233 lines
27 KiB
XML
233 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="AC047D4E57999C0CAD969870B677FFD9" ID-CLB-Dataset="3511" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5068.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e17326ea-9ad5-4f11-b8d0-3e865248d420" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5704375" ID-ZooBank="6385D6D2-9442-4626-BA3C-65504B22CD24" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1637052795992" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rajan, Tessy, Kumar, P. Girish, Sureshan, P. M. & Binoy, C." docDate="2021" docId="03BA4074F366FF9DFF1689BBB06BE723" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5068.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5068 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Spilomena Shuckard 1838" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="264" masterDocId="FF83380CF367FF9CFF818861B311E371" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Spilomena Shuckard (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) with the description of six new species from India" masterLastPageNumber="276" masterPageNumber="263" pageNumber="264" updateTime="1699468628337" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="E31982E2A45956FDB21306B918E24419">A review of the genus Spilomena Shuckard (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) with the description of six new species from India</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BB4891A887159681F9EAA20449415177" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5043037D36A4AE121E026C30AE0F285E">Rajan, Tessy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="337C9286F998CB421CFE14A20ADD45C0">Western Ghat Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Eranhipalam, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673006, India. kpgiris @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2121 - 0165</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="30D98B1FC5A96867AEBA6D621EB968EA">Kumar, P. Girish</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="94C180DB2BC61D6B8683D41999BD8148">Western Ghat Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Eranhipalam, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673006, India. kpgiris @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2121 - 0165</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3DF632182C629D155272F6ED5EED57FF" type="email">kpgiris@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D18163A549A07214452D616EFB2EF436">Sureshan, P. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2DF77AE91FA7DDAB34F85366EABDFEC8">Western Ghat Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Eranhipalam, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673006, India. kpgiris @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2121 - 0165</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B6D93961E6EF73934E006F05B3357C4D" type="email">kpgiris@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="853E786EF5FB73494C21D05451166334">Binoy, C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B89B8E1530C9BDCCA56F9283AD7CC16B">Insect Ecology and Ethology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala- 673635, India. binoy _ doz @ uoc. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4309 - 5460 & Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Malabar Christian College, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673001, India, Affiliated to University of Calicut.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="94A481EBFB34D4930B7D354A9CF70A17">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="64D772497D1E8BD6A808101CCBDBE965">
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<mods:date id="99DA53B3EE4AE26B512D135BC151262D">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B71CFEE7DF707300C0ED077243C5F96A">5068</mods:number>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF6F89BBB27EE284" bold="true" box="[238,367,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Spilomena</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFEF789BBB12BE285" author="Shuckard, W. E." box="[374,570,474,500]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="68 - 82" refId="ref7121" refString="Shuckard, W. E. (1838) Descriptions of new exotic aculeate Hymenoptera. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 2, 68 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1836. tb 00298. x" type="journal article" year="1838">Shuckard, 1838</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFF168A7EB2B8E146" ID-CoL="8HDJN" authority="Shuckard, 1837: 182" authorityName="Shuckard" authorityPageNumber="182" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,425,543,567]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Celia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF168A7EB3DFE146" box="[151,206,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Celia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFF558A7EB2B8E146" author="Shuckard, W. E." box="[212,425,543,567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" refId="ref7052" refString="Shuckard, W. E. (1837) Essay on the indigenous fossorial Hymenoptera; comprising a description of all the British species of burrowing sand wasps contained in the metropolitan collections; with their habits as far as they have been observed. Richter and Co., London, 252 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14263" type="book" year="1837">Shuckard, 1837: 182</bibRefCitation>
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.
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFDC08A7EB0F0E146" authority="(Van der Linden, 1829)" baseAuthorityName="Van der Linden" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[577,993,543,567]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Celia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="troglodytes">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFDC08A7EB1FEE146" box="[577,751,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Celia troglodytes</emphasis>
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(Van der Linden, 1829)
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[=
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFB858A7EB662E146" ID-CoL="52NNS" authority="Van der Linden" authorityName="Van der Linden" authorityYear="1829" box="[1028,1395,543,567]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Stigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="troglodytes">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFB858A7EB7DDE146" box="[1028,1228,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Stigmus troglodytes</emphasis>
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Van der Linden
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], by original designation and monotypy. Junior homonym of
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFC838A5FB028E127" box="[770,825,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Celia</emphasis>
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Zimmermann, 1832
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF168A3DB213E105" box="[151,258,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Spilomena</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFE898A3DB2C0E104" author="Shuckard, W. E." box="[264,465,604,629]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="68 - 82" refId="ref7121" refString="Shuckard, W. E. (1838) Descriptions of new exotic aculeate Hymenoptera. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 2, 68 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1836. tb 00298. x" type="journal article" year="1838">Shuckard, 1838: 79</bibRefCitation>
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. Substitute name for
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFD298A3DB1CEE105" box="[680,735,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Celia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFD648A3DB096E104" author="Shuckard, W. E." box="[741,903,604,629]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" refId="ref7052" refString="Shuckard, W. E. (1837) Essay on the indigenous fossorial Hymenoptera; comprising a description of all the British species of burrowing sand wasps contained in the metropolitan collections; with their habits as far as they have been observed. Richter and Co., London, 252 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14263" type="book" year="1837">Shuckard, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB2D773F366FF9DFF168A1AB2FDE1E2" author="Rayment, T." box="[151,492,635,660]" page="212" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" year="1930">
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFF168A1AB2FDE1E2" ID-CoL="63B3T" authority="Rayment, 1930: 212" authorityName="Rayment" authorityPageNumber="212" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,492,635,660]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Microglossa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF168A1AB204E1E2" box="[151,277,635,659]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Microglossa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFE9A8A1DB2FDE1E2" author="Rayment, T." box="[283,492,635,660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="211 - 220" refId="ref6954" refString="Rayment, T. (1930) Microglossa and Melitribus, new genera of Australian bees. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, New Series, 42, 211 - 220." type="journal article" year="1930">Rayment, 1930: 212</bibRefCitation>
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.
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFD048A1AB0C5E1E5" authority="Rayment" authorityName="Rayment" authorityYear="1930" box="[645,980,635,660]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Microglossa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifrons">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFD048A1AB061E1E2" box="[645,880,635,659]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Microglossa longifrons</emphasis>
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Rayment
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation. Junior homonym of
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF468AFBB254E1C3" box="[199,325,666,690]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Microglossa</emphasis>
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Voight, 1831
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB2D773F366FF9DFF168AD9B117E1A1" author="Rayment, T." box="[151,518,696,721]" page="634" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" year="1935">
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFF168AD9B117E1A1" ID-CoL="63B3W" authority="Rayment, 1935: 634" authorityName="Rayment" authorityPageNumber="634" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,518,696,721]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Microglossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF168AD9B23FE1A1" box="[151,302,696,720]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Microglossella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFEB48AD8B117E1A1" author="Rayment, T." box="[309,518,696,721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" refId="ref6988" refString="Rayment, T. (1935) A cluster of bees. Sixty essays on the life-histories of Australian bees, with specific descriptions of over 100 new species, and an introduction by Professor E. F. Phillips, D. Ph., Cornell University, U. S. A. The Endavour Press, Sydney, 752 pp." type="book" year="1935">Rayment, 1935: 634</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Substitute name for
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFD5D8AD9B0EFE1A0" ID-CoL="63B3T" authority="Rayment, 1930" authorityName="Rayment" authorityYear="1930" box="[732,1022,696,721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Microglossa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFD5D8AD9B04BE1A1" box="[732,858,696,720]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Microglossa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFCE18AD8B0EFE1A0" author="Rayment, T." box="[864,1022,697,721]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="211 - 220" refId="ref6954" refString="Rayment, T. (1930) Microglossa and Melitribus, new genera of Australian bees. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, New Series, 42, 211 - 220." type="journal article" year="1930">Rayment, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BACF162F366FF9DFF168AB6B005E07F" blockId="1.[151,1436,543,782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB03D64CF366FF9DFF168AB6B005E07F" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB2D773F366FF9DFF168AB6B28BE19E" author="Tsuneki, K." box="[151,410,727,751]" page="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" year="1971">
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFF168AB6B28BE19E" ID-CoL="7RZT" authority="Tsuneki, 1971: 10" authorityName="Tsuneki" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1971" box="[151,410,727,751]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Taialia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF168AB6B3CFE19E" box="[151,222,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Taialia</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFF658AB6B28BE19E" author="Tsuneki, K." box="[228,410,727,751]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref7201" refString="Tsuneki, K. (1971) Studies on the Formosan Sphecidae (XIII). A supplement to the subfamily Pemphredoninae (Hym.) with a key to the Formosan species. Etizenia, 57, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1971">Tsuneki, 1971: 10</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54A84FC0F366FF9DFE228AB9B2C4E181" box="[419,469,728,752]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFDB18AB6B06EE19E" ID-CoL="54K38" authority="Tsuneki, 1971" authorityName="Tsuneki" authorityYear="1971" box="[560,895,727,751]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Taialia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFDB18AB6B1F8E19E" box="[560,745,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Taialia formosana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFD6E8AB6B06EE19E" author="Tsuneki, K." box="[751,895,727,751]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref7201" refString="Tsuneki, K. (1971) Studies on the Formosan Sphecidae (XIII). A supplement to the subfamily Pemphredoninae (Hym.) with a key to the Formosan species. Etizenia, 57, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1971">Tsuneki, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with
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<taxonomicName id="4C138AE1F366FF9DFF7A8A97B277E07F" ID-CoL="7KZM" authorityName="Shuckard" authorityYear="1838" box="[251,358,758,782]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Spilomena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF7A8A97B277E07F" box="[251,358,758,782]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Spilomena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Bohart
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<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFE568A97B2FAE07C" box="[471,491,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">in</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB2D773F366FF9DFE708A97B001E07F" author="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S." box="[497,784,758,782]" page="41" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" year="1976">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFE708A97B001E07F" author="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S." box="[497,784,758,782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" refId="ref6637" refString="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S. (1976) Sphecid Wasps of the World. A generic revision. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 695 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1525 / 9780520309548" type="book" year="1976">Bohart and Menke 1976: 41</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C309A2E9F366FF9DFF168B5DB3F2E0B3" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BACF162F366FF9DFF168B5DB3F2E0B3" blockId="1.[151,1437,828,1107]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">
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|
<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF168B5DB203E027" bold="true" box="[151,274,828,854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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|
Occipital carina absent; hind wing media not diverging before Cu-a, not separated from Cu; fore wing with marginal cell elongate, longer than stigma, closed apically; two closed submarginal cells present; one recurrent vein and two discoidal cells present; stigma large; gaster without petiole; pronotal collar with complete transverse carina.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C309A2E9F366FF9DFF468BADB2D3E75E" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" type="biology_ecology">
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|
<paragraph id="8BACF162F366FF9DFF468BADB2D3E75E" blockId="1.[151,1437,828,1107]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">
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|
<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF468BADB236E097" bold="true" box="[199,295,972,998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Biology.</emphasis>
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|
Members of this genus make their nests in twigs, timber, decayed wood and in buildings (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFAB18BADB239E77B" author="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S." pageId="1" pageNumber="264" refId="ref6637" refString="Bohart, R. M. & Menke, A. S. (1976) Sphecid Wasps of the World. A generic revision. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 695 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1525 / 9780520309548" type="book" year="1976">Bohart & Menke 1976</bibRefCitation>
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|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFEB58B91B137E77B" author="Turillazzi, S. & Matthews, R. W. & Pradella, D. & Meucci, F. & Baracchi, D." box="[308,550,1008,1035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="113 - 129" refId="ref7243" refString="Turillazzi, S., Matthews, R. W., Pradella, D., Meucci, F. & Baracchi, D. (2014) Nest architecture and colony composition of communally nesting Spilomena socialis sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae, Pemphredoninae) from peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 41, 113 - 129. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / JHR. 41.8515" type="journal article" year="2014">
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|
Turillazzi
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|
<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFE298B90B2CBE77B" box="[424,474,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">et al</emphasis>
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|
. 2014
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). They prey on thrips, psyllids, coccids and aphids (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFBF38B91B60FE77A" author="Bluthgen, P." box="[1138,1310,1008,1035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="160 - 179" refId="ref6608" refString="Bluthgen, P. (1953) Alte und neue palaarktische Spilomena - Arten (Hym. Sphecidae). Opuscula Entomologica, 18, 160 - 179." type="journal article" year="1953">Blüthgen 1953</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFAAA8B91B3C3E75E" author="Krombein, K. V." pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="153 - 161" refId="ref6739" refString="Krombein, K. V. (1956) Biological and taxonomic notes on the wasps of Lost River State Park, West Virginia, with additions to the faunal list (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58, 153 - 161." type="journal article" year="1956">Krombein 1956</bibRefCitation>
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|
; de
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFF7E8C74B2A7E75E" author="Beaumont, J. de" box="[255,438,1044,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" refId="ref6582" refString="Beaumont, J. de (1964) Insecta Helvetica Fauna 3. Hymenoptera: Sphecidae. Societe Entomologique Suisse, Lausanne, 169 pp." type="book" year="1964">Beaumont 1964</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C309A2E9F366FF9DFF468C59B06BE723" box="[199,890,1080,1107]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BACF162F366FF9DFF468C59B06BE723" blockId="1.[151,1437,828,1107]" box="[199,890,1080,1107]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">
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|
<emphasis id="B9672D70F366FF9DFF468C59B270E723" bold="true" box="[199,353,1080,1106]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|
In all zoogeographical realms (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF828C93F366FF9DFD438C59B07CE723" author="Pulawski, W. J." box="[706,877,1080,1106]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" refId="ref6841" refString="Pulawski, W. J. (2021) Catalog of Sphecidae. Available from: http: // research. calacademy. org / ent / catalog _ sphecidae / (accessed 12 January 2021)" type="url" year="2021">Pulawski 2021</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |