247 lines
28 KiB
XML
247 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788991" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aa97d560-1969-4b79-93bb-2614b7835c0e" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750423" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788991" approvalRequired="5103" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="74" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="5027" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1587982132140" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert" docDate="2010" docId="03B2F2569F72A479E6A7FC5DFC3FAB2A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2163.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 38 (38)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@2c1f1b55" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Tortricidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="96" masterDocId="FF8B8A2E9F2CA426E62BFFD7FFC6AF1B" masterDocTitle="An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada" masterLastPageNumber="549" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1643558428782" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pohl, Greg</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Northern Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Edmonton ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anweiler, Gary</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Alberta Strickland Entomology Museum ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schmidt, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kondla, Norbert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Calgary ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2010-03-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>549</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.38.383</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">aa97d560-1969-4b79-93bb-2614b7835c0e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576629</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788991" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750423" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788991" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2F2569F72A479E6A7FC5DFC3FAB2A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2F2569F72A479E6A7FC5DFC3FAB2A" lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<subSubSection box="[140,544,906,933]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="94.[140,1108,906,1355]" box="[140,544,906,933]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<heading box="[140,544,906,933]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" reason="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,544,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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37.
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<taxonomicName box="[179,320,906,933]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tortricidae</taxonomicName>
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– tortricid moths
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="94.[140,1108,906,1355]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">A diverse family of moths with stout, often down-turned palps, an unscaled proboscis, and broad wings. Most adults are crepuscular or nocturnal. Larvae are leafrollers or leaftiers, or bore in stems, bark, seeds, and fruit. Th is is a large, diverse group with many pest species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="94.[140,1108,906,1355]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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Despite the economic importance of the tortricids, their taxonomy is not well known. A world catalog was published recently (
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<bibRefCitation author="Brown JW" box="[686,832,1117,1144]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref238270" refString="Brown JW (2005) World catalog of insects, Vol. 5: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark, 741 pp." type="book" year="2005">Brown 2005</bibRefCitation>
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), but the higher taxonomy of the group is not settled. Th e list here follows the scheme presented by
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<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref263798" refString="Razowski J (2008) Tortricidae of the Palaearctic region, Vol. 1. Tortricini and general part. Frantisek Slamka, Bratislava, Slovakia, 152 pp." type="book" year="2008">Razowski (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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, who provided an excellent morphological overview. Adults of some groups are extremely variable, often with more external variation between color morphs of a species than exists between species. Identification often requires genitalic dissection. Approximately 6000 species of tortricids are known worldwide; 1289 species are known in North America, of which 382 are reported from AB.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="94.[140,1108,1400,1672]" box="[140,325,1400,1424]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,325,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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37.1.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[197,325,1400,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tortricinae">Tortricinae</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="94.[140,1108,1400,1672]" lastBlockId="95.[140,1108,167,1073]" lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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Mostly small, but ranging from minute to medium-sized (
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<quantity box="[794,907,1434,1461]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="8.0">8–35 mm</quantity>
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wingspan) moths with the characteristics of the family, as described above. The antennae have two rings of scales per antennal segment (except in the tribe
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<taxonomicName box="[739,924,1504,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Sparganothidini">Sparganothidini</taxonomicName>
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). The forewings are generally more broad basally than is the case for other tortricids. Some members of the tribe
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pierce & Metcalfe" authorityYear="1922" box="[274,380,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
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(bell moths) have sinuate forewings and are bell shaped when at rest. Larvae of most species are leafrollers; those of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1845" box="[760,871,1610,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cochylini">Cochylini</taxonomicName>
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are seed, flower, and stem borers, and a few of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuznetzov & Stekolnikov" authorityYear="1977" box="[483,559,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Euliini">Euliini</taxonomicName>
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are litter feeders. A few species of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pierce & Metcalfe" authorityYear="1922" box="[1001,1107,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
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feed colonially inside large webbed nests. Many species are serious pests of crops and trees, including the Oblique-banded Leafroller (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jun" baseAuthorityName="Harris" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[694,958,202,228]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Choristoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosaceana">
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<emphasis box="[694,958,202,228]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Choristoneura rosaceana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), the Spruce Budworm and related species (the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jul" baseAuthorityName="Clemens" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[525,801,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Choristoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumiferana">
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<emphasis box="[525,801,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Choristoneura fumiferana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex), the Large Aspen Tortrix (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jun" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[234,508,272,298]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Choristoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conflictana">
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<emphasis box="[234,508,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Choristoneura conflictana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and the Omnivorous Leafroller (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jul" baseAuthorityName="Clemens" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[892,1091,272,298]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Archips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurana">
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<emphasis box="[892,1091,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Archips purpurana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="95.[140,1108,167,1073]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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The
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[233,361,307,333]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tortricinae">Tortricinae</taxonomicName>
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, as it is presently delineated, is probably a paraphyletic group. It includes the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1845" box="[259,374,343,369]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cochylini">Cochylini</taxonomicName>
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, which until recently was considered a separate family. At present approximately 2650 species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[496,620,378,404]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tortricinae">Tortricinae</taxonomicName>
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are known worldwide. Four hundred and twenty-four species are known from North America, 126 of which are reported in AB. Taxonomic knowledge of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[476,600,448,474]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tortricinae">Tortricinae</taxonomicName>
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is variable.
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<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J" box="[736,927,448,474]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref263746" refString="Razowski J (2002) Tortricidae of Europe, Vol. 1. Tortricidae and Chlidanotinae. Frantisek Slamka, Bratislava, Slovakia, 247 pp." type="book" year="2002">Razowski (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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provided information on many Holarctic and introduced species. Almost all of the
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<taxonomicName box="[938,1047,483,509]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tortricini">Tortricini</taxonomicName>
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were covered by
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<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J" box="[267,461,519,546]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref263571" refString="Razowski J (1966) World fauna of the Tortricini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Krakow, 576 pp. + plates." type="book" year="1966">Razowski (1966)</bibRefCitation>
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; a few species were illustrated better by
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<bibRefCitation author="Obraztsov NS" box="[907,1107,519,546]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="213 - 270" refId="ref260761" refString="Obraztsov NS (1963) Some North American moths of the genus Acleris (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 114: 213 - 270." type="journal article" year="1963">Obraztsov (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J" box="[192,390,554,580]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref263798" refString="Razowski J (2008) Tortricidae of the Palaearctic region, Vol. 1. Tortricini and general part. Frantisek Slamka, Bratislava, Slovakia, 152 pp." type="book" year="2008">Razowski (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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. Th e North American
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1845" box="[657,769,554,580]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cochylini">Cochylini</taxonomicName>
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are not covered very well by modern published literature, although some species were treated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J" box="[917,1103,589,615]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="235 - 244" refId="ref263659" refString="Razowski J (1984) Revision of Henricus Busck and description of Parirazona gen. n. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 27: 235 - 244." type="journal article" year="1984">Razowski (1984</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J" box="[140,201,624,650]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="163 - 87" refId="ref263691" refString="Razowski J (1991) Notes on cochyline genus Phtheochroa Stephens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with descriptions of new American species. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 34: 163 - 87." type="journal article" year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J" box="[213,273,624,650]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="107 - 163" refId="ref263723" refString="Razowski J (1997) Cochylini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) of Canada. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 40: 107 - 163." type="journal article" year="1997">1997</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<bibRefCitation author="Sabourin M & Miller WE & Metzler EH & Vargo JT" box="[339,592,624,651]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="216 - 233" refId="ref265016" refString="Sabourin M, Miller WE, Metzler EH, Vargo JT (2002) Revised identities and new species of Aethes from midwestern North America (Tortricidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 56: 216 - 233." type="journal article" year="2002">Sabourin et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName box="[604,696,624,650]" genus="The" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="major">A major</taxonomicName>
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revision of the group, by E. Metzler and J. Brown, is currently under way. Th e
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Stainton" authorityYear="1858" box="[629,766,659,685]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cnephasiini">Cnephasiini</taxonomicName>
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have been covered as follows:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Billberg" authorityYear="1820" box="[140,197,695,720]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[140,197,695,720]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Eana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Obraztsov NS" box="[216,418,695,722]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="175 - 192" refId="ref260686" refString="Obraztsov NS (1962 a) North American species of the genus Eana, with a general review of the genus, and descriptions of two new species. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 16: 175 - 192." type="journal article" year="1962">Obraztsov 1962a</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName box="[443,556,695,721]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Cnephasia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[443,556,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Cnephasia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Mutuura A" box="[575,763,695,721]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="667 - 671" refId="ref259799" refString="Mutuura A (1982 a) Cnephasia stephensiana, a species newly recorded from Canada and compared with the previously recorded C. interjectana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 114: 667 - 671." type="journal article" year="1982">Mutuura 1982a</bibRefCitation>
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), and
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<taxonomicName authority="(Powell 1980)" baseAuthorityName="Powell" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[841,1104,695,721]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Decodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[841,926,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Decodes</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Powell JA" box="[945,1095,695,721]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="78 - 114" refId="ref262694" refString="Powell JA (1980) A synopsis of Decodes (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), with descriptions of new species and a related new genus in Mexico. Pacific Insects 22: 78 - 114." type="journal article" year="1980">Powell 1980</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. The
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pierce & Metcalfe" authorityYear="1922" box="[192,300,730,756]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
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have been treated as a group by
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<bibRefCitation author="Freeman TN" box="[687,876,730,757]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 89" refId="ref245904" refString="Freeman TN (1958) Th e Archipinae of North America (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 7: 1 - 89." type="journal article" year="1958">Freeman (1958)</bibRefCitation>
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. The genera
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<taxonomicName authority="(Obraztsov 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Obraztsov" baseAuthorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Aphelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1025,1108,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Aphelia</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Obraztsov NS" box="[147,333,765,792]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref260620" refString="Obraztsov NS (1959) Note on North American Aphelia species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). American Museum Novitates 1964: 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1959">Obraztsov 1959</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="(Mutuura 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Mutuura" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[352,710,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Archepandemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[352,515,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Archepandemis</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mutuura A" box="[529,701,765,791]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="569 - 574" refId="ref259731" refString="Mutuura A (1978) A new genus of coniferophagous Tortricidae, and two new species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 110: 569 - 574." type="journal article" year="1978">Mutuura 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[720,860,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Argyrotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[720,860,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Argyrotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Powell JA" box="[873,1016,765,791]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="83 - 97" refId="ref262397" refString="Powell JA (1960) Descriptions of new species of Argyrotaenia in the southwestern United States. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 36: 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="1960">Powell 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Obraztsov NS" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref260646" refString="Obraztsov NS (1961) Description of and notes on North and Central American species of Argyrotaenia, with the description of a new genus (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). American Museum Novitates 2048: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1961">Obraztsov 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[275,427,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Choristoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[275,427,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Choristoneura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dang PT" box="[443,575,800,827]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref240561" refString="Dang PT (1985) Key to adult males of conifer-feeding species of Choristoneura Lederer (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Canada and Alaska. Th e Canadian Entomologist 117: 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1985">Dang 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dang PT" box="[588,650,800,826]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="7 - 48" refId="ref240596" refString="Dang PT (1992) Morphological study of male genitalia with phylogenetic inference of Choristoneura Lederer (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Th e Canadian Entomologist 124: 7 - 48." type="journal article" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Powell 1962 b)" baseAuthorityName="Powell" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[671,972,800,827]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Lozotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[671,790,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Lozotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Powell JA" box="[804,964,800,827]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="841 - 845" refId="ref262457" refString="Powell JA (1962 b) Two previously undescribed species of Canadian Archipsini, with a report of the genus Lozotaenia Stephens in North America (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist 94: 841 - 845." type="journal article" year="1962">Powell 1962b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1845" box="[1034,1107,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Clepsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1034,1107,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Clepsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J" box="[147,335,835,862]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="101 - 198" refId="ref263599" refString="Razowski J (1979 a) Revision of the genus Clepsis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Part 1. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 23: 101 - 198." type="journal article" year="1979">Razowski 1979a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J" box="[346,421,835,862]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="113 - 152" refId="ref263629" refString="Razowski J (1979 b) Revision of the genus Clepsis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Part 2. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 24: 113 - 152." type="journal article" year="1979">1979b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have all been treated more recently. Th e
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[886,1068,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Sparganothidini">Sparganothidini</taxonomicName>
|
||
are poorly known, although some groups within this tribe have been covered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Powell JA" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="61 - 71" refId="ref262796" refString="Powell JA (1985) Discovery of two new species and genera of shaggy tortricids related to Synnoma and Niasoma (Tortricidae: Sparganothini). Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 24: 61 - 71." type="journal article" year="1985">Powell (1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Powell JA" box="[226,289,906,933]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="372 - 398" refId="ref262834" refString="Powell JA (1986) Synopsis of the classification of Neotropical Tortricinae, with descriptions of new genera and species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 62: 372 - 398." type="journal article" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Most of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuznetzov & Stekolnikov" authorityYear="1977" box="[464,541,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Euliini">Euliini</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been treated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brown JW & Powell JA" box="[807,1103,906,932]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 87" refId="ref238299" refString="Brown JW, Powell JA (1991) Systematics of the Chrysoxena group of genera (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Euliini). University of California Publications in Entomology 111: 1 - 87." type="journal article" year="1991">Brown and Powell (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Brown JW & Powell JA" box="[140,200,941,967]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref238334" refString="Brown JW, Powell JA (2000) Systematics of Anopina Obraztsov (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Euliini). University of California Publications in Entomology 120: 1 - 128 + 32 fig." type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Razowski J & Becker VO" box="[270,606,941,967]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="65 - 76" refId="ref263828" refString="Razowski J, Becker VO (2000) Revision of the New World Euliini - genus Bonagota Razowski, with notes on Apotomops Powell et Obraztsov (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 69: 65 - 76." type="journal article" year="2000">Razowski and Becker (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In an unpublished thesis,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lambert RL" box="[923,1107,941,968]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref253812" refString="Lambert RL (1950) Revision of the moths of the subfamily Sparganothidinae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). PhD thesis, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, 502 pp. + 49 plates." type="book" year="1950">Lambert (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated many species, but some species concepts have changed since then. Although theirs was not a thorough systematic treatment,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pogue MG & Lavigne R" box="[695,999,1011,1038]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref261564" refString="Pogue MG, Lavigne R (1981) Th e Tortricinae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) of Wyoming. University of Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station, Science Monograph SM- 41, 321 pp." type="book" year="1981">Pogue and Lavigne (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided useful illustrations and biological information on many species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[884,1013,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tortricinae">Tortricinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |