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<document id="BB3F7437F368A4DE82050E3D29D5906E" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930701495046" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5229484" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629494383127" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-García, M Angeles, Pérez-Bañón, Celeste &amp; Rotheray, Graham E." docDate="2007" docId="03930A18FFC5FFB8FDABA1BFFD532FD4" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.41.25-28.1717-1730.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 41 (25 - 28)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701495046" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C.2:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Mallota dusmeti Andreu 1926" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1722" masterDocId="FFAA7260FFC3FFB0FFA0A06AFFAB2B7B" masterDocTitle="The early stages and breeding sites of four rare saproxylic hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Spain" masterLastPageNumber="1730" masterPageNumber="1717" pageNumber="1721" updateTime="1699074854011" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="20B01A0D9FFA8FD111D45339D13737BD">The early stages and breeding sites of four rare saproxylic hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Spain</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="442B3E1D3D3F2E272280A56C0B22CAA8">Ricarte, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23BD3EED946B16ACE7B51AD5B91697D5">Marcos-García, M Angeles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6D5BF760554257C86AC1C4994759A5C3">Pérez-Bañón, Celeste</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9064BDB32783669ECE82951DF46E553D">Rotheray, Graham E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9DABC3B5F3052E1DE619426840CC0F8C">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="79A0060C97638E3F13AD96D2E1DBEDC7">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03930A18FFC5FFB8FDABA1BFFD532FD4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03930A18FFC5FFB8FDABA1BFFD532FD4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03930A18FFC5FFB8FDABA1BFFD532FD4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="1722" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">
<subSubSection id="C320E885FFC5FFB6FDABA1BFFF5D2946" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC5FFB6FDABA1BFFCEB2A96" blockId="6.[523,832,469,493]" box="[523,832,469,493]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">
<heading id="D0CD0C62FFC5FFB6FDABA1BFFCEB2A96" box="[523,832,469,493]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C3AC08DFFC5FFB6FDABA1BFFCEB2A96" ID-CoL="3XPR4" authority="Andreu" authorityName="Andreu" authorityYear="1926" box="[523,832,469,493]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Mallota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dusmeti">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC5FFB6FDABA1BFFD4B2A96" bold="true" box="[523,736,469,493]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">Mallota dusmeti</emphasis>
Andréu
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC5FFB6FF2AA24FFF5D2946" blockId="6.[138,246,549,573]" box="[138,246,549,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC5FFB6FF2AA24FFF5D2946" box="[138,246,549,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">Puparium</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C320E885FFC5FFB8FF2AA23CFD532FD4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="1723" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC5FFB6FF2AA23CFD6E286B" blockId="6.[138,1185,598,784]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC5FFB6FF2AA23CFECE2915" box="[138,357,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">Overall appearance.</emphasis>
Long-tailed larva with mouthparts of the saprophagous
<typeStatus id="548105ACFFC5FFB6FC55A23CFB8D2915" box="[1013,1062,598,622]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">type</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFABC6FFFFC5FFB6FB95A23CFECF29F4" author="Rotheray GE &amp; Gilbert F" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref6765" refString="Rotheray GE, Gilbert F. 1999. Phylogeny of Palaeartic Syrphidae (Diptera): evidence from larval stages. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 127: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1999">Rotheray and Gilbert 1999</bibRefCitation>
); puparium with a boat-shaped profile (
<figureCitation id="1301A78BFFC5FFB6FCF8A21DFC1029F4" box="[856,955,631,655]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="6.[138,198,1637,1656]" captionTargetBox="[313,1011,1245,1600]" captionTargetId="figure-253@6.[310,1013,1241,1602]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 7. Typical Mallota-shaped puparium of M. dusmeti, lacking the detachable thoracic plate and the drawomitted long tail in lateral view, with head to the left. Scale bar: 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5229490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5229490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">Figure 7</figureCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFABC6FFFFC5FFB6FC7AA21DFB3829F4" author="Rotheray GE" box="[986,1171,631,655]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" refId="ref6697" refString="Rotheray GE. 1993. Colour guide to hoverfly larvae (Diptera: Syrphidae). Sheffield: Derek Whitely, 155 p. (Dipterist Digest; 9)." type="book" year="1993">Rotheray 1993</bibRefCitation>
); truncate anteriorly, tapering posteriorly, slightly dorso-ventrally flattened, pale yellow in colour, vestiture light and ventral surface bare; lateral margin with a distinct ridge becoming more pronounced posteriorly and incorporating dark, fleshy projections incorporating segmental sensilla 46 (
<figureCitation id="1301A78BFFC5FFB6FDE3A292FD1C286B" box="[579,695,760,784]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="8.[138,207,958,977]" captionTargetBox="[138,1187,133,920]" captionTargetId="figure-156@8.[138,1187,133,922]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 1013. Mallota dusmeti SEMs. (10) Posterior end of the puparium showing the diagnostic conspicuous projections on the lateral ridges (ventral view). (11) Anterior spiracle (both were damaged in the unique available specimen). (12) Pupal spiracle in dorso-lateral view. (13) Detail of pupal spiracle surface. Scale and other photo data are shown at the bottom of each figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5229494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5229494/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">Figure 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC5FFB6FF2AA353FD1D282A" blockId="6.[138,694,825,849]" box="[138,694,825,849]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC5FFB6FF2AA353FEA4282A" box="[138,271,825,849]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">Dimensions.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="4CC216EBFFC5FFB6FED8A353FE44282A" box="[376,495,825,849]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.367" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" unit="mm" value="13.67">13.67 mm</quantity>
; width
<quantity id="4CC216EBFFC5FFB6FDE8A353FD19282A" box="[584,690,825,849]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.17" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" unit="mm" value="6.17">6.17 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC5FFB6FF2AA310FC822F2F" blockId="6.[138,1185,890,1108]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC5FFB6FF2AA310FE0828E9" box="[138,419,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">
Head skeleton (
<figureCitation id="1301A78BFFC5FFB6FE94A310FE3F28E9" box="[308,404,890,914]" captionStart="Figures 8, 9" captionStartId="7.[151,220,766,785]" captionTargetBox="[331,967,136,728]" captionTargetId="figure-229@7.[329,969,133,730]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 8, 9. Head skeletons in lateral view. (8) Mallota dusmeti. (9) Myolepta difformis. Scale bar: 1.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5229492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5229492/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">Figure 8</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Basal sclerite at junction of dorsal and ventral cornea black and heavily but unevenly sclerotized; dorsal cornu straight dorsally and tapered posteriorly; ventral cornu inflated posteriorly and 2.5 times as long as dorsal cornu; parastomal bars bordering the epipharyngeal plate clearly visible at the antero-dorsal part of the head skeleton, otherwise sclerotization lacking between the dorsal bridge and the tentorial bar; dorsal bridge and ventral pharyngeal ridges present; ventral bridge linking the tentorial bars broader than tentorial bar; mandibular sclerite T-shaped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC5FFB7FF2AA417FEA328C8" blockId="6.[138,1093,1149,1173]" lastBlockId="7.[125,1172,827,947]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="1722" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC5FFB6FF2AA417FF552FEE" box="[138,254,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">Prothorax.</emphasis>
Anterior fold evenly coated in red-brown spicules, translucent at apex.
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FFDDA351FE622828" box="[125,457,827,851]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">
Anterior spiracles (
<figureCitation id="1301A78BFFC4FFB7FEECA351FE102828" box="[332,443,827,851]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="8.[138,207,958,977]" captionTargetBox="[138,1187,133,920]" captionTargetId="figure-156@8.[138,1187,133,922]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 1013. Mallota dusmeti SEMs. (10) Posterior end of the puparium showing the diagnostic conspicuous projections on the lateral ridges (ventral view). (11) Anterior spiracle (both were damaged in the unique available specimen). (12) Pupal spiracle in dorso-lateral view. (13) Detail of pupal spiracle surface. Scale and other photo data are shown at the bottom of each figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5229494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5229494/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Figure 11</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="4CC216EBFFC4FFB7FD8AA351FD012828" box="[554,682,827,851]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.056" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" unit="mm" value="50.56">50.56 mm</quantity>
; width
<quantity id="4CC216EBFFC4FFB7FD5BA351FCC72828" box="[763,876,827,851]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.02" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" unit="mm" value="50.2">50.2 mm</quantity>
, yellow brown, less than three times as long as base is wide with pointed and slightly recurved tip; at least 14 spiracular openings present at the apex of the spiracular plate; openings arranged in a curved row.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF45EB86FFC5FFB6FF2AA60FFC8F2DE8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5229490" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5229490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5229490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" startId="6.[138,198,1637,1656]" targetBox="[313,1011,1245,1600]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC5FFB6FF2AA60FFC8F2DE8" blockId="6.[138,1185,1637,1683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">
Figure 7. Typical
<taxonomicName id="4C3AC08DFFC5FFB6FE98A60FFED62D03" box="[312,381,1637,1656]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Mallota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC5FFB6FE98A60FFED62D03" box="[312,381,1637,1656]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">Mallota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-shaped puparium of
<taxonomicName id="4C3AC08DFFC5FFB6FDEAA60FFD052D03" authorityName="Andreu" authorityYear="1926" box="[586,686,1637,1656]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Mallota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dusmeti">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC5FFB6FDEAA60FFD052D03" box="[586,686,1637,1656]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1721">M. dusmeti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, lacking the detachable thoracic plate and the drawomitted long tail in lateral view, with head to the left. Scale bar: 4 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF45EB86FFC4FFB7FF37A294FBD7286A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5229492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5229492" box="[151,1148,766,785]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5229492/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" startId="7.[151,220,766,785]" targetBox="[331,967,136,728]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC4FFB7FF37A294FBD7286A" blockId="7.[151,1148,766,785]" box="[151,1148,766,785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">
Figures 8, 9. Head skeletons in lateral view. (8)
<taxonomicName id="4C3AC08DFFC4FFB7FDFFA294FD47286A" authorityName="Andreu" authorityYear="1926" box="[607,748,766,785]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Mallota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dusmeti">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FDFFA294FD47286A" box="[607,748,766,785]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Mallota dusmeti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (9)
<taxonomicName id="4C3AC08DFFC4FFB7FCBCA294FC14286A" authorityName="Strobl" authorityYear="1909" box="[796,959,766,785]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Myolepta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="difformis">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FCBCA294FC14286A" box="[796,959,766,785]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Myolepta difformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scale bar: 1.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC4FFB7FFDDA3B1FEB42F68" blockId="7.[125,1172,987,1043]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FFDDA3B1FEAE2888" box="[125,261,987,1011]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Mesothorax.</emphasis>
Prolegs present with three or more rows of crochets; five crochets in the primary rows.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC4FFB7FFDDA456FDA52F88" blockId="7.[125,1172,1084,1267]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FFDDA456FF472F2F" box="[125,236,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Vestiture sparse and vestiture absent on ventral surface; prolegs with three rows of crochets present on the first six segments; five crochets in the primary row decreasing to three on segment 6; lateral margin with two aligned projections per segment; segments 16 with projections bearing sensilla 4+5 and 6 and segment 7 projections incorporating sensilla 7+8 and 9; anal segment elongate, more than body length, bearing three pairs of approximately equidistant lappets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC4FFB7FFDDA576FF562EE8" blockId="7.[125,1172,1308,1427]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FFDDA576FE482E4F" box="[125,483,1308,1332]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">
Pupal spiracles (
<figureCitation id="1301A78BFFC4FFB7FE8FA576FE7D2E4F" box="[303,470,1308,1332]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="8.[138,207,958,977]" captionTargetBox="[138,1187,133,920]" captionTargetId="figure-156@8.[138,1187,133,922]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 1013. Mallota dusmeti SEMs. (10) Posterior end of the puparium showing the diagnostic conspicuous projections on the lateral ridges (ventral view). (11) Anterior spiracle (both were damaged in the unique available specimen). (12) Pupal spiracle in dorso-lateral view. (13) Detail of pupal spiracle surface. Scale and other photo data are shown at the bottom of each figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5229494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5229494/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Figures 12, 13</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Separated by 0.67 times their length;
<quantity id="4CC216EBFFC4FFB7FC0FA576FBBE2E4F" box="[943,1045,1308,1332]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" unit="mm" value="1.96">1.96 mm</quantity>
long, subcylindrical, yellowish brown, postero-laterally curved with small, circular, irregularly spaced openings extending almost to the base; sculpture between openings conspicuously punctured.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC4FFB7FFDDA5D6FCD82E8F" blockId="7.[125,1172,1468,1524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FFDDA5D6FE052EAF" box="[125,430,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Posterior respiratory process.</emphasis>
Elongate, shiny brown with each spiracular plate bearing three pairs of curved spiracular openings; transverse band not distinct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC4FFB7FFDDA646FEE72D3F" blockId="7.[125,332,1580,1604]" box="[125,332,1580,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FFDDA646FEE72D3F" box="[125,332,1580,1604]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B85BB0EFFC4FFB8FFDDA637FD532FD4" blockId="7.[125,1172,1629,1685]" lastBlockId="8.[138,1185,958,1199]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="1723" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">
Two puparia from larvae collected
<date id="FF849DCEFFC4FFB7FD88A637FD4E2D0E" box="[552,741,1629,1653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" value="2004-03-19">19 March 2004</date>
and
<date id="FF849DCEFFC4FFB7FC87A637FC652D0E" box="[807,974,1629,1653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" value="2004-05-28">28 May 2004</date>
, from tree holes containing standing water in live
<taxonomicName id="4C3AC08DFFC4FFB7FE5FA617FD4E2DEE" box="[511,741,1661,1685]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FE5FA617FD4E2DEE" box="[511,741,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Fraxinus angustifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3AC08DFFC4FFB7FC80A614FC152DEE" box="[800,958,1661,1685]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FC80A614FC152DEE" box="[800,958,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">F. angustifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C3AC08DFFC4FFB7FC46A617FB3F2DEE" box="[998,1172,1661,1685]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="faginea">
<emphasis id="B94E671CFFC4FFB7FC46A617FB3F2DEE" box="[998,1172,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1722">Quercus faginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
trees, respectively,
<collectingCountry id="F32DFB9EFFCBFFB8FEC7A45DFE072F34" box="[359,428,1079,1103]" name="Spain" pageId="8" pageNumber="1723">Spain</collectingCountry>
, Ciudad Real, Cabañeros National Park, Canalejas valley, M. A. Marcos-García, G. Rotheray, and G. Hancock, and M. A. Marcos-García and C. Pérez- Bañón, respectively; puparia formed
<date id="FF849DCEFFCBFFB8FD9EA41DFD5C2FF4" box="[574,759,1143,1167]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1723" value="2004-03-22">22 March 2004</date>
and
<date id="FF849DCEFFCBFFB8FC96A41DFC7B2FF4" box="[822,976,1143,1167]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1723" value="2004-04-06">6 April 2004</date>
, male and female emerged
<date id="FF849DCEFFCBFFB8FF56A4FDFE3F2FD4" box="[246,404,1175,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1723" value="2004-06-21">21 June 2004</date>
and
<date id="FF849DCEFFCBFFB8FE71A4FDFDF72FD4" box="[465,604,1175,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1723" value="2004-07-03">3 July 2004</date>
, respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>