382 lines
50 KiB
XML
382 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="23643" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.917.47444" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7b9dca9-5a9e-47f0-b602-7f7db56b637b" ID-PMC="PMC7076062" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-917-15" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3706DF8590285003B48B90E375F04875" ID-PubMed="32206016" ID-ZooBank="75B05B61939544E995BCAE945C2D3B83" ModsDocID="1313-2970-917-15" checkinTime="1583773843763" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Korshunova, Tatiana, Malmberg, Klas, Prkic, Jakov, Petani, Alen, Fletcher, Karin, Lundin, Kennet & Martynov, Alexander" docDate="2020" docId="860DEC1EAB9B5995AD2D5B84C476B584" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 917: 15-50" docOrigin="ZooKeys 917" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.917.47444" docTitle="Amphorina viriola Korshunova & Malmberg & Prkić & Petani & Fletcher & Lundin & Martynov 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="D56F2608-384E-4C02-9BD0-8B66A679A4A9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="3706DF8590285003B48B90E375F04875" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="3706DF8590285003B48B90E375F04875" masterDocTitle="Fine-scale species delimitation: speciation in process and periodic patterns in nudibranch diversity" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1720471121146" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods id="75A20BBE7099E41CC4E771D9B491C2A2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="FB38D89492918ADF25187D1EC4331208">
|
|
<mods:title id="A19E2F7BBE7F41EF227815ACE9FB109A">Fine-scale species delimitation: speciation in process and periodic patterns in nudibranch diversity</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="94BC574AA1FEDD20DDF8592306A514AD" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="91A6F8FDDFF8DC1C6406E64716D46723">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="D9DEBD03D37DF8A50E0528E74A5175C6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="F6FCD02BFFC45A014D929B68A4D1732F">Korshunova, Tatiana</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="92E8AB291FF77BDC0D58B8045BA0B6BA" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="51E20817B4B58156D068A84A82AC3D3E">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="2D15497800765F141E4B5D7EA2BC41A2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="456EB69B9F4101769751A0DD81E60270">Malmberg, Klas</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="87ECD961494F565C41D2D6E0BE85700B" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="C5B1F9C6DB94EC113E56A50BDC37AD32">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="13732BB4744EA94915EC65E009BC01D9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="5D31A3FF4D0BFC4643175AFA35AE1E9C">Prkic, Jakov</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="1C31118AFECBC19B6B21D97FFF65554D" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="06BA87FA08280D16FAB74151B090B961">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="620B2179C0B8F1C87E1C6BBAB353F134">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="587FDD675FFB60431A5D6286E7DFDF76">Petani, Alen</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="56EA6A0561A4346D02509CB1D3F23236" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="FD90776B5BFC96949F46B22DE59C5350">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="A245EA5E50AFE59D6ABB745CEA412C49">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="BAA6C5D89B587A75236F9D4B69BCADC9">Fletcher, Karin</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="C66DEA55E475B71D1DB3D3C0CD02114B" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="7B44DA2EEABBFE03EBCE96AF16CF59AD">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="04BB8AA387E8607B80CEBEA87C18ADBC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="2425E95A11800D7B3D25A84C595DC5E5">Lundin, Kennet</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="DD8B266A1923CC0E09DEC6E3D91FCCA0" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="280603419B5F1706C46352991EF8BF4C">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="C9105EFFDF31C1DEC1FB0205F2399382">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="1BC1F909A39068F21F9D42F5B1FD2323">Martynov, Alexander</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="05F2EAF7BBC45162E7A732AED40B279C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="C6BAAB24E657C74AD49BAA0F4F0E5B2C" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="9ACD81757DE47B329D020E5217EC2D23">
|
|
<mods:title id="6CA438289E13D9D241F63B4F493F5468">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="E77D7AC27A8EDB94CF16C886A34FF1B9">
|
|
<mods:date id="4D96C564F0B3536B57CC1E4AD1F6E179">2020</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="633AFF24D04C56EFC3344CD64D5D52FD" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="9976DA37F2A8F3D425095B30B97DB9A7">917</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="6494DCFAFABE0923F765D0135FC1B247" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="53B88734844BC4D686418B49BD4D858C">15</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="10365F1C9B14F8C042F3A23527AF8683">50</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location id="E474D1FF8EAE33D18323D66E390CAA62">
|
|
<mods:url id="CB85BC839A834F2C63FC69B00C135D2F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.917.47444</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification id="53C51EF864EEE8AA277986864F37C4F1">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="D013FA2D0BA916A16727315FDE025B82" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.917.47444</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="6C8D91A54EEC7B24E4C1BA0FDE8C052C" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-917-15</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="BCDE584C6FE7BF139663F1DF585690B2" type="ZooBank">75B05B61939544E995BCAE945C2D3B83</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="437D9CDE82876798C95AFEA2D921DB65" type="Pensoft-UUID">3706DF8590285003B48B90E375F04875</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="860DEC1EAB9B5995AD2D5B84C476B584" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162467340" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D56F2608-384E-4C02-9BD0-8B66A679A4A9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/860DEC1EAB9B5995AD2D5B84C476B584" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<subSubSection id="8EBE0963AD03529BF9B341CEBE32389D" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="1C72092A37AF36687E3F02EFEF8A74A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5BABA3C566C2CFFE5EB69EECA909ED9D" ID-CoL="7Q2RV" LSID="860DEC1E-AB9B-5995-AD2D-5B84C476B584" authority="Korshunova & Malmberg & Prkić & Petani & Fletcher & Lundin & Martynov, 2020" authorityName="Korshunova & Malmberg & Prkić & Petani & Fletcher & Lundin & Martynov" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Eubranchidae" genus="Amphorina" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphorina viriola" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="viriola" status="sp. nov.">Amphorina viriola</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="03F637DE4D04961E17080E4564B083F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
<figureCitation id="8AAEB9C396055A78D24FCAD2C2249BFA" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships of nudibranchs Amphorina based on COI + 16 S + H 3 concatenated dataset inferred by Bayesian Inference (BI). The posterior probabilities from BI / bootstrap values for Maximum Likelihood (ML) are shown." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387250" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
|
<figureCitation id="594524E4A7386437F5404C963DE9B951" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. The haplotype network based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) molecular data showing genetic mutations occurring within species of the genus Amphorina (A). Statistical test of the reliability of the bathymetric distribution patterns (and correlated with depths of brackish and marine environments) of A. viriola sp. nov. (red bar) and A. andra sp. nov. (blue bar) in Swedish waters (B). All specimens of A. viriola sp. nov. occur strictly in a very shallow brackish water layer above the halocline (salinity usually ca. 24 - 25 ‰), whereas in the same geographic region A. andra sp. nov. occur only below the halocline (at ca. 15 m depth) in waters with more stable oceanic salinity at 34 - 35 ‰." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387251" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 2</figureCitation>
|
|
<figureCitation id="734D8293D5261560F4986B674E1A931E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Periodic-like presentation of the colouration variation among all species of the genus Amphorina, representing vertical rows. Three main periods (horizontal rows), each with several subperiods, are recognised according to the principle of spotless body / colourless forms at the bottom to forms with the maximal number of spots / coloured body at the top. Note that different species display fundamentally similar colouration forms, but not all, so some morphs in particular species (e. g., forms with extensive surface pigmentation and dark body in A. farrani, A. linensis, and A. pallida) can either be eventually discovered or do not exist, by some further constraints of the developmental system. Non-observed forms for each particular species are indicated as " unkn " = " unknown ")." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387252" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 3</figureCitation>
|
|
<figureCitation id="708C7BFF5BE0D4F92C1FDAFB982A629A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Amphorina viriola sp. nov., Sweden. (a) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9393, a 1, head; a 2, cerata; a 3, tail; a 4, posterior part of radula (30 μm); a 5, anterior part of radula (30 μm); a 6, jaw (light microscopy); a 7, jaw (100 μm); a 8, jaw details (30 μm). (b) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9360, b 1, head; b 2, cerata; b 3, posterior part of radula (10 μm); b 4, posterior part of radula (20 μm); b 5, anterior part of radula (50 μm); b 6, jaw (light microscopy); b 7, jaw (200 μm); b 8, jaw details (20 μm); b 9, stylet details (10 μm); b 10, stylet (100 μm). (c) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9263, c 1, head; c 2, cerata; c 3, apical part of lateral teeth with possible denticles (1 μm); c 4, posterior part of radula (20 μm); c 5, anterior part of radula (20 μm); c 6, jaw (light microscopy); c 7, jaw (SEM, 200 μm); c 8, jaw details (20 μm). (d) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9260, d 1, head; d 2, tail; d 3, cerata; d 4, posterior part of radula (30 μm); d 5, anterior part of radula (30 μm); d 6, jaw (light microscopy); d 7, jaw (300 μm); d 8, jaw details (30 μm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387254" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 5</figureCitation>
|
|
<figureCitation id="0A86A83D59E678F5DFFAB2BD3D11A944" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Reproductive systems, schemes. (A) Amphorina farrani. (B) Amphorina viriola sp. nov.; (C) Amphorina andra sp. nov. (D) Amphorina linensis. (E) Amphorina pallida. Abbreviations: am ampulla, fgm female gland mass, pg penial gland, pr prostate, psh penial sheath, rs receptaculum seminis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387256" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 7b</figureCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="0CBD20E51E22CF449A53C56B4F27EBF3" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="material examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="703422C0140003065D961528058ECBC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2416E05D143894EC30ADD4FE30144436" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="A6A0D4A383CDA03A0001D4F605F3BBCC" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Holotype.</emphasis>
|
|
NE Atlantic, Skagerrak, Sweden, Region
|
|
<normalizedToken id="46CB19E0C89A873B1CB7F0DA00B46FBE" originalValue="Västra">Vaestra</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="FD781DF698E9EAE9DA5B2640080550FD" originalValue="Götaland">Goetaland</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="332ADD25BD3CE4532B0A2DD264F2DB8F" originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
|
|
county, Ide fjord, close to Svarte Jan lighthouse (
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="28577606D8F59B4C5E286A9A92FDE0CC" degrees="59" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="59.108334">59°06'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="848F4DADBDDBDF67F328192F78EA74AE" degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="11.325">11°19'30"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 4-6 m depth, 21.XII.2016, coll. Klas Malmberg (GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C7CCCEF9DAAFF261F6EFCA7F0854E497" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
- 9393, 6 mm in length, live, preserved length 3 mm).
|
|
<emphasis id="C4EE130074D068E190D5292AE365086C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Paratypes.</emphasis>
|
|
NE Atlantic, Skagerrak, Sweden, Region
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4FB98668E61EB0CB2AB45651FED3E634" originalValue="Västra">Vaestra</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="32F876B03D591ACFB97DBF43AD262E3F" originalValue="Götaland">Goetaland</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="EC8F1C83A7038AAA5B1F989FF933169D" originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
|
|
county, town of Lysekil, public marina, Dock D (
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="13D71855BDED7D3769F753B6737B6C58" degrees="58" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="58.266666">58°16'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="6B22A753F3F7A14FC3A8507952A46B19" degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="11.433333">11°26'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 0.1-0.5 m depth, a mix of algae on floating blocks, 09.V.2015, coll. Klas Malmberg, seven specimens (GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A18C3C22254E546FF6FAC27B41B850E1" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
- 9093, 6 mm in length, live, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1052FC0CF93CBF839462264E6846CAC8" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
- 9260, preserved length 5.5 mm, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="048FC43C1C7DD6068D16C7C09110025E" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
-9261, 7 mm in length, live, preserved length 6.5 mm, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="03F8ADE37A00458980CF013CDE40FE04" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
-9262, 8 mm in length, live, preserved length 6.5 mm, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="25E64DE88BAEC5FCB4D71B26D35B937D" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
-9263, 8 mm in length, live, preserved length 5 mm, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B272B0C6E701DB29925F22A8D3E5B37F" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
-9264, 6 mm in length, live, preserved length 5 mm, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0B703DA3598B1901B7F8580BBD250269" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
-9265, 7 mm in length, live, preserved length 5.5 mm). NE Atlantic, Skagerrak, Sweden, Region
|
|
<normalizedToken id="5AED58E7F2A5100D0FE840829A584BCD" originalValue="Västra">Vaestra</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="59B7E80F8D7A5441BB5ADC4422A154A5" originalValue="Götaland">Goetaland</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="19429436B9E7F6DF719D86B8B85A8DDD" originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
|
|
county, town of
|
|
<normalizedToken id="11FFF594EB92711E3243F176C8B80CA2" originalValue="Smögen">Smoegen</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Kleven,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="C7E54A72AAC83E272C18637256DC6AB1" originalValue="Smögen">Smoegen</normalizedToken>
|
|
Dyk och Upplevelse Dive centre (58°21'08.8"N 11°13'40.6"E), 3 m depth, 25.III.2017, one specimen (GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FC36D9B37A756BE08B141D8DD02E4F25" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
-9341, 7 mm in length, live). NE Atlantic, Skagerrak, Sweden, Region
|
|
<normalizedToken id="3B4382B74D24B10EA2F1533EE9BA8CC1" originalValue="Västra">Vaestra</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="7581F277E48A934DF5C277BF22AF0A40" originalValue="Götaland">Goetaland</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="19C13F6000F460EA10640E32B5CEFB94" originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
|
|
county, town of
|
|
<normalizedToken id="425E050C44BAB9A2C9D140C9D4369A7E" originalValue="Smögen">Smoegen</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Kleven,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="3DC25C9B563268C74CCB0D3717EC4E42" originalValue="Smögen">Smoegen</normalizedToken>
|
|
Dyk och Upplevelse Dive centre (
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="3208B9482872BEEB6F7AD4856228EF09" degrees="58" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.8" value="58.358555">58°21'30.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="4B3747E3716F0A583C9C153E415CFFD6" degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="31.0" value="11.225277">11°13'31.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 4-4.5 m depth, 01.IV.2017, coll. Sebastian Spora, one specimen (GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DA8956518F91FED9035B5AFBB75795DE" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
-9360, 7 mm in length, live, preserved length 5 mm). NE Atlantic, Skagerrak, Sweden, Region
|
|
<normalizedToken id="EE0FEC0D6CDB37A0AE2EC6FBA81473B8" originalValue="Västra">Vaestra</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="A890624A93809889415A55429B866F5F" originalValue="Götaland">Goetaland</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="72F64CD6BBF81B13107E98A3970D5E22" originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
|
|
county, Ide fjord, close to Svarte Jan lighthouse, five specimens (
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="949AC9F34834B4790892E584E9ED967B" degrees="59" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="59.108334">59°06'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="BB02FFA03B8CD12B0F5433FD188AE458" degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="11.325">11°19'30"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 4-6 m depth, 21.XII.2016, coll. Klas Malmberg (GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9BBC1259D8D10A00395A4CFF136A6B4A" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
- 9394, 8 mm in length, live, preserved length 4 mm, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="05D9D175F814E284F051095811C482F2" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
- 9395, 7 mm in length, live, preserved length 3 mm, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB62336C9E2D8A49080E3858DAA1FCD5" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
- 9396, 6 mm in length, live, preserved length 3.2 mm, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="108CD592567344CE29AC6ABED95D5CF8" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
- 9397, 8 mm in length, live, preserved length 2 mm, GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B4BB865FDEF0E8840601DDA5ECE3F1DA" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
- 9398, 8 mm in length, live, preserved length 7 mm). NE Atlantic, Skagerrak, Sweden, Region
|
|
<normalizedToken id="65C9048CEC6683E31BB6F92143DF0765" originalValue="Västra">Vaestra</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="CCA106F321375523A734F91E82118980" originalValue="Götaland">Goetaland</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="560071F5FA338EABEDF5CE462A1597D1" originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
|
|
county, Ide fjord, close to Svarte Jan lighthouse (59°06'30"N 11°19'30"E), depth unknown, 2018-2019, coll. Mats Larsson, Michael Lundin (GNM
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CCE9EEEC95806A2D3BC3317A4745A072" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1844" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Gastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
- 9936).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="F9E7DDBAA6E0351C52C6127DBA9CE74F" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="ACFFFE414CF54C2C566F2D717E2471E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="27690BB964B6515139433BBE280B29DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Body up to ca. 12 mm; large dorsal pigment spots, if present, yellow-orange, dull; in specimens with yellow-orange spots on body and cerata there is never any yellow-orange pigment spot or stripe on the tail, but there might be a median whitish line or broken line on the tail; completely pale specimens lack tail spot; light pinkish subapical ring on cerata present; absence of white punctuated line on external edge of foot; cerata commonly moderate in width without distinctly attenuated apices; digestive gland in cerata relatively broad without distinct short branches; up to four anterior rows of cerata; radular formula 31-47 x 1.1.1, copulative stylet relatively long and almost straight, at the top, seminal receptacle pear-shaped with short distinct stalk between reservoir and long base.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="566DABA84438831862858AEA61C6B7CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph id="40EF749667869889F0407DA7060494CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D1FB703E5EFB201CE52B2846766B3E08" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
"
|
|
<taxonomicName id="70E45444263DD8C149C57105D019C501" authorityName="Korshunova & Malmberg & Prkić & Petani & Fletcher & Lundin & Martynov" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Eubranchidae" genus="Amphorina" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="viriola" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="297A9B4A61A77B225402B10132B22C9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
", Lat. small bracelet, referring to the light pinkish subapical pigment ring on the cerata.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="3FB5394FC968F20BAA41843B508F387D" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="9357EBDEB66B99E9FA7A2AF3E3B27238" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Description.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="97FF16E7898125889E995649141D85DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="1153C8FDB26D46C51739BB959FF044F9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">External morphology.</emphasis>
|
|
The live length of the holotype is 6 mm (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="6AE6D972350379703A443F6FA50B629B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Amphorina viriola sp. nov., Sweden. (a) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9393, a 1, head; a 2, cerata; a 3, tail; a 4, posterior part of radula (30 μm); a 5, anterior part of radula (30 μm); a 6, jaw (light microscopy); a 7, jaw (100 μm); a 8, jaw details (30 μm). (b) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9360, b 1, head; b 2, cerata; b 3, posterior part of radula (10 μm); b 4, posterior part of radula (20 μm); b 5, anterior part of radula (50 μm); b 6, jaw (light microscopy); b 7, jaw (200 μm); b 8, jaw details (20 μm); b 9, stylet details (10 μm); b 10, stylet (100 μm). (c) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9263, c 1, head; c 2, cerata; c 3, apical part of lateral teeth with possible denticles (1 μm); c 4, posterior part of radula (20 μm); c 5, anterior part of radula (20 μm); c 6, jaw (light microscopy); c 7, jaw (SEM, 200 μm); c 8, jaw details (20 μm). (d) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9260, d 1, head; d 2, tail; d 3, cerata; d 4, posterior part of radula (30 μm); d 5, anterior part of radula (30 μm); d 6, jaw (light microscopy); d 7, jaw (300 μm); d 8, jaw details (30 μm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387254" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">5a</figureCitation>
|
|
). The length of adult specimens may reach 10-12 mm. The body is narrow. The rhinophores are smooth and 1.5-2 times longer than the oral tentacles. The cerata are relatively long, swollen. Ceratal formula of the neotype: right (2, 4, 4; anus, 3, 3, 2, 2, 1) left (2, 3, 3; anus, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1). The foot is narrow, anteriorly without foot corners.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="6D6F6C791CCC8F706BC582CE95B4C9D2" doi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387254" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
|
<paragraph id="F5842E7FADE2D6BBDE4892382C67B1F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="00798161E13BC0C85FBBCCDA8FDB80E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AAFC3B257C33207A105AC857BA68BF3A" authorityName="Korshunova & Malmberg & Prkić & Petani & Fletcher & Lundin & Martynov" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Eubranchidae" genus="Amphorina" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphorina viriola" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="FF8D4D946FC9A023E78EEB70C34A555C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Amphorina viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., Sweden. (
|
|
<emphasis id="E31210374ED82931099B5EFDAF92ABFE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">a</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="66AC3E3C6FFE7B622C397FF30746624F" lsidName="A. viriola" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="4BC99B319EEF3A19884F805EBBB2427E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. GNM9393, a1, head; a2, cerata; a3, tail; a4, posterior part of radula (30
|
|
<normalizedToken id="EC23165901269A0642B30FDDF6CCDD00" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); a5, anterior part of radula (30
|
|
<normalizedToken id="BB9CF7566C538794C2BA3B488D1A921D" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); a6, jaw (light microscopy); a7, jaw (100
|
|
<normalizedToken id="039BD1A012EA56D3874851CE96D5F183" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); a8, jaw details (30
|
|
<normalizedToken id="71435F3494B8B6E807B9A89E79BE4916" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
). (
|
|
<emphasis id="6C45B54F37DC73840C56BF69B042B8FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">b</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2CC74F28B4C116A1D44ED3B10E01FBB5" lsidName="A. viriola" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="E6784785F33355E17359C76D79A3FC60" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. GNM9360, b1, head; b2, cerata; b3, posterior part of radula (10
|
|
<normalizedToken id="9B93AD77CCC23D832E9117DE351C7E10" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); b4, posterior part of radula (20
|
|
<normalizedToken id="18FE2BC5542183857B99B2E5FEED9B5F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); b5, anterior part of radula (50
|
|
<normalizedToken id="9D9914060BF09EDEE80E562A31B1BC3F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); b6, jaw (light microscopy); b7, jaw (200
|
|
<normalizedToken id="88309DA02D3E3F29BEDFEE3ECE6A10BC" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); b8, jaw details (20
|
|
<normalizedToken id="F5D9635D912604FF203397ACFD89F037" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); b9, stylet details (10
|
|
<normalizedToken id="0CE7250F3E7C0619D4A63B89C8E4AC1C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); b10, stylet (100
|
|
<normalizedToken id="B14A9604CDBAD29B6A0E1901BFF61B54" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
). (
|
|
<emphasis id="2F343AE3EA146EE868CC39160EAD32FF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">c</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="31C40393CAB9FABCE4F09BFFAFCA8E5C" lsidName="A. viriola" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="6AE9231FFB3305D1A88DB94114F26BB7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. GNM9263, c1, head; c2, cerata; c3, apical part of lateral teeth with possible denticles (1
|
|
<normalizedToken id="3DCA39A5DF12BA3F50A7C04A56ECA535" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); c4, posterior part of radula (20
|
|
<normalizedToken id="2EA167C7B1D5822BD4F85FAC985EE8F1" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); c5, anterior part of radula (20
|
|
<normalizedToken id="E35D728AE79036A55FDAE79730A3FCC3" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); c6, jaw (light microscopy); c7, jaw (SEM, 200
|
|
<normalizedToken id="BF208FCCA09645FE5B6276EDF121A65E" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); c8, jaw details (20
|
|
<normalizedToken id="F79498946AD49C5778ACB506A917DC67" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
). (
|
|
<emphasis id="F5DE3E72BC91E21B0929F31B1814DC19" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">d</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AEBE4EFA29F8EBB29086DFE4F5FC55AD" lsidName="A. viriola" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="CF6E7416C47B07250CAA2557FAE398EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. GNM9260, d1, head; d2, tail; d3, cerata; d4, posterior part of radula (30
|
|
<normalizedToken id="5435E8EDEF250A28D7B33B0A98B056EE" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); d5, anterior part of radula (30
|
|
<normalizedToken id="F8C3AB23E47FD9A3BFC4F2A2D25EF331" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); d6, jaw (light microscopy); d7, jaw (300
|
|
<normalizedToken id="16F5A15393BC195B2C355C2A95DF3531" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
); d8, jaw details (30
|
|
<normalizedToken id="0CD810BE21D0CCCA6E6202E00F573FC7" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="7C03D5538CD11E087E28CC60840010A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="D518D2DA6DA913BF5C2663F7FC302A05" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Colour.</emphasis>
|
|
There are three main colour morphs with several subdivisions of the colour variations (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="5648E546C634396F417CD645D949FE41" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Periodic-like presentation of the colouration variation among all species of the genus Amphorina, representing vertical rows. Three main periods (horizontal rows), each with several subperiods, are recognised according to the principle of spotless body / colourless forms at the bottom to forms with the maximal number of spots / coloured body at the top. Note that different species display fundamentally similar colouration forms, but not all, so some morphs in particular species (e. g., forms with extensive surface pigmentation and dark body in A. farrani, A. linensis, and A. pallida) can either be eventually discovered or do not exist, by some further constraints of the developmental system. Non-observed forms for each particular species are indicated as " unkn " = " unknown ")." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387252" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">3</figureCitation>
|
|
), from completely pale body and cerata without orange-yellow pigment spots on the body, to specimens with dull brownish orange-yellow spots. In the specimens with such spots there is never any orange-yellow colouration on the tail, but there can be a median whitish line or broken line on the tail. Specimens with greyish surface pigmentation are sometimes found, but not with blackish, non-transparent pigmentation (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="5955FEC8A80B33FD7119E658DAA9B203" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Periodic-like presentation of the colouration variation among all species of the genus Amphorina, representing vertical rows. Three main periods (horizontal rows), each with several subperiods, are recognised according to the principle of spotless body / colourless forms at the bottom to forms with the maximal number of spots / coloured body at the top. Note that different species display fundamentally similar colouration forms, but not all, so some morphs in particular species (e. g., forms with extensive surface pigmentation and dark body in A. farrani, A. linensis, and A. pallida) can either be eventually discovered or do not exist, by some further constraints of the developmental system. Non-observed forms for each particular species are indicated as " unkn " = " unknown ")." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387252" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">3</figureCitation>
|
|
). No specimens with uniformly orange colour have been observed. The tips of the cerata may have orange-yellow pigmentation or lack pigment, leaving the cnidosacs visible. A light pinkish subapical ring on the cerata is usually present, or at least noticeable by some pinkish pigment dots. Absence of a punctuated white line on the edge of the foot. The upper part of the rhinophores are commonly covered with brownish to dark orange pigment and dispersed small white dots. The oral tentacles are similarly coloured.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="BDC4955C922D9E77B4B3196F241D446F" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="702C9EC796CAC36C9FDD75FA3ECDE10D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Anatomy.</emphasis>
|
|
Digestive system (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="65883813B21F054BD3942B29ED42F71F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Amphorina viriola sp. nov., Sweden. (a) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9393, a 1, head; a 2, cerata; a 3, tail; a 4, posterior part of radula (30 μm); a 5, anterior part of radula (30 μm); a 6, jaw (light microscopy); a 7, jaw (100 μm); a 8, jaw details (30 μm). (b) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9360, b 1, head; b 2, cerata; b 3, posterior part of radula (10 μm); b 4, posterior part of radula (20 μm); b 5, anterior part of radula (50 μm); b 6, jaw (light microscopy); b 7, jaw (200 μm); b 8, jaw details (20 μm); b 9, stylet details (10 μm); b 10, stylet (100 μm). (c) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9263, c 1, head; c 2, cerata; c 3, apical part of lateral teeth with possible denticles (1 μm); c 4, posterior part of radula (20 μm); c 5, anterior part of radula (20 μm); c 6, jaw (light microscopy); c 7, jaw (SEM, 200 μm); c 8, jaw details (20 μm). (d) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9260, d 1, head; d 2, tail; d 3, cerata; d 4, posterior part of radula (30 μm); d 5, anterior part of radula (30 μm); d 6, jaw (light microscopy); d 7, jaw (300 μm); d 8, jaw details (30 μm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387254" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">5</figureCitation>
|
|
, a4-a8, b3-b8, c3-c8, d4-d8). The jaws are triangularly ovoid. The masticatory processes of the jaws bear a single row of ca. 15-21 distinct denticles. The radular formula in four studied specimens is 31-47 x 1.1.1. The radular teeth are yellowish. The central tooth is narrow, with a low cusp and 4-6 lateral denticles, including smaller intercalated denticles that may occur in different parts of the tooth.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="57FAFA8FC40BA85B55CCBEE8F85D142F" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="E31F0A55F3EDEA92EBFBEDB43AACECE2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Reproductive system.</emphasis>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="1BED91C6DC17B813DE8F895FB3167A1F" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Reproductive systems, schemes. (A) Amphorina farrani. (B) Amphorina viriola sp. nov.; (C) Amphorina andra sp. nov. (D) Amphorina linensis. (E) Amphorina pallida. Abbreviations: am ampulla, fgm female gland mass, pg penial gland, pr prostate, psh penial sheath, rs receptaculum seminis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387256" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">7B</figureCitation>
|
|
). The ampulla is moderate in length and swollen (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="C99ED14FCABEB83188DDDCC07DFDEF7C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Reproductive systems, schemes. (A) Amphorina farrani. (B) Amphorina viriola sp. nov.; (C) Amphorina andra sp. nov. (D) Amphorina linensis. (E) Amphorina pallida. Abbreviations: am ampulla, fgm female gland mass, pg penial gland, pr prostate, psh penial sheath, rs receptaculum seminis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387256" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">7B</figureCitation>
|
|
, am). The prostate is distinct, moderately long and wide (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="5B9F1B57843DDDAF5DF0C6D5E67596D2" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Reproductive systems, schemes. (A) Amphorina farrani. (B) Amphorina viriola sp. nov.; (C) Amphorina andra sp. nov. (D) Amphorina linensis. (E) Amphorina pallida. Abbreviations: am ampulla, fgm female gland mass, pg penial gland, pr prostate, psh penial sheath, rs receptaculum seminis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387256" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">7B</figureCitation>
|
|
, pr). The prostate transitions to a penial sheath, which contains a conical penis with a short, chitinous, almost straight stylet (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="3295890FF1A1A93C6995C5AE5F5AD226" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Amphorina viriola sp. nov., Sweden. (a) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9393, a 1, head; a 2, cerata; a 3, tail; a 4, posterior part of radula (30 μm); a 5, anterior part of radula (30 μm); a 6, jaw (light microscopy); a 7, jaw (100 μm); a 8, jaw details (30 μm). (b) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9360, b 1, head; b 2, cerata; b 3, posterior part of radula (10 μm); b 4, posterior part of radula (20 μm); b 5, anterior part of radula (50 μm); b 6, jaw (light microscopy); b 7, jaw (200 μm); b 8, jaw details (20 μm); b 9, stylet details (10 μm); b 10, stylet (100 μm). (c) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9263, c 1, head; c 2, cerata; c 3, apical part of lateral teeth with possible denticles (1 μm); c 4, posterior part of radula (20 μm); c 5, anterior part of radula (20 μm); c 6, jaw (light microscopy); c 7, jaw (SEM, 200 μm); c 8, jaw details (20 μm). (d) A. viriola sp. nov. GNM 9260, d 1, head; d 2, tail; d 3, cerata; d 4, posterior part of radula (30 μm); d 5, anterior part of radula (30 μm); d 6, jaw (light microscopy); d 7, jaw (300 μm); d 8, jaw details (30 μm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387254" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">5</figureCitation>
|
|
, b9, b10). A supplementary (
|
|
<normalizedToken id="065ACA57E9A7E5A48B2401AEEC663253" originalValue="“penial”">"penial"</normalizedToken>
|
|
) gland is relatively short and inserts into the base of the penis (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="8ADA0F37667437666F60DB15A364A05E" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Reproductive systems, schemes. (A) Amphorina farrani. (B) Amphorina viriola sp. nov.; (C) Amphorina andra sp. nov. (D) Amphorina linensis. (E) Amphorina pallida. Abbreviations: am ampulla, fgm female gland mass, pg penial gland, pr prostate, psh penial sheath, rs receptaculum seminis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387256" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">7B</figureCitation>
|
|
, pg). The seminal receptacle is moderate in size, pear-shaped (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="A659255AA65E9C6773D0664AC2C92502" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Reproductive systems, schemes. (A) Amphorina farrani. (B) Amphorina viriola sp. nov.; (C) Amphorina andra sp. nov. (D) Amphorina linensis. (E) Amphorina pallida. Abbreviations: am ampulla, fgm female gland mass, pg penial gland, pr prostate, psh penial sheath, rs receptaculum seminis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387256" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">7B</figureCitation>
|
|
, rs) with a long base to which it transitions with a distinct stalk. The female gland mass includes mucous and capsular glands (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="85480A847BF0F94F9B5AD66C951273E3" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Reproductive systems, schemes. (A) Amphorina farrani. (B) Amphorina viriola sp. nov.; (C) Amphorina andra sp. nov. (D) Amphorina linensis. (E) Amphorina pallida. Abbreviations: am ampulla, fgm female gland mass, pg penial gland, pr prostate, psh penial sheath, rs receptaculum seminis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387256" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">7B</figureCitation>
|
|
, fgm).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="07240ECE8A90DF3E345D7FF1ADBD9D70" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="5E882154989EC773A631FBEA79650EBA" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Distribution and habitats.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="BBB382644A48A1724CCFDC025890F667" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
Swedish northwest Skagerrak coast, in the south from the town of Lysekil at the Gullmar fjord, onwards to
|
|
<normalizedToken id="B1F26C756A07A309C74A5F9DE82CF934" originalValue="Smögen">Smoegen</normalizedToken>
|
|
and the
|
|
<normalizedToken id="F96BE1A7AF34B6070BBC370AC6974497" originalValue="Väderö">Vaederoe</normalizedToken>
|
|
Island archipelago, to the Ide fjord in the north by the border with Norway. It is always found very shallow and above the halocline (situated at 6-7 m depth within the fjords and 15 m outside the fjords), most often from 0.1 to 6 metres depth, commonly on wharf pontoons in the marina. Inhabits exclusively the brackish water layer, salinity-range: ordinarily ca. 24-25 ‰ but may vary from 12 to 30 ‰.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="F2E4E1F428B8BA8AFDCD2A6464508618" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph id="ACD062BBDC788C6A10A42103085B9605" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="60E8F274B54A52A1497BBFF2C55A66CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
Morphologically the brackish water-living
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48C46171D4AA98A0C8C9A0F72464CE38" lsidName="A. viriola" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="F22D2823F4CFA135F2F86EBD3D74FBC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. differs from the closely related
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9C1A73C9662957A2E4B2211FCC7AE68D" lsidName="A. andra" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="andra">
|
|
<emphasis id="C35BAF67A3DC6B5F6C1BA3DDB12F703D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. andra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. by the presence of light pinkish subapical rings on the cerata, the absence of forms with non-transparent blackish pigmentation, or any forms with uniform orange colour (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="C4FEA02926A006CDC770FA807762E75E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Periodic-like presentation of the colouration variation among all species of the genus Amphorina, representing vertical rows. Three main periods (horizontal rows), each with several subperiods, are recognised according to the principle of spotless body / colourless forms at the bottom to forms with the maximal number of spots / coloured body at the top. Note that different species display fundamentally similar colouration forms, but not all, so some morphs in particular species (e. g., forms with extensive surface pigmentation and dark body in A. farrani, A. linensis, and A. pallida) can either be eventually discovered or do not exist, by some further constraints of the developmental system. Non-observed forms for each particular species are indicated as " unkn " = " unknown ")." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387252" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">3</figureCitation>
|
|
), a larger range of the number of lateral denticles on central radular teeth, a considerably smaller ampulla and elongated and pear-shaped receptaculum seminis. From
|
|
<taxonomicName id="95C5EBD84773E15427276D188892B16B" lsidName="A. farrani" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="farrani">
|
|
<emphasis id="8757B51F3CCF540D9ED1F408FC3E26A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. farrani</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B890F2085A669EF4ED2B9C472CDC5D24" lsidName="A. viriola" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="737D8A40CB584773EE47BF820A62D01F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. differs by the absence of a yellow or orange median stripe on its tail, and the absence of forms with black surface pigmentation (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="968048F16E8C0618BE0BA174202DC455" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Periodic-like presentation of the colouration variation among all species of the genus Amphorina, representing vertical rows. Three main periods (horizontal rows), each with several subperiods, are recognised according to the principle of spotless body / colourless forms at the bottom to forms with the maximal number of spots / coloured body at the top. Note that different species display fundamentally similar colouration forms, but not all, so some morphs in particular species (e. g., forms with extensive surface pigmentation and dark body in A. farrani, A. linensis, and A. pallida) can either be eventually discovered or do not exist, by some further constraints of the developmental system. Non-observed forms for each particular species are indicated as " unkn " = " unknown ")." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.917.47444.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/387252" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">3</figureCitation>
|
|
). From
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CDB77924AEDAFA6B0188300BAFB10ECA" lsidName="A. linensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="linensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="AD518AF5F0B37F1A35656E0367C87BC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. linensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1346D9C214E41271BB278DB25CD26FC9" lsidName="A. viriola" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="42044BE672C6549D8AAC01DC114D22DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. differs by the absence of a distinct white line (sometimes dotted) along the foot edge, orange-yellow and not reddish orange spots (in spotted forms), a smaller number of ceratal rows and the shape of the cerata, the shape and size of the ampulla and receptaculum seminis. From
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3B17BC2671CDCE00BD5721557F96C68E" lsidName="A. pallida" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
|
<emphasis id="3EA68AFF68AF151D47640CE33C722CBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. pallida</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CF9CB775D9A9DA1C5637B4BBCDD27005" lsidName="A. viriola" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="13D212CD1B4A33E053BDF458811B1F4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. differs by the larger size of dorsal spots (in spotted forms), and the smaller number of anterior ceratal rows, the shape and size of the ampulla and receptaculum seminis.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="DE5806DE126A15BE88EA295EF2D0BC24" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
|
Minimum uncorrected p-distances of the COI marker which separate the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="32943D50158CEA9E740A535C574C04D9" lsidName="A. viriola" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="viriola">
|
|
<emphasis id="08A603A2EC9545371A83C5A174C0C22E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. viriola</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="43B1BF9FEE7385D02AA3B1DAB2339ED8" lsidName="A. farrani" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="farrani">
|
|
<emphasis id="5D486F3C2D1E86517B07C6AE2BFF235D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. farrani</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7FBEB61122821E87E10578866C0C7DA0" lsidName="A. andra" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="andra">
|
|
<emphasis id="0AACA63FD3B0BD1B9F20C16595A6EA7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. andra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="04D2DA1AE525EB850689C1A8D948649D" lsidName="A. linensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="linensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="0FF049EC9EFFAB170432D9146B48884F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. linensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7155692177571BF5DBECFC6AC56D4E4D" lsidName="A. pallida" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
|
<emphasis id="1EFF5993216DE5BF62212ECAF80179B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A. pallida</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are 8.92 %, 0.15 %, 9.15 %, and 14.08 % respectively.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |