295 lines
37 KiB
XML
295 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="6092D280DDEDC2353CE6B38D12D87046" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2017.1319517" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5181292" ID-ZooBank="8F7F824F-057A-41FE-956E-E0A633BCA3A5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628690455812" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rossini, Michele & Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2017" docId="03DE87CDFFCA8F55FE24FD76FB1C2DC4" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.51.19-20.1091-1117.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (19 - 20)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1319517" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Isocopris Pereira and Martinez 1960" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="1095" masterDocId="FFE7FFB5FFC98F50FFA9FFF3FF982F7A" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the genus Isocopris Pereira and Martínez, 1960 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), with description of a new Brazilian species" masterLastPageNumber="1117" masterPageNumber="1091" pageNumber="1093" updateTime="1699049812249" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8D459E0027FD2BF6BADAB17A09E1BF70">A taxonomic review of the genus Isocopris Pereira and Martínez, 1960 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), with description of a new Brazilian species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6261CDE78E82B1F5D6F95BD14C36B57C">Rossini, Michele</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="575F02A0AB23DFFE0A2E21A443B28277">Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A9FA770F81294C6A719840827A0BA7CE">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="89AFB1F865C1475441FFF4E567A19BA7">
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<mods:date id="F1FDFD68CF8CCC1811E83F5F492DBCF7">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="F5FC780DADE8E1E2574B4A31CEB9BEF3">J. Nat. Hist.</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="1DE87B897E12C5A8D29E4FCDFF330EDF">2017-05-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AD04E1666E9B39361CB12FCCC0705E45">51</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BF1757506071BB82D06F1C0521A74F90">19 - 20</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3B5543DF9B3E442CA1FB85E6FB9A5F07">1091</mods:start>
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<subSubSection id="C36D6550FFCA8F53FE24FD76FC0D2DE4" box="[397,917,644,670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCA8F53FE24FD76FC0D2DE4" blockId="3.[397,917,644,670]" box="[397,917,644,670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">
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<heading id="D08081B7FFCA8F53FE24FD76FC0D2DE4" box="[397,917,644,670]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" reason="5">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCA8F53FE48FD77FC0D2DE4" ID-CoL="55F6" authority="Pereira and Martinez, 1960" authorityName="Pereira and Martinez" authorityYear="1960" box="[481,917,644,670]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Isocopris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCA8F53FE48FD77FDD52DE4" bold="true" box="[481,589,644,670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">Isocopris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B2AFFCA8F53FDFFFD76FC0D2DE4" author="Pereira FS & Martinez A" box="[598,917,645,670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref13880" refString="Pereira FS, Martinez A. 1960. Notas Escarabeidologicas II. Rev Entomol. 9: 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="1960">Pereira and Martínez, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36D6550FFCA8F53FF09FD4AFEB42D89" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCA8F53FF09FD4AFEB42D89" blockId="3.[160,1156,696,755]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCA8F53FF09FD4AFEA12DAB" bold="true" box="[160,313,697,721]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">
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<typeStatus id="54CC8879FFCA8F53FF09FD4AFF432DAB" box="[160,219,697,721]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCA8F53FEECFD4BFDE32DAB" ID-CoL="9JZYV" authority="Germar, 1824" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1824" box="[325,635,696,721]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inhiata">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCA8F53FEECFD4BFE452DAB" box="[325,477,696,721]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">Copris inhiata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B2AFFCA8F53FE4DFD4AFDE32DAB" author="Germar E" box="[484,635,697,721]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" pagination="1 - 624" refId="ref13216" refString="Germar E. 1824. Coleopterorum Species Novae aut Minus Cognitae descriptionibus Illustratae. Halae: Impensis J. C. Hendelii et Fillii; p. 1 - 624." type="book chapter" year="1824">Germar, 1824</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B2AFFCA8F53FC30FD4AFF4F2D89" author="Pereira FS & Martinez A" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref13880" refString="Pereira FS, Martinez A. 1960. Notas Escarabeidologicas II. Rev Entomol. 9: 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="1960">Pereira and Martínez 1960</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 52).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36D6550FFCA8F54FF09FCD2FBD62E74" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="1094" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCA8F53FF09FCD2FE2B2C40" blockId="3.[160,1157,801,1727]" box="[160,435,801,826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCA8F53FF09FCD2FE2B2C40" bold="true" box="[160,435,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">Diagnosis of the genus</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCA8F54FF09FCB6FBD62E74" blockId="3.[160,1157,801,1727]" lastBlockId="4.[160,1156,142,270]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="1094" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">
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Large- to medium-sized species (length
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<quantity id="4C8F9B3EFFCA8F53FDCAFCB6FD462C27" box="[611,734,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="12.0">
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12
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCA8F53FDD7FCB7FD132C26" box="[638,651,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">–</emphasis>
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36 mm
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</quantity>
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), body completely black to brownish, elytra either completely black and shining or sericeous with bluish and whitish iridescences, antennal club yellow to orange, antennal segments and mouthparts brownish.
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCA8F53FF09FC5EFF462CBF" bold="true" box="[160,222,941,965]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">Head</emphasis>
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: Clypeus elongated forward and narrow at middle, clypeus evenly curved, strongly sinuate or truncate at middle, clypeal margin weakly to distinctly reflexed at middle, clypeo-genal junction notched to obtusely angulated. Fronto-clypeal region with a conical horn either flanked by two small tubercles or basally connected to two sloped carinae, one species with a transversal carina, apex straight or elevated at both sides, frons strongly to slightly depressed at middle. Antennae with eight segments, third segment distinctly elongated (about as long as the first two antennomeres).
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCA8F53FB83FB8EFBE62BEF" bold="true" box="[1066,1150,1149,1173]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">Thorax</emphasis>
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: pronotum robust and convex, anterior and superior region abruptly vertical above the head or simply and evenly convex, if vertical above the head then anterior pronotal surface either with fine wrinkles or coarse and shallow punctures, anteromedial region either without protuberances or with two small humps separated by a median depression and flanked by two concavities. Pronotal surface either normal or posteromedial region with a longitudinal sulcus, punctuation of the pronotal disc very fine and inconspicuous or punctures deeper and evenly distributed. Elytral striae well impressed, interstriae feebly convex, either with simple and sparse punctures or interstriae completely smooth. Metasternum normal or with a central and longitudinal sulcus, metasternal surface setiferous, entirely covered by long and orange setae, or setae only distributed along the inner margin of the mesocoxae, some species with metasternal surface completely bare.
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCA8F53FE6FF9EEFDA3294F" bold="true" box="[454,571,1565,1589]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: pygidium either completely bordered or without border at the apex, surface evenly and finely punctuated.
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCA8F53FCEBF9CCFCE1292D" bold="true" box="[834,889,1599,1623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1093">Legs</emphasis>
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: fore tibiae with apical margin obliquely truncate, inner angles normal or with a distinct tooth-like protrusion directed either forward or inward. Apical spur of the fore tibiae with tip always acuminated and directed inward, apical margin of the spur either simply curved or bifid on the posterior side. Hind tibiae with major apical spur truncate to bifurcate at the apex, tarsi simple or fifth tarsomeres apically distinctly expanded, tarsal claws either weakly curved or strongly folded.
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FED2FF27FDBF2F96" bold="true" box="[379,551,212,236]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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: parameres and endophallic lamellae as represented in
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<figureCitation id="134C2A5EFFCD8F54FF17FF05FED92E74" box="[190,321,246,270]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStart-3="Figure 4" captionStart-4="Figure 5" captionStart-5="Figure 6" captionStart-6="Figure 7" captionStartId-0="6.[161,226,1421,1444]" captionStartId-1="7.[161,226,1400,1423]" captionStartId-2="8.[163,228,1143,1166]" captionStartId-3="9.[160,225,1168,1191]" captionStartId-4="10.[161,226,1203,1226]" captionStartId-5="11.[162,227,1257,1280]" captionStartId-6="12.[160,225,1340,1363]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1145,145,1389]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1151,149,1368]" captionTargetBox-2="[175,1146,139,1109]" captionTargetBox-3="[170,1142,153,1132]" captionTargetBox-4="[179,1143,152,1172]" captionTargetBox-5="[171,1150,141,1221]" captionTargetBox-6="[171,1149,146,1293]" captionTargetId-0="figure-82@6.[164,1153,140,1390]" captionTargetId-1="figure-42@7.[164,1153,145,1369]" captionTargetId-2="figure-133@8.[165,1154,138,1113]" captionTargetId-3="figure-174@9.[163,1152,149,1137]" captionTargetId-4="figure-116@10.[164,1153,144,1172]" captionTargetId-5="figure-167@11.[165,1154,138,1227]" captionTargetId-6="figure-112@12.[163,1152,143,1308]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionTargetPageId-6="12" captionText-0="Figure 1. Isocopris inhiatus. (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (e–f) Lamella copulatrix and secondary accessory lamella." captionText-1="Figure 2. Isocopris hypocrita. (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (e–f) Lamella copulatrix and secondary accessory lamella." captionText-2="Figure 3. Isocopris imitator. (a, d) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (b–c) Details of the pronotal and elytral punctuation. (e–f) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (g) Lamella copulatrix. (h) Apical spur of the fore tibia." captionText-3="Figure 4. Isocopris nitidus. (a, d) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (b–c) Details of the pronotal and elytral punctuation. (e–f) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (g) Lamella copulatrix." captionText-4="Figure 5. Isocopris foveolatus. (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres." captionText-5="Figure 6. Isocopris tarsalis. (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (e) Tarsal claw." captionText-6="Figure 7. Isocopris xacriaba. (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181294" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181296" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181298" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181300" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181302" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181304" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181306" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5181294/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5181296/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5181298/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5181300/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5181302/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5181304/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5181306/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
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Figures 1
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FE8FFF05FEAB2E74" box="[294,307,246,270]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">–</emphasis>
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7
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</figureCitation>
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. Species known from
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<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCD8F54FD96FF05FDED2E74" box="[575,629,246,270]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Peru</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCD8F54FD29FF05FD242E74" box="[640,700,246,270]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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and northern
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<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCD8F54FCCDFF05FC4B2E74" box="[868,979,246,270]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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(
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<figureCitation id="134C2A5EFFCD8F54FC4AFF05FBD92E74" box="[995,1089,246,270]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="13.[159,224,1144,1167]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,142,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-118@13.[164,1153,142,1114]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 8. Distribution maps of the genus Isocopris. (a) I. foveaolatus and I. xacriaba. (b) I. imitator and I. tarsalis. (c) I. hypocrita and I. nitidus. (d) I. inhiatus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181308/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Figure 8</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36D6550FFCD8F55FF09FEBDFB1C2DC4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1095" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094" type="key">
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<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCD8F54FF09FEBDFD0D2E1C" blockId="4.[160,661,334,358]" box="[160,661,334,358]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
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<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FF09FEBDFD0D2E1C" bold="true" box="[160,661,334,358]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
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Key to the species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCD8F54FD83FEBDFD0D2E1C" ID-CoL="55F6" authorityName="Pereira and Martinez" authorityYear="1960" box="[554,661,334,358]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Isocopris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Isocopris</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<key id="FFE661EAFFCD8F55FF09FE71FB1C2DC4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1095" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
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<keyStep id="30832E7EFFCD8F54FF09FE71FB1C2DF0" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
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<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCD8F54FF09FE71FB1C2D78" blockId="4.[160,1156,386,650]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
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<keyLead id="308695EEFFCD8F54FF09FE71FB1C2D78" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
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1. Pronotum abruptly vertical above the head, superiorly with a pair of transverse humps. Male with a cephalic horn always flanked by two low and transverse carinae; female with a cephalic carina tuberculate at middle. Large-sized species, body length>
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<quantity id="4C8F9B3EFFCD8F54FE95FE19FE1B2D78" box="[316,387,490,514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
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................................................................................................................................... 2.
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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|
||
1' Pronotum simply convex, never with distinct humps on the superior side. Male either with a simple and conical horn or with a transverse and strong carina; female with either a cephalic horn or carina, but never tuberculate at middle. Medium-sized species, body length <
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B3EFFCD8F54FE77FD81FDB62DF0" box="[478,558,626,650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
|
||
..................................................................................................... 3.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30832E7EFFCD8F54FF09FD59FB1C2BF8" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCD8F54FF09FD59FB1C2C15" blockId="4.[160,1156,682,1154]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCD8F54FF09FD59FB1C2C15" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
2. Clypeus wide and evenly curved, slightly sinuated at middle, male with cephalic horn cylindrical to conical (from above), frontal side of the horn always finely wrinkled; female with cephalic carina on the fronto-clypeal region, anteromedial region of pronotum feebly excavated, pronotal protuberance very weak (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134C2A5EFFCD8F54FBAFFCE1FBC52C50" box="[1030,1117,786,810]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[161,226,1421,1444]" captionTargetBox="[164,1145,145,1389]" captionTargetId="figure-82@6.[164,1153,140,1390]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Isocopris inhiatus. (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (e–f) Lamella copulatrix and secondary accessory lamella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181294/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
(a
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FBDFFCE1FB1B2C50" box="[1142,1155,786,810]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">–</emphasis>
|
||
b)). Anterior pronotal bead simple, metasternal surface completely covered by long and straight orange hairs.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCD8F54FE56FCA4FDA62C15" box="[511,574,855,879]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCD8F54FDE3FCA4FD282C15" box="[586,688,855,879]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
.................... ....................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCD8F54FC0EFCA5FB182C15" ID-CoL="3Q7X2" authority="(Germar)" baseAuthorityName="Germar" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[935,1152,854,879]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Isocopris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inhiatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FC0EFCA5FB8B2C15" box="[935,1043,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">I. inhiatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Germar)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCD8F54FF09FC84FB1C2BF8" blockId="4.[160,1156,682,1154]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCD8F54FF09FC84FB1C2BF8" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
2' Clypeus elongated forward and clearly narrower at middle, lateral margins straight, male with cephalic horn rectangular and transversally elongated, frontal side of the horn smooth to finely punctuated; female with cephalic carina between eyes, anteromedial region of the pronotum distinctly excavated, pronotal humps distinct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134C2A5EFFCD8F54FE1FFBF1FD8D2B60" box="[438,533,1026,1050]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[161,226,1400,1423]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,149,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[164,1153,145,1369]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Isocopris hypocrita. (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (e–f) Lamella copulatrix and secondary accessory lamella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181296/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(a
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FD83FBF1FDAF2B60" box="[554,567,1026,1050]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">–</emphasis>
|
||
b)). Anterior pronotal bead slightly concave at the middle of the posterior margin, metasternum with long hairs along the inner side of mesocoxae, metasternal disc bare.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCD8F54FD24FBB4FD5B2B25" box="[653,707,1095,1119]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
............................................................................ .................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCD8F54FD04FB9AFC1D2BF8" ID-CoL="3Q7WY" authority="(Lucas)" baseAuthorityName="Lucas" box="[685,901,1129,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Isocopris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hypocrita" status="comb. nov., stat. rev.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FD04FB9AFCB32BF8" box="[685,811,1129,1154]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">I. hypocrita</emphasis>
|
||
(Lucas)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057B2FFCD8F54FC26FB99FB1C2BF8" box="[911,1156,1130,1154]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">comb. nov., stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30832E7EFFCD8F54FF09FB51FB1C2AB6" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCD8F54FF09FB51FB1C2A3E" blockId="4.[160,1156,1186,1484]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCD8F54FF09FB51FB1C2A3E" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
3. Both sexes with a strong fronto-clypeal carina flanked by two hump-like weak tubercles, carina acuminated on both sides in male, straight in female, frons deeply depressed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134C2A5EFFCD8F54FEFDFB14FE372B85" box="[340,431,1255,1279]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[161,226,1203,1226]" captionTargetBox="[179,1143,152,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-116@10.[164,1153,144,1172]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Isocopris foveolatus. (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181302/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(a
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FE6AFB14FE482B85" box="[451,464,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">–</emphasis>
|
||
b)). Margin of the head distinctly notched at the clypeo-genal junction, body completely black, head and pronotum shining, elytra more opaque.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCD8F54FF7BFADFFE9F2A3E" box="[210,263,1324,1348]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
................................................... ...................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCD8F54FCFCFAD8FB182A3E" ID-CoL="3Q7WX" authority="(Luederwaldt)" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[853,1152,1323,1348]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Isocopris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foveolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FCFCFAD8FC412A3E" box="[853,985,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">I. foveolatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Luederwaldt)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCD8F54FF09FABFFB1C2AB6" blockId="4.[160,1156,1186,1484]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCD8F54FF09FABFFB1C2AB6" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">3' Both sexes with a conical cephalic horn, margin of the head either notched or angulated (genal margin wider than clypeus) at the clypeo-genal junction, frons either depressed or normal, clypeus weakly to distinctly reflexed at middle ............................................................................................................................................... 4.</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30832E7EFFCD8F54FF09FA1FFB1C29D5" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCD8F54FF09FA1FFB1C2930" blockId="4.[160,1156,1516,1711]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCD8F54FF09FA1FFB1C2930" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
4. Fore tibia with an inner-apical projection, tooth-like and directed inward, last protarsal segment strongly enlarged at the apex, tarsal claws very long and strongly folded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134C2A5EFFCD8F54FE83F9C1FE102930" box="[298,392,1586,1610]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[162,227,1257,1280]" captionTargetBox="[171,1150,141,1221]" captionTargetId="figure-167@11.[165,1154,138,1227]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Isocopris tarsalis. (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (e) Tarsal claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181304/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(a
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FE35F9C2FE312933" box="[412,425,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">–</emphasis>
|
||
b, e)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCD8F54FE5BF9C1FDB02930" box="[498,552,1586,1610]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
............................ ............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCD8F54FCD1F9C2FB182930" ID-CoL="3Q7X4" authority="(Luederwaldt)" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[888,1152,1585,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Isocopris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tarsalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCD8F54FCD1F9C2FC422930" box="[888,986,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">I. tarsalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Luederwaldt)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCD8F54FF09F9A1FB1C29D5" blockId="4.[160,1156,1516,1711]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCD8F54FF09F9A1FB1C29D5" pageId="4" pageNumber="1094">4' Fore tibia either normal or with an inner-apical projection directed forward, last protarsal segment normal and never strongly enlarged, tarsal claws short and weakly curved....................................................................................................................................... 5.</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30832E7EFFCC8F55FF09FF7DFB1C2E84" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCC8F55FF09FF7DFB1C2E2E" blockId="5.[160,1156,142,510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCC8F55FF09FF7DFB1C2E2E" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
5. Clypeus acuminate and sides feebly curved, weakly reflexed and distinctly sinuated at middle, with two obtuse teeth, head of both sexes with three conical tubercles, central tubercle stronger, lateral ones slightly backward, frons not depressed. Apical spur of the fore tibia with superior margin normal. Body black, elytra opaque to feebly shining and completely sericeous.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCC8F55FD6AFEEAFD672E4B" box="[707,767,281,305]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(only known of north of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B3F839FFCC8F55FBE8FEEAFE842E2E" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
|
||
), dry forest..............................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCC8F55FC19FEC8FBBA2E2E" ID-CoL="3Q7X5" authority="Rossini & Vaz-de-Mello, 2017" authorityName="Rossini & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2017" box="[944,1058,315,340]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Isocopris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xacriaba" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCC8F55FC19FEC8FBBA2E2E" box="[944,1058,315,340]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">I. xacriaba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057B2FFCC8F55FB82FECFFB1C2E2E" box="[1067,1156,316,340]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCC8F55FF09FEA8FB1C2E84" blockId="5.[160,1156,142,510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCC8F55FF09FEA8FB1C2E84" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
5' Clypeus with sides sinuated, strongly reflexed at middle, either transversally truncated or weakly sinuated, both sexes with a central conical horn flanked by two weak hump-like tubercles, frons slightly to distinctly depressed. Apical spur of the fore tibia with superior margin bifid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134C2A5EFFCC8F55FDDFFE30FD4B2EA1" box="[630,723,451,475]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[163,228,1143,1166]" captionTargetBox="[175,1146,139,1109]" captionTargetId="figure-133@8.[165,1154,138,1113]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Isocopris imitator. (a, d) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (b–c) Details of the pronotal and elytral punctuation. (e–f) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (g) Lamella copulatrix. (h) Apical spur of the fore tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181298/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(h)). Body completely shining, black to brownish. Known of Amazon and dry forests ........................................................................ 6.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30832E7EFFCC8F55FF09FDEDFB1C2DC4" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCC8F55FF09FDEDFB1C2D23" blockId="5.[160,1156,542,702]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCC8F55FF09FDEDFB1C2D23" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
6. Pronotum and elytra with a dense and shallow punctuation evenly distributed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134C2A5EFFCC8F55FF70FDB2FEA02D23" box="[217,312,577,601]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[163,228,1143,1166]" captionTargetBox="[175,1146,139,1109]" captionTargetId="figure-133@8.[165,1154,138,1113]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Isocopris imitator. (a, d) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (b–c) Details of the pronotal and elytral punctuation. (e–f) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (g) Lamella copulatrix. (h) Apical spur of the fore tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181298/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(b
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCC8F55FEE7FDB2FEC32D23" box="[334,347,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">–</emphasis>
|
||
c)). Size of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B3EFFCC8F55FE70FDB2FDCC2D23" box="[473,596,577,601]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="15.0">
|
||
15
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCC8F55FE5DFDB2FD992D23" box="[500,513,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">–</emphasis>
|
||
22 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCC8F55FDC9FDB2FD0F2D23" box="[608,663,577,601]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
......................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCC8F55FC8FFDB3FC642D23" authority="(Felsche)" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" box="[806,1020,576,601]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCC8F55FC8FFDB3FC092D23" box="[806,913,576,601]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">I. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
(Felsche)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057B2FFCC8F55FBACFDB2FB1C2D23" box="[1029,1156,577,601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC836DBFFCC8F55FF09FD93FB1C2DC4" blockId="5.[160,1156,542,702]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
<keyLead id="308695EEFFCC8F55FF09FD93FB1C2DC4" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">
|
||
6' Pronotum and elytra with a very fine and inconspicuous punctuation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134C2A5EFFCC8F55FC4AFD93FBD82D02" box="[995,1088,608,632]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1168,1191]" captionTargetBox="[170,1142,153,1132]" captionTargetId="figure-174@9.[163,1152,149,1137]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Isocopris nitidus. (a, d) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (b–c) Details of the pronotal and elytral punctuation. (e–f) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (g) Lamella copulatrix." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5181300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5181300/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(b
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCC8F55FBFCFD93FBFA2D02" box="[1109,1122,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">–</emphasis>
|
||
c)). Size of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8F9B3EFFCC8F55FE8FFD70FE3A2DE1" box="[294,418,643,667]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="12.0">
|
||
12
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCC8F55FEE8FD70FED62DE1" box="[321,334,643,667]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">–</emphasis>
|
||
18 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCC8F55FE07FD70FDCC2DE1" box="[430,596,643,667]" name="French Guiana" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCC8F55FDC9FD70FD042DE1" box="[608,668,643,667]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F360764BFFCC8F55FD71FD70FC9C2DE1" box="[728,772,643,667]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.................................................................... ..............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C774D58FFCC8F55FD25FD56FC162DC4" ID-CoL="4HZVC" authority="(Luederwaldt)" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" box="[652,910,677,702]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus" status="comb. nov., stat. rev.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B903EAC9FFCC8F55FD25FD56FD722DC4" box="[652,746,677,702]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">I. nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
(Luederwaldt)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057B2FFCC8F55FC3EFD55FB1C2DC4" box="[919,1156,678,702]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1095">comb. nov., stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |