553 lines
85 KiB
XML
553 lines
85 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="86AA71932310229E7435866886FFD398">An integrative taxonomic review of the South Asian microhylid genus Uperodon</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D4A4166C1B9462FF5ACF75FE85FE38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5587721" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141119105" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5587721" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D4A4166C1B9462FF5ACF75FE85FE38" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D4A4166C1B9462FF5ACF75FE85FE38" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<paragraph id="8BC215006C1B946DFF5ACF75FDC8FC85" blockId="38.[151,842,799,895]" box="[151,616,799,826]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFF5ACF75FDC8FC85" ID-CoL="7DLVV" authority="(Stoliczka, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[151,616,799,826]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
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<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF5ACF75FE33FC86" bold="true" box="[151,403,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Uperodon variegatus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFE6ECF4AFDC0FC85" author="Stoliczka, F." box="[419,608,800,826]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="101 - 113" refId="ref51385" refString="Stoliczka, F. (1872) Observations on Indian Batrachia. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872, 101 - 113." title="Observations on Indian Batrachia" type="proceedings paper" year="1872">Stoliczka, 1872</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BC215006C1B946DFF5ACF28FE14FCE4" blockId="38.[151,842,799,895]" box="[151,436,834,859]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Variegated Globular Frog</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC215006C1B946DFF5ACF0CFCEAFCC0" blockId="38.[151,842,799,895]" box="[151,842,870,895]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134609856C1B946DFF52CF0CFF4CFCC0" box="[159,236,870,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,199,1603]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,195,1608]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 1. Maximum Likelihood phylogram based on 511 bp of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences from 73 individuals representing all known members of the genus Uperodon. Three samples representing taxon under synonymy are shown inquotationmarks.Outgroup not shown for graphical purposes.BayesianPosterior Probabilities and bootstrap values of>50 are shown above and below the branches, respectively. Values towards the species labels represent mean uncorrected genetic distances between the species with range values in parentheses." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183457/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134609856C1B946DFF37CF0DFEBFFCC0" box="[250,287,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1617,1639]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,196,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1595]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 2. A. Geographic distribution of the genus Uperodon in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka; B. Distributionof Uperodon globulosus, U. systomaand U.taprobanicus; C. Distribution of four endemic Uperodon species of the Western Ghats (excluding the widely distributed Indian member U. variegatus, shown in Fig.12A); D. Distribution of four endemic Uperdodon species of Sri Lanka. Details of localities reported in the present study are provided in Table 1. Records from literature are listed in supplementary Table S1 and indicated here based onapproximate coordinates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183459/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">2A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="134609856C1B946DFEE6CF0DFEEFFCC0" box="[299,335,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,644,1728]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,644,1728]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Preserved type specimens of Uperodon species in dorsal and ventral view. A. Uperodon systoma, Syntype, ZMB 3551 (female); B. Uperodon globulosus, Syntype, NHM 62.12.29.4 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.10.97) (female); C. Kaloula pulchra taprobanica, Holotype, NHM 1905.3.25.138 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.10.62) (female); D. Ramanella anamalaiensis, Neotype, ZSI/ WGRC/V/A/956 (male); E. Hylaedactylus montanus, Holotype, NHM 72.4.17.212 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.19) (female); F. Ramanella mormorata, Neotype, ZSI/WGRC/V/A/958, (female); G. Ramanella nagaoi, Holotype, WHT 2826 (male); H. Callula obscura, Holotype, NHM 58.11.28.42 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.20) (female); I. Ramanella palmata, Holotype, NHM 90.11.8.62 (ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.21); J. Callula triangularis, Lectotype, NHM 74.4.29.897 (ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.15) (male); K.Hylaedactylus carnaticus, Lectotype, ZSI 2761(female); L. Uperodonrohani sp. nov., Holotype, DZ1449 (male).(Images: SD Biju and Sonali Garg)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183461/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">3K</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134609856C1B946DFE96CF0CFED6FCC0" box="[347,374,870,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1589,1611]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,1093,1561]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,1087,1567]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ventral surface of the palate in Uperodon species showing vomerine odontophores separated or fused with dermal projectionsand/or neopalatinalridgeson posterior sides ofthe choanae (indicated witharrows).A. Uperodon systoma, SDBDU 2005.2787 (female) and SDBDU 2005.2806 (male); B. Uperodon globulosus, SDBDU 2014.2673 (female) and SDBDU 2005.4762 (female); C. Uperodon taprobanicus, SDBDU 2007.6364 (female) and SDBDU 2005.4732A (male); D. Uperodon anamalaiensis, SDBDU 2013.2302 (female) and SDBDU 2002.3050 (male); E. Uperodon montanus, SDBDU 2002.24B (female) and SDBDU 2003.40115 (male); F. Uperodon mormorata, SDBDU 2011.507 (male) and SDBDU 2012.43 (male); G. Uperodon obscurus, DZ 1366 (male); H. Uperodon palmatus, DZ 1331 (male); I. Uperodon triangularis, SDBDU 2007.6400 (female) and ZSI/WGRC/V/A/959 (male); J. Uperodon variegatus, SDBDU 2005.4726 (female) and SDBDU 2005.4727 (male); K.Uperodon rohani sp. nov., DZ 1521 (male).(Images:SD Biju)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183465/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">5J</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="134609856C1B946DFE4FCF0DFE74FCC0" box="[386,468,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1229,1251]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,537,1193]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,531,1208]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 10. Head, hand, foot and foot webbing in Uperodon obscurus, U. palmatus, U. triangularis and U.variegatus. A–D. Holotype ofUperodon obscurus(NHM58.11.28.42 ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.20, female):A. Lateralview of head; B. ventral view of hand; C. ventral view of foot; D. schematic illustration of foot webbing; E–H. Holotype of Uperodon palmatus (NHM 90.11.8.62 ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.21, female): E. Lateral view of head; F. ventral view of hand; G. ventral view of foot; H. schematic illustration of foot webbing; I–L. Lectotype of Uperodon triangularis (NHM 74.4.29.897 ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.15, male): I. Lateral view of head; J. ventral view of hand; K. ventral view of foot; L. schematic illustration of foot webbing; M. Lectotype of Uperodon variegatus (ZSI 2761, female), lateral view of head; N–P. Referred specimen of Uperodon variegatus (ZSI 4726, female): N. ventral view of hand; O. ventral view of foot; P. schematic illustration of foot webbing. (Illustrations: SD Biju)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183475/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">10M–P</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134609856C1B946DFE12CF0DFD88FCC0" box="[479,552,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1093,1115]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,450,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,450,1072]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 11. Uperodon palmatus, U. triangularis and U. variegatus in life. A–E. Uperodon palmatus: A. Dorsolateral view (DZ 1372, male); B. dorsolateral view (DZ 1372, male); C. ventral view (DZ 1371, male); D. dorsal view (DZ 1331, male); E. dorsolateral view (DZ 1331, male); F–K. Uperodon triangularis: F. Dorsolateral view (ZSI/WGRC/V/A/959, male); G. dorsal view (SDBDU 2015.2857, male); H. ventral view (SDBDU 2015.2857, male); I. dorsolateral view (SDBDU 2011.502, male); J. dorsolateral view (SDBDU 2012.2200, subadult male); K. dorsofrontal view (SDBDU 2012.2038, male); L–P. Uperodon variegatus: L. Dorsolateral view (not preserved); M. ventral view (SDBDU 2007.4994, male); N. dorsolateral view (not preserved); O. dorsolateral view of an albino (or possibly leucistic) form (not preserved); P. dorsolateral view (not preserved). (Images: SD Biju,Sonali Garg, N & P - Shyamal L, O - Romulus Whitaker)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183477/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">11L–P</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="134609856C1B946DFDF9CF0DFDC6FCC0" box="[564,614,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE12" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,988,1540]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[150,1436,988,1540]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE12. A.Distributionof Uperodon variegatus andUperodon rohani sp. nov. Detailsof localities reported inthe present study are provided in Table 1. Records from literature are listed in supplementary Table S1 and indicated here based on approximatecoordinates; B–E. Head, hand, footand schematic illustration of foot webbing inthe holotype of Uperodonrohani sp. nov. (DZ 1449, male): B. lateral view of head; C. ventral view of hand; D. ventral view of foot; E. foot webbing; F–J. Uperodonrohani sp. nov. (DZ 1449,male) inlife:F. dorsolateral view; G. dorsal view; H.ventral view; I. Uperodon rohanisp. nov. (Paratype,DZ 1485, female),dorsal view; J. Uperodon rohanisp. nov. (DZ 1130, female), dorsolateral view.(Images:SD Biju)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183479/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">12A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="134609856C1B946DFDBFCF0DFD30FCC0" box="[626,656,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="40.[151,250,716,738]" captionTargetBox="[166,1415,201,683]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1435,193,694]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 13. Principal Component Analyses showing morphometric differentiation between Uperodon rohani sp. nov. and U. variegatus based on 17 morphological characters. Left: Plot for the first two factor planes explaining 54.4% of the variations among 28 adult male specimens. Right: Plot for the first two factor planes explaining 73% of the variations among 15 adult female specimens.Factor loadings for each component are provided in Table S2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183481/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="134609856C1B946DFD51CF0DFD1BFCC0" box="[668,699,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURE14" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1533,1555]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,885,1494]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,879,1511]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE14.Cleared and double stainedspecimens of Uperodon rohani sp. nov. (above) and U.variegatus (below).From left to right: Dorsal view of the crania composed of nasals (NS), frontoparietals (FP), prootics (PR), exoccipitals (EX) and squamosals (SQ); anteroventral view of the crania showing components of the upper jaw, premaxillae (PM) and maxillae (MA); ventral view of the lower jaw comprising of dentaries (DN), angulosplenials (AG) and mentomeckelians (MM). Bones are indicated in red, cartilage in blue. (Images: Gayani Senevirathne)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183483/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">14</figureCitation>
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;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FF20BB6C1B946DFD0ACF0CFCE1FCC0" box="[711,833,870,895]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStart-2="TABLE 4" captionStartId-0="4.[151,239,1593,1616]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,239,1084,1107]" captionStartId-2="48.[119,193,547,566]" captionTargetBox-2="[135,1884,616,1625]" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Collection localities for the genetically and/or morphologically studied Uperodon samples in the present study." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Samples used for the molecular study." captionText-2="TABLE 4. Morphometric measurements of Uperodon species.All measurements are in millimetres (mm). The status of each specimen is given after the museum number:Holotype (HT), Paratype (PT), Neotype (NT), Lectotype (LT), Syntype (ST)." httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0245886C0D947BFFBACE49F8ECFD89" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" tableUuid-2="DF0245886C0D947BFFBACE49F8ECFD89">Tables 1–4</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C1B946DFF5ACFC4FDD6FBC4" blockId="38.[151,1437,942,2011]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF5ACFC4FD90FC78" bold="true" box="[151,560,942,967]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Original name and description.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFD8FCFC4FC43FC78" authority="Stoliczka, 1872" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1872" box="[578,995,942,967]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFD8FCFC4FCB4FC79" box="[578,788,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Callula variegata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFCEACFC4FC43FC78" author="Stoliczka, F." box="[807,995,942,967]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="101 - 113" refId="ref51385" refString="Stoliczka, F. (1872) Observations on Indian Batrachia. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872, 101 - 113." title="Observations on Indian Batrachia" type="proceedings paper" year="1872">Stoliczka, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Observations on Indian Batrachia.
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF5ACFB8FD39FC54" box="[151,665,978,1003]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal</emphasis>
|
||
, 1872: 101–113.
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFCABCFB8FC44FC54" bold="true" box="[870,996,978,1003]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Lectotype.</emphasis>
|
||
By present designation, ZSI 2761, an adult female, SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B8E56C1B946DFEBCCF9DFE79FBB1" box="[369,473,1015,1039]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.98" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="29.8">29.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFE28CF9CFD25FBB0" bold="true" box="[485,645,1014,1039]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Type locality.</emphasis>
|
||
“Ellore” (=Eluru, Andhra Pradesh) India.
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFBA6CF9CFF7FFB8C" bold="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Current status of specific name.</emphasis>
|
||
Valid name, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFE59C870FCEFFB8C" authority="(Stoliczka, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[404,847,1050,1075]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFE59C870FD23FB8C" box="[404,643,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Uperodon variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFD5EC870FCE7FB8C" author="Stoliczka, F." box="[659,839,1050,1075]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="101 - 113" refId="ref51385" refString="Stoliczka, F. (1872) Observations on Indian Batrachia. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872, 101 - 113." title="Observations on Indian Batrachia" type="proceedings paper" year="1872">Stoliczka, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFC96C870FC7DFB8C" bold="true" box="[859,989,1050,1075]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Synonyms.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFC29C870FAA3FB8C" box="[996,1283,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Hylaedactylus carnaticus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFAC6C870FA3CFB8C" author="Jerdon, T. C." box="[1291,1436,1050,1075]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 22" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="522 - 534" part="1853" refId="ref45860" refString="Jerdon, T. C. (1854 " 1853 ") Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Peninsula of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 22, 522 - 534.?" title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Peninsula of India" type="journal article" year="1854">Jerdon, 1854</bibRefCitation>
|
||
“1853” (by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFED6C854FE07FBE8" author="Parker, H. W." bookContentInfo="208 pp." box="[283,423,1086,1111]" journalOrPublisher="Trustees of the British Museum, London" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref38477" refString="Parker, H. W. (1934) A Monograph of the Frogs of the Family Microhylidae. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 208 pp." title="A Monograph of the Frogs of the Family Microhylidae" type="book" year="1934">Parker 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFE76C854FCBCFBE8" authority="Gunther, 1876" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1876" box="[443,796,1086,1111]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFE76C854FDD5FBE8" box="[443,629,1086,1111]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Callula olivacea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFDB1C854FCBCFBE8" author="Gunther, A. C. L. G." box="[636,796,1086,1111]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1875" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="567 - 577" part="1875" refId="ref44979" refString="Gunther, A. C. L. G. (1876 " 1875 ") Third report on collections of Indian reptiles obtained by the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1875, 567 - 577." title="Third report on collections of Indian reptiles obtained by the British Museum" type="journal article" year="1876">Günther, 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“1875” (by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFC65C854FBFFFBE8" author="Boulenger, G. A." bookContentInfo="541 pp." box="[936,1119,1086,1111]" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref36266" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1890) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor and Francis, London, 541 pp." title="The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia" type="book" year="1890">Boulenger 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFB6FC854FE0AFBC4" authority="Rao and Ramanna, 1925" authorityName="Rao and Ramanna" authorityYear="1925" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Ramanella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="symbioitca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFB6FC854FA3CFBE8" box="[1186,1436,1086,1111]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ramanella symbioitca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFF5AC809FE0AFBC4" author="Rao, C. R. & Ramanna, B. S." box="[151,426,1122,1147]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoology" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="587 - 597" part="95" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1925.tb01529.x" refId="ref38907" refString="Rao, C. R. & Ramanna, B. S. (1925) On a new Genus of the Family Engystomatidae (Batrachia). Journal of Zoology, 95 (2), 587 - 597 https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1925. tb 01529. x" title="On a new Genus of the Family Engystomatidae (Batrachia)" type="journal article" year="1925">Rao and Ramanna, 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFE13C808FDCAFBC4" author="Parker, H. W." bookContentInfo="208 pp." box="[478,618,1122,1147]" journalOrPublisher="Trustees of the British Museum, London" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref38477" refString="Parker, H. W. (1934) A Monograph of the Frogs of the Family Microhylidae. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 208 pp." title="A Monograph of the Frogs of the Family Microhylidae" type="book" year="1934">Parker 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C1B946DFF0AC8ECFEBBF904" blockId="38.[151,1437,942,2011]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF0AC8ECFCF1FB20" bold="true" box="[199,849,1158,1183]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Lectotypification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFE72C8ECFCECFB20" authority="Stoliczka, 1872" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1872" box="[447,844,1158,1183]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFE72C8ECFD2AFB21" bold="true" box="[447,650,1158,1183]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Callula variegata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFD58C8ECFCECFB20" author="Stoliczka, F." box="[661,844,1158,1183]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="101 - 113" refId="ref51385" refString="Stoliczka, F. (1872) Observations on Indian Batrachia. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872, 101 - 113." title="Observations on Indian Batrachia" type="proceedings paper" year="1872">Stoliczka, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The original description of this species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFAFFC8ECFF70FB7C" author="Stoliczka, F." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="101 - 113" refId="ref51385" refString="Stoliczka, F. (1872) Observations on Indian Batrachia. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872, 101 - 113." title="Observations on Indian Batrachia" type="proceedings paper" year="1872">Stoliczka 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) mentions two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C6ABA26C1B946DFEB3C8C1FE40FB7C" box="[382,480,1195,1219]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
from “Ellore”. ZSI 2761 was indicated as one of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C6ABA26C1B946DFBFBC8C1FB38FB7C" box="[1078,1176,1195,1219]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFB6BC8C0FA99FB7C" author="Sclater, W. L." bookContentInfo="43 pp." box="[1190,1337,1194,1219]" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref39059" refString="Sclater, W. L. (1892) List of the Batrachia in the Indian Museum. Taylor and Francis, London, 43 pp." title="List of the Batrachia in the Indian Museum" type="book" year="1892">Sclater 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and for the second specimen NHMW 4019 and BMNH 74.11.12.2 have been suggested as possible candidates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFAD0C8A4FEBAFAB4" author="Tiedemann, F. & Haupl, M. & Grillitsch, H." bookContentInfo="42 pp." journalOrPublisher="Kataloge Band 9 der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien. Vertebrata. Heft 3. Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref39541" refString="Tiedemann, F., Haupl, M. & Grillitsch, H. (1994) Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung nach dem Stand vom 1. Janner 1994. Teil I: Amphibia. Kataloge Band 9 der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien. Vertebrata. Heft 3. Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, 42 pp." title="Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung nach dem Stand vom 1. Janner 1994. Teil I: Amphibia" type="book" year="1994">
|
||
Tiedemann
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF5AC89EFF6CFAB4" box="[151,204,1266,1291]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFEE7C899FD7FFAB4" author="Dutta, S. K. & Manamendra-Arachchi, K." bookContentInfo="230 pp." box="[298,735,1266,1291]" journalOrPublisher="Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref36907" refString="Dutta, S. K. & Manamendra-Arachchi, K. (1996) The Amphibian fauna of Sri Lanka. Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo, 230 pp." title="The Amphibian fauna of Sri Lanka" type="book" year="1996">Dutta & Manamendra-Arachchi 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFD22C899FCD4FAB4" author="Dutta, S. K." bookContentInfo="342 pp." box="[751,884,1267,1291]" journalOrPublisher="Odyssey Publishing House, Bhubaneswar" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref36876" refString="Dutta, S. K. (1997) Amphibians of India and Sri Lanka, (Checklist and Bibliography). Odyssey Publishing House, Bhubaneswar, 342 pp." title="Amphibians of India and Sri Lanka, (Checklist and Bibliography)" type="book" year="1997">Dutta 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFC49C898FBC9FAB4" author="Chanda, S. K. & Das, I & Dubois, A." box="[900,1129,1266,1291]" journalOrPublisher="Hamadryad" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="100 - 128" part="25" refId="ref36352" refString="Chanda, S. K., Das, I. & Dubois, A. (2000) Catalogue of amphibian types in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India. Hamadryad, 25 (2), 100 - 128." title="Catalogue of amphibian types in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Chanda
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFC29C89EFBBAFAB4" box="[996,1050,1266,1291]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the present study, the available samples at ZSI, Kolkata (ZSI 2761) and Natural History Museum, London (BMNH 74.11.12.2) were examined. Both these specimens were found to be identical in species status and were in agreement with the original description. However, since this species was described based on two specimens, and there have been confusions related to the status of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C6ABA26C1B946DFDD1C9E9FDDEFA24" box="[540,638,1411,1435]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFD43C9E8FCC8FA24" author="Chanda, S. K. & Das, I & Dubois, A." box="[654,872,1410,1435]" journalOrPublisher="Hamadryad" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="100 - 128" part="25" refId="ref36352" refString="Chanda, S. K., Das, I. & Dubois, A. (2000) Catalogue of amphibian types in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India. Hamadryad, 25 (2), 100 - 128." title="Catalogue of amphibian types in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Chanda
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFD20C9EEFCBFFA24" box="[749,799,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as well as species identification (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFAEAC9E9FA37FA24" author="Rao, C. R. N." box="[1319,1431,1411,1435]" journalOrPublisher="India. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Section B" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="387 - 427" part="6" refId="ref49235" refString="Rao, C. R. N. (1937) On some new forms of Batrachia from S. India. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Section B, 6, 387 - 427." title="On some new forms of Batrachia from S" type="journal article" year="1937">Rao 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFF5AC9CCFE99FA00" author="Gunther, A. C. L. G." box="[151,313,1446,1471]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1875" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="567 - 577" part="1875" refId="ref44979" refString="Gunther, A. C. L. G. (1876 " 1875 ") Third report on collections of Indian reptiles obtained by the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1875, 567 - 577." title="Third report on collections of Indian reptiles obtained by the British Museum" type="journal article" year="1876">Günther 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
“1875”), apart from the availability of several poorly-defined nominal taxa currently in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFEF8C9A0FD85FA5C" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[309,549,1482,1507]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFEF8C9A0FD85FA5C" box="[309,549,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Uperodon variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in accordance with Article 74 of The Code, designation of a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C6ABA26C1B946DFB3BC9A0FAFDFA5C" box="[1270,1373,1482,1507]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C6ABA26C1B946DFF5AC985FF59F9B8" box="[151,249,1519,1543]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
is advisable for it “to become the unique bearer of the name of a nominal species-group taxon and the standard for its application” in order to clarify the taxonomic status of this species. Hence, based on diagnostic characters found useful for differentiating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFDB5CA5CFCC7F9F1" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[632,871,1590,1615]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFDB5CA5CFCC7F9F1" box="[632,871,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Uperodon variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from its congeners (as stated in the ‘comparison’ section below), we herein designate ZSI 2761 (an adult female, SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B8E56C1B946DFC66CA31FBB1F9CC" box="[939,1041,1627,1651]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.98" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="29.8">29.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) from “Ellore”, as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C6ABA26C1B946DFADBCA30FADDF9CC" box="[1302,1405,1626,1651]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFF5ACA14FDB8F928" authority="Stoliczka, 1872" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1872" box="[151,536,1662,1687]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF5ACA14FEFFF929" box="[151,351,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Callula variegata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC68F16C1B946DFEABCA14FDB8F928" author="Stoliczka, F." box="[358,536,1662,1687]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="101 - 113" refId="ref51385" refString="Stoliczka, F. (1872) Observations on Indian Batrachia. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1872, 101 - 113." title="Observations on Indian Batrachia" type="proceedings paper" year="1872">Stoliczka, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C6ABA26C1B946DFD9ACA14FD1DF928" box="[599,701,1662,1687]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
description provided subsequently is consistent with the original description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C1B946DFF0ACAACFA94F82C" blockId="38.[151,1437,942,2011]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF0ACAACFEC1F960" bold="true" box="[199,353,1734,1759]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Comparison.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFEA7CAACFDF9F961" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[362,601,1734,1759]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFEA7CAACFDF9F961" box="[362,601,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Uperodon variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be confused with any of the known member of this genus, except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFF5ACA80FEF8F8BC" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,344,1770,1795]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF5ACA80FEF8F8BC" box="[151,344,1770,1795]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Uperodon rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFE92CA80FE18F8BC" bold="true" box="[351,440,1770,1795]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C1B946DFE92CA80FE18F8BC" box="[351,440,1770,1795]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, because of its dorsal skin that has prominent spots or blotches, and ventral skin white to off-white without any spots, blotches or mottling.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFD0BCB64FC13F899" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[710,947,1806,1831]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFD0BCB64FC13F899" box="[710,947,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Uperodon variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFB88CB64FAA7F898" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[1093,1287,1806,1831]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFB88CB64FAA7F898" box="[1093,1287,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Uperodon rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFAC0CB64FAC6F898" bold="true" box="[1293,1382,1806,1831]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C1B946DFAC0CB64FAC6F898" box="[1293,1382,1806,1831]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by a suite of morphological characters (including osteology) and considerable genetic divergence. For comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFF5ACB3DFE98F8D0" box="[151,312,1878,1903]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="globulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF5ACB3DFE98F8D0" box="[151,312,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">U. globulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFE80CB3DFE6FF8D1" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1799" box="[333,463,1879,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="systoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFE80CB3DFE6FF8D1" box="[333,463,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">U. systoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFE29CB3DFD3FF8D0" baseAuthorityName="Parker" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[484,671,1878,1903]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taprobanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFE29CB3DFD3FF8D0" box="[484,671,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">U. taprobanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFD7ECB3DFCDEF8D0" authorityName="M Parambikulam" baseAuthorityName="Rao" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[691,894,1878,1903]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anamalaiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFD7ECB3DFCDEF8D0" box="[691,894,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">U. anamalaiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFC5FCB3DFB87F8D1" box="[914,1063,1879,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFC5FCB3DFB87F8D1" box="[914,1063,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">U. montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFBF1CB3DFB42F8D1" baseAuthorityName="Rao" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[1084,1250,1879,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mormorata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFBF1CB3DFB42F8D1" box="[1084,1250,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">U. mormorata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFB3BCB3DFACCF8D1" baseAuthorityName="Manamendra-Arachchi and Pethiyagoda" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1270,1388,1879,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nagaoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFB3BCB3DFACCF8D1" box="[1270,1388,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">U. nagaoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFA4CCB3DFF5CF82C" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFA4CCB3DFF5CF82C" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">U. obscurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFEC7CB16FDE9F82C" box="[266,585,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFEC7CB16FE35F82C" box="[266,405,1914,1939]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmatus">U. palmatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFE6CCB16FDE9F82C" box="[417,585,1914,1939]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">U. triangularis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFDB2CB16FD4BF82C" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[639,747,1914,1939]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFDB2CB16FD4BF82C" box="[639,747,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">U. rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFD3FCB10FCECF82C" bold="true" box="[754,844,1914,1939]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C1B946DFD3FCB10FCECF82C" box="[754,844,1914,1939]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
see ‘comparison’ sections of those species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C1B946CFF0ACBF4FC8AFEA3" blockId="38.[151,1437,942,2011]" lastBlockId="39.[151,1437,151,933]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFF0ACBF4FE12F808" bold="true" box="[199,434,1950,1975]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Genetic divergence.</emphasis>
|
||
For 16S mitochondrial gene sequences, the sampled populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1B946DFB63CBF4FA3CF809" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1198,1436,1950,1975]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFB63CBF4FA3CF809" box="[1198,1436,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Uperodon variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
showed an average intraspecific distance of 0.7% (range 0–1.2%,
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1B946DFCB0CBAEFC30F864" box="[893,912,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 4). The samples from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C1B946DFB6ACBA8FABAF864" box="[1191,1306,1986,2011]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C1B946DFA9CCBA8FA3CF864" box="[1361,1436,1986,2011]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C1A946CFF53CCF2FF5BFF0F" box="[158,251,152,176]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Western" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western</collectingRegion>
|
||
Ghats) showed a divergence of up to 1.2% with the populations from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C1A946CFBEBCCFDFB7CFF0F" box="[1062,1244,151,176]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C1A946CFADBCCFDFA3DFF0F" box="[1302,1437,151,176]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C1A946CFF53CCD6FF54FF6B" box="[158,244,188,212]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Eastern" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
Ghats). Genetically,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1A946CFE24CCD7FD24FF6B" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[489,644,189,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFE24CCD7FD24FF6B" box="[489,644,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">U. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1A946CFCB4CCD7FC48FF6A" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[889,1000,188,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFCB4CCD7FC48FF6A" box="[889,1000,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">U. rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFC3CCCD6FBEEFF6A" bold="true" box="[1009,1102,188,213]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C1A946CFC3CCCD6FBEEFF6A" box="[1009,1102,188,213]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, from which it was found to differ by an average uncorrected genetic distance of 2.8% (range 2.4–3.4%,
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFBD8CC8BFB88FF47" box="[1045,1064,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 24). For interspecific genetic distances with all other members of the genus, see Table 3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C1A946CFF0ACD4DFCE7FC87" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFF0ACD4DFE4BFEFF" bold="true" box="[199,491,295,320]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C6ABA26C1A946CFE4DCD4DFE4BFEFF" box="[384,491,295,320]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(measurements in mm) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134609856C1A946CFCDACD4DFCDFFEFF" box="[791,895,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,644,1728]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,644,1728]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Preserved type specimens of Uperodon species in dorsal and ventral view. A. Uperodon systoma, Syntype, ZMB 3551 (female); B. Uperodon globulosus, Syntype, NHM 62.12.29.4 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.10.97) (female); C. Kaloula pulchra taprobanica, Holotype, NHM 1905.3.25.138 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.10.62) (female); D. Ramanella anamalaiensis, Neotype, ZSI/ WGRC/V/A/956 (male); E. Hylaedactylus montanus, Holotype, NHM 72.4.17.212 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.19) (female); F. Ramanella mormorata, Neotype, ZSI/WGRC/V/A/958, (female); G. Ramanella nagaoi, Holotype, WHT 2826 (male); H. Callula obscura, Holotype, NHM 58.11.28.42 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.20) (female); I. Ramanella palmata, Holotype, NHM 90.11.8.62 (ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.21); J. Callula triangularis, Lectotype, NHM 74.4.29.897 (ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.15) (male); K.Hylaedactylus carnaticus, Lectotype, ZSI 2761(female); L. Uperodonrohani sp. nov., Holotype, DZ1449 (male).(Images: SD Biju and Sonali Garg)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183461/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs. 3K</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134609856C1A946CFC42CD42FC68FEFF" box="[911,968,296,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1229,1251]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,537,1193]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,531,1208]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 10. Head, hand, foot and foot webbing in Uperodon obscurus, U. palmatus, U. triangularis and U.variegatus. A–D. Holotype ofUperodon obscurus(NHM58.11.28.42 ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.20, female):A. Lateralview of head; B. ventral view of hand; C. ventral view of foot; D. schematic illustration of foot webbing; E–H. Holotype of Uperodon palmatus (NHM 90.11.8.62 ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.21, female): E. Lateral view of head; F. ventral view of hand; G. ventral view of foot; H. schematic illustration of foot webbing; I–L. Lectotype of Uperodon triangularis (NHM 74.4.29.897 ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.15, male): I. Lateral view of head; J. ventral view of hand; K. ventral view of foot; L. schematic illustration of foot webbing; M. Lectotype of Uperodon variegatus (ZSI 2761, female), lateral view of head; N–P. Referred specimen of Uperodon variegatus (ZSI 4726, female): N. ventral view of hand; O. ventral view of foot; P. schematic illustration of foot webbing. (Illustrations: SD Biju)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183475/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">10M</figureCitation>
|
||
). Small-sized (SVL 29.8), slender adult female; head small (HW 8.7, HL 7.1, IFE 4.3, IBE 8.3), less than one-fourth (23.8%) of body length, wider than long (HW/HL ratio 1.2); snout rounded to nearly truncate in dorsal and ventral view, acute in lateral view, its length (SL 3.2) longer than horizontal diameter of eye (EL 2.7); loreal region obtuse with rounded canthus rostralis; interorbital space more than twice as wide (IUE 3.6) as upper eyelid (UEW 1.4); nostril closer to tip of snout (NS 0.9) than to eye (EN 1.9); supratympanic fold distinct, extending from posterior corner of upper eyelid to insertion of forelimb at axilla; eye diameter (EL 2.7); vomerine odontophores present on the palate, without teeth; presence of two weakly-developed neopalatinal ridges on posterior side of each choana, fused with the vomerine odontophores; tongue emarginate. Forearm (FAL 5.0) shorter than hand length (HAL 7.8); finger length formula I<II<IV<III, tips of all fingers with truncate discs, discs moderately wide compared to finger width; subarticular tubercles prominent, oval, all present; two well-developed palmar tubercles (inner, oval,
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B8E56C1A946CFB7DCEFAFAABFD18" box="[1200,1291,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; outer, shallowly lobed, 1.0 mm long). Hind limbs relatively long, thigh length (TL 11.3) longer than shank (SHL 9.9) and shorter than foot (FOL 12.7); tips of all toes with small truncate to rounded discs; webbing absent between toes; dermal fringes absent on all toes; subarticular tubercles prominent, oval; two smooth metatarsal tubercles, oval, outer one longer (
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B8E56C1A946CFE93CF4AFE15FC88" box="[350,437,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) than the inner (
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B8E56C1A946CFD6BCF4AFD5EFC88" box="[678,766,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C1A946CFF0ACF2EFD03FC1A" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Skin of snout, between eyes, sides of head, anterior part of dorsum, posterior parts of back, and upper and lower parts of flank, shagreened (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134609856C1A946CFDE8CF0DFD24FC3F" box="[549,644,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,644,1728]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,644,1728]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Preserved type specimens of Uperodon species in dorsal and ventral view. A. Uperodon systoma, Syntype, ZMB 3551 (female); B. Uperodon globulosus, Syntype, NHM 62.12.29.4 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.10.97) (female); C. Kaloula pulchra taprobanica, Holotype, NHM 1905.3.25.138 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.10.62) (female); D. Ramanella anamalaiensis, Neotype, ZSI/ WGRC/V/A/956 (male); E. Hylaedactylus montanus, Holotype, NHM 72.4.17.212 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.19) (female); F. Ramanella mormorata, Neotype, ZSI/WGRC/V/A/958, (female); G. Ramanella nagaoi, Holotype, WHT 2826 (male); H. Callula obscura, Holotype, NHM 58.11.28.42 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.20) (female); I. Ramanella palmata, Holotype, NHM 90.11.8.62 (ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.21); J. Callula triangularis, Lectotype, NHM 74.4.29.897 (ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.15) (male); K.Hylaedactylus carnaticus, Lectotype, ZSI 2761(female); L. Uperodonrohani sp. nov., Holotype, DZ1449 (male).(Images: SD Biju and Sonali Garg)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183461/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 3K</figureCitation>
|
||
); dorsal surfaces of forelimb, thigh, tibia and tarsus, shagreened to sparsely granular; ventral surfaces shagreened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0245886C1A946CFF5ACA73FF72F958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183479/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[151,250,1561,1583]" targetBox="[151,1436,988,1540]" targetPageId="39">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C1A946CFF5ACA73FF72F958" blockId="39.[151,1436,1561,1767]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFF5ACA73FE9EF990" bold="true" box="[151,318,1561,1583]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 12. A.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1A946CFE13CA73FD15F990" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[478,693,1561,1583]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFE13CA73FD15F990" box="[478,693,1561,1583]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Uperodon variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1A946CFD28CA73FC34F990" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[741,916,1561,1583]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFD28CA73FC34F990" box="[741,916,1561,1583]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Uperodon rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFC57CA73FC4AF990" bold="true" box="[922,1002,1561,1583]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C1A946CFC57CA73FC4AF990" box="[922,1002,1561,1583]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Details of localities reported in the present study are provided in Table 1. Records from literature are listed in supplementary Table S1 and indicated here based on approximate coordinates;
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFE50CA3DFE72F9D2" bold="true" box="[413,466,1623,1645]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B–E.</emphasis>
|
||
Head, hand, foot and schematic illustration of foot webbing in the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1A946CFB23CA3DFA3CF9D2" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[1262,1436,1623,1645]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFB23CA3DFA3CF9D2" box="[1262,1436,1623,1645]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Uperodon rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFF5ACA1FFF49F934" bold="true" box="[151,233,1653,1675]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C1A946CFF5ACA1FFF49F934" box="[151,233,1653,1675]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(DZ 1449, male):
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFE7DCA1FFE67F934" bold="true" box="[432,455,1653,1675]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of head;
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFD63CA1FFD66F934" bold="true" box="[686,710,1653,1675]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of hand;
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFC78CA1FFC6EF934" bold="true" box="[949,974,1653,1675]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">D.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of foot;
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFB78CA1FFB6DF934" bold="true" box="[1205,1229,1653,1675]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">E.</emphasis>
|
||
foot webbing;
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFAA0CA1FFA3CF934" bold="true" box="[1389,1436,1653,1675]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">F–J.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1A946CFF5ACAFEFEE5F915" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,325,1684,1706]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFF5ACAFEFEE5F915" box="[151,325,1684,1706]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Uperodon rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFE86CAFEFE3BF915" bold="true" box="[331,411,1684,1706]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C1A946CFE86CAFEFE3BF915" box="[331,411,1684,1706]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(DZ 1449, male) in life:
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFD5ACAFEFD08F915" bold="true" box="[663,680,1684,1706]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">F.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsolateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFCA1CAFEFC20F915" bold="true" box="[876,896,1684,1706]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">G.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFBC7CAFEFB85F915" bold="true" box="[1034,1061,1684,1706]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFB79CAFEFB64F915" bold="true" box="[1204,1220,1684,1706]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">I.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1A946CFB07CAFEFAD8F915" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[1226,1400,1684,1706]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFB07CAFEFAD8F915" box="[1226,1400,1684,1706]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Uperodon rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFAB0CAFEFF63F976" bold="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C1A946CFAB0CAFEFF63F976" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Paratype, DZ 1485, female), dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFDB5CAD9FD2BF976" bold="true" box="[632,651,1715,1737]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C1A946CFD5CCAD9FCE0F976" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[657,832,1715,1737]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFD5CCAD9FCE0F976" box="[657,832,1715,1737]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Uperodon rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFC88CAD9FC35F976" bold="true" box="[837,917,1715,1737]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C1A946CFC88CAD9FC35F976" box="[837,917,1715,1737]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(DZ 1130, female), dorsolateral view. (Images: SD Biju).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C1A946CFF0ACB59FB0BF864" blockId="39.[151,1436,1843,2012]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFF0ACB59FEFFF8F3" bold="true" box="[199,351,1843,1868]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Colouration.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFEA5CB5EFDB4F8F4" box="[360,532,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">In preservation</emphasis>
|
||
: Dorsum uniformly light greyish-brown; flanks greyish-brown; lateral sides of head light brown; ventral surface uniformly light grey (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134609856C1A946CFD33CB3CFCC2F8D0" box="[766,866,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,644,1728]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,644,1728]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Preserved type specimens of Uperodon species in dorsal and ventral view. A. Uperodon systoma, Syntype, ZMB 3551 (female); B. Uperodon globulosus, Syntype, NHM 62.12.29.4 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.10.97) (female); C. Kaloula pulchra taprobanica, Holotype, NHM 1905.3.25.138 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.10.62) (female); D. Ramanella anamalaiensis, Neotype, ZSI/ WGRC/V/A/956 (male); E. Hylaedactylus montanus, Holotype, NHM 72.4.17.212 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.19) (female); F. Ramanella mormorata, Neotype, ZSI/WGRC/V/A/958, (female); G. Ramanella nagaoi, Holotype, WHT 2826 (male); H. Callula obscura, Holotype, NHM 58.11.28.42 (ex. BMNH 1947.2.11.20) (female); I. Ramanella palmata, Holotype, NHM 90.11.8.62 (ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.21); J. Callula triangularis, Lectotype, NHM 74.4.29.897 (ex.BMNH 1947.2.11.15) (male); K.Hylaedactylus carnaticus, Lectotype, ZSI 2761(female); L. Uperodonrohani sp. nov., Holotype, DZ1449 (male).(Images: SD Biju and Sonali Garg)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183461/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs. 3K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C1A946CFCB8CB3CFBABF8D0" box="[885,1035,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Colour in life</emphasis>
|
||
(SDBDU 2007.4994, male). Dorsal surfaces (including limbs) dark brown with scattered olive yellow spots throughout; lateral sides of head dark greyish-brown with scattered olive coloured spots; throat dark grey with calling patch; chest, belly and thigh, fleshwhite without markings; ventral surfaces of forelimb, tibia and foot, light grey (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134609856C1A946CFBDECBA9FB3EF864" box="[1043,1182,1987,2012]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1093,1115]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,450,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,450,1072]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 11. Uperodon palmatus, U. triangularis and U. variegatus in life. A–E. Uperodon palmatus: A. Dorsolateral view (DZ 1372, male); B. dorsolateral view (DZ 1372, male); C. ventral view (DZ 1371, male); D. dorsal view (DZ 1331, male); E. dorsolateral view (DZ 1331, male); F–K. Uperodon triangularis: F. Dorsolateral view (ZSI/WGRC/V/A/959, male); G. dorsal view (SDBDU 2015.2857, male); H. ventral view (SDBDU 2015.2857, male); I. dorsolateral view (SDBDU 2011.502, male); J. dorsolateral view (SDBDU 2012.2200, subadult male); K. dorsofrontal view (SDBDU 2012.2038, male); L–P. Uperodon variegatus: L. Dorsolateral view (not preserved); M. ventral view (SDBDU 2007.4994, male); N. dorsolateral view (not preserved); O. dorsolateral view of an albino (or possibly leucistic) form (not preserved); P. dorsolateral view (not preserved). (Images: SD Biju,Sonali Garg, N & P - Shyamal L, O - Romulus Whitaker)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183477/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 11L–M</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0245886C159463FF5ACEA6FC69FC82" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183481/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,250,716,738]" targetBox="[166,1415,201,683]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C159463FF5ACEA6FC69FC82" blockId="40.[151,1436,716,829]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FF5ACEA6FEBFFD5D" bold="true" box="[151,287,716,738]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Principal Component Analyses showing morphometric differentiation between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C159463FB81CEA6FB5BFD5D" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[1100,1275,716,738]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FB81CEA6FB5BFD5D" box="[1100,1275,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Uperodon rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FACCCEA6FAF1FD5D" bold="true" box="[1281,1361,716,738]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C159463FACCCEA6FAF1FD5D" box="[1281,1361,716,738]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C159463FA4ECEA7FEA2FCBF" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FA4ECEA7FEA2FCBF" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">U. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on 17 morphological characters. Left: Plot for the first two factor planes explaining 54.4% of the variations among 28 adult male specimens. Right: Plot for the first two factor planes explaining 73% of the variations among 15 adult female specimens. Factor loadings for each component are provided in Table S2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0245886C159463FF5AC997FCF8F925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183483/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,250,1533,1555]" targetBox="[163,1428,885,1494]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C159463FF5AC997FCF8F925" blockId="40.[151,1436,1533,1690]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FF5AC997FEBFF9AC" bold="true" box="[151,287,1533,1555]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Cleared and double stained specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FD0BC997FC70F9AC" bold="true" box="[710,976,1533,1555]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C159463FD0BC997FCDAF9AC" authority="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju, 2018" authorityName="Garg & Senevirathne & Wijayathilaka & Phuge & Deuti & Manamendra-Arachchi & Meegaskumbura & Biju" authorityYear="2018" box="[710,890,1533,1555]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohani" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FD0BC997FCDAF9AC" bold="true" box="[710,890,1533,1555]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Uperodon rohani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23A74696C159463FC4DC997FC70F9AC" box="[896,976,1533,1555]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(above) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C159463FB99C994FB7DF9AC" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1108,1245,1534,1555]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FB99C994FB7DF9AC" box="[1108,1245,1534,1555]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">U. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(below). From left to right: Dorsal view of the crania composed of nasals (NS), frontoparietals (FP), prootics (PR), exoccipitals (EX) and squamosals (SQ); anteroventral view of the crania showing components of the upper jaw, premaxillae (PM) and maxillae (MA); ventral view of the lower jaw comprising of dentaries (DN), angulosplenials (AG) and mentomeckelians (MM). Bones are indicated in red, cartilage in blue. (Images: Gayani Senevirathne).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C159463FF0ACAA0FC6DF8CC" blockId="40.[151,1436,1738,2015]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FF0ACAA0FEEAF95C" bold="true" box="[199,330,1738,1763]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Variations.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric measurements for 12 males and seven females, including the lectotype, are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FF20BB6C159463FF5ACA84FF55F8B8" box="[151,245,1774,1799]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="48.[119,193,547,566]" captionTargetBox="[135,1884,616,1625]" captionText="TABLE 4. Morphometric measurements of Uperodon species.All measurements are in millimetres (mm). The status of each specimen is given after the museum number:Holotype (HT), Paratype (PT), Neotype (NT), Lectotype (LT), Syntype (ST)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0245886C0D947BFFBACE49F8ECFD89" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" tableUuid="DF0245886C0D947BFFBACE49F8ECFD89">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
. Dorsal colouration and markings were highly variable among the examined specimens. SDBDU 2007.6347: dorsum brown with yellowish-grey blotches in life (that turns light brown with grey blotches in preservation);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B151F5D6C159463FEF4CB5DFC6DF8CC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821690908" collectionCode="SDBDU" location="Albino" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="SDBDU 2005.4726" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBDBBD7B6C159463FEF4CB5DFDB9F8F0" box="[313,537,1846,1871]" collectionCode="SDBDU" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">SDBDU 2005.4726</specimenCode>
|
||
: light brown with olive grey blotches in life.
|
||
<location id="8EA243DB6C159463FBC3CB5CFBFCF8F0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D4A4166C1B9462FF5ACF75FE85FE38:8EA243DB6C159463FBC3CB5CFBFCF8F0" box="[1038,1116,1846,1871]" name="Albino" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Albino</location>
|
||
(or possibly leucistic) forms of this species are known from Mamallapuram in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C159463FD08CB30FCEAF8CC" box="[709,842,1882,1907]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134609856C159463FC94CB30FC60F8CC" box="[857,960,1882,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1093,1115]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,450,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,450,1072]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 11. Uperodon palmatus, U. triangularis and U. variegatus in life. A–E. Uperodon palmatus: A. Dorsolateral view (DZ 1372, male); B. dorsolateral view (DZ 1372, male); C. ventral view (DZ 1371, male); D. dorsal view (DZ 1331, male); E. dorsolateral view (DZ 1331, male); F–K. Uperodon triangularis: F. Dorsolateral view (ZSI/WGRC/V/A/959, male); G. dorsal view (SDBDU 2015.2857, male); H. ventral view (SDBDU 2015.2857, male); I. dorsolateral view (SDBDU 2011.502, male); J. dorsolateral view (SDBDU 2012.2200, subadult male); K. dorsofrontal view (SDBDU 2012.2038, male); L–P. Uperodon variegatus: L. Dorsolateral view (not preserved); M. ventral view (SDBDU 2007.4994, male); N. dorsolateral view (not preserved); O. dorsolateral view of an albino (or possibly leucistic) form (not preserved); P. dorsolateral view (not preserved). (Images: SD Biju,Sonali Garg, N & P - Shyamal L, O - Romulus Whitaker)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183477/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 11O</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C159463FF0ACB14FC7DF804" blockId="40.[151,1436,1738,2015]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FF0ACB14FD92F828" bold="true" box="[199,562,1918,1943]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Secondary sexual characters.</emphasis>
|
||
Male: vocal sac externally visible on the lower jaw; females (SDBDU 2005.4726): ova white, pigmented on pole (diameter 0.7–1.0 mm,
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FC4DCBCEFC33F804" box="[896,915,1956,1979]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 20).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC215006C159462FF0ACBACFE85FE38" blockId="40.[151,1436,1738,2015]" lastBlockId="41.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B151F5D6C159462FF0ACBACFB70FF0F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821690912" country="India" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" location="Tamil Nadu" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FF0ACBACFD3DF860" bold="true" box="[199,669,1990,2015]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Geographical distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D6E836C159463FD6BCBACFC37F861" baseAuthorityName="Stoliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[678,919,1990,2015]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Uperodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909C9126C159463FD6BCBACFC37F861" box="[678,919,1990,2015]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Uperodon variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a widely distributed species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A55906C159463FAE9CBACFAC1F860" box="[1316,1377,1990,2015]" name="India" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It is known to occur right from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FE1BCCFDFDFEFF0F" box="[470,606,151,176]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FD56CCFDFD46FF0F" box="[667,742,151,176]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
in the south, northwards up to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FB97CCFDFB70FF0F" box="[1114,1232,151,176]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B151F5D6C149462FB13CCFDFEADFF6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821690910" country="India" location="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FB13CCFDFA38FF0F" box="[1246,1432,151,176]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Telangana
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B151F5D6C149462FEDACCD6FEC9FF6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821690914" box="[279,361,188,213]" country="India" location="Odisha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Odisha">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FEDACCD6FEC9FF6A" box="[279,361,188,213]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Odisha</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B151F5D6C149462FEB9CCD6FE85FE38" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1821690909" country="India" county="In" elevation="900" location="Srikakulam" municipality="Bangalore" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jharkhand">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FEB9CCD6FE47FF6A" box="[372,487,188,213]" country="India" name="Jharkhand" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Jharkhand</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FDD1CCD7FD09FF6A" box="[540,681,188,213]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134609856C149462FD75CCD6FC80FF6B" box="[696,800,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE12" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,988,1540]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[150,1436,988,1540]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE12. A.Distributionof Uperodon variegatus andUperodon rohani sp. nov. Detailsof localities reported inthe present study are provided in Table 1. Records from literature are listed in supplementary Table S1 and indicated here based on approximatecoordinates; B–E. Head, hand, footand schematic illustration of foot webbing inthe holotype of Uperodonrohani sp. nov. (DZ 1449, male): B. lateral view of head; C. ventral view of hand; D. ventral view of foot; E. foot webbing; F–J. Uperodonrohani sp. nov. (DZ 1449,male) inlife:F. dorsolateral view; G. dorsal view; H.ventral view; I. Uperodon rohanisp. nov. (Paratype,DZ 1485, female),dorsal view; J. Uperodon rohanisp. nov. (DZ 1130, female), dorsolateral view.(Images:SD Biju)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1183479/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FF20BB6C149462FCE7CCD6FC14FF6B" box="[810,948,188,213]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,1593,1616]" captionText="TABLE 1. Collection localities for the genetically and/or morphologically studied Uperodon samples in the present study." pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Tables 1, S1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62A36D8C6C149462FC04CCD7FC40FF6B" box="[969,992,189,212]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">In</collectingCounty>
|
||
the present study, genetically identified individuals of this species were largely collected from urban landscapes and disturbed secondary forests (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FA94CCB5FF78FEA2" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Chengalpattu and Mamallapuram;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FDA2CD6EFD1EFEA2" box="[623,702,260,285]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Karamana, Meladoor and Palakkad;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FBA1CD6EFB44FEA2" box="[1132,1252,260,285]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA68F7A6C149462FB3DCD6EFAC7FEA2" box="[1264,1383,260,285]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Bangalore</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
; and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B9DBE26C149462FF5ACD4DFEEFFEFF" box="[151,335,295,320]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EA243DB6C149462FE97CD4DFE40FEFF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D4A4166C1B9462FF5ACF75FE85FE38:8EA243DB6C149462FE97CD4DFE40FEFF" box="[346,480,295,320]" country="India" county="In" municipality="Bangalore" name="Srikakulam" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Jharkhand">Srikakulam</location>
|
||
), from sea level up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C85B8E56C149462FD16CD42FC83FE80" box="[731,803,296,320]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="900.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0050F2336C149462FD16CD42FC83FE80" box="[731,803,296,320]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevations. This species is predominantly found in drier regions towards the eastern coast. At Mamallapuram, it was found in brackish waters, just a few metres away from the seacoast.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |