601 lines
82 KiB
XML
601 lines
82 KiB
XML
<document id="60D82EA38BC6D2C39D19C2EB80C37036" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5303133" ID-ISSN="0374-1036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5303133" ID-ZooBank="8CDA7151-FBCD-484B-AF8D-C31EB76E9C67" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630103901813" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Minoshima, Yûsuke N. & Hayashi, Masakazu" docDate="2015" docId="1237F952FFE126326B1EFA61FEABFAB0" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2015.55.1.47-83.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 55 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF.10:ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp 1873" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="EE0E812AFFE4263C6A6AFFFFFFC6FFA1" masterDocTitle="Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1699153287842" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="FF539F10CCD19C04074765AC23C1D684" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="32623D86B5A8671033214248722E5604">
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<mods:title id="4DC4097F1533AE74B24AC64E845400F9">Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1545A146EF077F4C0AB0AB65C2F71363" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="733BED2EE9D4307379551F4E9AD3696F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="92C948C6F641D551105CE5EA4271EDD6">Minoshima, Yûsuke N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="984FEEF8164D3AD75CE9394214FC05D1">Natural History Division, Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History, Higashida 2 - 4 - 1, Yahatahigashi-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 805 - 0071 Japan; e-mail: minoshima @ kmnh. jp</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="27A9A42A59C2A722A99C9D60D1F81180">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="15174F761A800FC6B6E311462F5F84FB">Hayashi, Masakazu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="67B2E35B95CE97E3AE045F030A509838">Hoshizaki Green Foundation, Okinoshima 1659 - 5, Sono-chô, Izumo-shi, Shimane Pref., 691 - 0076 Japan; e-mail: hgf-haya @ green-f. or. jp</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B3676F823D7B742FA54E473BABABE467">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E081BAF1E04159058CDE78DB968EEADF">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="EA488B2E31A57A2F3C5E824B97F87B7D">
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<mods:date id="B8C7F431B4A5D1815D1A95D99EB14DF5">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8514A8AB3AAFCDAB362ED10813F81608">2015-06-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="15504BAC4DE6882CF9DD6F52B6275A6E">55</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5D0E8AFEBC69643CA0D3079909644BF7">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F8DCF9F8180ACCAAA2AC52D83586F1EF">47</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="E842E5362D29262CA9EF8B2B94776AA0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AEF06025CC0794A90CBD51DD370B58DB" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5303133</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1182BFEF3C712DEB78F5DABADCA6985D" type="ISSN">0374-1036</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="1237F952FFE126326B1EFA61FEABFAB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1237F952FFE126326B1EFA61FEABFAB0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1237F952FFE126326B1EFA61FEABFAB0" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection id="D2841BCFFFE126396B1EFA61FD05FA6E" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9A214844FFE126396B1EFA61FCF8FA14" blockId="5.[372,830,1438,1461]" box="[372,830,1438,1461]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<heading id="C169FF28FFE126396B1EFA61FCF8FA14" bold="true" box="[372,830,1438,1461]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFE126396B1EFA61FCF8FA14" ID-CoL="LLYZ" authority="Sharp, 1873" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1873" box="[372,830,1438,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" subGenus="Berosus">
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE126396B1EFA61FCF8FA14" bold="true" box="[372,830,1438,1461]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE126396B1EFA61FE0BFA14" bold="true" box="[372,461,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Berosus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE126396BB6FA61FDF3FA14" bold="true" box="[476,565,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Berosus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE12639682FFA61FD76FA14" bold="true" box="[581,688,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">japonicus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFE1263968DCFA61FCF8FA14" author="SHARP D." box="[694,830,1438,1461]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" pagination="45 - 67" refId="ref17655" refString="SHARP D. 1873: The water beetles of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1873: 45 - 67." type="journal article" year="1873">Sharp, 1873</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A214844FFE126396B85FA43FD05FA6E" blockId="5.[495,707,1468,1487]" box="[495,707,1468,1487]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">(Figs 1–7, 17A–B, 18A)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D2841BCFFFE1263A6A1BFA19FCF5FE85" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="9A214844FFE126396A1BFA19FB87F98F" blockId="5.[113,1089,1510,1582]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE126396A1BFA19FEE4FA58" bold="true" box="[113,290,1510,1529]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="2AF64219FFE126396B4FFA19FF6FF98F" collectingDate="2008-02-29" collectingDateMax="2008-03-17" collectingDateMin="2008-02-29" collectionCode="HGF" collectorName="M. Hayashi" country="Japan" location="Shimane Prefecture" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shimane">
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE126396B4FFA19FDB8FA58" bold="true" box="[293,638,1510,1529]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE126396B4FFA19FEABFA58" box="[293,365,1510,1529]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
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: HONSHÛ:
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<collectingRegion id="585A86A6FFE126396BAFFA19FDBCFA58" box="[453,634,1510,1529]" country="Japan" name="Shimane" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Shimane Prefecture</collectingRegion>
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:
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</emphasis>
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6 L1 (
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<collectionCode id="FC8FD081FFE1263968D8FA19FD18FA58" box="[690,734,1510,1529]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">HGF</collectionCode>
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, KMNH), Okinoshima, Sono-chô, Izumo- -shi, paddy field,
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<date id="EE206E84FFE126396B6DF9FEFE9BF9B5" box="[263,349,1537,1556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" value="2008-02-29">
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<collectingDate id="FE64976CFFE126396B6DF9FEFE9BF9B5" box="[263,349,1537,1556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" value="2008-02-29">29.ii.2008</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(rearing adults collected in the field),
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<date id="EE206E84FFE1263968CFF9FEFCC7F9B5" box="[677,769,1537,1556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" value="2008-03-17">
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<collectingDate id="FE64976CFFE1263968CFF9FEFCC7F9B5" box="[677,769,1537,1556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" value="2008-03-17">17.iii.2008</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(date of fixation),
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<collectorName id="376B2D92FFE1263969C8F9FEFBC3F9B5" box="[930,1029,1537,1556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">M. Hayashi</collectorName>
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leg. & reared
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="2AF64219FFE126396ADBF9E4FBFBF98F" box="[177,1085,1563,1582]" collectingDate="2008-05-20" collectionCode="KMNH" country="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" specimenCount="1">
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5 L1(
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<collectionCode id="FC8FD081FFE126396AB6F9E4FEE5F98F" box="[220,291,1563,1582]" country="Japan" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13440" name="Kitakyushu Museum and Institute of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="Herbarium">KMNH</collectionCode>
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), Okinoshima, Sono-chô, Izumo-shi, paddy field,
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<date id="EE206E84FFE1263968BAF9E4FCE5F98F" box="[720,803,1563,1582]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" value="2008-05-20">
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<collectingDate id="FE64976CFFE1263968BAF9E4FCE5F98F" box="[720,803,1563,1582]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" value="2008-05-20">20.v.2008</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(egg-cases collected in the field)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A214844FFE2263A6AFDFF23FCF5FE85" blockId="6.[151,1127,220,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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<date id="EE206E84FFE2263A6AFDFF23FF2DFF4E" box="[151,235,220,239]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" value="2008-05-26">26.v.2008</date>
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(date of fixation), M. Hayashi leg.;
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<materialsCitation id="2AF64219FFE2263A687CFF23FE41FEAB" collectingDate="2008-06-22" collectionCode="HGF" collectorName="M. Hayashi" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1">
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20 L3 (
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<collectionCode id="FC8FD081FFE2263A683BFF23FDBBFF4E" box="[593,637,220,239]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">HGF</collectionCode>
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||
, KMNH), Okinoshima, Sono-chô, Izumo-shi, paddy field,
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<date id="EE206E84FFE2263A6AFDFF08FF32FEAB" box="[151,244,247,266]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" value="2008-06-22">
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<collectingDate id="FE64976CFFE2263A6AFDFF08FF32FEAB" box="[151,244,247,266]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" value="2008-06-22">22.vi.2008</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="376B2D92FFE2263A6A97FF08FEA6FEAB" box="[253,352,247,266]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">M. Hayashi</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="2AF64219FFE2263A6BE5FF08FCF5FE85" collectingDate="2009-05-22" collectingDateMax="2009-05-31" collectingDateMin="2009-05-22" collectionCode="HGF" collectorName="M. Hayashi" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1">
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6 L1, 5 L2 (
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<collectionCode id="FC8FD081FFE2263A6B99FF08FDD9FEAB" box="[499,543,247,266]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">HGF</collectionCode>
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, KMNH), Okinoshima, Sono-chô, Izumo-shi, paddy field,
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<date id="EE206E84FFE2263A6E78FF08FBA1FEAB" box="[1042,1127,247,266]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" value="2009-05-22">
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<collectingDate id="FE64976CFFE2263A6E78FF08FBA1FEAB" box="[1042,1127,247,266]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" value="2009-05-22">22.v.2009</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(egg-cases collected in the field),
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<date id="EE206E84FFE2263A6BDCFEEEFDCCFE85" box="[438,522,273,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" value="2009-05-31">
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<collectingDate id="FE64976CFFE2263A6BDCFEEEFDCCFE85" box="[438,522,273,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" value="2009-05-31">31.v.2009</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(date of fixation),
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<collectorName id="376B2D92FFE2263A68C3FEEEFCCBFE85" box="[681,781,273,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">M. Hayashi</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D2841BCFFFE226326AFDFEC2FC75FBA3" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9A214844FFE2263A6AFDFEC2FDDAFE35" blockId="6.[151,1127,317,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE2263A6AFDFEC2FD7AFEF5" bold="true" box="[151,700,317,340]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Description. General morphology. Third instar</emphasis>
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(Figs 1, 5–7).
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE2263A690DFEC2FC58FEF5" box="[871,926,317,340]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Body</emphasis>
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moderately thick, widest between second and third abdominal segments.
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE2263A6880FEA2FCF0FED5" box="[746,822,349,372]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Colour</emphasis>
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light brown to light greyish brown, with sclerotised parts darker.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A214844FFE2263A6ADFFE62FE8CFDD5" blockId="6.[151,1127,317,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE2263A6ADFFE62FF36FE15" bold="true" box="[181,240,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE2263A6B6AFE62FE91FE15" box="[256,343,413,436]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,144,1333,1352]" captionTargetBox="[163,1044,222,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[150,1053,214,1318]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, dorsal; A – head capsule; B – anterior margin of head capsule; C – detail of setae of gFR2; D – spiracular atrium; E – spiracle in spiracular atrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303143/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
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). Head capsule subquadrate; cervical sclerites small. Frontal lines visible only basally; coronal line absent. Surface of head capsule smooth. Six stemmata on each anterolateral corner of head capsule. Clypeolabrum (
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<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE2263A68AFFE22FCD0FE55" box="[709,790,477,500]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,144,1333,1352]" captionTargetBox="[163,1044,222,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[150,1053,214,1318]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, dorsal; A – head capsule; B – anterior margin of head capsule; C – detail of setae of gFR2; D – spiracular atrium; E – spiracle in spiracular atrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303143/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
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) strongly asymmetrical. Nasale with median projection bearing ca. five small teeth. Lateral lobes of epistome present on left side but absent on right side; left lobe very strongly projecting anteriorly, lateral margin of left lobe partially membranous; anterior margin of right epistome almost straight or very weakly rounded.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A214844FFE2263A6ADFFD82FD56FD55" blockId="6.[151,1127,317,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE2263A6ADFFD82FEC9FD35" box="[181,271,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Antenna</emphasis>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE2263A6B4BFD82FE5AFD35" box="[289,412,637,660]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[151,182,1034,1053]" captionTargetBox="[151,1121,222,1106]" captionTargetId="figure-192@12.[151,1126,208,1110]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303145/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Figs 6A–B</figureCitation>
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) 3-segmented, short, rather slender. Antennomere 1 longer than antennomeres 2 and 3 combined, with one subapical membranous projection on inner face. Antennomere 2 narrower than antennomere 1. Antennomere 3 the narrowest and shortest. Sensorium slightly shorter than antennomere 3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A214844FFE2263A6ADFFD02FCE1FC75" blockId="6.[151,1127,317,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE2263A6ADFFD02FEE0FCB5" box="[181,294,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Mandibles</emphasis>
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||
(
|
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<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE2263A6B59FD02FE6EFCB5" box="[307,424,765,788]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[113,144,836,855]" captionTargetBox="[134,1080,234,815]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[113,1088,219,827]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 7. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – mandible, dorsal; C–D – labium, dorsal (C) and ventral (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303147/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Figs 7A–B</figureCitation>
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) strongly asymmetrical; left mandible shorter than right one. Right mandible with three inner teeth on median part; distal one large, with serrated edge; proximal two small, subequal in size. Left mandible with three inner teeth and one strong inner spine posteriorly to inner teeth on dorsal surface; distal tooth large, with a group (usually five) of seta-like projections, apex of projections trifid; median tooth moderately sized, quadrifurcate, with small cuticular projections basally; basal tooth moderately sized, with at least four projections pointed apically, distal one larger than basal ones.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE2263A6ADFFC22FE63FB15" blockId="6.[151,1127,317,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE2263A6ADFFC22FECEFC55" box="[181,264,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Maxilla</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE2263A6B72FC22FE56FC55" box="[280,400,989,1012]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[151,182,1034,1053]" captionTargetBox="[151,1121,222,1106]" captionTargetId="figure-192@12.[151,1126,208,1110]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303145/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Figs 6C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) 6-segmented, longer than antenna. Cardo moderate in size, subtriangular. Stipes the longest and widest, longer than palpomeres 1–4 combined; inner face without spine-like cuticular projections; a small cuticular projection subapically on inner face undetectable. Maxillary palpus 4-segmented, palpomere 1 widest, longer than palpomere 2 and 3, palpomere 3 the longest, palpomere 2 the shortest, palpomere 4 narrowest; palpomere 1 may be completely sclerotised but anterior margin of sclerotised part invisible; inner process sclerotised.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE2263A6ADFFB42FD08FAD5" blockId="6.[151,1127,317,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE2263A6ADFFB42FEC0FB75" box="[181,262,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE2263A6B7FFB42FEABFB75" box="[277,365,1213,1236]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1082,1101]" captionTargetBox="[155,1120,219,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-207@8.[151,1126,207,1072]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 2. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303135/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE2263A6B12FB42FE7FFB75" box="[376,441,1213,1236]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[113,144,836,855]" captionTargetBox="[134,1080,234,815]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[113,1088,219,827]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 7. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – mandible, dorsal; C–D – labium, dorsal (C) and ventral (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303147/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">7C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) small, partly reduced. Submentum (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE2263A6913FB42FC0CFB75" box="[889,970,1213,1236]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1082,1101]" captionTargetBox="[155,1120,219,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-207@8.[151,1126,207,1072]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 2. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303135/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) fused to head capsule, large, subpentagonal, wider than mentum. Mentum transverse, narrow, cylindrically sclerotised, wider than prementum; dorsal surface bare. Prementum subquadrate. Ligula strongly reduced, very short, completely membranous. Labial palpus long, straight, without cuticular projections; palpomere 1 as wide as palpomere 2 and slightly shorter than prementum, palpomere 2 distinctly longer than palpomere 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE2263B6ADFFA82FE7FFEF2" blockId="6.[151,1127,317,1588]" lastBlockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE2263A6ADFFA82FEC0FA35" bold="true" box="[181,262,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 1). Thoracic membrane covered with fine cuticular pubescence. Prothorax wider than head capsule. Proscutum formed by one large plate subdivided by fine sagittal line, anterior part rather weakly sclerotised; whole sclerite bearing densely arranged fine cuticular projections. Prosternal sclerite subpentagonal, large, with long and fine sagittal line. Mesonotum with two sclerites on each side; anterior one small, narrow; posterior one large, subtriangular; one small tubercle behind each posterior mesonotal sclerite; lobe-like lateral projection on each side. Mesonotal spiracles situated anteriorly on dorsolateral face. Metanotal sclerites absent; one pair of membranous tubercles present on median part; lobelike lateral projection on each side. Legs long, slender, visible in dorsal view, 5-segmented; all three pairs similar in shape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFEA3FC77FDB2" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFEA3FF3FFED2" bold="true" box="[144,249,348,371]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 1). Ten segmented, tapering posteriad, covered with fine cuticular projections densely arranged; segments 1 to 6 similar in shape and size, segment 7 smaller than others. Lateral sides of segments 1–7 with one long to very long tracheal gill each; dorsal sclerites on segment 1–7 absent. Segments 1–3 with four small tubercles, two on median part, remaining ones laterally behind spiracles; lateral tubercles smaller than median ones. Segments 4–7 with two small tubercles medially. Segment 7 without tubercle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFDE3FD4EFD32" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFDE3FE8BFD92" box="[144,333,540,563]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Spiracular atrium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B6B30FDE3FE6DFD92" box="[346,427,540,563]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,144,1333,1352]" captionTargetBox="[163,1044,222,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[150,1053,214,1318]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, dorsal; A – head capsule; B – anterior margin of head capsule; C – detail of setae of gFR2; D – spiracular atrium; E – spiracle in spiracular atrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303143/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
) reduced. Segment 8 with oval dorsal plate; segment 9 trilobed, median lobe and each lateral lobe of spiracular atrium very small, hardy visible from dorsal view; procercus, acrocercus, urogomphi and prostyli reduced, undetectable. Ventral surface of spiracular atrium with two bulbous projections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6A1BFD63FBD7FD12" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" box="[113,1041,668,691]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6A1BFD63FED6FD12" bold="true" box="[113,272,668,691]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Second instar.</emphasis>
|
||
Very similar to third instar larva, slightly more slender than third instar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFD43FEBCFD52" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFD43FF14FD72" bold="true" box="[144,210,700,723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFD43FF0DFD72" bold="true" box="[144,203,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Frontal lines clearly visible, nearly straight in median to anterior parts, strongly curved outwards at base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFD03FBC3FC92" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFD03FF2FFCB2" box="[144,233,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
proportionally stouter than in third instar; antennomere 1 proportionally shorter than in third instar, slightly longer than or as long as antennomeres 2 and 3 combined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFCC3FD41FCF2" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" box="[144,647,828,851]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFCC3FF25FCF2" box="[144,227,828,851]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Maxilla</emphasis>
|
||
proportionally stouter than third instar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFCA3FCE1FCD2" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" box="[144,807,860,883]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFCA3FF30FCD2" box="[144,246,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Mandible</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal inner tooth on right smaller than median one.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFC83FD00FC72" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFC83FE43FC32" bold="true" box="[144,389,892,915]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFC83FEB9FC32" bold="true" box="[144,383,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Thorax and abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Arrangements of cuticular projections and pubescence on thorax and abdomen similar to third instar but projections and pubescence finer than in third instar. Lateral tubercles on third abdominal segment indistinct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFC23FC57FBB2" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFC23FED4FC52" bold="true" box="[144,274,988,1011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">First instar</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B6B49FC23FE41FC52" box="[291,391,988,1011]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="8.[151,182,1082,1101]" captionStartId-1="9.[113,144,912,931]" captionStartId-2="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" captionTargetBox-0="[155,1120,219,1057]" captionTargetBox-1="[131,1083,223,861]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1112,221,1469]" captionTargetId-0="figure-207@8.[151,1126,207,1072]" captionTargetId-1="figure-267@9.[113,1088,220,876]" captionTargetId-2="figure-10@10.[151,1126,208,1479]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Fig. 2. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B)." captionText-1="Fig. 3. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, anterior margin of head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) (both drawn from dorsal)." captionText-2="Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303135" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303137" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5303135/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5303137/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Figs 2–4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Similar to second instar larva; weakly sclerotised than second instar. Spiracles on mesothorax and abdominal segments 1–7 undetectable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFBE3FCEDFBF2" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFBE3FF14FB92" bold="true" box="[144,210,1052,1075]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFBE3FF0DFB92" bold="true" box="[144,203,1052,1075]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior margin of right epistome almost straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B6896FBE3FC95FB92" box="[764,851,1052,1075]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[113,144,912,931]" captionTargetBox="[131,1083,223,861]" captionTargetId="figure-267@9.[113,1088,220,876]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 3. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, anterior margin of head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) (both drawn from dorsal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303137/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Basal part of frontal line more weakly curved laterally than in second instar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B68A3FBC3FCD9FBF2" box="[713,799,1084,1107]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1082,1101]" captionTargetBox="[155,1120,219,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-207@8.[151,1126,207,1072]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 2. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303135/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFBA3FDC1FB12" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFBA3FF2FFBD2" box="[144,233,1116,1139]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B6A9CFBA3FEABFBD2" box="[246,365,1116,1139]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" captionTargetBox="[164,1112,221,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@10.[151,1126,208,1479]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Figs 4A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
) proportionally stouter than in second and third instar larvae; antennomere 1 proportionally shorter than in third instar larva, about as long as or slightly shorter than antennomeres 2 and 3 combined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFB43FBD2FB72" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" box="[144,1044,1212,1235]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFB43FF25FB72" box="[144,227,1212,1235]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Maxilla</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B6A9BFB43FEA4FB72" box="[241,354,1212,1235]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" captionTargetBox="[164,1112,221,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@10.[151,1126,208,1479]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Figs 4E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
) proportionally stouter than that of second and third instar larva.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFB23FEB3FAB2" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFB23FEE2FB52" box="[144,292,1244,1267]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Labial palpus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B6B59FB23FE6AFB52" box="[307,428,1244,1267]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" captionTargetBox="[164,1112,221,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@10.[151,1126,208,1479]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Figs 4G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
) proportionally stouter than third instar; palpomere 1 slightly wider than palpomere 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE3263B6AFAFAE3FD17FAD2" blockId="7.[113,1089,220,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFAE3FE43FA92" bold="true" box="[144,389,1308,1331]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6AFAFAE3FEB9FA92" bold="true" box="[144,383,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Thorax and abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Arrangements of cuticular projections and pubescence on thorax and abdomen similar to third instar but projections and pubescence finer than in second instar. Prothorax as wide as or slightly wider than head capsule.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE326346A1BFA74FCCDFA63" blockId="7.[113,1089,1419,1602]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1127,1163,1602]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B6A1BFA74FDFBFA03" bold="true" box="[113,573,1419,1442]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Chaetotaxy of head. Primary chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B6821FA74FD6AFA03" box="[587,684,1419,1442]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="8.[151,182,1082,1101]" captionStartId-1="9.[113,144,912,931]" captionStartId-2="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" captionTargetBox-0="[155,1120,219,1057]" captionTargetBox-1="[131,1083,223,861]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1112,221,1469]" captionTargetId-0="figure-207@8.[151,1126,207,1072]" captionTargetId-1="figure-267@9.[113,1088,220,876]" captionTargetId-2="figure-10@10.[151,1126,208,1479]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Fig. 2. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B)." captionText-1="Fig. 3. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, anterior margin of head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) (both drawn from dorsal)." captionText-2="Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303135" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303137" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5303135/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5303137/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Figs 2–4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE3263B68D5FA74FCDDFA03" box="[703,795,1419,1442]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Frontale</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B6943FA74FC44FA03" box="[809,898,1419,1442]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1082,1101]" captionTargetBox="[155,1120,219,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-207@8.[151,1126,207,1072]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 2. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303135/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE3263B69E7FA74FC77FA03" box="[909,945,1419,1442]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[113,144,912,931]" captionTargetBox="[131,1083,223,861]" captionTargetId="figure-267@9.[113,1088,220,876]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 3. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, anterior margin of head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) (both drawn from dorsal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303137/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rather long seta FR1 on midlength of frontale close to frontal line. Pore-like sensilla FR2 and FR4 and setae FR5–7 posteromesal to antennal socket, close to anterior end of frontal line; FR5 rather long, FR6 very long (homology of FR5 and FR6 unclear), FR7 short; FR2 and FR6–7 forming a triangular group laterally to FR6–7; FR6 close and lateral to FR5; FR7 anterior to remaining sensilla (FR2, FR4–6), close to inner margin of antennal socket. FR9–13 on epistome, situated anteriorly and slightly mesally to antennal socket, forming irregularly longitudinal row; arrangement of FR9–13 slightly asymmetrical; FR10 and FR12 short setae, FR9 long seta, FR11 and FR13 pore-like sensilla; FR12 on right side stouter than left side. FR10 posterior to FR9 and FR11–13, FR9 anterior to FR10, between FR10 and FR13, FR13 between FR9 and FR12; FR11 on anterior margin of epistome, close to FR12; FR12 slightly posterior to FR11. Rather short seta FR3 and long seta FR8 behind nasale, FR3 close and posterior to FR8. Pore-like sensilla FR15 on median part of nasale. Nasale with a group of six equidistant, stout and short setae and with (at least) one pore-like sensillum (gFR1). Left epistomal lobe with a group of about 12 stout setae densely arranged on anterior margin (gFR2), mesal ones strongly bent towards ventrally; gFR2 absent on right side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CEE118CCFFEC26346AFDFBC5FB85FBEC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303135" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5303135" box="[151,1091,1082,1101]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303135/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" startId="8.[151,182,1082,1101]" targetBox="[155,1120,219,1057]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEC26346AFDFBC5FB85FBEC" blockId="8.[151,1091,1082,1101]" box="[151,1091,1082,1101]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Fig. 2. First instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEC26346B16FBC5FD18FBEC" authority="Sharp, 1873" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1873" box="[380,734,1082,1101]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" subGenus="Berosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEC26346B16FBC5FE06FBEC" box="[380,448,1082,1101]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEC26346BA6FBC5FDD6FBEC" box="[460,528,1082,1101]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEC26346877FBC5FDB6FBEC" box="[541,624,1082,1101]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEC2634681FFBC5FD18FBEC" author="SHARP D." box="[629,734,1082,1101]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" pagination="45 - 67" refId="ref17655" refString="SHARP D. 1873: The water beetles of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1873: 45 - 67." type="journal article" year="1873">Sharp, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEC26356ADFFA34FD13F997" blockId="8.[151,1127,1163,1602]" lastBlockId="9.[113,1089,1023,1590]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEC26346ADFFA34FEDFFA43" box="[181,281,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Parietale</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEC26346B41FA34FE6FFA43" box="[299,425,1483,1506]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1082,1101]" captionTargetBox="[155,1120,219,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-207@8.[151,1126,207,1072]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 2. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303135/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Figs 2A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal surface with a group of five sensilla (PA1–5) forming irregularly longitudinal row at midwidth in posterior part of parietale; PA1–2 and 4–5 short setae, PA3 pore-like. PA6 pore-like, located posteromesally, close to posterior end of frontal line, more distant from posterior margin of head than PA1. Pore-like sensilla PA10 between mesal two stemmata. Setae PA7–9 posterior to antennal socket; PA8 long, PA7 and PA9 very long; PA9 close to lateral margin of antennal socket; PA8 posteromesal to PA9, close to frontal line and FR6; PA7 posterior to PA8 and PA9, mesal to PA10, between FR1 and PA10. Rather long seta PA12 and long seta PA13 close to mesal two stemmata of posterior row; PA12 behind mesal-most one, PA13 posterolateral to median one. Setae PA11 and PA
|
||
<quantity id="5D66E5A1FFED263569D0FB80FC2BFB37" box="[954,1005,1151,1174]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
|
||
the line connecting lateral four stemmata, PA11 rather long, PA14 very long; PA11 anteromesal to PA14; PA14 between lateral two stemmata of posterior row, anterolateral to PA13. PA19–22 on anterior corner of head capsule, PA19 pore-like, PA20 long seta, PA21 very long seta, PA22 moderately long seta; PA19 dorsal to PA20–22, close to PA20. PA22 ventral to PA19–21, PA20–21 between PA19 and PA22; PA21 behind PA20; PA22 posterolateral to ventral mandibular articulation. Pore-like sensilla PA23–25 close to ventral mandibular articulation; PA23 lateral to PA24–25; PA24 posterior to PA25. PA15–18 situated lateroventrally in midlength of parietale; PA15 and PA17 pore-like, PA16 very long seta, PA18 long seta; PA16 and PA17 anterior to PA15 and PA18, PA17 close and mesal to PA16, PA15 between PA16 and PA18. Two long to very long setae (PA26 and PA28) and pore-like sensillum PA27 situated ventrally on median part of parietale; PA26 posterolateral to PA27 and PA28, PA27 between PA26 and PA28. Two pore-like sensilla (PA29–30) on posterior part of ventral parietale; PA29 mesal to PA30, posterior to PA26–28; PA30 on posterolateral part.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CEE118CCFFED26356A1BFC6FFE10FC1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303137" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5303137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303137/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" startId="9.[113,144,912,931]" targetBox="[131,1083,223,861]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFED26356A1BFC6FFE10FC1C" blockId="9.[113,1088,912,957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Fig. 3. First instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFED26356B36FC6FFD04FC02" authority="Sharp, 1873" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1873" box="[348,706,912,931]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" subGenus="Berosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFED26356B36FC6FFE66FC02" box="[348,416,912,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFED26356BC7FC6FFE37FC02" box="[429,497,912,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFED26356B94FC6FFD97FC02" box="[510,593,912,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFED26356832FC6FFD04FC02" author="SHARP D." box="[600,706,912,931]" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" pagination="45 - 67" refId="ref17655" refString="SHARP D. 1873: The water beetles of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1873: 45 - 67." type="journal article" year="1873">Sharp, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, anterior margin of head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) (both drawn from dorsal).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="CEE118CCFFEE26366AFDFA13FEBAF994" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5303139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" startId="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" targetBox="[164,1112,221,1469]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEE26366AFDFA13FEBAF994" blockId="10.[151,1127,1516,1589]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Fig. 4. First instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEE26366B17FA13FD26FA5E" authority="Sharp, 1873" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1873" box="[381,736,1516,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" subGenus="Berosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEE26366B17FA13FE07FA5E" box="[381,449,1516,1535]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEE26366BA4FA13FDD4FA5E" box="[462,530,1516,1535]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEE26366874FA13FDB7FA5E" box="[542,625,1516,1535]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEE2636681DFA13FD26FA5E" author="SHARP D." box="[631,736,1516,1535]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" pagination="45 - 67" refId="ref17655" refString="SHARP D. 1873: The water beetles of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1873: 45 - 67." type="journal article" year="1873">Sharp, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="CEE118CCFFEF26376A1BFACAFC0AFAC2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303143" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5303143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303143/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" startId="11.[113,144,1333,1352]" targetBox="[163,1044,222,1307]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEF26376A1BFACAFC0AFAC2" blockId="11.[113,1089,1333,1379]" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Fig. 5. Third instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEF26376B31FACAFD7DFAE9" authority="Sharp, 1873" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1873" box="[347,699,1333,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" subGenus="Berosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEF26376B31FACAFE59FAE9" box="[347,415,1333,1352]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEF26376BC1FACAFE29FAE9" box="[427,495,1333,1352]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEF26376B90FACAFD8BFAE9" box="[506,589,1333,1352]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEF26376838FACAFD7DFAE9" author="SHARP D." box="[594,699,1333,1352]" pageId="11" pageNumber="58" pagination="45 - 67" refId="ref17655" refString="SHARP D. 1873: The water beetles of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1873: 45 - 67." type="journal article" year="1873">Sharp, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, dorsal; A – head capsule; B – anterior margin of head capsule; C – detail of setae of gFR2; D – spiracular atrium; E – spiracle in spiracular atrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEF26306AFAFA60FE0BFA96" blockId="11.[113,1090,1439,1590]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1127,1184,1591]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEF26376AFAFA60FF2FFA17" box="[144,233,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEF26376A9CFA60FEA9FA17" box="[246,367,1439,1462]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" captionTargetBox="[164,1112,221,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@10.[151,1126,208,1479]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="58">Figs 4A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antennomere 1 with five pore-like sensilla (AN1–5); AN1–2 situated dorsally on posterior third, AN1 laterally to AN2, AN3 subapically on lateral face, AN4 on base of inner projection, AN5 ventrally on median portion of anterior margin of sclerite. Antennomere 2 with one pore-like sensillum (AN6) situated dorsally on subapical part of sclerite; minute seta AN7 and sensorium SE1 on lateral face of intersegmental membrane between antennomeres 2 and 3, AN8–9 absent; SE1 slender, about as long as antennomere 3; setae AN10–11 on inner face of intersegmental membrane between antennomeres 2 and 3, AN10 long, AN11 short, both setae close to each other. Antennomere 3 with apical sensilla (gAN) in apical membranous area; gAN with two rather long setae and a few (at least four) short setae of variable shape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CEE118CCFFE826306AFDFBF5FCE3FBBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303145" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5303145" box="[151,805,1034,1053]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303145/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" startId="12.[151,182,1034,1053]" targetBox="[151,1121,222,1106]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE826306AFDFBF5FCE3FBBC" blockId="12.[151,805,1034,1106]" box="[151,805,1034,1053]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Fig. 6. Third instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFE826306BE6FBF5FD35FBBC" authority="Sharp, 1873" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1873" box="[396,755,1034,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" subGenus="Berosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE826306BE6FBF5FE16FBBC" box="[396,464,1034,1053]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE826306BB7FBF5FDE7FBBC" box="[477,545,1034,1053]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE826306845FBF5FD44FBBC" box="[559,642,1034,1053]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFE8263068E2FBF5FD35FBBC" author="SHARP D." box="[648,755,1034,1053]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" pagination="45 - 67" refId="ref17655" refString="SHARP D. 1873: The water beetles of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1873: 45 - 67." type="journal article" year="1873">Sharp, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, head
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE826306ADFFABFFBE8FA56" blockId="12.[151,1127,1184,1591]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE826306ADFFABFFEE0FAF6" box="[181,294,1344,1367]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Mandibles</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE826306B5CFABFFE77FAF6" box="[310,433,1344,1367]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" captionTargetBox="[164,1112,221,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@10.[151,1126,208,1479]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Figs 4C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mandible with two setae (MN1 and MN5) and three pore-like sensilla (MN2–4). Pore-like sensillum
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE826306841FA9FFD91FAD6" box="[555,599,1376,1399]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
6 situated on apical part of incisors area. Very short seta MN1 on midlength of lateral face of mandible. MN2–3 on median part of mandible; MN3 mesal to MN1–2, MN2 posterior to line connecting MN1 and MN3, MN2 on right mandible more distant than left. MN4 and minute seta MN5 on lateral face anteriorly to MN1; MN5 subapical; MN4 at midlength between MN1 and MN5 on left, closer to MN1 on right.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE826316ADFF9FFFBF5F99B" blockId="12.[151,1127,1184,1591]" lastBlockId="13.[113,1089,963,1594]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE826306ADFF9FFFECEF9B6" box="[181,264,1536,1559]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Maxilla</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFE826306B72F9FFFE48F9B6" box="[280,398,1536,1559]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" captionTargetBox="[164,1112,221,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@10.[151,1126,208,1479]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Figs 4E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cardo with one moderately short ventral seta (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE8263069F7F9FFFC16F9B6" box="[925,976,1536,1559]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
1). Stipes with irregular row of five setae (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE826306BD0F9DFFE2FF996" box="[442,489,1568,1591]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
7–11) situated dorsally along inner face;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE8263069F1F9DFFC01F996" box="[923,967,1568,1591]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
7–9 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE826306E48F9DFFB96F996" box="[1058,1104,1568,1591]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
11 stout, moderately short,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316B13FC3CFE60FC7B" box="[377,422,963,986]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
10 trichoid, long;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316802FC3CFD52FC7B" box="[616,660,963,986]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
7–9 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316899FC3CFCE7FC7B" box="[755,801,963,986]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
11 almost equidistant from each other;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316A81FC1CFEDEFC5B" box="[235,280,995,1018]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
10 between
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316BFEFC1CFE06FC5B" box="[404,448,995,1018]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
9 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316B94FC1CFDEAFC5B" box="[510,556,995,1018]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
11 but situated more ventrally. Two setae (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316989FC1CFBD7FC5B" box="[995,1041,995,1018]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
5–6) situated apically on outer face of sclerite;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE92631685EFBFCFDA7FBBB" box="[564,609,1027,1050]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
5 very long,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316882FBFCFCD2FBBB" box="[744,788,1027,1050]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
6 long;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE92631690CFBFCFC55FBBB" box="[870,915,1027,1050]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
5 very close and dorsal to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316AB9FBDCFEC4FB9B" box="[211,258,1059,1082]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
6. Pore-like sensilla
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316BBCFBDCFDC5FB9B" box="[470,515,1059,1082]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
2–3 situated ventrally on median part of sclerite;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316E62FBDCFBF2FB9B" box="[1032,1076,1059,1082]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
2 on outer part,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316B63FBBCFEF0FBFB" box="[265,310,1091,1114]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
3 on inner part; pore-like sensillum
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE9263168DDFBBCFD25FBFB" box="[695,739,1091,1114]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
4 behind
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE92631692DFBBCFCB3FBFB" box="[839,885,1091,1114]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
5–6, between
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316E62FBBCFBF2FBFB" box="[1032,1076,1091,1114]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
2 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316AF4FB9CFF0BFBDB" box="[158,205,1123,1146]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
5. Dorsal surface of palpomere 1 with one rather long, slightly stout seta (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE9263169BAFB9CFC39FBDB" box="[976,1023,1123,1146]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
16) on inner face; ventral surface of sclerite with three sensilla (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE9263168ACFB7CFD32FB3B" box="[710,756,1155,1178]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
12–14) close to distal margin of sclerite;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316AA6FB5CFF3FFB1B" box="[204,249,1187,1210]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
12 pore-like on lateral part,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316875FB5CFD8BFB1B" box="[543,589,1187,1210]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
13 long seta between
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE92631695AFB5CFC9BFB1B" box="[816,861,1187,1210]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
12 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE9263169C2FB5CFC11FB1B" box="[936,983,1187,1210]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
14,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316991FB5CFBEEFB1B" box="[1019,1064,1187,1210]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
14 long seta on inner part, close to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316BA1FB3CFE3DFB7B" box="[459,507,1219,1242]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
13. Rather small pore-like sensilla (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE92631691CFB3CFC62FB7B" box="[886,932,1219,1242]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
15 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316998FB3CFBE6FB7B" box="[1010,1056,1219,1242]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
17) on membrane behind inner appendage;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316873FB1CFD80FB5B" box="[537,582,1251,1274]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
17 dorsal,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE9263168DEFB1CFD24FB5B" box="[692,738,1251,1274]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
15 ventral. Inner appendage with one long seta and a few short setae (gAPP). Palpomere 2 with two pore-like sensilla (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316990FAFCFBEEFABB" box="[1018,1064,1283,1306]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
18 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316AF5FADCFF0BFA9B" box="[159,205,1315,1338]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
19) and one minute seta (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316BBDFADCFDC0FA9B" box="[471,518,1315,1338]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
27);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE92631685FFADCFDA4FA9B" box="[565,610,1315,1338]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
18 situated ventrally on outer part of sclerite;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316A1BFABCFF58FAFB" box="[113,158,1347,1370]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
19 on inner face of intersegmental membrane between palpomeres 2 and 3;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE9263169C5FABCFC1DFAFB" box="[943,987,1347,1370]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
27 at base of outer face of sclerite. Palpomere 3 with two setae (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE9263168DBFA9CFD19FADB" box="[689,735,1379,1402]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
21 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316947FA9CFC9CFADB" box="[813,858,1379,1402]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
23) and two pore-like sensilla (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316AA6FA7CFF3EFA3B" box="[204,248,1411,1434]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
20 and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316B29FA7CFEB7FA3B" box="[323,369,1411,1434]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
22);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316BF7FA7CFE0CFA3B" box="[413,458,1411,1434]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
21 rather long,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316809FA7CFD49FA3B" box="[611,655,1411,1434]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
23 long;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316882FA7CFCD5FA3B" box="[744,787,1411,1434]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
20 on outer face very close to distal margin of sclerite;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316B18FA5CFE58FA1B" box="[370,414,1443,1466]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
21–22 on median part of sclerite close to distal margin of sclerite;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316A1BFA3CFF58FA7B" box="[113,158,1475,1498]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
21 lateral to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316B4AFA3CFE88FA7B" box="[288,334,1475,1498]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
22;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316B1EFA3CFE66FA7B" box="[372,416,1475,1498]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
23 dorsal on outer face close to distal margin. Palpomere 4 with one rather long seta (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316B32FA1CFE43FA5B" box="[344,389,1507,1530]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
24) situated basally on inner face, and with digitiform sensillum (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316A13F9FCFF61F9BB" box="[121,167,1539,1562]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
25) and pore-like sensillum (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316B8AF9FCFDCBF9BB" box="[480,525,1539,1562]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
26) apically on outer face of sclerite;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE9263169C0F9FCFC10F9BB" box="[938,982,1539,1562]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
25 dorsal,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFE926316A1BF9DCFF5BF99B" box="[113,157,1571,1594]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
26 ventral. Apical membranous area of palpomere 4 with several minute setae (gMX).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CEE118CCFFE926316A1BFCBBFE1FFCD3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303147" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5303147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303147/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="60" startId="13.[113,144,836,855]" targetBox="[134,1080,234,815]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFE926316A1BFCBBFE1FFCD3" blockId="13.[113,1089,836,882]" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Fig. 7. Third instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFE926316B08FCBBFD0EFCF6" authority="Sharp, 1873" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1873" box="[354,712,836,855]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus" subGenus="Berosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE926316B08FCBBFE60FCF6" box="[354,422,836,855]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE926316BD9FCBBFE31FCF6" box="[435,503,836,855]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFE92631686EFCBBFD91FCF6" box="[516,599,836,855]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="60">japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFE926316837FCBBFD0EFCF6" author="SHARP D." box="[605,712,836,855]" pageId="13" pageNumber="60" pagination="45 - 67" refId="ref17655" refString="SHARP D. 1873: The water beetles of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1873: 45 - 67." type="journal article" year="1873">Sharp, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, head appendages. A–B – mandible, dorsal; C–D – labium, dorsal (C) and ventral (D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEA26326ADFFF23FC72FDD2" blockId="14.[151,1127,220,979]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326ADFFF23FEC0FF52" box="[181,262,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEA26326B78FF23FEA1FF52" box="[274,359,220,243]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1082,1101]" captionTargetBox="[155,1120,219,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-207@8.[151,1126,207,1072]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 2. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303135" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303135/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEA26326B1AFF23FE57FF52" box="[368,401,220,243]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[113,144,912,931]" captionTargetBox="[131,1083,223,861]" captionTargetId="figure-267@9.[113,1088,220,876]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 3. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, anterior margin of head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) (both drawn from dorsal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303137/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEA26326BF0FF23FE19FF52" box="[410,479,220,243]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[151,182,1516,1535]" captionTargetBox="[164,1112,221,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-10@10.[151,1126,208,1479]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303139/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">4G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Submentum with two pairs of setae (LA1–2); LA1 very long, in each lateral corner, LA2 minute, on anterior margin. Ventral surface of mentum with one pair of short setae (LA3) situated on median part of outer face; LA4 absent. Prementum with three pairs of sensilla (LA8–10) on dorsal surface and with three pairs of sensilla (LA5–7) on ventral surface. LA8–10 on anterior membranous area of prementum, close to each other; arrangement of LA8–10 vary, LA8–9 sometimes absent; LA8–9 pore-like, LA10 long seta; LA9–10 at basal part of ligula, LA8 behind LA9–10. Minute seta LA5 at base of outer face; long seta LA6 and pore-like sensillum LA7 on anterior part, close to borderline between sclerite and membrane of prementum; LA6 close and mesally to LA7. Ligula with two pairs of pore-like sensilla (LA11–12) apically; LA12 dorsal, LA11 ventral. One minute seta (LA13) situated ventrally on basal margin of palpomere 1; pore-like sensillum LA14 on dorsal surface of intersegmental membrane between palpomeres 1 and 2. LA15 absent. Apical membranous area of palpomere 2 with several setae of variable length and shape (gLA).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEA26326AFDFD83FED4FD12" blockId="14.[151,1127,220,979]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326AFDFD83FEF1FD32" bold="true" box="[151,311,636,659]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Second instar.</emphasis>
|
||
Primary sensilla similar to first instar, and secondary chaetotaxy similar to third instar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEA26326ADFFD43FCB4FCB2" blockId="14.[151,1127,220,979]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326ADFFD43FEDEFD72" box="[181,280,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Parietale</emphasis>
|
||
with four rather short secondary setae. Two dorsal setae close to frontal line, one between PA6 and PA7, one between PA8 and PA9; one seta lateroventral, anterior to PA16; one seta on median part of lateral face, between PA13 and PA15–18.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEA26326ADFFCE3FECCFCF2" blockId="14.[151,1127,220,979]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326ADFFCE3FEDDFC92" box="[181,283,796,819]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Mandible</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEA26326B34FCE3FE10FC92" box="[350,470,796,819]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[113,144,836,855]" captionTargetBox="[134,1080,234,815]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[113,1088,219,827]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 7. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – mandible, dorsal; C–D – labium, dorsal (C) and ventral (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303147/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Figs 7A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Outer face of mandible bearing a few short to minute secondary setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEA26326ADFFCA3FB96FC12" blockId="14.[151,1127,220,979]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326ADFFCA3FECEFCD2" box="[181,264,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Maxilla</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEA26326B23FCA3FE06FCD2" box="[329,448,860,883]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[151,182,1034,1053]" captionTargetBox="[151,1121,222,1106]" captionTargetId="figure-192@12.[151,1126,208,1110]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303145/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Figs 6C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Stipes bearing three secondary setae; one moderately short seta situated dorsally on basal part of outer face, one moderately long seta on median portion of outer face, one long seta ventrally on subapical part of sclerite, close to and behind
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E28908D4FFEA26326E7BFC63FB86FC12" box="[1041,1088,924,947]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEA26326AFDFC43FD32FC72" blockId="14.[151,1127,220,979]" box="[151,756,956,979]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326AFDFC43FEE2FC72" bold="true" box="[151,292,956,979]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Third instar</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEA26326B5BFC43FE6EFC72" box="[305,424,956,979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,144,1333,1352]" captionTargetBox="[163,1044,222,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[150,1053,214,1318]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, dorsal; A – head capsule; B – anterior margin of head capsule; C – detail of setae of gFR2; D – spiracular atrium; E – spiracle in spiracular atrium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303143/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Figs 5B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEA26326BD9FC43FE19FC72" box="[435,479,956,979]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="12.[151,182,1034,1053]" captionStartId-1="13.[113,144,836,855]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1121,222,1106]" captionTargetBox-1="[134,1080,234,815]" captionTargetId-0="figure-192@12.[151,1126,208,1110]" captionTargetId-1="figure-12@13.[113,1088,219,827]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="Fig. 6. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head" captionText-1="Fig. 7. Third instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – mandible, dorsal; C–D – labium, dorsal (C) and ventral (D)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303145" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303147" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5303145/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5303147/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">6–7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Similar to second instar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEA26326AFDFC14FC75FBA3" blockId="14.[151,947,1003,1026]" box="[151,947,1003,1026]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326AFDFC14FEC5FBA3" bold="true" box="[151,259,1003,1026]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Egg-case.</emphasis>
|
||
Egg-cases were laid on substrate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02A554C1FFEA26326819FC14FC9DFBA1" box="[627,859,1003,1026]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[151,182,968,987]" captionTargetBox="[151,1125,219,950]" captionTargetId="figure-10@28.[151,1126,219,950]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 17. A–B – Egg-case of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, wild (A) and rearing (B); C – egg-case of Regimbartia attenuata (Fabricius, 1801), rearing; D – egg of R. attenuata. FigsA, C modified after HAYASHI (2009a). Photos by M. Hayashi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5303167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5303167/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Figs 17A–B;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEA2632696FFC14FC9DFBA1" author="HAYASHI M." box="[773,859,1003,1026]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" pagination="87 - 121" refId="ref16320" refString="HAYASHI M. 2009 a: Aquatic Hydrophilidae of Shimane prefecture. Bulletin of Hoshizaki Green Foundation 12: 87 - 121 (in Japanese with English title and abstract)." type="journal article" year="2009">HAYASHI</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
2009a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D2841BCFFFEA26326AFDFBE5FEABFAB0" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A214844FFEA26326AFDFBE5FEABFAB0" blockId="14.[151,1127,1050,1297]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326AFDFBE5FF35FB90" bold="true" box="[151,243,1050,1073]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEA26326A9DFBE5FE7FFB90" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1873" box="[247,441,1050,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326A9DFBE5FE7FFB90" box="[247,441,1050,1073]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Berosus japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits paddy fields in the locality of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="585A86A6FFEA26326921FBE5FBDBFB90" box="[843,1053,1050,1073]" country="Japan" name="Shimane" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Shimane prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
; larvae prefer masses of algae, possibly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEA26326B8CFBC5FD89FBF0" authorityName="Link in C. G. D. Nees" authorityYear="1820" box="[486,591,1082,1105]" class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Zygnemataceae" genus="Spirogyra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zygnematales" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" phylum="Charophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326B8CFBC5FD89FBF0" box="[486,591,1082,1105]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Spirogyra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEA26326805FBC5FC56FBF0" authorityName="C. Agardh" authorityYear="1817" box="[623,912,1082,1105]" class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Zygnemataceae" genus="Zygnema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zygnematales" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" phylum="Charophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA26326805FBC5FD16FBF0" box="[623,720,1082,1105]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Zygnema</emphasis>
|
||
(Zygnemataceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nearly one hundred larvae were occasionally found in such masses of algae, together with larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEA2632699DFBA5FE72FB30" authority="(Sharp, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Haliplidae" genus="Peltodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedius">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA2632699DFBA5FED3FB30" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Peltodytes intermedius</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEA26326B4CFB85FE6BFB30" author="SHARP D." box="[294,429,1146,1169]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" pagination="45 - 67" refId="ref17655" refString="SHARP D. 1873: The water beetles of Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1873: 45 - 67." type="journal article" year="1873">Sharp, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEA26326BAFFB85FD86FB30" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[453,576,1146,1169]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEA26326826FB85FD7BFB30" box="[588,701,1146,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Haliplidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Haliplidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (Hayashi, personal observation). This habitat preference might be the reason for confusion about the diet of larval
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEA263269A9FB65FBDEFB10" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1817" box="[963,1048,1178,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA263269A9FB65FBDEFB10" box="[963,1048,1178,1201]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was considered to consist of algae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEA2632686EFB45FD57FB70" author="WILSON C. B." box="[516,657,1210,1233]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" pagination="231 - 345" refId="ref18545" refString="WILSON C. B. 1923: Water beetles in relation to pondfish culture, with life histories of those found in fishponds at Fairport, Iowa. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 39: 231 - 345." type="journal article" year="1923">WILSON 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEA263268F1FB45FC77FB70" author="BOVING A. G. & HENRIKSEN K. L." box="[667,945,1210,1233]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" pagination="27 - 162" refId="ref15329" refString="BOVING A. G. & HENRIKSEN K. L. 1938: The developmental stages of the Danish Hydrophilidae (Ins., Coleoptera). Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i KObenhavn 102: 27 - 162." type="journal article" year="1938">BØVING & HENRIKSEN 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEA263269D1FB45FB9DFB70" author="PETERSON A." box="[955,1115,1210,1233]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" refId="ref17483" refString="PETERSON A. 1951: Larvae of Insects. An Introduction to Nearctic Species. Part II. Coleoptera, Diptera, Neuroptera, Siphonaptera, Mecoptera, Trichoptera. Edwards Brothers, Inc., Columbus, Ohio, v + 416 pp." type="book" year="1951">PETERSON 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEA26326AD1FB25FE20FB50" author="BOVING A. G. & HENRIKSEN K. L." box="[187,486,1242,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" pagination="27 - 162" refId="ref15329" refString="BOVING A. G. & HENRIKSEN K. L. 1938: The developmental stages of the Danish Hydrophilidae (Ins., Coleoptera). Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i KObenhavn 102: 27 - 162." type="journal article" year="1938">BØVING & HENRIKSEN (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE0F35B5FFEA2632687DFB25FD3AFB50" author="ARCHANGELSKY M." box="[535,764,1242,1265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 207" refId="ref14684" refString="ARCHANGELSKY M. 1997: Studies on the biology, ecology, and systematics of the immature stages of New World Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Staphyliniformia). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey, New Series 12: 1 - 207." type="book chapter" year="1997">ARCHANGELSKY (1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2008) questioned,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D9E33C7FFEA263269A0FB25FBD9FB50" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1817" box="[970,1055,1242,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8EA9456FFEA263269A0FB25FBD9FB50" box="[970,1055,1242,1265]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="61">Berosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae will be carnivorous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |