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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.481.8545" ID-GBIF-Dataset="15c0a726-6312-4daf-b534-2d06dc500c23" ID-PMC="PMC4319100" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-481-39" ID-PubMed="25685031" ID-ZBK="0CC2140DE73F4DDC9D49186CE94CE82A" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-481-39" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 481" ModsDocTitle="A review of Solenysa spiders from Japan (Araneae, Linyphiidae), with a comment on the type species S.mellotteei Simon, 1894" checkinTime="1451244680612" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Fang, Ono, Hirotsugu &amp; Tu, Lihong" docDate="2015" docId="EDD9E30AAF07B2F13406290193438482" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 481: 39-56" docOrigin="ZooKeys 481" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.481.8545" docTitle="Solenysa mellotteei Tu &amp; Hormiga 2011" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFFAFF8AFF98FFF06C71C864FFED4332" masterDocTitle="A review of Solenysa spiders from Japan (Araneae, Linyphiidae), with a comment on the type species S. mellotteei Simon, 1894" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1668160008413" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A review of Solenysa spiders from Japan (Araneae, Linyphiidae), with a comment on the type species S. mellotteei Simon, 1894</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Fang</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ono, Hirotsugu</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tu, Lihong</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>481</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>39</mods:start>
<mods:end>56</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.481.8545</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.481.8545</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-481-39</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">0CC2140DE73F4DDC9D49186CE94CE82A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152058202" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EDD9E30AAF07B2F13406290193438482" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EDD9E30AAF07B2F13406290193438482" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Linyphiidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName authority="Tu &amp; Hormiga, 2011" authorityName="Tu &amp; Hormiga" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infrank="group" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa mellotteei" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="infrank" species="mellotteei">Solenysa mellotteei group Tu &amp; Hormiga, 2011</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="composition">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Composition.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
Six species:
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa mellotteei" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mellotteei">Solenysa mellotteei</taxonomicName>
Simon, 1894,
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa macrodonta" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrodonta">Solenysa macrodonta</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa ogatai" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ogatai">Solenysa ogatai</taxonomicName>
Ono, 2011,
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa partibilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partibilis">Solenysa partibilis</taxonomicName>
Tu, Ono &amp; Li, 2007,
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa reflexilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reflexilis">Solenysa reflexilis</taxonomicName>
Tu, Ono &amp; Li, 2007 and
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa trunciformis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trunciformis">Solenysa trunciformis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
Males of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa mellotteei" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mellotteei">Solenysa mellotteei</taxonomicName>
group are distinguished from all other three groups by the spiral plate-shaped embolus (Fig. 3E), the hook-shaped cymbial probasal process and by the half rounded
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Solenysa</taxonomicName>
tegular triangle (Fig. 2A). Females are characterized by the dorsoventrally folded solenoid (Figs 4C, 5C), the spherical spermathecae and the pocket shaped copulatory grooves entering the spermathecae from the outer sides (Fig. 1D).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
Figure 3. Male palpal embolic division. A
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa macrodonta" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrodonta">Solenysa macrodonta</taxonomicName>
sp. n., ventral, arrow indicates central tooth B
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa trunciformis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trunciformis">Solenysa trunciformis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., ventral, arrows indicate central tooth and two anterior protrusions of MTA C
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa ogatai" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ogatai">Solenysa ogatai</taxonomicName>
, ventral D
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa partibilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partibilis">Solenysa partibilis</taxonomicName>
, ventral E
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa ogatai" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ogatai">Solenysa ogatai</taxonomicName>
, anterior F
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa partibilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partibilis">Solenysa partibilis</taxonomicName>
, anterior. ATA anterior terminal apophysis; DSA distal suprategular apophysis; E embolus; LC lamella characteristica; LC1 anterior LC branch; LC2 median LC branch; LC3 posterior LC branch; MTA median terminal apophysis; PTA posterior terminal apophysis; STT
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Solenysa</taxonomicName>
tegular triangle. [Scale bars: mm]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
Figure 4. Epigyne.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa mellotteei" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mellotteei">Solenysa mellotteei</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
),
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa macrodonta" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrodonta">Solenysa macrodonta</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
),
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa reflexilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reflexilis">Solenysa reflexilis</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
). A, C, E ventral, A with epigynal collar removed B, D, F dorsal. CO copulatory opening; DP dorsal plate; EC epigynal collar; FG fertilization groove; VP ventral plate; SL solenoid. [Scale bars: mm]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
Figure 5. Epigyne.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa ogatai" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ogatai">Solenysa ogatai</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
),
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa partibilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partibilis">Solenysa partibilis</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
),
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa trunciformis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trunciformis">Solenysa trunciformis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
). A, C ventral B, D, F, dorsal E lateral, with solenoid artificially loosened. CO copulatory opening; DP dorsal plate; EC epigynal collar; FG fertilization groove; VP ventral plate; SL solenoid. [Scale bars: mm]
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
All
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Solenysa</taxonomicName>
species have quite uniform somatic morphology. Somatic characters as in the genus description (see also
<bibRefCitation author="Tu, L" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="13" pageNumber="52" pagination="87 - 97" title="A review of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae, Linyphiidae)." url="10.1636/H03-26.1" volume="34" year="2006">Tu and Li 2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Tu, L" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="13" pageNumber="52" pagination="484 - 530" title="Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00640.x" volume="161" year="2011">Tu and Hormiga 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
Male palp (Fig. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
). Tibia twice as long as patella, with proximal process furnished by two long bristles. Cymbium with hook-like proximal process and small retrolateral process, forming articulation with proximal arm of U-shaped paracymbium. Tegulum with half rounded
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Solenysa</taxonomicName>
tegular triangle and stout distal suprategular apophysis. Embolic division (Fig. 6): embolus spiral plate shaped with two apophyses, one at outer margin, and one distally (Fig. 3E). Radix embedded within membranous area connecting terminal apophysis and lamella characteristica (Figs 1C, 2B). Terminal apophysis divided into three parts, with median one as enlarged sclerite. Lamella characteristica with three well-developed branches, anterior branch (LC1) stout and extending forward, following embolus trajectory; median one (LC2) long and slender, dragging backwards and pointing forward, bifid in some species (Fig. 3A); posterior one (LC3) sharp and strongly sclerotized, bifid in some species (Fig. 3B).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
Figure 6. Male palpal embolic division, ventral. A
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa mellotteei" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mellotteei">Solenysa mellotteei</taxonomicName>
B
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa macrodonta" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrodonta">Solenysa macrodonta</taxonomicName>
sp. n., arrows indicate central tooth C
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa partibilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partibilis">Solenysa partibilis</taxonomicName>
D
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa ogatai" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ogatai">Solenysa ogatai</taxonomicName>
E
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa reflexilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reflexilis">Solenysa reflexilis</taxonomicName>
, arrows indicate two anterior protrusions F
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa trunciformis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trunciformis">Solenysa trunciformis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., arrows indicate central tooth and two anterior protrusions of MTA. ATA anterior terminal apophysis; E embolus; LC lamella characteristica; LC1 anterior LC branch; LC2 median LC branch; LC3 posterior LC branch; MTA median terminal apophysis; PTA posterior terminal apophysis; STT
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Solenysa</taxonomicName>
tegular triangle. [Scale bars: mm]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
Epigyne (Figs 1D, 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
). Strongly sclerotized box-shaped, having a well-developed epigynal collar at anterior part connecting with solenoid. Solenoid flexible, dorsoventrally folded (Fig. 5C) in non-functional stage, holding epigyne up (Fig. 1E). Spermathecae large spherical. Copulatory openings as a pair of crescent shaped slits hidden on dorsal surface. Copulatory grooves enlarged into half round pocket-shaped, matching to spiral plate-shaped embolus, entering spermathecae outboard. Fertilization grooves convergent, extending forward.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Fig. 7).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
Figure 7. Collecting locations of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Solenysa</taxonomicName>
species from Japan. ●
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa mellotteei" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mellotteei">Solenysa mellotteei</taxonomicName>
□
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa macrodonta" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrodonta">Solenysa macrodonta</taxonomicName>
sp. n. ▲
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa ogatai" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ogatai">Solenysa ogatai</taxonomicName>
△
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa partibilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partibilis">Solenysa partibilis</taxonomicName>
○
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa reflexilis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reflexilis">Solenysa reflexilis</taxonomicName>
■
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa trunciformis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trunciformis">Solenysa trunciformis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. ★ type locality of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Solenysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenysa mellotteei" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mellotteei">Solenysa mellotteei</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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