471 lines
62 KiB
XML
471 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="A7D2490A2C66E55D04FF0C3CD8BA115D" ID-CLB-Dataset="29989" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4425.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9956099a-5e4b-4b2e-b24e-d347a707f5f9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1270385" ID-ZooBank="038364CA-C0C7-4A56-8C23-7E0AC47F69ED" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1528143569523" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jin, Miao, Ma, Shuangchun & Tu, Lihong" docDate="2018" docId="202FBE5B092B8C5DFF6A86C7F33CFC44" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4425.3.4.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4425 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Arcuphantes Jin, Ma & Tu, 2018, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="502" masterDocId="DC16C62309298C59FFFD820BF01BFFC4" masterDocTitle="A review of the Arcuphantes species with the genitalia of arcuatulus - type (Araneae, Linyphiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="510" masterPageNumber="498" pageNumber="500" updateTime="1698546615580" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="7A25F3FAD6C453DFAE0F972B03D5CDDB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7C94B9C1914DCC51BC0AD48D399A530E">
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<mods:title id="6094880BC39DD489A6532E511CAAE8C2">A review of the Arcuphantes species with the genitalia of arcuatulus - type (Araneae, Linyphiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="96AABFE50F4FB48995DC2F80A0651491">Jin, Miao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="455431D1F35359408C8781BFC12D3E14">Ma, Shuangchun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="EE61D91167EA37DF5FA93E350133651E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8CE77E5D510F39BED1AD098B41A8980E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="AB3B0893A8D0B5EA848641C5E2B95474">Tu, Lihong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2991D602A4ED7661ABA8274DD84A77E3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0854631A6B350875C565967335C78555">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AE1F12261EAB1360D24AC860B230AD25">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5C0B085E1B7675301AD480D514FDA1A6">4425</mods:number>
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<treatment id="202FBE5B092B8C5DFF6A86C7F33CFC44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5998044" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144235594" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5998044" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:202FBE5B092B8C5DFF6A86C7F33CFC44" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/202FBE5B092B8C5DFF6A86C7F33CFC44" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="502" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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<subSubSection id="E09C5CC6092B8C5BFF6A86C7F18BFA94" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A8390F4D092B8C5BFF6A86C7F343FB23" blockId="2.[151,856,1228,1255]" box="[151,856,1228,1255]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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<heading id="F371B821092B8C5BFF6A86C7F343FB23" bold="true" box="[151,856,1228,1255]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFF6A86C7F343FB23" bold="true" box="[151,856,1228,1255]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFF6A86C7F129FB22" ID-CoL="32F4" ID-ENA="430923" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,306,1228,1254]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFF6A86C7F129FB22" bold="true" box="[151,306,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Arcuphantes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species with the genitalia of
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFD6B86C7F303FB22" box="[662,792,1228,1254]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFD6B86C7F303FB22" bold="true" box="[662,792,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">arcuatulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-type
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A8390F4D092B8C5BFF6A8718F18BFA94" blockId="2.[151,1437,1299,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFF6A8718F12DFAE8" bold="true" box="[151,310,1299,1324]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Composition.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFEBB871FF339FAE8" authority="(ROewer, 1942)" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1942" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[326,802,1300,1324]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFEBB871FF242FAE8" box="[326,601,1300,1324]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Arcuphantes arcuatulus</emphasis>
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(Roewer, 1942)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFCCB871FF3DDFAEF" authority="Jin & Ma & Tu, 2018" authorityName="Jin & Ma & Tu" authorityYear="2018" box="[822,966,1300,1323]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciatus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFCCB871FF3DDFAEF" box="[822,966,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">A. cruciatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFC2B8718F406FAE8" bold="true" box="[982,1053,1299,1324]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="81C16E24092B8C5BFC2B8718F406FAE8" box="[982,1053,1299,1324]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFBC9871FF4FEFAE8" authority="Jin & Ma & Tu, 2018" authorityName="Jin & Ma & Tu" authorityYear="2018" box="[1076,1253,1300,1324]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticulatus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFBC9871FF4FEFAE8" box="[1076,1253,1300,1324]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">A. denticulatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFB098718F527FAE8" bold="true" box="[1268,1340,1299,1324]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="81C16E24092B8C5BFB098718F527FAE8" box="[1268,1340,1299,1324]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFA79871FF151FA94" authority="Jin & Ma & Tu, 2018" authorityName="Jin & Ma & Tu" authorityYear="2018" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiorbiculatus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFA79871FF151FA94" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">A. semiorbiculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFEAC873CF18BFA94" bold="true" box="[337,400,1335,1360]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="81C16E24092B8C5BFEAC873CF18BFA94" box="[337,400,1335,1360]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E09C5CC6092B8C5BFF3A8750F18CF918" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A8390F4D092B8C5BFF3A8750F0EAFA24" blockId="2.[151,1437,1299,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFF3A8750F3E0FAB7" bold="true" box="[199,1019,1371,1396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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Diagnosis of the
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFE6E8750F23CFAB0" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[403,551,1371,1396]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFE6E8750F23CFAB0" bold="true" box="[403,551,1371,1396]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Arcuphantes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species with
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFD378750F35DFAB0" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[714,838,1371,1396]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFD378750F35DFAB0" bold="true" box="[714,838,1371,1396]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">arcuatulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-type genitalia.
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</emphasis>
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The male palp can be distinguished from that of other
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFE90878BF1E1FA5C" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[365,506,1408,1432]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFE90878BF1E1FA5C" box="[365,506,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Arcuphantes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species by a narrow and posteriorly prolonged radix, and an unbranched lamella characteristica with a broom-shaped and strongly sclerotized apex (
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<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092B8C5BFC6E87A8F3FFFA78" box="[915,996,1443,1468]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[278,1315,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[278,1315,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male palp. A–E. Arcuphantes arcuatulus. A, prolateral; B, ventral; C, retrolateral; D, embolic division, ventral; E, ditto, dorsal; F–J, A. denticulatus n. sp., F, prolateral; G, ventral; H, retrolateral; I, embolic division, ventral; J, ditto, dorsal. Arrows in D, E, I, J refer to serrate area on radix. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270389/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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Fig.
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<date id="DC38298D092B8C5BFC3487AFF3FFFA78" box="[969,996,1444,1468]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">2I</date>
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</figureCitation>
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); the epigynum with a U-shaped scape (
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<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092B8C5BFF6287CCF0FFFA24" box="[159,228,1479,1504]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Epigynum. A–C. Arcuphantes arcuatulus, A, ventral; B, lateral; C, dorsal, arrow points to the proximal end of fertilization groove; D–C, A. cruciatus n. sp., D, ventral; E, lateral; F, dorsal; G–I, A. semiorbiculatus n. sp., G, ventral; H, lateral; I, dorsal. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270391/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A8390F4D092B8C5BFF3A87E0F18CF918" blockId="2.[151,1437,1299,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFF3A87E0F46CF9C0" bold="true" box="[199,1143,1515,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
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General description for the
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFDE487E0F2B6F9C0" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[537,685,1515,1540]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFDE487E0F2B6F9C0" bold="true" box="[537,685,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Arcuphantes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species with
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFCB387E0F3D1F9C0" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[846,970,1515,1540]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
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||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFCB387E0F3D1F9C0" bold="true" box="[846,970,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">arcuatulus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
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<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092B8C5BFC2F87E0F41CF9C0" box="[978,1031,1515,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">type</typeStatus>
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genitalia
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092B8C5BFB7587E0F4D7F9C0" box="[1160,1228,1515,1540]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[271,1312,584,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[271,1312,584,1637]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Arcuphantes species with the genitalia of arcuatulus-type. A, A. arcuatulus, male, dorsal; B, A. arcuatulus, female, dorsal; C, A. cruciatus n. sp., female, dorsal; D, A. denticulatus n. sp., male, dorsal; E, A. semiorbiculatus n. sp., female, dorsal; F, A. semiorbiculatus n. sp., female, lateral. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270387/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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): medium in size, total length
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<quantity id="6F7EA2A8092B8C5BFED08404F1DAF9EC" box="[301,449,1551,1576]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.603999999999999" metricValueMax="7.747" metricValueMin="5.460999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" unit="in" value="2.5999999999999996" valueMax="3.05" valueMin="2.15">2.15–3.05 in</quantity>
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male,
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<quantity id="6F7EA2A8092B8C5BFDE08404F2AAF9EC" box="[541,689,1551,1576]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7498000000000005" metricValueMax="5.460999999999999" metricValueMin="4.038600000000001" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" unit="in" value="1.87" valueMax="2.15" valueMin="1.59">1.59–2.15 in</quantity>
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female. Carapace yellowish brown to dark brown. Each eye surrounded by a black ring. Anterior eye row recurved in dorsal view, posterior eye row straight. Anterior median eyes subcontiguous, lateral eyes adjacent. Abdomen dark in color, with black and white spots on the dorsal surface. Legs long and slender, with black rings. Chaetotaxy: Ti I-IV: 2-2-2-2; Mt I-IV: 1-1-1-1; Tm I about 0.19–0.23, Tm IV absent. Tracheal system haplotracheate; epiandrous gland spigots present in male
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<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092B8C5BFB8B84ABF51AF973" authority="Jin & Ma & Tu, 2018" authorityName="Jin & Ma & Tu" authorityYear="2018" box="[1142,1281,1696,1719]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciatus" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFB8B84ABF49CF973" box="[1142,1159,1696,1719]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFB6484ABF51AF973" box="[1177,1281,1696,1719]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">cruciatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFAF18494F555F97C" bold="true" box="[1292,1358,1695,1720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81C16E24092B8C5BFAF18494F555F97C" box="[1292,1358,1695,1720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(other species not examined).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E09C5CC6092B8C5AFF3A84E3F3B0FDD3" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="501" pageId="2" pageNumber="500" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="A8390F4D092B8C5AFF3A84E3F549FF10" blockId="2.[151,1437,1299,2008]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,536]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="501" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092B8C5BFF3A84E3F121F8C4" box="[199,314,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Male palp</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092B8C5BFEB784ECF194F8C4" box="[330,399,1767,1792]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[278,1315,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[278,1315,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male palp. A–E. Arcuphantes arcuatulus. A, prolateral; B, ventral; C, retrolateral; D, embolic division, ventral; E, ditto, dorsal; F–J, A. denticulatus n. sp., F, prolateral; G, ventral; H, retrolateral; I, embolic division, ventral; J, ditto, dorsal. Arrows in D, E, I, J refer to serrate area on radix. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270389/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both patella and tibia with one macroseta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092B8C5BFC7184ECF3FCF8C4" box="[908,999,1767,1792]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[278,1315,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[278,1315,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male palp. A–E. Arcuphantes arcuatulus. A, prolateral; B, ventral; C, retrolateral; D, embolic division, ventral; E, ditto, dorsal; F–J, A. denticulatus n. sp., F, prolateral; G, ventral; H, retrolateral; I, embolic division, ventral; J, ditto, dorsal. Arrows in D, E, I, J refer to serrate area on radix. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270389/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cymbial retrobasal process wide and blunt (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092B8C5BFF188500F159F8E0" box="[229,322,1803,1828]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[278,1315,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[278,1315,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male palp. A–E. Arcuphantes arcuatulus. A, prolateral; B, ventral; C, retrolateral; D, embolic division, ventral; E, ditto, dorsal; F–J, A. denticulatus n. sp., F, prolateral; G, ventral; H, retrolateral; I, embolic division, ventral; J, ditto, dorsal. Arrows in D, E, I, J refer to serrate area on radix. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270389/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paracymbium narrow and somewhat cross-shaped, with distal arm elongated and rolling up, middle and outer arms arising from anterior and posterior margins, respectively, connected by a transverse ridge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092B8C5BFF628558F106F8A8" box="[159,285,1875,1900]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[278,1315,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[278,1315,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male palp. A–E. Arcuphantes arcuatulus. A, prolateral; B, ventral; C, retrolateral; D, embolic division, ventral; E, ditto, dorsal; F–J, A. denticulatus n. sp., F, prolateral; G, ventral; H, retrolateral; I, embolic division, ventral; J, ditto, dorsal. Arrows in D, E, I, J refer to serrate area on radix. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270389/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Fig. 2G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distal suprategular apophysis stout, pit hook remnant as a small apophysis pointed forward (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092B8C5BFACB8558F58BF8A8" box="[1334,1424,1875,1900]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1960,1982]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,840,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,840,1911]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Arcuphantes arcuatulus. A–C, male palp, with embolic division removed, A, prolateral; B, ventral; C, retrolateral; D–E. embolic division, arrows point to central serrated area of radix, D, ventral; E, dorsal. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270393/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Embolic division (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092B8C5BFE94857CF1A2F854" box="[361,441,1911,1936]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[278,1315,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[278,1315,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male palp. A–E. Arcuphantes arcuatulus. A, prolateral; B, ventral; C, retrolateral; D, embolic division, ventral; E, ditto, dorsal; F–J, A. denticulatus n. sp., F, prolateral; G, ventral; H, retrolateral; I, embolic division, ventral; J, ditto, dorsal. Arrows in D, E, I, J refer to serrate area on radix. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270389/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="DC38298D092B8C5BFE638573F1A2F854" box="[414,441,1912,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="500">2I</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
): radix narrow, posteriorly prolonged with an anterior process and central serrated area, Fickert's gland located anterior part of radix. Embolic membrane with numerous papillae and chitinous basal part. Lamella characteristica about half of the radix in length, unbranched, broom-shaped apex with numerous strong sclerotized teeth. Terminal apophysis as a large sclerite with several processes, covering over embolus. Embolus trunk-like with serrated surface, a large thumb and a pointed apex at each side of embolus proper (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092A8C5AFB1682B7F55EFF10" box="[1259,1349,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1516,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1494]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male palpal embolic division and paracymbium. A–B, Arcuphantes arcuatulus, C–D, A. cruciatus n. sp., E–F, A. denticulatus n. sp., A, C, E, embolic division, anterior, embolus apex artificially broken in E, arrows point to anterior process of terminal apophysis turning backwards in A and extending forward in E, and bulged anterior part of terminal apophysis in C; B, D, F, paracymbium, arrows in B and F point to basal fold of paracymbial middle arm. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270399/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A8390F4D092A8C5AFF3A82EBF3B0FDD3" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFF3A82EBF122FF33" box="[199,313,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Epigynum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092A8C5AFEB682D4F188FF3C" box="[331,403,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Epigynum. A–C. Arcuphantes arcuatulus, A, ventral; B, lateral; C, dorsal, arrow points to the proximal end of fertilization groove; D–C, A. cruciatus n. sp., D, ventral; E, lateral; F, dorsal; G–I, A. semiorbiculatus n. sp., G, ventral; H, lateral; I, dorsal. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270391/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Protruding out, posteriorly prolonged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092A8C5AFC9682D4F3D8FF3C" box="[875,963,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[271,1312,584,1633]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[271,1312,584,1637]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Arcuphantes species with the genitalia of arcuatulus-type. A, A. arcuatulus, male, dorsal; B, A. arcuatulus, female, dorsal; C, A. cruciatus n. sp., female, dorsal; D, A. denticulatus n. sp., male, dorsal; E, A. semiorbiculatus n. sp., female, dorsal; F, A. semiorbiculatus n. sp., female, lateral. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270387/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epigynal plate in protruding state with paired groove slits extending on dorsal surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092A8C5AFD47830FF30AFED9" box="[698,785,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,193,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[171,1415,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Arcuphantes cruciatus n. sp. A–B, male palp, with embolic division removed, A, prolateral; B, retrolateral; C–D, embolic division, arrows point to central serrated area of radix, C, ventral; D, dorsal; E–H, epigynum, with extensible basal part removed, E, ventral, ventral plate artificially broken; F, dorsal; G, caudal; H, inner, shows epigynal grooves. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Integument of basal part wrinkled making it extensible. Median plate on dorsal surface about three times longer than wide, and then the posterior part of epigynum becoming gradually narrowed, passing into a scape, without epigynal cavity. Spermathecae located at posterior half part of median plate. Two chambers with special glands at boundary (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092A8C5AFC288364F428FE4C" box="[981,1075,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,193,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[171,1415,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Arcuphantes cruciatus n. sp. A–B, male palp, with embolic division removed, A, prolateral; B, retrolateral; C–D, embolic division, arrows point to central serrated area of radix, C, ventral; D, dorsal; E–H, epigynum, with extensible basal part removed, E, ventral, ventral plate artificially broken; F, dorsal; G, caudal; H, inner, shows epigynal grooves. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
), basal part spiraling with one chamber turning upwards and one downwards. Fertilization groove extending forwards along lateral margins of median plate, ending outside epigastric furrow. Scape in U-shaped, with copulatory grooves extending along its dorsal surface, without turning point. Distal part of scape with a pair of lateral lobes, each furnished with a pocket, in which hosting copulatory opening. Neither stretcher nor pit present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="FCF95FC5092A8C5AFF6A8478F34BF902" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270387/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" startId="3.[151,250,1651,1673]" targetBox="[271,1312,584,1633]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="A8390F4D092A8C5AFF6A8478F34BF902" blockId="3.[151,1436,1651,1734]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFF6A8478F109F94D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1651,1673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFEE58478F18CF94D" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[280,407,1651,1673]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFEE58478F18CF94D" box="[280,407,1651,1673]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Arcuphantes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with the genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFD468478F33DF94D" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[699,806,1651,1673]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFD468478F33DF94D" box="[699,806,1651,1673]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-type.
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFC9A8478F362F94D" bold="true" box="[871,889,1651,1673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFC78847FF417F94D" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[901,1036,1651,1673]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFC78847FF417F94D" box="[901,1036,1651,1673]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">A. arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFB5D8478F4AAF94D" bold="true" box="[1184,1201,1651,1673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFB40847FF55FF94D" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1213,1348,1651,1673]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFB40847FF55FF94D" box="[1213,1348,1651,1673]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">A. arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFF188499F0ECF96C" bold="true" box="[229,247,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFEFA8499F19FF96C" authority="Jin & Ma & Tu, 2018" authorityName="Jin & Ma & Tu" authorityYear="2018" box="[263,388,1682,1704]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFEFA8499F19FF96C" box="[263,388,1682,1704]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">A. cruciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFE708499F1D2F96C" bold="true" box="[397,457,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81C16E24092A8C5AFE708499F1D2F96C" box="[397,457,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, female, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFD868499F296F96C" bold="true" box="[635,653,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">D</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFD608499F323F96C" authority="Jin & Ma & Tu, 2018" authorityName="Jin & Ma & Tu" authorityYear="2018" box="[669,824,1682,1704]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticulatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFD608499F323F96C" box="[669,824,1682,1704]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">A. denticulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFCBD8499F366F96C" bold="true" box="[832,893,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81C16E24092A8C5AFCBD8499F366F96C" box="[832,893,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFBE68499F437F96C" bold="true" box="[1051,1068,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFBC68499F4E7F96C" authority="Jin & Ma & Tu, 2018" authorityName="Jin & Ma & Tu" authorityYear="2018" box="[1083,1276,1682,1704]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiorbiculatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFBC68499F4E7F96C" box="[1083,1276,1682,1704]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">A. semiorbiculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFAF88499F55AF96C" bold="true" box="[1285,1345,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81C16E24092A8C5AFAF88499F55AF96C" box="[1285,1345,1682,1704]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, female, dorsal;
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFF1F84BBF0F4F902" bold="true" box="[226,239,1712,1734]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">F</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFF0184BAF1A1F902" authority="Jin & Ma & Tu, 2018" authorityName="Jin & Ma & Tu" authorityYear="2018" box="[252,442,1712,1734]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiorbiculatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFF0184BAF1A1F902" box="[252,442,1712,1734]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">A. semiorbiculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFE3D84BBF1E2F902" bold="true" box="[448,505,1712,1734]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81C16E24092A8C5AFE3D84BBF1E2F902" box="[448,505,1712,1734]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, female, lateral. [Scale bars, mm]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E09C5CC6092A8C5DFF3A84F8F134FC99" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="502" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A8390F4D092A8C5DFF3A84F8F138FDF9" blockId="3.[151,1436,1779,2020]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,896]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="502" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFF3A84F8F120F8C8" bold="true" box="[199,315,1779,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
As stated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC1772BC092A8C5AFE2384FFF284F8C8" box="[478,671,1779,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" refId="ref4170" refString="Ma, S. C., Marusik, Y. M. & Tu, L. H. (2016) A review of the Nearctic linyphiid spider Arcuphantes fragilis (Araneae, Linyphiidae) and closely related species. Zootaxa, 4144 (3), 383 - 396. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4144.3.6" type="journal article">
|
||
Ma
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFDF084FFF25AF8CF" box="[525,577,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, genitalia of the Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFC3084F8F441F8CF" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[973,1114,1779,1803]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFC3084F8F441F8CF" box="[973,1114,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Arcuphantes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species can be divided into three
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFF2B8513F10EF8F4" box="[214,277,1816,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">types</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFEDD851CF16AF8EB" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[288,369,1815,1839]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFEDD851CF16AF8EB" box="[288,369,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFE858513F1B6F8F4" box="[376,429,1816,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFE45851CF234F8EB" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[440,559,1815,1839]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFE45851CF234F8EB" box="[440,559,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFDCA8513F277F8F4" box="[567,620,1816,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFD5B851CF2E9F8EB" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[678,754,1815,1839]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFD5B851CF2E9F8EB" box="[678,754,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">pictilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFD078513F334F8F4" box="[762,815,1816,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. The epigyna of the three
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFBAE8513F495F8F4" box="[1107,1166,1816,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">types</typeStatus>
|
||
are easily distinguished by the shape of the scape: U-shaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFDB18530F2D8F897" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[588,707,1851,1875]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFDB18530F2D8F897" box="[588,707,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFD378537F2E7F890" box="[714,764,1852,1876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092A8C5AFCF68530F355F890" box="[779,846,1851,1876]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Epigynum. A–C. Arcuphantes arcuatulus, A, ventral; B, lateral; C, dorsal, arrow points to the proximal end of fertilization groove; D–C, A. cruciatus n. sp., D, ventral; E, lateral; F, dorsal; G–I, A. semiorbiculatus n. sp., G, ventral; H, lateral; I, dorsal. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270391/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), straight in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFC218530F436F897" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[988,1069,1851,1875]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFC218530F436F897" box="[988,1069,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFBC88537F47CF890" box="[1077,1127,1852,1876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC1772BC092A8C5AFB888537F504F890" box="[1141,1311,1851,1876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" refId="ref4170" refString="Ma, S. C., Marusik, Y. M. & Tu, L. H. (2016) A review of the Nearctic linyphiid spider Arcuphantes fragilis (Araneae, Linyphiidae) and closely related species. Zootaxa, 4144 (3), 383 - 396. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4144.3.6" type="journal article">
|
||
Ma
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFB5E8537F4C8F897" box="[1187,1235,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4) and S-shaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFED68554F16CF8B3" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[299,375,1887,1911]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFED68554F16CF8B3" box="[299,375,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">pictilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFE83856BF1ABF8BC" box="[382,432,1888,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC1772BC092A8C5AFE398554F357F8BC" box="[452,844,1887,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" refId="ref4098" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W. (1943) New genera and species of North American linyphiid spiders. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 10, 1 - 39." type="journal article">Chamberlin & Ivie 1943: fig. 36</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, the epigyna of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFB448554F511F8B3" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[1209,1290,1887,1911]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFB448554F511F8B3" box="[1209,1290,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFAEC856BF558F8BC" box="[1297,1347,1888,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
have a triangular epigynal cavity, which is absent in other two
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFCE0858FF347F858" box="[797,860,1924,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">types</typeStatus>
|
||
. The male palps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFBB98588F4A0F85F" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1092,1211,1923,1947]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFBB98588F4A0F85F" box="[1092,1211,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFB3F858FF4EFF858" box="[1218,1268,1924,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092A8C5AFAFB8588F557F858" box="[1286,1356,1923,1948]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[278,1315,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[278,1315,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male palp. A–E. Arcuphantes arcuatulus. A, prolateral; B, ventral; C, retrolateral; D, embolic division, ventral; E, ditto, dorsal; F–J, A. denticulatus n. sp., F, prolateral; G, ventral; H, retrolateral; I, embolic division, ventral; J, ditto, dorsal. Arrows in D, E, I, J refer to serrate area on radix. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270389/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFEC385ACF194F87B" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[318,399,1959,1983]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFEC385ACF194F87B" box="[318,399,1959,1983]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFE6A85A3F1D2F804" box="[407,457,1960,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC1772BC092A8C5AFE2785A3F296F804" box="[474,653,1959,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" refId="ref4170" refString="Ma, S. C., Marusik, Y. M. & Tu, L. H. (2016) A review of the Nearctic linyphiid spider Arcuphantes fragilis (Araneae, Linyphiidae) and closely related species. Zootaxa, 4144 (3), 383 - 396. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4144.3.6" type="journal article">
|
||
Ma
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFDF185A3F25BF87B" box="[524,576,1959,1983]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1; the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFC8785A3F3F3F87B" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[890,1000,1959,1983]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFC8785A3F390F87B" box="[890,907,1960,1983]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFC6185ACF3F3F87B" box="[924,1000,1959,1983]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">pictilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains unknown) as follows: 1) the cymbial retrobasal process in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092A8C5AFDF185C0F298F827" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[524,643,1995,2019]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092A8C5AFDF185C0F298F827" box="[524,643,1995,2019]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092A8C5AFD7785C7F2A7F820" box="[650,700,1996,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="501">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is wide and blunt, while it is a thumb-like apophysis in that of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFF6A8293F0F3FF74" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,232,152,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFF6A8293F0F3FF74" box="[151,232,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFF0D8293F13EFF74" box="[240,293,152,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
; 2) the paracymbium in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFD9C8293F2C3FF74" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[609,728,152,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFD9C8293F2C3FF74" box="[609,728,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFD228293F30AFF74" box="[735,785,152,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is narrow and elongated, with a middle and an outer arm, whereas that of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFE8D82B7F1DAFF10" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[368,449,188,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFE8D82B7F1DAFF10" box="[368,449,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFE3482B6F1E0FF11" box="[457,507,189,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is wide with two distal apophyses; 3) the radix in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFBAE82B7F4D1FF10" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1107,1226,188,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFBAE82B7F4D1FF10" box="[1107,1226,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFB2C82B6F518FF11" box="[1233,1283,189,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is posteriorly prolonged with a central serrated area, and Fickert's gland is located anteriorly, while in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFB4C82EBF519FF3C" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[1201,1282,224,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFB4C82EBF519FF3C" box="[1201,1282,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFAF782EBF527FF3C" box="[1290,1340,224,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
it keeps boat-shaped as that in many other micronetine genera (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC1772BC092D8C5DFD01830FF45FFED9" box="[764,1092,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" refId="ref4300" refString="Saaristo, M. I. & Tanasevitch, A. V. (1996) Redelimitation of the Subfamily Micronetinae Hull, 1920 and the Genus Lepthyphantes Menge, 1866 with Descriptions of Some New Genera (Aranei, Linyphiidae). Berichte naturw. - mediz. Verein Innsbruck, 83, 163 - 186." type="journal article">Saaristo & Tanasevitch 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), without central serrated area, and with Fickert's gland located posteriorly; 4) the apex of lamella characteristica in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFB858323F4F4FE84" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[1144,1263,296,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFB858323F4F4FE84" box="[1144,1263,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFB0B8323F533FE84" box="[1270,1320,296,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is broomshaped with strong sclerotized teeth, while in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFD3E8347F30FFEA0" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[707,788,332,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFD3E8347F30FFEA0" box="[707,788,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFCE68346F356FEA1" box="[795,845,333,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
it is wide and stout with numerous fine denticles; 5) the terminal apophysis in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFE1C837BF243FE4C" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[481,600,368,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFE1C837BF243FE4C" box="[481,600,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFDA2837BF28AFE4C" box="[607,657,368,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is a large sclerite with several processes, while that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFB05837BF552FE4C" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[1272,1353,368,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFB05837BF552FE4C" box="[1272,1353,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFAAD837BF599FE4C" box="[1360,1410,368,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is divided into two parts: a tooth-like anterior terminal apophysis and a waved membranous posterior terminal apophysis; 6) the embolus in both
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFDCD83B3F270FE14" box="[560,619,440,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">types</typeStatus>
|
||
are trunk-like, while in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFC4683B3F417FE14" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[955,1036,440,464]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFC4683B3F417FE14" box="[955,1036,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFBEE83B3F45EFE14" box="[1043,1093,440,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
it is S-shaped with a middle depression. Accordingly, each genital
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFDB983D6F26FFE31" box="[580,628,477,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
consists of a complex of genital characters, and large gaps exist among different genital
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFEA4800BF18CFDDC" box="[345,407,512,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">types</typeStatus>
|
||
. The relationships among the species having different genital
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFB92800BF4B1FDDC" box="[1135,1194,512,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">types</typeStatus>
|
||
need to be tested in future study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A8390F4D092D8C5DFF3A8043F134FC99" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">
|
||
Four species recognized here having the genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFCDD8043F38CFDA4" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[800,919,584,608]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFCDD8043F38CFDA4" box="[800,919,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">arcuatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="773DB1EF092D8C5DFC628043F3CFFDA4" box="[927,980,584,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
|
||
; one of them is based only on two male specimens and one on two females. Interspecific variation is observed mainly in the characters of the palpal paracymbial apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092D8C5DFE558084F1F6FD6C" box="[424,493,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1516,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1494]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male palpal embolic division and paracymbium. A–B, Arcuphantes arcuatulus, C–D, A. cruciatus n. sp., E–F, A. denticulatus n. sp., A, C, E, embolic division, anterior, embolus apex artificially broken in E, arrows point to anterior process of terminal apophysis turning backwards in A and extending forward in E, and bulged anterior part of terminal apophysis in C; B, D, F, paracymbium, arrows in B and F point to basal fold of paracymbial middle arm. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270399/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), the central serrated area of the radix (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092D8C5DFC558084F40CFD6C" box="[936,1047,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[278,1315,193,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[278,1315,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male palp. A–E. Arcuphantes arcuatulus. A, prolateral; B, ventral; C, retrolateral; D, embolic division, ventral; E, ditto, dorsal; F–J, A. denticulatus n. sp., F, prolateral; G, ventral; H, retrolateral; I, embolic division, ventral; J, ditto, dorsal. Arrows in D, E, I, J refer to serrate area on radix. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270389/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">Fig. 2D, I</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the terminal apophysis in the male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092D8C5DFF2180BFF13BFD08" box="[220,288,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1516,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1494]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male palpal embolic division and paracymbium. A–B, Arcuphantes arcuatulus, C–D, A. cruciatus n. sp., E–F, A. denticulatus n. sp., A, C, E, embolic division, anterior, embolus apex artificially broken in E, arrows point to anterior process of terminal apophysis turning backwards in A and extending forward in E, and bulged anterior part of terminal apophysis in C; B, D, F, paracymbium, arrows in B and F point to basal fold of paracymbial middle arm. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270399/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the shape of the epigynal scape in the female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="30BD13C8092D8C5DFC9B80BFF3E5FD08" box="[870,1022,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Epigynum. A–C. Arcuphantes arcuatulus, A, ventral; B, lateral; C, dorsal, arrow points to the proximal end of fertilization groove; D–C, A. cruciatus n. sp., D, ventral; E, lateral; F, dorsal; G–I, A. semiorbiculatus n. sp., G, ventral; H, lateral; I, dorsal. [Scale bars, mm]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270391/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">Fig. 3B, E, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). The rigorous matching between the male and female genitalia plays an important role in the copulation success in linyphiids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC1772BC092D8C5DFB7080DCF54AFD34" box="[1165,1361,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" refId="ref4709" refString="van Helsdingen, P. J. (1965) Sexual behavior of Lepthyphantes leprosus (Ohlert) (Araneida, Linyphiidae), with notes on the function of the genital organs. Zoologische Mededelingen, 41, 15 - 42." type="journal article">Helsdingen 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC1772BC092D8C5DFAA180DCF58CFD34" box="[1372,1431,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" refId="ref4752" refString="van Helsdingen, P. J. (1969) A reclassification of the species of Linyphia Latreille based on the functioning of the genitalia (Araneida, Linyphiidae), I. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 105, 1 - 303." type="journal article">1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC1772BC092D8C5DFF6A80F6F15DFCD1" box="[151,326,764,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" refId="ref4170" refString="Ma, S. C., Marusik, Y. M. & Tu, L. H. (2016) A review of the Nearctic linyphiid spider Arcuphantes fragilis (Araneae, Linyphiidae) and closely related species. Zootaxa, 4144 (3), 383 - 396. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4144.3.6" type="journal article">
|
||
Ma
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFF3B80F6F0E1FCD0" box="[198,250,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), especially in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F8674CE092D8C5DFE0880F7F299FCD0" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[501,642,764,788]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Arcuphantes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFE0880F7F299FCD0" box="[501,642,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">Arcuphantes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, the close coupling of the male palpal paracymbium and the epigynal scape provides support for the compression of an inflated basal haematodocha that is the key for sperm insemination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E09C5CC6092D8C5DFF3A816CF33CFC44" box="[199,807,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="A8390F4D092D8C5DFF3A816CF33CFC44" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,896]" box="[199,807,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AF2D35F092D8C5DFF3A816CF17BFC44" bold="true" box="[199,352,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D0914FDD092D8C5DFE9A8163F184FC44" box="[359,415,872,896]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6A42C1AF092D8C5DFE50816CF22CFC44" box="[429,567,871,896]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">Washington</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6A42C1AF092D8C5DFDBF8163F282FC44" box="[578,665,872,896]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">Oregon</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6A42C1AF092D8C5DFD58816CF307FC44" box="[677,796,871,896]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="4" pageNumber="502">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |