592 lines
59 KiB
XML
592 lines
59 KiB
XML
<document id="BDEFFC3A57E0520EFD7880C3DF3E50D7" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.405.2.5" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13715001" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725647010093" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bernal, Rodrigo, Castaño, Felipe & Sanín, María José" docDate="2019" docId="03907E27FFDE5338FF098CF53415FE4E" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.405.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 405 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.405.2.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Aiphanes suaita R. Bernal, Sanin & Castano 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="105" masterDocId="FFA9065FFFDF533CFF818C183142FFB3" masterDocTitle="A new, overlooked species of Aiphanes (Arecaceae) from Santander, Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="105" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="102" updateTime="1725648615774" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1C2B916CC7E5FA1B3E82042B2D69A345">
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<mods:title id="436BB55E3CAA5C5A7785D5C7DB89C142">A new, overlooked species of Aiphanes (Arecaceae) from Santander, Colombia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8BFCE04D5032E9C13264E4B3F28BC382" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3A39A91E5020A9BA0AEEE30A9C5C92ED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1ADC8D2C7435D2CF18F77176F73C4F5B">Bernal, Rodrigo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6AB40CE728973B828F851BEDC39A997E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8793056F730DEEE5495FB7C6F120920A">Castaño, Felipe</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="72EE7E4199AD7FDAD717729C1A268FD1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D254D445C2D8FB97D7866314232552F3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B7FBD9B4EACFB20D53708BD2254CAEAF">Sanín, María José</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AA6258F57D48A8839406ADD72E93C88B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="321F8526663B7726555A61C01BF84E6A">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="34C1DC395DD53B159B66A03F7EFEE98F">
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<mods:date id="D90FC177D34FA9DA1E7B48288F04AC2D">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8771182D97BF92AA2EAD93FDEF35D6E4">2019-05-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1DD2D7C5E89C10D00DDB2FB53591858C">405</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E1E9318322EF4F7979410769F9784E5C" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="118CE30459124FD8073DDD78719ED01A">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="EE2C6EFDD5107FA4A2F5A7F87A27E621">101</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="2C67E0DE61C8D4FD74ACFD1D9E2CFC35">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.405.2.5</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="408F97E972A710D8389761BF25EA21B1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="7EB58845BB3113AA34F42537DDE7A19E" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.405.2.5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BEDA72CD8AB827FB16F264C7982E7E09" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="29419810B818368A484584EE82216E6B" type="Zenodo-Dep">13715001</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03907E27FFDE5338FF098CF53415FE4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03907E27FFDE5338FF098CF53415FE4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03907E27FFDE5338FF098CF53415FE4E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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<subSubSection id="C3239CBAFFDE533DFF098CF533B8FEBB" box="[136,762,237,264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDE533DFF098CF533B8FEBB" blockId="1.[136,1452,237,334]" box="[136,762,237,264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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<heading id="D0CE785DFFDE533DFF098CF533B8FEBB" bold="true" box="[136,762,237,264]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFF098CF533B8FEBB" bold="true" box="[136,762,237,264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDE533DFF098CF533DAFEBB" ID-CoL="8X86F" authority="R. Bernal, Sanin & Castano" authorityName="R. Bernal, Sanin & Castano" authorityYear="2019" box="[136,664,237,264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFF098CF53000FEB4" bold="true" box="[136,322,237,264]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Aiphanes suaita</emphasis>
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R. Bernal, Sanín & Castaño
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFD258CF633B8FEBB" bold="true" box="[676,762,238,264]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27EAE58FFDE533DFD258CF633B8FEBB" box="[676,762,238,264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3239CBAFFDE533DFF098D0D3507FEFD" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDE533DFF098D0D3507FEFD" blockId="1.[136,1452,237,334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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<materialsCitation id="3B51C56CFFDE533DFF098D0D3503FEFD" collectingDate="2018-03-04" collectionCode="UIS, FMB" collectorName="de Suaita & de San Jose & La Lajita" country="Colombia" elevation="1694" latitude="6.177275" location="Municipio de Suaita" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.43047" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Santander" typeStatus="holotype">
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Type:—
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<collectingCountry id="F32E8FA1FFDE533DFF578D0D3018FE99" box="[214,346,277,298]" name="Colombia" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="49FD01D3FFDE533DFEE38D0D3086FE99" box="[354,452,277,298]" country="Colombia" name="Santander" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Santander</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location id="8EE699EAFFDE533DFE4D8D0D33D2FE99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03907E27FFDE5338FF098CF53415FE4E:8EE699EAFFDE533DFE4D8D0D33D2FE99" box="[460,656,277,298]" country="Colombia" latitude="6.177275" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.43047" name="Municipio de Suaita" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" stateProvince="Santander">
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Municipio
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<collectorName id="26CCAAE7FFDE533DFDB78D0D33D2FE99" box="[566,656,277,298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">de Suaita</collectorName>
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</location>
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, corregimiento
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<collectorName id="26CCAAE7FFDE533DFCA48D0D32D6FE99" box="[805,916,277,298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">de San José</collectorName>
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de
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<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDE533DFC348D0D3526FE99" authority=", La Meseta" authorityName="La Meseta" box="[949,1124,277,298]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">Suaita, La Meseta</taxonomicName>
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, quebrada
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<collectorName id="26CCAAE7FFDE533DFB4B8D0D3461FE99" box="[1226,1315,277,298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">La Lajita</collectorName>
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,
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||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFAAD8D0D3436FE99" box="[1324,1396,277,298]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.694" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="m" value="1694.0">
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<elevation id="00142802FFDE533DFAAD8D0D3436FE99" box="[1324,1396,277,298]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.694" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="m" value="1694.0">1694 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
elev.,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0DA9F6FFDE533DFF3C8D213078FEFD" box="[189,314,313,334]" degrees="6.177275" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" precision="1" value="6.177275">
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||
6.177275
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<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFE968D213063FEFD" bold="true" box="[279,289,313,334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">°</emphasis>
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N
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0DA9F6FFDE533DFEC58D213086FEFD" box="[324,452,313,334]" degrees="73. 43047" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" precision="1" value="-73.43047">
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73.43047
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<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFE1F8D2130EAFEFD" bold="true" box="[414,424,313,334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">°</emphasis>
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W
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FF87E9F1FFDE533DFE4F8D213315FEFD" box="[462,599,313,334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" value="2018-03-04">
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<collectingDate id="EFC31019FFDE533DFE4F8D213315FEFD" box="[462,599,313,334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" value="2018-03-04">4 March 2018</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFDE08D21325FFEFD" box="[609,797,313,334]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Castaño et al. 1849</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54827193FFDE533DFCA88D21323DFEFD" box="[809,895,313,334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2857F4FFDE533DFC048D2132EDFEFD" box="[901,943,313,334]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14346" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14346" name="Universidad Industrial de Santander" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="Herbarium">UIS</collectionCode>
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;
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||
<typeStatus id="54827193FFDE533DFC398D2132BFFEFD" box="[952,1021,313,334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED2857F4FFDE533DFB828D213578FEFD" box="[1027,1082,313,334]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13314" name="Instituto Alexander von Humboldt" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="Herbarium">FMB</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3239CBAFFDE533DFF098D6F3180FAD9" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDE533DFF098D6F320FFE49" blockId="1.[136,1452,375,2090]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFF098D6F31B9FE23" bold="true" box="[136,251,375,400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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:—
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<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDE533DFE9E8D6F309BFE23" box="[287,473,375,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
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<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFE9E8D6F309BFE23" box="[287,473,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Aiphanes suaita</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDE533DFDE78D6F3270FE23" box="[614,818,375,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplex">
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<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFDE78D6F3270FE23" box="[614,818,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Aiphanes simplex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its small size, short, cuneate pinnae, and spicate inflorescence. However, it differs from that species in its solitary stem,
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<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFC268D83329FFE07" box="[935,989,411,436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
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diam. (vs. stems densely cespitose, up to 20 per plant,
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<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE9E8DA63037FE64" box="[287,373,446,471]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">
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||
1
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||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFEAC8DD8307FFE65" box="[301,317,448,470]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
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||
2 cm
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||
</quantity>
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diam.), the dark brown spines on the leaf sheath and the petiole (vs. yellowish spines), and the arrangement of the staminate flowers on the inflorescence axis.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDE533DFF3C8E1C3180FAD9" blockId="1.[136,1452,375,2090]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
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Stem solitary,
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||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFEDF8E1C30E5FDAE" box="[350,423,516,541]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">
|
||
1
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFEED8E1E303EFDAF" box="[364,380,518,540]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
2 m
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||
</quantity>
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||
tall,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE5E8E1C3354FDAE" box="[479,534,516,541]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
diam., armed with black spines to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFC1D8E1C3291FDAE" box="[924,979,516,541]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
|
||
long. Leaves 8; sheath
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||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFB5A8E1C3462FDAE" box="[1243,1312,516,541]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="22.0">22 cm</quantity>
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||
long, with a dark brown indumentum, densely covered with flattened dark brown spines
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||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFC608E3F3574FDF3" box="[993,1078,551,576]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">
|
||
2
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||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFC6E8E3132BDFD8C" box="[1007,1023,553,575]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
4 cm
|
||
</quantity>
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||
long; petiole
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||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFB538E3F3458FDF3" box="[1234,1306,551,576]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="22.0">22 cm</quantity>
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||
, canaliculate above, armed with dark brown spines to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFDD08E5333CAFDD7" box="[593,648,587,612]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
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||
long, sparcely covered with a brown indumentum and short spines to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFA1F8E5331F6FD34" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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||
long; rachis
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||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFEC98E7630D3FD34" box="[328,401,622,647]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="80.0">80 cm</quantity>
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||
, with indumentum and armature like the petiole; pinnae 12
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFBB18E683502FD35" box="[1072,1088,624,646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
13 per side, in groups of 2 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFA058E6834D6FD35" box="[1412,1428,624,646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
5) separated by gaps
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFED58E893086FD19" box="[340,452,657,682]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="15.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="13.0">
|
||
13
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFEF18E8B30C2FD1A" box="[368,384,659,681]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
17 cm
|
||
</quantity>
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||
long, arranged in several planes, cuneate to broadly cuneate, 1.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFB128E8B35E1FD1A" box="[1171,1187,659,681]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
5 times as long as wide, praemorse at apex, truncate to deeply incised, with an up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFCC48EAC323DFD7E" box="[837,895,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
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||
long finger-like projection on the distal margin, strongly plicate along secondary veins, dark green adaxially, abaxially light green and covered with scattered setae ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFF098EE3319FFCA7" box="[136,221,763,788]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, and a floccose, white indumentum, with up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFCA48EE33219FCA7" box="[805,859,763,788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
|
||
long black spines on the midrib; basal pinnae 8
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFAEA8EE53439FCA0" box="[1387,1403,765,787]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
14 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFF098F063049FC84" box="[136,267,798,823]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="3.5">
|
||
3.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFF2A8F3831F9FC85" box="[171,187,800,822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
6.5 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; middle pinnae 12
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFE588F3830ABFC85" box="[473,489,800,822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
20 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFDA08F063338FC84" box="[545,634,798,823]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">
|
||
5
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFDAE8F38337DFC85" box="[559,575,800,822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
7 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; apical pinnae 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFCAE8F38327DFC85" box="[815,831,800,822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
2 ribbed, 9
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFC368F383285FC85" box="[951,967,800,822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
15 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFC7E8F0635C3FC84" box="[1023,1153,798,823]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="3.5">
|
||
3.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFBA38F383570FC85" box="[1058,1074,800,822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
5.5 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, as broad as the remaining pinnae. Inflorescence erect, projected beyond leaves, spicate; prophyll green, 16
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFB948F5B3567FCEA" box="[1045,1061,835,857]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
25 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFBDE8F5935A0FCE9" box="[1119,1250,833,858]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">
|
||
1.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFB038F5B35D0FCEA" box="[1154,1170,835,857]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
2.5 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, sparsely covered with brown spines up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE1C8F7C30BEFCCE" box="[413,508,868,893]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">
|
||
3
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFE2A8F7E30F9FCCF" box="[427,443,870,892]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
4 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long; peduncular bract light brown,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFC178F7C3556FCCE" box="[918,1044,868,893]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="89.0" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="68.0">
|
||
68
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFC338F7E3280FCCF" box="[946,962,870,892]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
110 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFBDA8F7C3587FCCE" box="[1115,1221,868,893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">
|
||
1
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFBE88F7E353BFCCF" box="[1129,1145,870,892]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
1.5 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
wide, armed toward base with scattered spines ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE5C8F9F337FFC13" box="[477,573,903,928]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">
|
||
5
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFE6A8F9130B9FC2C" box="[491,507,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
6 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long; peduncle
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFD728F9F3227FC13" box="[755,869,903,928]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" metricValueMax="9.7" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="67.0" valueMax="97.0" valueMin="37.0">
|
||
37
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFC8E8F91325DFC2C" box="[783,799,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
97 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFC2F8F9F354FFC13" box="[942,1037,903,928]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">
|
||
3
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFC3D8F91328EFC2C" box="[956,972,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
5 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
diam. at junction with spike, striate, armed with
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE8C8FB3303DFC77" box="[269,383,939,964]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long brown spines, which are shorter and denser distally; spike
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFBCA8FB335FEFC77" box="[1099,1212,939,964]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="cm" value="30.5" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="24.0">
|
||
24
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFBE68FB53535FC70" box="[1127,1143,941,963]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">−</emphasis>
|
||
37 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFA838FB3341DFC77" box="[1282,1375,939,964]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam., with brown spinules; flower triads in the proximal ½, the rest with staminate flowers arranged in dyads; triads slightly sunken into the rachis, each subtended by a
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFDFA8FE933FFFBB9" box="[635,701,1009,1034]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long bract with entire margins, which does not cover the pistillate flower before anthesis; dyads superficial, each subtended by a similar, smaller bract. Staminate flowers white, wider than long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFF7C882F307FFBE3" box="[253,317,1079,1104]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE03882F3080FBE3" box="[386,450,1079,1104]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, their axis perpendicular to that of the spike, apically compressed in bud; sepals free, imbricate, membranaceous, orbicular, cucullate, keeled,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFC878843320AFBC7" box="[774,840,1115,1140]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFC1088433546FBC7" box="[913,1028,1115,1140]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; petals connate for ca. 1/3 their length and adnate to the filaments towards the base, valvate, thick, ovoid, obtuse,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFB9A88663533FB24" box="[1051,1137,1150,1175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFB36886635BAFB24" box="[1207,1272,1150,1175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; filaments white, subulate, fleshy,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE1988B930B2FB09" box="[408,496,1185,1210]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; anthers slightly broader than long, dorsifixed,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFBD088B935E8FB09" box="[1105,1194,1185,1210]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; pistillode trifid. Pistillate flowers
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFECA88DC30C9FB6E" box="[331,395,1220,1245]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, sunken for ½ their length; sepals free, broadly ovoid, membranaceous, strongly concave, lacerate, enclosing petals for 3/5,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFD8188FF331FFAB3" box="[512,605,1255,1280]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFD2288FF33BDFAB3" box="[675,767,1255,1280]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; petals connate for 2/3 their length,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFB5188FF3453FAB3" box="[1232,1297,1255,1280]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, the free portion reflexed, obtuse; staminodial cup
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFDD4891333D7FA97" box="[597,661,1291,1316]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, fleshy, remotely dentate, basally adnate to the petals; pistil ovoid,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFF098936318AFAF4" box="[136,200,1326,1351]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE8C8936300FFAF4" box="[269,333,1326,1351]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, glabrous, with three apical lobes. Fruits globose, purple to red when ripe,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFB4589363462FAF4" box="[1220,1312,1326,1351]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1302D3B4FFDE533DFAF2893631F7FAD9" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,2026,2047]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1278,1299]" captionTargetBox-0="[177,1418,211,1972]" captionTargetBox-1="[186,1400,219,1225]" captionTargetId-0="figure-16@2.[151,1437,187,1998]" captionTargetId-1="figure-14@3.[151,1436,190,1253]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Aiphanes suaita.A.Habit (Castaño et al.2050), El Carmen de Chucurí, Santander, Colombia. B. Leaf apex and infructescence. C. Detail of pinnae (Bernal et al. 4815), San José de Suaita, Santander, Colombia." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Aiphanes suaita. A. Detail of spike, with staminate flowers at anthesis. B. Immature fruits (Bernal et al. 4815). San José de Suaita, Santander, Colombia." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13715003" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13715007" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13715003/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13715007/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3239CBAFFDE533DFF3C896C3190F799" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDE533DFF3C896C343CFA67" blockId="1.[136,1452,375,2090]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFF3C896C30A3FA3E" bold="true" box="[189,481,1396,1421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
||
:—Endemic to the western side of the Eastern Cordillera of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E8FA1FFDE533DFB00896C35B0FA3E" box="[1153,1266,1396,1421]" name="Colombia" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where only two reduced populations,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFEFD898F3087FA03" box="[380,453,1431,1456]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="km" value="56.0">56 km</quantity>
|
||
apart, have been located so far, both in the department of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FD01D3FFDE533DFBE9898F3598FA03" box="[1128,1242,1431,1456]" country="Colombia" name="Santander" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Santander</collectingRegion>
|
||
, in well preserved primary to secondary, wet premontane forests, frequently associated to water streams, between 1600 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFAA389A33438FA67" box="[1314,1402,1467,1492]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDE533DFF3C89C63190F799" blockId="1.[136,1452,375,2090]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFF3C89C630E9FA44" bold="true" box="[189,427,1502,1527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Conservation status</emphasis>
|
||
:—Only two isolated populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDE533DFCC489C632EAFA44" box="[837,936,1502,1527]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFCC489C632EAFA44" box="[837,936,1502,1527]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">A. suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been documented, with few individuals. The first population, composed of about 50 individuals, is located in a small forested area of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFB388A1935B3F9A9" box="[1209,1265,1537,1562]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C4C6279FFDE533DFB7089E735BBF9BE" attach="left" box="[1265,1273,1535,1549]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">2</superScript>
|
||
near the village of San José de Suaita. Although the area is managed as a reserve by a private NGO, it is one of the last premontane forests still remaining in this region, and is under continuous pressure from local people. Moreover, the area of the reserve is currently for sale. Thus, its future is uncertain. The second population, located near El Carmen de Chucurí, about
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFF4E8A96305AF914" box="[207,280,1678,1703]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="km" value="56.0">56 km</quantity>
|
||
north of the latter, is found on the western slopes of the Serranía de Los Yariguíes, a mountain massif derived from the Eastern Cordillera. Most of the massif is within the Serranía de Los Yariguíes National Park, which preserves about
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFEBF8ACC30D1F95E" box="[318,403,1748,1773]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="km" value="600.0">600 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C4C6279FFDE533DFE128ACB30D9F952" attach="left" box="[403,411,1747,1761]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">2</superScript>
|
||
of premontane to montane wet forests and paramo. The five individuals found were growing just outside the national park, in a private area of primary forest. Although a stable population is probably found inside the park, no individuals were recorded during a two-week exploration of the area. The remnant forests adjacent to the national park are the focus of human activities such as colonization for agriculture and the establishment of pastures for cattle. The two known locations define a narrow triangle with base
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFB898B793512F8C9" box="[1032,1104,1889,1914]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="km" value="56.0">56 km</quantity>
|
||
long and height
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFA8C8B79341CF8C9" box="[1293,1374,1889,1914]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="km" value="2.8">2.8 km</quantity>
|
||
, for an extent of occurrence (EOO) of
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE6B8B9C3305F82E" box="[490,583,1924,1949]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.76" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="km" value="77.6">77.6 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C4C6279FFDE533DFDC68B9B330DF822" attach="left" box="[583,591,1923,1937]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">2</superScript>
|
||
and an AOO of
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFC8D8B9C3216F82E" box="[780,852,1924,1949]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C4C6279FFDE533DFCD58B9B321EF822" attach="left" box="[852,860,1923,1937]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">2</superScript>
|
||
. Under this scenario, and considering the extremely narrow polygon of the EOO, we used the AOO as the defining criterion.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDE533DFC468BBF3539F873" box="[967,1147,1959,1984]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDE533DFC468BBF3539F873" box="[967,1147,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Aiphanes suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should then be considered as Endangered (EN), based on the IUCN (2012) categories, following the criteria B2ab (ii): area of occupancy (AOO) estimated to be less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDE533DFE258BF630B8F7B4" box="[420,506,2030,2055]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C4C6279FFDE533DFE7B8BF43340F849" attach="left" box="[506,514,2028,2042]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">2</superScript>
|
||
(B2), severely fragmented habitat (a), continuous decline of the area of occupancy [b(ii)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF469FB9FFDD533EFF098BF232DFF790" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13715003" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13715003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13715003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" startId="2.[136,229,2026,2047]" targetBox="[177,1418,211,1972]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDD533EFF098BF232DFF790" blockId="2.[136,1453,2026,2083]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDD533EFF098BF231BEF84C" bold="true" box="[136,252,2026,2047]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDD533EFE808BF230D8F84C" box="[257,410,2026,2047]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDD533EFE808BF230D8F84C" box="[257,410,2026,2047]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Aiphanes suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Habit (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDD533EFD818BF233F6F84C" box="[512,692,2026,2047]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Castaño et al.2050</emphasis>
|
||
), El Carmen de Chucurí, Santander, Colombia. B. Leaf apex and infructescence. C. Detail of pinnae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDD533EFECC841630B8F790" box="[333,506,2062,2083]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Bernal et al. 4815</emphasis>
|
||
), San José de Suaita, Santander, Colombia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF469FB9FFDC533FFF0988E630E3FA84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13715007" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13715007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13715007/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" startId="3.[136,229,1278,1299]" targetBox="[186,1400,219,1225]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDC533FFF0988E630E3FA84" blockId="3.[136,1452,1278,1335]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFF0988E631BCFAA0" bold="true" box="[136,254,1278,1299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFE8588E630DDFAA0" box="[260,415,1278,1299]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFE8588E630DDFAA0" box="[260,415,1278,1299]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Aiphanes suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Detail of spike, with staminate flowers at anthesis. B. Immature fruits (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFBF688E63464FAA0" box="[1143,1318,1278,1299]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Bernal et al. 4815</emphasis>
|
||
). San José de Suaita, Santander, Colombia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3239CBAFFDC533FFF3C897F30B5F9CF" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDC533FFF3C897F30E9FA7B" blockId="3.[136,1458,1383,2092]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFF3C897F307CFA33" bold="true" box="[189,318,1383,1408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
:—The epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFE6B897F336CFA33" box="[490,558,1383,1408]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFE6B897F336CFA33" box="[490,558,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a noun used in apposition. It is the name of the municipality where the new species was first located, the same name that the aboriginal village of the Guane Indians had at the time of the Spanish invasion (Pita Pico 2013).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDC533FFF3C89CB30B5F9CF" blockId="3.[136,1458,1383,2092]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFF3C89CB3082FA5F" bold="true" box="[189,448,1491,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Additional specimens</emphasis>
|
||
:—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B51C56CFFDC533FFE6089CB358BF9A3" collectingDate="2001-07-30" collectionCode="COL" collectorName="de Suaita & de San Jose" country="Colombia" elevation="1800" latitude="6.1666665" location="Municipio de Suaita" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-73.45" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santander">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E8FA1FFDC533FFE6089CB333FFA5F" box="[481,637,1491,1516]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FD01D3FFDC533FFD0B89CB33BEFA5F" box="[650,764,1491,1516]" country="Colombia" name="Santander" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Santander</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE699EAFFDC533FFC8889CB32B6FA5F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03907E27FFDE5338FF098CF53415FE4E:8EE699EAFFDC533FFC8889CB32B6FA5F" box="[777,1012,1491,1516]" country="Colombia" latitude="6.1666665" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-73.45" name="Municipio de Suaita" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" stateProvince="Santander">
|
||
Municipio
|
||
<collectorName id="26CCAAE7FFDC533FFC0689CB32B6FA5F" box="[903,1012,1491,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">de Suaita</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
, corregimiento
|
||
<collectorName id="26CCAAE7FFDC533FFB2889CB3472FA5F" box="[1193,1328,1491,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">de San José</collectorName>
|
||
de
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFADF89CB3001F9A3" authority=", La Meseta, 1700" authorityName="La Meseta" authorityYear="1700" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
Suaita, La Meseta,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDC533FFE8A89EF3001F9A3" box="[267,323,1527,1552]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1800.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00142802FFDC533FFE8A89EF3001F9A3" box="[267,323,1527,1552]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1800.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1700.0">1700</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–1900 m elev., ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0DA9F6FFDC533FFD9789EF3333F9A3" box="[534,625,1527,1552]" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" precision="925" value="6.1666665">
|
||
6
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFDA589EF336DF9A3" bold="true" box="[548,559,1527,1552]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">°</emphasis>
|
||
10’N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0DA9F6FFDC533FFDFC89EF33AEF9A3" box="[637,748,1527,1552]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" precision="925" value="-73.45">
|
||
73
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFD1B89EF33E7F9A3" bold="true" box="[666,677,1527,1552]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">°</emphasis>
|
||
27’W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF87E9F1FFDC533FFD7689EF32C8F9A3" box="[759,906,1527,1552]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="2001-07-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC31019FFDC533FFD7689EF32C8F9A3" box="[759,906,1527,1552]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="2001-07-30">30 July 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFC1489EF3536F9A3" box="[917,1140,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Galeano et al. 6883</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2857F4FFDC533FFB0289EF3583F9A3" box="[1155,1217,1527,1552]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" name="Universidad Nacional de Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">COL</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B51C56CFFDC533FFB5589EF32CDF987" collectingDate="2012-08-07" collectionCode="COL" collectorName="de Suaita & de San Jose" country="Colombia" elevation="1678" latitude="6.17516" location="Municipio de Suaita" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.42614" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santander">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFB5589EF3442F9A3" box="[1236,1280,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ibid</emphasis>
|
||
.,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDC533FFA9489EF3428F9A3" box="[1301,1386,1527,1552]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.678" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1678.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00142802FFDC533FFA9489EF3428F9A3" box="[1301,1386,1527,1552]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.678" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1678.0">1678 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0DA9F6FFDC533FFF098A03304EF987" box="[136,268,1563,1588]" degrees="6.17516" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" precision="1" value="6.17516">6.17516º N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0DA9F6FFDC533FFE988A0330ECF987" box="[281,430,1563,1588]" degrees="73.42614" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" precision="1" value="-73.42614">73.42614º W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF87E9F1FFDC533FFE3B8A033326F987" box="[442,612,1563,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="2012-08-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC31019FFDC533FFE3B8A033326F987" box="[442,612,1563,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="2012-08-07">7 August 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFDF08A033203F987" box="[625,833,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Bernal et al. 4815</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2857F4FFDC533FFCC88A0332C5F987" box="[841,903,1563,1588]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15629" name="Universidad Nacional de Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">COL</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B51C56CFFDC533FFC1D8A0330B1F9CF" collectingDate="2018-02" collectingDateMax="2018-04" collectingDateMin="2018-02" collectionCode="UIS" collectorName="Castano" country="Colombia" elevation="1667" latitude="6.67956" location="Vereda la Bodega" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.46122" municipality="Municipio de El Carmen de Chucuri" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santander">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFC1D8A03328AF987" box="[924,968,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ibid</emphasis>
|
||
.,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDC533FFC5F8A033577F987" box="[990,1077,1563,1588]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6669999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1667.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00142802FFDC533FFC5F8A033577F987" box="[990,1077,1563,1588]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6669999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1667.0">1667 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<date id="FF87E9F1FFDC533FFB018A0335BDF987" box="[1152,1279,1563,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="2018-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC31019FFDC533FFB018A0335BDF987" box="[1152,1279,1563,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="2018-04">April 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFA8A8A033182F9EB" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<collectorName id="26CCAAE7FFDC533FFA8A8A03342AF987" box="[1291,1384,1563,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Castaño</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 2137
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2857F4FFDC533FFF4F8A273042F9EB" box="[206,256,1599,1624]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14346" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14346" name="Universidad Industrial de Santander" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">UIS</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2554BFFDC533FFE938A2733E5F9EB" box="[274,679,1599,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Municipio de El Carmen de Chucurí</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE699EAFFDC533FFD308A273234F9EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03907E27FFDE5338FF098CF53415FE4E:8EE699EAFFDC533FFD308A273234F9EB" box="[689,886,1599,1624]" country="Colombia" latitude="6.67956" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.46122" municipality="Municipio de El Carmen de Chucuri" name="Vereda la Bodega" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Vereda la Bodega</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDC533FFC008A273297F9EB" box="[897,981,1599,1624]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.789" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1789.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00142802FFDC533FFC008A273297F9EB" box="[897,981,1599,1624]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.789" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="m" value="1789.0">1789 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0DA9F6FFDC533FFB9A8A2735DCF9EB" box="[1051,1182,1599,1624]" degrees="6.67956" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" precision="1" value="6.67956">
|
||
6.67956
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFBF78A2735C3F9EB" bold="true" box="[1142,1153,1599,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">°</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0DA9F6FFDC533FFB298A27347FF9EB" box="[1192,1341,1599,1624]" degrees="73.46122" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" precision="1" value="-73.46122">
|
||
73.46122
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFA908A27345EF9EB" bold="true" box="[1297,1308,1599,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">°</emphasis>
|
||
W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF87E9F1FFDC533FFAC78A273181F9CF" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="2018-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC31019FFDC533FFAC78A273181F9CF" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="2018-02">February 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFF4F8A7B30EBF9CF" box="[206,425,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Castaño et al. 2050</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2857F4FFDC533FFE388A7B30A9F9CF" box="[441,491,1635,1660]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14346" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14346" name="Universidad Industrial de Santander" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">UIS</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3239CBAFFDC5338FF3C8A9F3415FE4E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDC533FFF3C8A9F35D1F8CB" blockId="3.[136,1458,1383,2092]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFF3C8A9F3079F913" bold="true" box="[189,315,1671,1696]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
:—The arrangement of the staminate flowers on the inflorescence axis was already noted by Galeano & Bernal (2002) as a character separating the plants from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FD01D3FFDC533FFC9C8AB332CFF977" box="[797,909,1707,1732]" country="Colombia" name="Santander" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Santander</collectingRegion>
|
||
from typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFBA68AB335DFF977" box="[1063,1181,1707,1732]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFBA68AB335DFF977" box="[1063,1181,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">A. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFB4A8AB3346DF977" box="[1227,1327,1707,1732]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFB4A8AB3346DF977" box="[1227,1327,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">A. suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the flower axis is perpendicular to the inflorescence axis, so that the flowers are compressed along their longitudinal axis in bud, and appear triangular, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFD868AEB333FF8BF" box="[519,637,1779,1804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFD868AEB333FF8BF" box="[519,637,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">A. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the staminate flowers in each triad are appressed to the rachilla axis, so that in bud they are laterally compressed and appear elongate. Additionally, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFB9A8B0F35C3F883" box="[1051,1153,1815,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFB9A8B0F35C3F883" box="[1051,1153,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">A. suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the bracts subtending the flower triads are short, with smooth margins, and they do not cover the pistillate bud. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFB078B2335BFF8E7" box="[1158,1277,1851,1876]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFB078B2335BFF8E7" box="[1158,1277,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">A. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the subtending bracts are large, with spinulose margins, and they cover the pistillate bud almost completely.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDC533FFF3C8B9B32F7F79F" blockId="3.[136,1458,1383,2092]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
A molecular phylogenetic study of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFD3E8B9B3265F82F" box="[703,807,1923,1948]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFD3E8B9B3265F82F" box="[703,807,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Aiphanes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Sanín
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFCFE8B9B32FAF82F" box="[895,952,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, unpublished) recovers
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFB468B9B3469F82F" box="[1223,1323,1923,1948]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFB468B9B3469F82F" box="[1223,1323,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">A. suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFF098BBF3061F873" box="[136,291,1959,1984]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiostachys">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFF098BBF3061F873" box="[136,291,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">A. leiostachys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species restricted to a small area in the northern end of the Central Cordillera, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDC533FFB508BBF3467F873" box="[1233,1317,1959,1984]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="km" value="170.0">170 km</quantity>
|
||
west across the deep
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FD01D3FFDC533FFF6D8BD3302AF857" box="[236,360,1995,2020]" country="Colombia" name="Magdalena" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Magdalena</collectingRegion>
|
||
River valley. Both species have pinnae that are strongly plicate along the secondary veins, and an incised, V-shaped pinna apex. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFDD48BF733B3F7BB" box="[597,753,2031,2056]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiostachys">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFDD48BF733B3F7BB" box="[597,753,2031,2056]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">A. leiostachys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has inflorescences with numerous rachillae that are glabrous, in contrast with the spicate, densely spinulose inflorescence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDC533FFCCB840B32EFF79F" box="[842,941,2067,2092]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDC533FFCCB840B32EFF79F" box="[842,941,2067,2092]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">A. suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDB5338FF3C8CB83276FEDE" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
|
||
When Galeano & Bernal (2002) treated the specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FD01D3FFDB5338FCCE8CB832FDFF0A" box="[847,959,160,185]" country="Colombia" name="Santander" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Santander</collectingRegion>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDB5338FC618CB83516FF0A" box="[992,1108,160,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDB5338FC618CB83516FF0A" box="[992,1108,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, they also discussed specimens from the department of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FD01D3FFDB5338FE138CDC30B3FF6E" box="[402,497,196,221]" country="Colombia" name="Caqueta" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Caquetá</collectingRegion>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC162D4FFDB5338FDA28CDC333AFF6E" box="[547,632,196,221]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" unit="km" value="550.0">550 km</quantity>
|
||
southwest of Suaita, along the Eastern Cordillera. These specimens have not been sequenced to date and their actual affinity is unknown. Morphologically, they appear to be more closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDB5338FF7B8D143033FE96" box="[250,369,268,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDB5338FF7B8D143033FE96" box="[250,369,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDB5338FE4E8D143371FE96" box="[463,563,268,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suaita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDB5338FE4E8D143371FE96" box="[463,563,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. suaita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because of their slender, cespitose stems and the yellowish spines on the leaf sheath. The biogeographical meaning of related microendemics occurring on the northern tips of the Central and Eastern Cordilleras is a topic that should be further explored.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86CF31FFDB5338FF3C8D603415FE4E" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
|
||
The etymology of the generic name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39B4B2FFDB5338FDE08D60338BFE22" box="[609,713,376,401]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Aiphanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDB5338FDE08D60338BFE22" box="[609,713,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Aiphanes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
alludes to conspicuity (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDB5338FC5F8D6032B6FE22" box="[990,1012,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">ai</emphasis>
|
||
=always,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D1323FFDB5338FBEB8D6035FBFE22" box="[1130,1209,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">phanes</emphasis>
|
||
= evident). However, these understory palms are usually inconspicuous in the forest, and their identity is often cryptic. The recent taxonomic novelties in the genus highlight the need for a closer and deeper look at morphology, and stress the importance of its reciprocal illumination with molecular phylogenetics for discovering overlooked differences between species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |