219 lines
24 KiB
XML
219 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.243.3990" ID-GBIF-Dataset="443af630-ba06-4b78-8924-9896713e9cf1" ID-PMC="PMC3697044" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-243-27" ID-PubMed="23818811" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-243-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 243" ModsDocTitle="New neotropical species of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) reared from fruit-infesting and leaf-mining Tephritidae (Diptera) with comments on the Diachasmimorpha mexicana species group and the genera Lorenzopius and Tubiformopius" checkinTime="1451248541764" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wharton, Robert, Ward, Lauren & Miko, Istvan" docDate="2012" docId="CD28E218E8BB702E4BC5B486BBB8C9F4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 243: 27-82" docOrigin="ZooKeys 243" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.243.3990" docTitle="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="A334154EFF8AFF9C0E2B8B29FFD7FB06" masterDocTitle="New neotropical species of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) reared from fruit-infesting and leaf-mining Tephritidae (Diptera) with comments on the Diachasmimorpha mexicana species group and the genera Lorenzopius and Tubiformopius" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1668154739309" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New neotropical species of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) reared from fruit-infesting and leaf-mining Tephritidae (Diptera) with comments on the Diachasmimorpha mexicana species group and the genera Lorenzopius and Tubiformopius</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wharton, Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ward, Lauren</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Miko, Istvan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>243</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>82</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.243.3990</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.243.3990</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-243-27</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037977" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD28E218E8BB702E4BC5B486BBB8C9F4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD28E218E8BB702E4BC5B486BBB8C9F4" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Diachasmimorpha_hildagensis" authority="Fischer" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis (Fischer)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="8" pageNumber="35">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1213–">-1213-</normalizedToken>
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16
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius (Biosteres) hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis" subGenus="Biosteres">Opius (Biosteres) hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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Fischer, 1964: 12, 20-22. Holotype male in AEIC (examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Biosteres" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biosteres (Parasteres) hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis" subGenus="Parasteres">Biosteres (Parasteres) hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Neotropischen Fauna" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 21" title="Zusammenfassung der neotropischen Opiinae mit Ausschluss der Gattung Opius Wesm. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)." url="10.1080/01650526709360393" volume="5" year="1967 a">Fischer 1967a</bibRefCitation>
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: 5 (generic transfer).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Parasteres" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parasteres hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Parasteres hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Hymenoptera Braconidae. World Opiinae. Le Francois, Paris" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" title="Index of Entomophagous Insects." year="1971">Fischer 1971</bibRefCitation>
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: 33 (generic transfer);
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 1001" title="Hymenoptera, Braconidae (Opiinae II-Amerika)." volume="96" year="1977">Fischer 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 880-883 (key, redescription).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Type locality:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Mexico, State of Mexico, Hidalgo National Park.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Holotype male (AEIC), first label, first line: Hidalgo Natl. Pk. second line: State of Mex., Mex. third line: x.12.62 3000 m. fourth line: H. & M. Townes Second label [purple]: Holotype Third label: Opius hildagensis [male symbol] sp. n. det. Fischer Fourth label: Type No. 336</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="36" start="start">Other</pageBreakToken>
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specimens examined: 2 females, 1 male, Mexico, Mexico, Rt 890, km 9, 6 km W Lago Zempoala, 2.x.1991, A.L. Norrbom, reared from
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<taxonomicName genus="Oedicarina" lsidName="Oedicarina latifrons" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="latifrons">Oedicarina latifrons</taxonomicName>
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infesting fruits of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum brachycarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachycarpum">Solanum brachycarpum</taxonomicName>
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(91M14B) (TAMU, USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
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Holotype male. Eye in dorsal view as long as temple, temples neither receding nor expanded beyond eyes; eye in lateral view 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than temple. Frons irregularly rugulose along midline between antenna and median ocellus. Clypeus 2.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than high. Occipital carina distinct near base of mandible, short, not extending dorsally to ventral margin of eye. Antenna with 46 flagellomeres; first flagellomere 1.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide. Pronope deep, large, interrupting posterior crenulate groove middorsally. Notauli deep anteriorly, reaching anterior-lateral margin of mesoscutum and extending posteriorly about 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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distance to deep, elongate midpit. Precoxal sulcus distinctly crenulate throughout, nearly extending to anterior margin of mesopleuron. Propodeum rugose, areola extending over posterior 0.6 but largely obscured
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="37" start="start">by</pageBreakToken>
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sculpture. Fore wing 2RS 0.95
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of 3RSa; m-cu distinctly postfurcal. T1 with dorsal carinae weakly converging, widely separated at posterior margin, gradually weakening posteriorly. Meso- and metasoma orange, tegula black, head dark brown to black except narrow yellow-orange band along epistomal sulcus extending to and through malar sulcus and small orange spot on vertex adjacent eye; legs black except extreme base of hind coxa irregularly orange, joint between femora and trochantelli reddish orange, mid and hind tarsi dark brown. Body length about 4.3 mm, fore wing length 4.5 mm, mesosoma length 1.8 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
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Specimens reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedicarena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oedicarena latifrons" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifrons">Oedicarena latifrons</taxonomicName>
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(Wulp) vary as follows relative to the holotype: clypeus length/height ratio 2.6-2.8; eye/temple ratio, lateral view, 1.3-1.4 (males), 1.55 (female); antenna with 46-48 flagellomeres; 2RS/3RS ratio 0.95-1.0;
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="38" start="start">ovipositor</pageBreakToken>
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sheath 2.5 times longer than the mesosoma; mesosoma length 1.85-1.9 mm (male), 2.0 mm (female); one male with T1 dorsal carinae absent over posterior 0.5 and mandible, clypeus, face, and hind coxa more extensively orange; female with outer surface of hind coxa completely pale (dark medially), mandible, clypeus and lower part of face more extensively pale than in holotype.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="11" pageNumber="38">
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This species is slightly larger and has a smaller eye than both of the similarly-colored species described below,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha martinalujai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinalujai">Diachasmimorpha martinalujai</taxonomicName>
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, sp. n. and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha norrbomi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="norrbomi">Diachasmimorpha norrbomi</taxonomicName>
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, sp. n. Based on the single female reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha latifrons" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifrons">Diachasmimorpha latifrons</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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alsohas a much longer ovipositor than
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha norrbomi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="norrbomi">Diachasmimorpha norrbomi</taxonomicName>
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. The ovipositors of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha martinalujai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinalujai">Diachasmimorpha martinalujai</taxonomicName>
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are similar in length. In
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha martinalujai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinalujai">Diachasmimorpha martinalujai</taxonomicName>
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, the notaulus consistently extends anteriorly to the margin of the mesoscutum whereas in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha norrbomi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="norrbomi">Diachasmimorpha norrbomi</taxonomicName>
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, the notaulus usually does not. Color variation in the specimens reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius latifrons" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifrons">Opius latifrons</taxonomicName>
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is similar to that in the paratype series of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha martinalujai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinalujai">Diachasmimorpha martinalujai</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha norrbomi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="norrbomi">Diachasmimorpha norrbomi</taxonomicName>
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. Both
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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and the two newly described speciesare similar in having the head mostly dark in contrast to the orange heads of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha mexicana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">Diachasmimorpha mexicana</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha sanguinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanguinea">Diachasmimorpha sanguinea</taxonomicName>
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, the other two members of this
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="39" start="start">species</pageBreakToken>
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group. The holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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exhibits subsurface discoloration on the metasoma, but the tergites are all entirely orange.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="39" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="39">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="39">
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There is no biological information associated with the holotype. The non-type material listed above was reared from the tephritid
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<taxonomicName genus="Oedicarina" lsidName="Oedicarina latifrons" pageId="12" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="latifrons">Oedicarina latifrons</taxonomicName>
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infesting fruits of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum brachycarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachycarpum">Solanum brachycarpum</taxonomicName>
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Correll. Collection data and host information can be found in
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<bibRefCitation author="Norrbom, AL" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Mexicana" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="93 - 117" title="A revision of the genus Oedicarina Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae)." volume="75" year="1988">Norrbom et al. (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="12" pageNumber="39" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="39">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="12" pageNumber="39">
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The name hildagensis is based on a misreading of the locality label on the holotype, which is correctly written as Hidalgo Nat. Park, not "Hildago Nat. Park" as given by
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Reichenbachia" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 67" title="Revision der neotropischen Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="3" year="1964">Fischer (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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in the original description. In the original description, hilda
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="40" start="start">gensis</pageBreakToken>
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is included in a key to the subgenus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Biosteres" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biosteres" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Biosteres</taxonomicName>
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, but the subgeneric name was not included in the heading for the species description. This species is here transferred to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diachasmimorpha</taxonomicName>
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, as diagnosed above, on the basis of fore and hind wing venation (Fig. 16), the morphology of the labrum, clypeus, and mandible (Fig. 12), and the well-developed notaulus and midpit (Figs 13-15). A detailed description of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diachasmimorpha</taxonomicName>
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is provided in
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<bibRefCitation author="Wharton, RA" journalOrPublisher="Contributions of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 53" title="Generic relationships of opiine Braconidae (Hymenoptera) parasitic on fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera)." volume="30" year="1997">Wharton (1997)</bibRefCitation>
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. Inclusion of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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in the mexicana species group is based on the greatly reduced occipital carina, sinuate anterior margin of the pronotum ventral-laterally, and the body and wing coloration.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="13" pageNumber="40">
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Both
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha mexicana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">Diachasmimorpha mexicana</taxonomicName>
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were described from single male specimens collected in the state of Mexico and the Distrito Federal, respectively, and unassociated with either hosts or host plants. Both have relatively small eyes, but are readily
|
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="41" start="start">separated</pageBreakToken>
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from one another on the basis of head coloration. Associating the name hildagensis with the many dark-headed specimens available for study, however, has been considerably more challenging. Reared material, representing over 50 specimens kindly made available to us by Allen Norrbom, Martin Aluja, and Juan Rull, provides clear evidence of sexual dimorphism in eye size as well as variation in ovipositor length associated with different hosts and host plants. This material has been especially critical for understanding color patterns and associating males with females. Based primarily on eye size and body size, the holotype of
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
|
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is closest to the series of three specimens listed above under "other specimens examined," that emerged from puparia of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius latifrons" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latifrons">Opius latifrons</taxonomicName>
|
||
infesting fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum brachycarpum" order="Solanales" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachycarpum">Solanum brachycarpum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. From the remaining reared material, we describe two closely similar species below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Figures 9-12.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fischer), holotype male. 9 habitus 10 head and base of notaulus, lateral view 11 head, pronope, and base of notaulus, dorsal view 12 face.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Figures 13-16.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fischer), holotype male. 13 mesosoma, lateral view, arrow showing anterior declivity of mesoscutum, bracket showing mesoscutal disc 14 head and mesonotum, dorsal view 15 propodeal sculpture 16 left fore and hind wings illustrating wing vein terminology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |