213 lines
17 KiB
XML
213 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3748525" approvalRequired="1" checkinTime="1586358796837" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Burgin, Connor" docDate="2019" docId="885887A2FFDB8A3DFF5CF645F772DBFB" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Rhinolophidae.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Rhinolophus hilli Aellen 1973" docType="treatment" docVersion="21" lastPageNumber="299" masterDocId="7461FFDAFFCF8A29FFCCFFA1FF85D963" masterDocTitle="Rhinolophidae" masterLastPageNumber="332" masterPageNumber="280" pageNumber="299" updateTime="1658949228820" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Rhinolophidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burgin, Connor</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mittermeier, Russell A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>280</mods:start>
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<mods:end>332</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3748525</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3808942" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163549977" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3808942" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFDB8A3DFF5CF645F772DBFB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/885887A2FFDB8A3DFF5CF645F772DBFB" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<subSubSection box="[144,831,2532,2593]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[142,1338,2531,2641]" box="[144,831,2532,2593]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<figureCitation box="[144,216,2532,2593]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="14.[164,207,4337,4364]" captionTargetBox="[105,3488,151,4690]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="On following pages: 27. African Forest Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus silvestris); 28. Upland Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus hillorum); 29. Sakeji Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus sakejiensis); 30. Bokhara Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus bocharicus); 31. Greater Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum); 32. Geoffrey's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus clivosus); 33. Greater Japanese Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus nippon); 34. Horacek's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus horaceki); 35. Maclaud's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus maclaudi); 36. Ziama Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus ziama); 37. Hill's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus hilli); 38. Kahuzi Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus kahuzi); 39. Willard's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus willardi); 40. Ruwenzori Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus ruwenzorii); 41. Chinese Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus xinanzhongguoensis); 42. Big-eared Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus macrotis); 43. Osgood's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus osgoodi); 44. Allen's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus episcopus); 45. Thai Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus siamensis); 46, Schnitzler's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus schnitzten); M. King Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus rex); 48. Marshall’s Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus marshalli)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3748529/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">37</figureCitation>
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. Hill’s Horseshoe Bat
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[895,1338,2532,2593]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[142,1338,2531,2641]" box="[895,1338,2532,2593]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Aellen" authorityYear="1973" box="[895,1338,2532,2593]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hilli">
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<emphasis box="[895,1338,2532,2593]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Rhinolophus hilli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[143,1293,2610,2637]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[142,1338,2531,2641]" box="[143,1293,2610,2637]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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French: Rhinolophe de
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<emphasis box="[466,506,2610,2637]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Hill</emphasis>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[533,658,2610,2637]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">German:</emphasis>
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Hill-Hufeisennase / Spanish: Herradura de
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<emphasis box="[1253,1293,2610,2637]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Hill</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[973,1769,2708,2747]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[973,1775,2708,3280]" box="[973,1769,2708,2747]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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Taxonomy.
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<taxonomicName authority="Aellen, 1973" authorityName="Aellen" authorityYear="1973" box="[1203,1762,2708,2747]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hilli">
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<emphasis box="[1203,1507,2708,2747]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Rhinolophus hilli</emphasis>
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Aellen, 1973
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[973,1775,2708,3280]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864669315" country="Rwanda" elevation="2300" location="Uwinka, Prefecture]. Cyangugu" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
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“
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFDB8A3DFF5CF645F772DBFB:052E606FFFDB8A3DFC13F56BF9D8D392" box="[991,1629,2762,2802]" country="Rwanda" name="Uwinka, Prefecture]. Cyangugu" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Uwinka, Prefecture]. Cyangugu</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Rwanda" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
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, alt.
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<quantity box="[1113,1259,2815,2854]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="m" value="2300.0">
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<elevation box="[1113,1259,2815,2854]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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</materialsCitation>
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.”
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[973,1775,2708,3280]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Aellen" authorityYear="1973" box="[975,1272,2869,2908]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hilli">
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<emphasis box="[975,1272,2869,2908]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Rhinolophus hilli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pousargues" authorityYear="1897" box="[1471,1627,2869,2908]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maclaudi">
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<emphasis box="[1471,1627,2869,2908]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">maclaudi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group and was considered a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pousargues" authorityYear="1897" box="[975,1186,2975,3014]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maclaudi">
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<emphasis box="[975,1186,2975,3014]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">R maclaudi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis box="[1281,1770,2975,3015]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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subsequently
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hill" authorityYear="1942" box="[1534,1764,2975,3015]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruwenzorii">R ruwenzorii</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Recent morphological studies support its recognition as a distinct species.
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<emphasis box="[1562,1762,3082,3121]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Monotypic</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3749980" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3749980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3749980/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" targetBox="[142,942,2711,3272]" targetPageId="20">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[973,1775,2708,3280]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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Distribution. SW
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<collectingCountry box="[1313,1465,3135,3174]" name="Rwanda" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
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in Uwinka and Ruta Bansugera in Nyungwe Forest National Park.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[144,1775,3292,4664]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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Descriptive
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[389,503,3292,3331]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">notes.</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[530,754,3292,3331]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Head—body</emphasis>
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62-
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<quantity box="[837,962,3292,3331]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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, tail 29'
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<quantity box="[1138,1265,3292,3331]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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, ear 28-
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<quantity box="[1444,1568,3292,3331]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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, hindfoot 12-
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<quantity box="[205,325,3347,3386]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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, forearm 54-
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<quantity box="[585,700,3347,3386]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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and 54-
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<quantity box="[870,987,3347,3386]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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; weight 16-
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<quantity box="[1217,1279,3347,3386]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="g" value="5.0">5 g</quantity>
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(all measurements from one specimen
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<emphasis box="[443,573,3401,3440]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">except</emphasis>
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forearm which refers to two). Dorsal and ventral pelage is dark brown. There is no known orange morph. Males lack axillary tufts. Ears are of medium length (
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<emphasis box="[482,503,3505,3544]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">c</emphasis>
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.53%
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<emphasis box="[616,660,3505,3544]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">of</emphasis>
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forearm length), with nine internal folds, and very large antitragus. Noseleaf has subtriangular lancet that is conspicuously taller than sella; connecting process is largely reduced, low, and concave, leaving large depression between sella and lancet; sella is naked, upright, and about parallel to lancet, having concave sides and distinctly broadened and rounded spoon-shaped top; narial lobes at base of sella are
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<emphasis box="[623,704,3773,3812]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">very</emphasis>
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enlarged, forming nearly circular cup; nostrils are bordered by semicircular raised rims that are parallel to inner cup; and horseshoe is of medium width at c.
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<quantity box="[524,668,3879,3918]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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, covers muzzle, has lateral leaflets, and has conspicuous median emargination. Lower lip has conspicuous medial groove and two indistinct lateral grooves.
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<emphasis box="[447,567,3986,4025]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Wings</emphasis>
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and uropatagium are dark gray. Skull is large and slender, with weak zygomatic arches (zygomatic width is slightly less than mastoid width); nasal swellings are high domed, with roughly circular chambers when viewed dorsally; frontal depression is very deep; sagittal crest is moderately developed anteriorly and
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<emphasis box="[144,275,4197,4236]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">weakly</emphasis>
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developed posteriorly; and interpterygoid groove is
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<emphasis box="[1286,1367,4197,4236]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">very</emphasis>
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deep. P2 is small and completely displaced labially; C1 and P4 nearly touch; P3 is small and slightly to completely displaced labially; and P2 and P4 do
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<emphasis box="[980,1047,4305,4344]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">not</emphasis>
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touch.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[144,1775,3292,4664]" box="[145,1445,4356,4395]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[145,299,4356,4395]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Montane tropical moist forest at elevations of
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<quantity box="[1187,1439,4356,4395]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.131" metricValueMax="2.5119999999999996" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="m" value="2131.0" valueMax="2512.0" valueMin="1750.0">1750-2512 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[144,1775,3292,4664]" box="[145,824,4412,4451]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[145,503,4412,4451]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[144,1775,3292,4664]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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Breeding.
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<typeStatus box="[350,525,4465,4504]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<emphasis box="[542,585,4465,4504]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">of</emphasis>
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Hill’s Horseshoe Bat was a
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<emphasis box="[1126,1302,4465,4504]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">pregnant</emphasis>
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female collected in late August.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[144,1775,3292,4664]" box="[144,1266,4571,4610]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[144,466,4571,4610]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Hill’s Horseshoe Bats likely roost in caves.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[144,1775,3292,4664]" box="[146,1415,4625,4664]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[146,1092,4625,4664]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[1868,3500,363,667]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1868,2354,364,403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Critically Endangered on
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<emphasis box="[3141,3496,364,403]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">The IUCN ed List.</emphasis>
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Hill’s Horseshoe Bat is known from only two specimens collected in a region seriously affected by civil war. It is probably threatened by general habitat loss, roost destruction, and possibly use as bushmeat. It is found in Nyungwe Forest National Park.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="299" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[1868,3500,363,667]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1869,2076,582,609]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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ACR (2018), Csorba et al. (2003), Fahr (2010, 2013e), ahr et al. (2002), Kerbis Peterhans et al. (2013), Smith & Hood (1980).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |