231 lines
20 KiB
XML
231 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02595a40-6c7d-4a04-b25b-b2ab87aabd17" ID-PMC="PMC3174442" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-4-5" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953" ID-PubMed="22171179" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576078" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1314-2003-4-5" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 4" ModsDocTitle="New pteridophyte species and combinations from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia" checkinTime="1555332289038" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lorence, David H., Wagner, Warren L., Wood, Kenneth R. & Smith, Alan R." docDate="2011" docId="246EE202436551FFF3857C97881337E0" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 4: 5-51" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602" docTitle="Cyclosorus ((Pneumatopteris)) florencei A. R. Sm. & Lorence 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953" masterDocTitle="New pteridophyte species and combinations from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="5" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1668141299027" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New pteridophyte species and combinations from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lorence, David H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wood, Kenneth R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>5</mods:start>
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<mods:end>51</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-4-5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576078</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201694" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:246EE202436551FFF3857C97881337E0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/246EE202436551FFF3857C97881337E0" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">
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10.
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<taxonomicName LSID="C39DB808-280B-53EE-BB95-40F5D6A36B65" authority="A. R. Sm. & Lorence" authorityName="A. R. Sm. & Lorence" authorityYear="2011" class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyclosorus florencei" order="Polypodiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="florencei" status="sp. nov." subGenus="(Pneumatopteris)">Cyclosorus (Pneumatopteris) florencei A. R. Sm. & Lorence</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="19" pageNumber="24">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Cyclosorus florencei A. R. Sm. & Lorence Holotype collection with frond and part of rhizome, Florence et al. 9598 (BISH). Inset shows detail lower surface of fertile pinna with sori." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9908" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="24" type="latin">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Latin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">A C. glandulifero (Brack.) Copel. absentibus falcatis, acicularibus pilis adaxialliter supra axiales costas et presentibus reductarum proximalium pinnarum paribus non tan numerosis (ca. 10 pro ca. 20), absentibus pilis supra sporangiales stipites et et receptacula differt.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="24" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Marquesas Islands:</emphasis>
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Hiva Oa: Atuona, trail to Hanamenu,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.8">9°48'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="139" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-139.06667">139°04'W</geoCoordinate>
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, wet forest, 29 Jul 1988,J. Florence (with D. Lorence, S. Perlman) 9598 (holotype BISH!; isotypes P, PAP, neither seen).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Terrestrial ferns</emphasis>
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;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">rhizomes</emphasis>
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creeping, to 10 mm in diameter;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">fronds</emphasis>
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spaced, base of stipes sparsely scaly, scales brown, lanceolate; stipes to ca. 70 cm long below first large pinnae, distal part of stipes to 9 mm in diameter at base, bearing ca. 10 pairs of greatly reduced pinnae 2.5-4 cm apart, these 1-10 mm long; proximal large pinnae narrowed at their bases; blades subcoriaceous, excluding reduced, glanduliform proximal pinnae, to ca. 60 cm long, gradually reduced distally to a pinnatifid apex; rachises tan to stramineous, glabrous; large developed pinnae to ca. 30 lateral pairs, to ca. 12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.7 cm, at their bases each with a swollen, conical aerophore to ca. 0.5 mm long, pinnae bases not auricled, apices caudate-acuminate, lobed 2/5-1/2 toward the costae (3-4 mm from costae), lobes oblique and slightly falcate, subacute to rounded at tip; costules ca. 4 mm apart; veins to ca. 8-9 pairs per segment, prominent (especially abaxially) on both sides of laminae, the basal pair from adjacent segments generally obtusely united and producing an excurrent vein 2.5-3 mm long to the sinus, the next 1-1 1/2 pairs merging with this excurrent vein or running to a cartilaginous, raised, sinus membrane; abaxial surface of rachis, costae, costules, and veins nearly lacking hairs or with scattered, minute hairs less than 0.1 mm, costae bearing adpressed to slightly spreading, tan, amorphous (cell walls not readily discernible at 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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) scales to 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.2 mm; yellowish sessile glands absent on both laminar surfaces, pustules also lacking; hairs absent adaxially on costae, costules, and veins.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Sori</emphasis>
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medial to supramedial; indusia absent; sporangia bearing yellowish capsular glands ca. 0.1 mm, lacking acicular hairs on sporangia and from receptacles.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9908" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Figure 12.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Sm. & Lorence" authorityYear="2011" class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="florencei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Cyclosorus florencei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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A. R. Sm. & Lorence Holotype collection with frond and part of rhizome, Florence et al. 9598 (BISH). Inset shows detail lower surface of fertile pinna with sori.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Hiva Oa, Marquesas Islands, known only from the type collection made along the trail from Atuona to Hanamenu.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="24" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">
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Occurs in montane wet forest with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="J. R. Forster & G. Forster" authorityYear="1775" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Crossostylis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Crossostylis biflora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Freycinetia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pandanales" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Freycinetia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="collina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Metrosideros collina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Forest Brown" authorityYear="1935" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" genus="Weinmannia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Oxalidales" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="marquesana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Weinmannia marquesana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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var.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">marquesana</emphasis>
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and other species characteristic of this habitat.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">We take pleasure in naming this new species for Jacques Florence (1951-) who has done so much to advance our knowledge of the flora of the Marquesas Islands and that of French Polynesia in general.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="24" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">
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Proposed IUCN Red List Category
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Critically Endangered</emphasis>
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(CR); B2a, B2b
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<normalizedToken originalValue="i–iii">i-iii</normalizedToken>
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; D): B1, extent of occurrence estimated to be less than 100 km2; B2, area of occupancy estimated to be less than 10 km2 (ca. 9 km2), and B2a, a single population known; b (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="i–iii">i-iii</normalizedToken>
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), habitat continuing decline inferred; D, population estimated to number fewer than 250 mature individuals. The suitable habitat for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Sm. & Lorence" authorityYear="2011" class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="florencei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Cyclosorus florencei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on Hiva Oa (ca. 315 km2) is indicated as an endangered environment, threatened by human activity (deforestation and fire), feral animals, and invasive plants, reducing the extent of the forest; and D, the rarity of this species is supported by the lack of collections and the small extant area within a commonly collected island, i.e. with a single collection.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">
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This new species is perhaps most closely related to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Copel" authorityYear="1947" baseAuthorityName="Brack." class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="glanduliferus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Cyclosorus glanduliferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Brack.) Copel., from Rarotonga (Cook Islands), Samoa, Solomon Islands, and New Hebrides, and to
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="24" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="stokesii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="24">Cyclosorus stokesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(E. D. Br.) Ching, known only from Rapa Iti in the Austral Islands (
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<bibRefCitation author="Holttum, RE" journalOrPublisher="Allertonia" pageId="23" pageNumber="28" pagination="169 - 234" refId="B22" refString="Holttum, RE, 1977. The family Thelypteridaceae in the Pacific and Australasia. Allertonia 1: 169 - 234" title="The family Thelypteridaceae in the Pacific and Australasia." volume="1" year="1977">Holttum 1977</bibRefCitation>
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). The three species are similar in rhizome habit, blad
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="25" start="start">e</pageBreakToken>
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dissection, and blade size. However,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Copel" authorityYear="1947" baseAuthorityName="Brack." class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="glanduliferus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus glanduliferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="stokesii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus stokesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having more numerous glanduliform pinnae along the stipes (to about 20 pairs), longer aerophores at bases of costae, presence of small aerophores at costule bases, fewer and shorter costal scales, presence of numerous acicular, falcate hairs on the costae adaxially, and hairs borne on the sporangial stalks and receptacles. From
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="stokesii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus stokesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Sm. & Lorence" authorityYear="2011" class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="florencei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus florencei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs in having less scaly stipe bases (scales numerous and ovate in
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="stokesii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus stokesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), fewer pairs of glanduliform proximal pinnae (to 20 pairs of glanduliform pinnae in
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="stokesii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus stokesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), lacking aerophores at bases of costules, more numerous, longer costal scales, 4-5 pairs of veins uniting below sinus or connivent at the sinuses, and lacking hairs from the sporangial stalks. Spore differences mentioned by
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<bibRefCitation author="Holttum, RE" journalOrPublisher="Allertonia" pageId="23" pageNumber="28" pagination="169 - 234" refId="B22" refString="Holttum, RE, 1977. The family Thelypteridaceae in the Pacific and Australasia. Allertonia 1: 169 - 234" title="The family Thelypteridaceae in the Pacific and Australasia." volume="1" year="1977">Holttum (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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between
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Copel" authorityYear="1947" baseAuthorityName="Brack." class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="glanduliferus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus glanduliferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="stokesii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus stokesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cannot be evaluated for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Sm. & Lorence" authorityYear="2011" class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="florencei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus florencei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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because the sporangia in the type of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Sm. & Lorence" authorityYear="2011" class="Filicopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="florencei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Cyclosorus florencei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are immature. The label with the type indicates the presence of small pustules abaxially, but we fail to see any pustules of the kind often found in species of subg.
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pneumatopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Pneumatopteris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; we do see numerous, slightly more reflective stomates (guard cells) at 30 times magnification. Until now no species of subg.
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pneumatopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">Pneumatopteris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded from the Marquesas Islands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="25">
|
||
The following
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="25">new combination</emphasis>
|
||
in Thelypteridaceae is also required.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |