,311]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF9FF67189C93515FCC7FEAC" box="[215,866,265,311]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF9FF67189C93515FCC7FEAC" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[215,866,265,311]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Pleropus" kingdom="Plantae" language="eng" order="Rosales" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capistratus">
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF67189C93515FE6BFEAC" box="[215,462,265,311]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
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Masked Flying Fox
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF6718AB83515FAA9FEAC" box="[934,1292,265,311]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF6718AB83515FAA9FEAC" blockId="91.[113,1293,265,394]" box="[934,1292,265,311]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF9FF6718AB83515FAA9FEAC" box="[934,1292,265,311]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718AB83515FAA9FEAC" ID-CoL="4Q2YW" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[934,1292,265,311]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capistratus">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF6718AB83515FAA9FEAC" box="[934,1292,265,311]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Pteropus capistratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF671896D3555FCC3FE1E" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF671896D3555FB34FEC5" blockId="91.[113,1293,265,394]" box="[115,1169,329,350]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF9FF671896D3555FB34FEC5" box="[115,1169,329,350]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF671896D3555FF1AFEC5" bold="true" box="[115,191,329,350]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF9FF67189D73555FED7FEC5" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[201,370,329,350]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Pleropus" kingdom="Plantae" language="fra" order="Rosales" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capistratus">Roussette bridée</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF67188993555FE44FEC5" bold="true" box="[391,481,329,350]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF9FF67188F53555FD7FFEC5" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[491,730,329,350]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Pleropus" kingdom="Plantae" language="deu" order="Rosales" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capistratus">Neubritannien-Flughund</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF6718BEE3555FCEEFEC5" bold="true" box="[752,843,329,350]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF9FF6718A4A3555FB34FEC5" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[852,1169,329,350]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Pleropus" kingdom="Plantae" language="esp" order="Rosales" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capistratus">
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Zorro volador de
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718D1E3555FB34FEC5" box="[1024,1169,329,350]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Nueva Bretana</collectingRegion>
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF671896C356CFCC3FE1E" blockId="91.[113,1293,265,394]" box="[114,870,368,389]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF9FF671896C356CFCC3FE1E" box="[114,870,368,389]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF671896C356CFECFFE1E" bold="true" box="[114,362,368,389]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF9FF671886A356CFD9EFE1E" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[372,571,368,389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Pleropus" kingdom="Plantae" language="eng" order="Rosales" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capistratus">Bismarck Flying Fox</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF9FF6718B57356CFCC3FE1E" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[585,870,368,389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Pleropus" kingdom="Plantae" language="eng" order="Rosales" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capistratus">Bismarck Masked Flying Fox</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF6718BC935A5FC85FE65" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF6718BC935A5FC85FE65" blockId="91.[726,1320,441,864]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF6718BC935A5FCD7FE4D" bold="true" box="[727,882,441,470]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718A8B35A5FCBEFE65" authority="Peters, 1876" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capistratus">Pteropus capistratus Peters, 1876</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF6718A3135FDFC11FDBF" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF6718A3135FDFC11FDBF" blockId="91.[726,1320,441,864]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6C3CB1FF9FF6718A3135FDFC11FDBF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828391444" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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“Neu-Irland [=
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718D1235FDFB61FE65" box="[1036,1220,481,510]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="New Ireland" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Ireland</collectingRegion>
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],”
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF9FF6718DF535FDFC14FDBF" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF6718BC93637FBE3FC66" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF6718BC93637FBE3FC66" blockId="91.[726,1320,441,864]" lastBlockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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Doubt has been cast on the validity of Peters’s type locality. After examining existing museum specimens collected about the time
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718A4436BDFC46FD59" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[858,995,673,706]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capistratus">capistratus</taxonomicName>
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was named, T. F. Flannery and J. P. White in 1991 eould not decide if the type locality was
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718D6736F3FA83FC8B" box="[1145,1318,751,784]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="New Ireland" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Ireland</collectingRegion>
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or
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718A19370BFC1CFCA3" box="[775,953,791,824]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
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, so Peter’s “Neu-Irland” stands until additional clarification is possible.
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF67189D83779FE6DFC1D" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[198,456,869,902]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capistratus">Pteropus capistratus</taxonomicName>
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was long considered a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718AEF3779FB04FC1D" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[1009,1185,869,902]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">P. temminckii</taxonomicName>
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, but it is clearly distinct. It formerly included two subspecies, nominate and
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718D2A3791FB37FC35" authorityName="Flannery & White" authorityYear="1991" box="[1076,1170,909,942]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ennisae">ennisae</taxonomicName>
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, the latter is considered a valid species based on morphological and genetic differences.
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718DA537A8FF5EFC66" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capistratus">Pteropus capistratus</taxonomicName>
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is in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF671886237FCFDA0FC66" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[380,517,992,1021]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="capistratus">capistratus</taxonomicName>
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species group with
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718A0437FCFC3CFC66" authorityName="Flannery & White" authorityYear="1991" box="[794,921,992,1021]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ennisae">P. ennisae</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF67189713010FF68FBD1" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="multiple">
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<caption id="DF7B6664FF9FF67189713010FF68FBD1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6803289" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6803289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6803289/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" startId="91.[111,280,1036,1061]" targetBox="[111,702,443,857]" targetPageId="91">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF67189713010FF68FBD1" blockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF67189713010FEBEFBBE" bold="true" box="[111,283,1036,1061]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Distribution.</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF9FF67188393010FDF3FBBE" box="[295,598,1036,1061]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Bismarck Archipelago</collectingCountry>
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||
(Duke ofYork, Mioko,
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718A803010FBE7FBBE" box="[926,1090,1036,1061]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
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, Sakar, and Umboi Is).
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</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF6718971304EFF51F88B" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF6718971304EFF51F88B" blockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF6718971304EFECAFBE8" bold="true" box="[111,367,1106,1139]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body
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(tailless), ear
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, hindfoot
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, forearm
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF9FF67188713065FD8CFB01" box="[367,553,1145,1178]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" metricValueMax="1.22" metricValueMin="1.02" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" unit="mm" value="112.0" valueMax="122.0" valueMin="102.0">102-122 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF9FF6718BB53065FC9AFB01" box="[683,831,1145,1178]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.275" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" unit="g" value="227.5" valueMax="290.0" valueMin="165.0">165-290 g</quantity>
|
||
. The
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718A873065FBE3FB01" box="[921,1094,1145,1178]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
Masked Flying Fox is heavily furred, with wings depigmented in dendritic pattern. Muzzle is short and narrow, rhinarium is dark reddish brown, eyes are large, and irises are medium brown. Ears are broad and triangular, with rounded tips. Head has distinctive white facial mask, broken and framed by darker lines. Two dark bands emanate from back of muzzle and unite to form single band passing from between eyes over forehead and toward crown, and two transverse bands pass from lateral parts of muzzle beneath eye and toward temple, uniting with two lines that traverse lowerjaw and angle up toward temple. Mantle hairs are bicolored, with dark brown bases and yellow or reddish tips. Dorsal hairs are also bicolored, with gray white bases and hoary brown tips. Males have bristly hairs surrounding shoulder glands. Venteris light brown, and ventral surface oftibia is unfurred. Wing membranes are light brown and strikingly marked with dark brown veins. Membranes attach to sides of body. Skull is delicately built, with basicranial deflection pronounced, short and thin rostrum, large orbits, long postorbital process, postorbital constriction, and sagittal and nuchal crests not marked. Dentition is relatively weak, with posterior basal ledges of premolars present but short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF67189723304FBEAF8A2" box="[108,1103,1816,1849]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF67189723304FBEAF8A2" blockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" box="[108,1103,1816,1849]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF67189723304FF7EF8A2" bold="true" box="[108,219,1816,1849]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Secondary forests and hill forests up to elevations of ¢.
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF9FF6718AC03304FBE9F8A2" box="[990,1100,1816,1849]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF6718975335CFB5FF812" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF6718975335CFB5FF812" blockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF6718975335CFED3F8FA" bold="true" box="[107,374,1856,1889]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Two
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF67188D7335CFDD5F8FA" box="[457,624,1856,1889]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
Masked Flying Foxes were observed feeding on introduced
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF671880D3370FE05F812" box="[275,416,1900,1929]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Muntingiaceae" genus="Muntingia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Muntingia</taxonomicName>
|
||
calabura (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718B323370FCA5F812" box="[556,768,1900,1929]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Muntingiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Muntingiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) at ¢.02:00 h on
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718AEE3370FB30F812" box="[1008,1173,1900,1929]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF67189753393FECEF7BF" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF67189753393FECEF7BF" blockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF67189753393FF54F82B" bold="true" box="[107,241,1935,1968]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
A female
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF67188953393FD96F82B" box="[395,563,1935,1968]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
Masked Flying Fox captured in July on
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718D663393FA85F82B" box="[1144,1312,1935,1968]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
was post-lactating; a second captured in August was carrying a young that was deposited on a tree when disturbed. Estrogenic lactation, probably dysfunctional, has been reported in males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF67189763C31FD91F707" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF67189763C31FD91F707" blockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF67189763C31FEF0F7D5" bold="true" box="[104,341,2093,2126]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF671887C3C31FDADF7D5" box="[354,520,2093,2126]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
Masked Flying Foxes are nocturnal and roostin foliage of mid-stories. One individual was encountered roosting under leaves of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718DB93C48FEEEF707" class="Liliopsida" family="Heliconiaceae" genus="Heliconia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Heliconia (Heliconiaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF67188963C63FD95F707" box="[392,560,2175,2204]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF67189743CBFFC67F688" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF67189743CBFFC67F688" blockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF67189743CBFFC91F75F" bold="true" box="[106,820,2211,2244]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718A5D3CBFFC4EF75F" box="[835,1003,2211,2244]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
Masked Flying Foxes seem to roost alone, in pairs, or in small family groups. They emit birdlike trills that might serve as a mother—infant, or within-family, contact call.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF67189743D06FE53F643" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF67189743D06FE53F643" blockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF67189743D06FE69F6A0" bold="true" box="[106,460,2330,2363]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The 2010 assessment included former subspecies (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718D153D5DFB32F6F9" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[1035,1175,2369,2402]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="capistratus">capistratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF9FF6718DFC3D5DFF35F611" authorityName="Flannery & White" authorityYear="1991" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ennisae">ennisae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and thus needs revision. The
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF9FF6718B223D75FD45F611" box="[572,736,2409,2442]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
Masked Flying Fox appears to be uncommon. Widespread habitat loss is a threat, but some degree of tolerance toward habitat disturbance has been noted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF9FF67189773DF4FD7FF5B3" pageId="91" pageNumber="149" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF9FF67189773DF4FD7FF5B3" blockId="91.[104,1319,869,2600]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF9FF67189773DF4FEA7F59A" bold="true" box="[105,258,2536,2561]" pageId="91" pageNumber="149">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Andersen (1912b), Bonaccorso (1998), Flannery (1995a), Flannery & White (1991), Hamilton et al. (2010), Racey, D.N. et al. (2009), Smith & Hood (1981).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |