218 lines
17 KiB
XML
218 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3748525" approvalRequired="1" checkinTime="1586358796837" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Burgin, Connor" docDate="2019" docId="885887A2FFE08A06FF07F506F2B4DAA9" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Rhinolophidae.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Rhinolophus thomasi K. Andersen 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="21" lastPageNumber="326" masterDocId="7461FFDAFFCF8A29FFCCFFA1FF85D963" masterDocTitle="Rhinolophidae" masterLastPageNumber="332" masterPageNumber="280" pageNumber="326" updateTime="1658949228820" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Rhinolophidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burgin, Connor</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mittermeier, Russell A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>280</mods:start>
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<mods:end>332</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3748525</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3808960" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163549981" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3808960" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFE08A06FF07F506F2B4DAA9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/885887A2FFE08A06FF07F506F2B4DAA9" lastPageNumber="326" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<subSubSection box="[203,1011,2727,2788]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[202,1610,2726,2833]" box="[203,1011,2727,2788]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<figureCitation box="[203,275,2727,2788]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="46.[166,208,4390,4417]" captionTargetBox="[152,3486,163,4684]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="On following pages: 94. Thomas's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus thomasi); 95. Lesser Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros); 96. rancis's Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus trancisi); 97. Lesser Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus sedulus); 98. Trefoil Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus trifoliatus); 99. Northern Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus perniger); 100. Selangor Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus luctoides); 101. Malaysian Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus mono); 102. Great Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus luctus); 1.03. Beddome's Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus beddomei); 104. Formosan Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus formosaë); 105. Thailand Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus thailandensis); 106. Dobson's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus yunanensis); 107. Chiew Kwee's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus chiewkweeae); 108. Pearson's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus pearsonii); 109. Mitred Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus mitratus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3748537/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">94</figureCitation>
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. Thomas’s Horseshoe Bat
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1075,1610,2727,2788]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[202,1610,2726,2833]" box="[1075,1610,2727,2788]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1905" box="[1075,1610,2727,2788]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomasi">
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<emphasis box="[1075,1610,2727,2788]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Rhinolophus thomasi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[203,1532,2802,2829]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[202,1610,2726,2833]" box="[203,1532,2802,2829]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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French: Rhinolophe deThomas
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[632,775,2802,2829]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">/German:</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[780,1084,2802,2829]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Thomas-Hufeisennase</emphasis>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1110,1234,2802,2829]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Spanish:</emphasis>
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Herradura de Thomas
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1027,1822,2901,3467]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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Taxonomy.
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<taxonomicName authority="K. Andersen, 1905" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1905" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomasi">
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<emphasis box="[1272,1655,2901,2940]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Rhinolophus thomasi</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1683,1717,2901,2940]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">K</emphasis>
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. Andersen, 1905
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1027,1822,2901,3467]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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“
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2597534012" country="Myanmar" location="Karin Hills, Burma" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFE08A06FF07F506F2B4DAA9:052E606FFFE08A06FAE8F428F916D2D3" box="[1316,1683,2953,2992]" country="Myanmar" name="Karin Hills, Burma" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Karin Hills, Burma</location>
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[=
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<collectingCountry name="Myanmar" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1155,1182,3005,3044]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">].</emphasis>
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”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1027,1822,2901,3467]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1905" box="[1028,1390,3059,3098]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomasi">
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<emphasis box="[1028,1390,3059,3098]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Rhinolophus thomasi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is included in the
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<emphasis box="[1735,1822,3059,3098]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">rouxii</emphasis>
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species group and appears to be sister to
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<emphasis box="[1081,1511,3165,3205]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1939" box="[1081,1505,3165,3205]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="sinicus" subSpecies="septentrionalis">R. sinicus septentrionalis</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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which is likely a distinct species pending revision. Two subspecies are sometimes recognized. Here considered to be monotypic until further studies validate the existence of either subspecies.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[205,1451,3481,3520]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3750098" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3750098" box="[205,1451,3481,3520]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3750098/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" targetBox="[202,997,2902,3457]" targetPageId="47">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[205,1822,3481,4629]" box="[205,1451,3481,3520]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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Distribution. S
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<collectingCountry box="[521,638,3481,3520]" name="China" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">China</collectingCountry>
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,
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<emphasis box="[657,684,3481,3520]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">E</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry box="[696,875,3481,3520]" name="Myanmar" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[894,1070,3481,3520]" name="Thailand" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1089,1180,3481,3520]" name="Laos" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Laos</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry box="[1280,1446,3481,3520]" name="Vietnam" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[205,1822,3481,4629]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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Descriptive
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[436,548,3533,3572]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body
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<quantity box="[802,1010,3533,3572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="49.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="48.0">48—50 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity box="[1114,1319,3533,3572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="18.0">18—28 mm</quantity>
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, ear
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<quantity box="[1424,1629,3533,3572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="16.0">16—24 mm</quantity>
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, hindfoot
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<quantity box="[207,387,3583,3622]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8—10 mm</quantity>
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, forearm
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<quantity box="[576,780,3583,3622]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="44.0" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="40.0">40-48 mm</quantity>
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; weight
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<quantity box="[940,1068,3583,3622]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" unit="g" value="9.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.0">7—11 g</quantity>
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. Dorsal pelage is rich brown with a russet tinge (hairs light yellow basally with medium brown tips); ventral pelage is slightly paler. Ears are small. Noseleaf has a short lancet, with an almost rudimentary tip in some cases; connecting process is rounded, as in the Indian Rufous Horseshoe
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1758,1822,3745,3784]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Bat</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis box="[226,394,3797,3836]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1835" box="[226,382,3797,3836]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rouxii">R.rouxii</taxonomicName>
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)
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</emphasis>
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; sella is
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<emphasis box="[557,710,3797,3836]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">virtually</emphasis>
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parallel-sided with a broadly rounded-off tip; horseshoe is moderately wide (7-2-8-
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<quantity box="[671,787,3847,3886]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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) but does not cover the muzzle
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<emphasis box="[1419,1627,3847,3886]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">completely</emphasis>
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, and welldeveloped lateral leaflets are usually present. Lower lip has three mental grooves. Baculum is lightly built with double curvature, making an elongated S-shape; basal cone is dorso-ventrally flattened and smaller than in the Indian Rufous Horseshoe Bat; basal emargination is deeper ventrally than dorsally; shaft is laterally compressed, and its proximal ventral constriction is adjacent to the basal cone. Skull is
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<emphasis box="[1520,1690,4114,4153]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">relatively</emphasis>
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robust (zygomatic width is much greater than mastoid width); anterior median swellings are small; posterior swellings are more developed than the anterior ones; rostral profile is clearly sloped rearward; sagittal crest is moderately high; frontal depression is shallow to moderately deep; supraorbital crests are obliterated or well demarcated. C1 is moderately long; P2 is small and partially to completely extruded from the tooth row; C1 and P4 are touching or separated, depending on how extruded P2 is; P3 is small and completely extruded from the tooth row; P2 and P are touching or nearly so.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[205,1822,3481,4629]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[205,359,4537,4576]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Often associated with limestone areas, and has been recorded in dry forests and disturbed areas. Reported at elevations of
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<quantity box="[1083,1314,4590,4629]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="326" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="400.0">400-1100 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1915,3546,354,978]" box="[1918,2594,355,394]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1918,2100,355,394]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Food and</emphasis>
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Feeding. No information.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1915,3546,354,978]" box="[1918,3539,405,444]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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Breeding. Pregnant females have been recorded in late March and April, in
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<collectingCountry box="[3363,3533,405,444]" name="Vietnam" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1915,3546,354,978]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1916,2060,456,495]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Activity</emphasis>
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patterns. Thomas’s Horseshoe Bat roosts in caves. Call shape is FM/CF/FM with peak F reported at 76-77 kHz in males and 83-85-5 kHz in females, in
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<collectingCountry box="[3386,3478,512,551]" name="Laos" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Laos</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1915,3546,354,978]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1918,2874,563,602]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Thomas’s Horseshoe Bats roost in colonies.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1915,3546,354,978]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1918,2116,669,708]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Status and</emphasis>
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Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on
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<emphasis box="[3007,3347,669,708]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">The IUCNed List.</emphasis>
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Thomas’s Horseshoe
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2138,2203,723,762]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Bat</emphasis>
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is widespread and does not seem to be facing any major threats, although it may be locally threatened by roost disturbance. Cave destruction in some regions has
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<emphasis box="[2144,2334,832,871]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">negatively</emphasis>
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affected this species, causing local population declines.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="326" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[1915,3546,354,978]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1918,2126,889,916]" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Bates, Bumrungsri & Csorba (2008f), Bates,
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<emphasis box="[2785,2830,889,916]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Thi</emphasis>
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Mar-Mar eta/. (2004), Csorba eta/. (2003), ran cis (2008a),
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<emphasis box="[2099,2216,943,970]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">Kruskop</emphasis>
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(2013a), Smith &
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<emphasis box="[2473,2583,943,970]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">XieYan</emphasis>
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(2008), Stoffberg eta/. (2010), Zhang Lin
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<emphasis box="[3199,3269,943,970]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="326">et al.</emphasis>
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(2018).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |