309 lines
38 KiB
XML
309 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="3D87AF8EFFD72FDA63130ABC8B241FD4" ID-CLB-Dataset="28693" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bcdbe5f4-2f0e-4240-8727-64b6c91db94a" ID-PMC="PMC4926649" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-591-1" ID-PubMed="27408541" ID-ZooBank="DD65A7BB1B834CB298BA7E8E2257FA4F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-591-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 591" ModsDocTitle="A revision of Chilicola (Heteroediscelis), a subgenus of xeromelissine bees (Hymenoptera, Colletidae) endemic to Chile: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography, with descriptions of eight new species" checkinTime="1463833188709" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Monckton, Spencer K." docDate="2016" docId="120A7D49F4524D948D5D762EA5954352" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 591: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 591" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731" docTitle="Chilicola (Heteroediscelis) mantagua Toro & Moldenke 1979" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFFED84DD544452EFFC446356171FFFD" masterDocTitle="A revision of Chilicola (Heteroediscelis), a subgenus of xeromelissine bees (Hymenoptera, Colletidae) endemic to Chile: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography, with descriptions of eight new species" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1701383329186" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8FEBEC7774CF804D335156AFA7483A53">A revision of Chilicola (Heteroediscelis), a subgenus of xeromelissine bees (Hymenoptera, Colletidae) endemic to Chile: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography, with descriptions of eight new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CC49EF3049AEFA9099AB7F2D1B6C8DF0">Monckton, Spencer K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2B7E9AC837B5BB6AEEFDA7FB8954A0C5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2C14DFA0A6467E5915337FFE94CB335E">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8610CEDBDF745D60539D7A2960C33EC3">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BFBF78338DD454FE140A0707E77307B2">591</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="606C74FF7AACC2962A36A39BEE8BAFCB">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="9154A983C7BFF96517D5CB87ABFD583A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E21B3D39074608328EF957989BB3220C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4C88D56B4696A9B55CBA1A125FEAFC35" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-591-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="120A7D49F4524D948D5D762EA5954352" ID-GBIF-Taxon="150886279" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120A7D49F4524D948D5D762EA5954352" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120A7D49F4524D948D5D762EA5954352" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="C29A03AEAD9186FEF34B2255A2F779FB" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="44716837C055542C4A198E5913BF17BB" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Colletidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FBA0FEE993700A6FEC3B2B4ADA16838A" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C3A1270031B5FB7DDAD5C6EBC058F0F1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="67547146A2FB0D844A6EE340D52F47D0" ID-CoL="TZW2" authority="Toro & Moldenke, 1979" authorityName="Toro & Moldenke" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola (Heteroediscelis) mantagua" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mantagua" subGenus="Heteroediscelis">Chilicola (Heteroediscelis) mantagua Toro & Moldenke, 1979</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1B; 15
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<normalizedToken id="E418DA7060873EB6D6539748A0ACD752" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
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; 16
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<normalizedToken id="2B7BC0B3C27CA3CC821A36F0CC008D79" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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; 17C; 25B; 27
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<normalizedToken id="833B50E4A92A9C1FB6208C927247FBA1" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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; 31
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<normalizedToken id="E5CC38F4B642C7777B6E6F940AECB674" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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; 32
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<normalizedToken id="C1035E8B79B9CF9757B995C2FBAAE6E4" originalValue="A–J">A-J</normalizedToken>
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; 49
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE0E295F8283FE4337A7ACBC43152FDC" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="78F5339A80B309587215C5AEFF305EB5" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="159FA4161E2FDA7AEDB9A53D8124A0F6" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola mantagua" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mantagua">Chilicola mantagua</taxonomicName>
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Toro & Moldenke, 1979: 114-116 (male holotype, female allotype, AMNH [examined]).
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<bibRefCitation id="7AD98D1BDB6825C224AD97AD8F3FD2F7" author="Aravena, O" journalOrPublisher="Revista Chilena de Entomologia" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="177 - 183" title="Morfologia de las partes esqueleticas del aparato picador de Xeromelissinae (Hymenoptera, Colletidae)." volume="12" year="1985">Aravena and Toro 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: 177, 179-183; figs 6, 13, 29 (illustration, morphology).
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<bibRefCitation id="79FE24838B31D3087013A3D6DC734E95" author="Michener, CD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="332 - 345" title="A classification of the bees of the subfamily Xeromelissinae (Hymenoptera: Colletidae)." volume="68" year="1995">Michener 1995</bibRefCitation>
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: 337.
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<bibRefCitation id="98E5C491BE8D60E7ABF6ED5503521993" author="Michener, CD" journalOrPublisher="The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" title="The Bees of the World" year="2007">Michener 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 184.
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<bibRefCitation id="DFC6EBB1E9698CA98EE007C73B9B63EF" author="Almeida, EAB" journalOrPublisher="Apidologie" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="75 - 85" title="Phylogeny of the Xeromelissinae (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) Based upon Morphology and Molecules." url="10.1051/apido:2007063" volume="39" year="2008">Almeida et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 76 (phylogeny).
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<bibRefCitation id="33E4552AE75471E72012CBAFD5165DA0" author="Packer, L" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="72 - 96" title="Phylogeny and classification of the Xeromelissinae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Colletidae) with special emphasis on the genus Chilicola." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.2007.00398.x" volume="33" year="2008">Packer 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 74, 77-78 (phylogeny). Montalva and Ruz 2010: 28 (checklist).
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<bibRefCitation id="70326D6FB1B79CA0ABE6815383BA9654" author="Moure, JS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" title="Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region - online version" url="http://www.moure.cria.org.br/catalogue" year="2012">Moure et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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(catalogue).
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<bibRefCitation id="2BB8B3C95C19FAE4DA79C1852E490D52" author="Ascher, JS" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" title="Discover Life Bee Species Guide and World Checklist (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila)" url="http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?guide=Apoidea_species" year="2015">Ascher and Pickering 2015</bibRefCitation>
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(checklist).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26BE2A74DF5DDF3101954D43E8794284" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName id="97BA36137D1084660AE65D490199D9A4" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola valparaiso" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valparaiso">Chilicola valparaiso</taxonomicName>
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Toro & Moldenke, 1979: 117-118 (male holotype, AMNH [examined]).
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<bibRefCitation id="C8D1F1020F4A098B1C3AE98794506B7F" author="Packer, L" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="72 - 96" title="Phylogeny and classification of the Xeromelissinae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Colletidae) with special emphasis on the genus Chilicola." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.2007.00398.x" volume="33" year="2008">Packer 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 77. Montalva and Ruz 2010: 29 (checklist).
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<bibRefCitation id="9968AE631ADDA20877FA0A5DDCA396A1" author="Moure, JS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" title="Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region - online version" url="http://www.moure.cria.org.br/catalogue" year="2012">Moure et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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(catalogue).
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<bibRefCitation id="1F35FCEA5C415BB64193756259EA924C" author="Ascher, JS" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" title="Discover Life Bee Species Guide and World Checklist (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila)" url="http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?guide=Apoidea_species" year="2015">Ascher and Pickering 2015</bibRefCitation>
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(checklist). Syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A637007B1CA7B132F8C96FF71FE79190" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="B894DEA1B9506344E7FFD4F5170B716D" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6DA1BD280AEDEDF83090475773405128" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Males are diagnosable by the combination of malar space short (~0.6
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<normalizedToken id="753B5C8AF86398B6B9584827E3B1F661" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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clypeal lateral), mesobasitarsus mostly dark, and metatibia with the combination of ventral carina extending full length of longitudinal concavity and smooth, posterior carina absent basally and originating in apical half of ventral carina, and apical lamina reduced (~0.5OD in length). Females are diagnosable by the combination of the malar space short (~0.5
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<normalizedToken id="4001016325406A37E8F5D23250A7BEB4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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clypeal lateral), metapostnotum with sparse, irregular longitudinal carinae, and protibia yellow along entire dorsal surface but darkened somewhat to yellow-brown apically. Among consubgeners
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<taxonomicName id="D9BBD91AB610B85FCC5DA5CAB03815B0" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola deserticola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deserticola">Chilicola deserticola</taxonomicName>
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is most similar, but can be differentiated in both sexes by the shorter malar space (<0.5
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<normalizedToken id="6DAE0B29E8530B62178A2937A49B8653" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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clypeal lateral) and by the characters given in the key.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0D01CE33C99BDA0CBE9A736D05F46AF3" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0E08618B218074EA66FE31435DCA2207" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4CA14E159F9C45C509EBBCE2E4226E11" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Male. Length 4.8-5.5mm, forewing length 3.0-3.3mm, head width 1.1-1.3mm, thorax width 1.1-1.4mm, median ocellar diameter (OD) 0.11-0.12mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B06FD2F0AF6D1237CA8605C1D88DEC2E" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Colouration: Black-brown except as follows: antenna variable (scape with yellow apicoventral spot to entirely dark; apicoventral rim of pedicel brown to entirely dark; ventral surface of flagellum yellow to yellow-brown, narrowing basally on F1, remaining flagellomeres suffused with brown basally). Following parts yellow: labrum; clypeus except narrowly to broadly dark along epistomal suture and apex usually brown laterad; lower paraocular area extending ~1OD above transverse portion of epistomal suture and not reaching lower tangent of antennal socket; protrochanter apical rim posteriorly; apex of profemur broadly on anterior surface, narrowly on posterior surface; protibia except dark medioventrally; probasitarsus, at least on dorsal half; prodistitarsus, at least on apical two-thirds; narrow apical ring on mesofemur; wide basal ring and narrow apical ring on mesotibia, the latter wider anteriorly; apical ring on metafemur, broad dorsally; broad basal and apical rings on metatibia, excluding apical margin of ventral convexity; metabasitarsus in basal quarter dorsally, extending to apex ventrally; anterior spot on tegula. Apicoventral rim of metacoxa yellow-brown. Ventral metatibial carina black. Metasoma dark brown, T1-T6 marginal zones translucent yellow.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F64EE658ABAFD6FB36F94CDF36F3632F" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Pubescence: White, hairs generally short (0.5OD) and sparse, not especially plumose; on lower paraocular area and around antennal base moderately long and moderately dense (1OD); genal beard long and dense (0.5-2OD) longest at midlength; discs of mesoscutum, scutellum, and metanotum mostly bare, few short hairs (0.5OD), denser and as long or longer toward lateral margin as follows: mesoscutum (0.5OD), scutellum (1-2OD) also on posterior margin, longest posteromedially, metanotum (≤2OD); propodeal hairs moderately long and dense dorsolaterally (0.5-1.5OD); T1-T3 apicolateral patches of tomentum (0.5-1OD); S2 hairs long and dense (1.5OD basolaterad, 0.5OD distilaterad, shorter mesad).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A44B3BABAECB0D2782EC379A3FD0422" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Surface sculpture: Microsculpture imbricate, integument generally dull; punctures generally small and deep. Clypeus and supraclypeal, lower paraocular, and vertexal areas moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) except supraclypeal area more densely punctate toward lateral margin (i≤d); frontal area punctate (i≤d); ocellocular space moderately densely punctate adjacent to compound eye (i=1-2d) becoming impunctate adjacent to lateral ocellus; scape shallowly and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) densely punctate apicoventrally (i≤d); genal area coarsely imbricate to weakly microstriate and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); hypostomal area weakly imbricate and densely punctate (i=d); pronotum densely punctate (i=0.5-1d); mesoscutum and scutellum moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) punctures crowded around median (i≤d); mesepisternum irregularly punctate, sparse below scrobe and anterior of episternal groove (i=1-3d), impunctate just dorsad of scrobe, otherwise dense on hypoepimeral area (i≤d); metanotum moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) punctures crowded around
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<pageBreakToken id="C3371B402606F90217C37397900A2F09" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" start="start">median</pageBreakToken>
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and anteriorly (i≤0.5d); metepisternum densely punctate (i≤d) distinctly longitudinally striate anterodorsally; metapostnotum rugose, fewer transverse lineations and more weakly microsculptured posteriorly; propodeum coarsely imbricate, moderately
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<pageBreakToken id="596953ADB1CFC67C7549B387399F0CB2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">densely</pageBreakToken>
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punctate (i=1-2d); T1 moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); T2-T5 moderately densely punctate-puncticulate (i=1-3d); T6-T7 moderately sparsely punctate (i≥2d); marginal zones of terga weakly imbricate and shiny, shallowly punctate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="30B40FACC49F44A643C1A537786A8EB5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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Structure: Labrum 2.4
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<normalizedToken id="7B3196D4EC160E411BA7F64881839BBB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than long (24:10); malar space ~0.6
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<normalizedToken id="395EADB1CEA15C10EC41D9EF9DC7385F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as clypeal lateral (5:8); LOT below anterior tentorial pits; clypeus ~1.2
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<normalizedToken id="DC9D4F002A776FA22F5F83CE341F64C5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as maximum width in frontal view (35:29) extending for less than half its length beyond LOT; clypeus lacking median longitudinal groove; subantennal sutures ~1.15
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<normalizedToken id="E02F59F1A1B6AE0B5E81D9C08A6E6253" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as shortest distance between them (14:12); IAD 1.5
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<normalizedToken id="12E8E55A0BF6EEF50A49D77A32E69749" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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AOD (12:8); scape ~2.5
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<normalizedToken id="64A7FD545E5C1CFB4DB8DCB9F3FAF6D7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as maximum width (23:9); pedicel slightly shorter than wide (7.5:8); F1 slightly shorter than wide (8:8.5); F2 shorter than F1 and ~0.75
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<normalizedToken id="35854241EDA5E9AAB7A22554C6D1CD50" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as F3 (F2:F3 - 7:9); UOD ~1.4
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<normalizedToken id="1FDA8A2A9338C629C368AC379538417D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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LOD, IOD ~1.1
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<normalizedToken id="75F2E58F7E44918339FEFA3BA01F1C21" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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UOD (UOD:IOD:LOD - 47:51:34); frontal line carinate in lower half, flat above; MOC subequal to width of head (84:83); OOC ~0.7
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<normalizedToken id="EC94A88EB9D5AD95142EA1E6B794A694" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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IOC (12:17); genal area ~0.6
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<normalizedToken id="2B495978B0F66B9DB71E690CAD46B186" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as compound eye in lateral view (18:31); ratio of lengths of mesoscutum: scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum - 55:22:10:12; probasitarsus ~3.33
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<normalizedToken id="3B63A5C539D60177A41D615AAA8714ED" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as maximum depth (20:6); prodistitarsus ~0.9
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<normalizedToken id="0ED2BE6BF0EF786FF4B870BE52DE3A0A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as preceding three tarsomeres combined (from II to V - 6:5:4:13); metafemur nearly twice as long as maximum depth (61:31); summit of metatibial ventral convexity at approximately two-thirds tibial length; metatibia ~2.2
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<normalizedToken id="97AEBCA0ED2E46C53C0A0AB7DC0B809E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as maximum depth (55:25); in apical view apical lamina of metatibia reduced, short and thick, length ~0.5
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<normalizedToken id="2996EFF5162884CBA6541B88849D903D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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OD (5:9); ventral metatibial carina angled ventrad, somewhat laminate, rounded inflection near midpoint, posterior carina absent basally and originating in apical half of ventral carina; metabasitarsus 3.4
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<normalizedToken id="1DC536E1A54AEEAF6FDF664E120AE6C3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum depth (34:10); S1 process apical surface longitudinally concave, in lateral view anterior and posterior margins convergent apically. S7 apodemal arm sclerotized margin entire, fully enclosing membranous portion of arm; ventral lobe ~0.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F2F2C2A59B1223E30C17D6FF3F4234F6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as broad as basal attached length; dorsal lobe strap-like, subparallel-sided and somewhat anteriorly curved, with basal tuft of long setae and a short apical row, midlength bare. S8 lateral process ~1.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="61F4E79B3149D52995F1894544D55A40" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than long, anteromedial sclerotized margin wide and subparallel to margin throughout. Gonobase apicoventral truncate process biconvex and distinctly notched by a width less than one convexity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0F91C77860EF90CCA866827379B4A68F" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Female. Length 4.5-5.1mm, forewing length 2.8-3.0mm, head width 1.0-1.1mm, thorax width 1.1-1.2mm, median ocellar diameter (OD) 0.10mm.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1BD907F23DFA0F2DD3B3B707D76DC4EC" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Colouration: Black to black-brown except as follows: mandible with yellow basal spot, translucent yellow in apical half except apex translucent brown; antenna variable (apicoventral margin of F3 yellow-brown to brown; ventral surface of flagellum from F4 to terminal flagellomere yellow-brown to yellow, flagellomeres suffused with brown basally). Following parts yellow: dorsal surface of protibia, darkened to yellow-brown apicodorsally; apical half of prodistitarsus; narrow basal ring on mesotibia, wider dorsally. Anterior spot on tegula absent or faintly yellow. Following parts brown: apicodorsal spot on mesotibia; apical one-third of mesodistitarsus; narrow apical ring on metafemur (yellow-brown on some specimens). Metatibia with wide basidorsal band yellow-brown. Metasoma black, T1-T5 marginal zones narrowly translucent yellow.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B655E814875F68B42DAB09CCB2ABF20B" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Pubescence: As in male except as follows: clypeal hairs short and sparse (0.5OD); genal beard sparse (0.5-1.5OD); discs of mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum with
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="8E0805C70CC9A2546E74558BBAB5104B" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">sparse</pageBreakToken>
|
||
short hairs (≤0.5OD), longer and denser toward lateral margin of mesoscutum (0.5OD), and toward lateral and posterior margins of scutellum (1-1.5OD), longest posteromedially; scopae on metafemur and metatibia (1-1.5OD); T1-T3 apicolateral patches of tomentum (0.5-1OD); S1 hairs long and moderately dense (≤2OD); S2 scopal hairs (1-2OD).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6446AB27EA9EFF023C1F92D2499319DC" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Surface sculpture: As in male except as follows: lower paraocular area densely punctate (i=d); scape and frontal, vertexal, and genal areas moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d), scape shallowly punctate, genal area weakly imbricate; hypostomal area weakly imbricate to glossy apically, shallowly and moderately sparsely punctate (i≥2d); mesoscutum and scutellum densely punctate (i=0.5-1d); mesepisternum irregularly punctate, sparse below scrobe and anterior of episternal groove (i=1-3d), irregularly spaced on hypoepimeral area (i≤2d); metanotum moderately densely punctate (i=0.5-2d); metapostnotum sparsely longitudinally carinate, carinae irregular; propodeum moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); T1-T5 punctures small and sparse (i=1-3d on T1-T3; i≥2d on T4-T5); T6 moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A86FD1DF4A69D5826CC33A5FF1D6A92" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Structure: Labrum ~2.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7D46EB54221C82143D17AEC8D2AD359F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than long (21:8); malar space 0.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FCD91B9EDD6D27E46CCBC70857A6A2E8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as clypeal lateral (4:8); LOT below anterior tentorial pits; clypeus subequal in length to maximum width in frontal view (30:28) extending for less than half its length beyond LOT; median longitudinal groove weak on clypeus; subantennal suture length subequal to shortest distance between them (11:12); IAD ~1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="963DD548866E3E113F873914FFC99927" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
AOD (12.5:8); scape ~3.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E81E798B6EAB9110BD504E8D918E1A36" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum width (21:6.5); pedicel longer than wide (7.5:6.5); F1 subequal in length and width (6:6); F2 ~0.67
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A889BDAB8F83AAF42027C4098C016671" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as F1 and same length as F3 (F2:F3 - 4:4); UOD ~1.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B43503CC75D106C3689B5E0669D4DB45" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
LOD, IOD ~1.05
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CE99DC33A6980E78779DCEB3F9E4CCDF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as UOD (UOD:IOD:LOD - 44:47:34); frontal line carinate in lower half, flat above; MOC subequal to or slightly longer than width of head (78:74); OOC ~0.75
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CBC18FE2C5B3D4A58695EDA536516C03" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
IOC (11.5:16); genal area ~0.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1CE7D5A20788BAB616C4826F431108FD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as wide as eye in lateral view (16:26); ratio of lengths of mesoscutum: scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum - 51:20:10:11.5; probasitarsus ~3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9907C62ED6FD1CA50DFFE78CC2AD013A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum depth (20:6.5); length of prodistitarsus subequal to that of preceding three tarsomeres combined (from II to V - 5.5:5:4:14); metafemur ~2.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="448C060B2DA7431782B6F2BC5F1D218A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum depth (42:16); metatibia ~4.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="21B824DF39A3339EC58E12EB40D16BB4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum depth (55:13); metabasitarsus ~3.67
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0791EB47E31ED87969AFF9A164BD1C3B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as maximum depth (33:9).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E2FF54676BC801DE1BFF1214839066DE" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<paragraph id="2D082204C7BDFEF1AA4472B85AAA10E8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Figure 32.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2637FFFC9DCBAB52AE12DC12F0465CD4" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola mantagua" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mantagua">Chilicola mantagua</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A male habitus, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm B male head, frontal view, scale bar 0.5 mm C female habitus, lateral view, scale bar 1 mm D female head, frontal view, scale bar 0.5 mm E male metatibia, posterior view†, scale bar 0.25 mm F male S1 process, lateral view†, scale bar 0.25 mm G male S1 process, apical view, scale bar 0.25 mm H male S7, scale bar 0.25 mm I male S8, scale bar 0.25 mm J male genital capsule, scale bar 0.25 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3B9987BF2A72A94F1E55C1A94FCE37F0" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="7CEBB63DE5454B9589770CC9FABA64C0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Material studied</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA738C4928A16511831B04033ACB4C45" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
(38 males & 20 females): Holotype (male): Region V, Lilenes,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4E7CF54EB8AEC44734F553970A4607AA" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.928">S 32.928°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A4CF210179B0CEAB0F5C7473C068D5EB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.546">W 71.546°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 19m, 13.i.1967, Toro (AMNH); Allotype (female): same locality and date as holotype, De la Hoz (AMNH);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9099097418F20672FFB6B919A9E6375" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Chilicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilicola valparaiso" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valparaiso">Chilicola valparaiso</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype (male): Region V,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C7FEFFF2EC5BF1DDA6D8CCA49F01FCF1" originalValue="Peñuelas">Penuelas</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B6F2F5E5F1890A8A48AC2B9B1101808A" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-33.149">S 33.149°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4B53F9904BBCB787561484CF1A6A5BA7" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.559">W 71.559°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 362m, i.1975, Cerda (AMNH) Region V: one paratype female, same locality as holotype, 5.x.1975, L. Ruz (PUCV); two paratype females, same data, PUCV-ENTO 21480, PUCV-ENTO 21481 (PUCV); one paratype male, same locality as holotype, 23.x.1966, De la Hoz (AMNH); one paratype male, same locality as holotype, 25.x.1966, De la Hoz (AMNH); one paratype male, same locality as holotype, 23.x.1966, H. Toro G. (AMNH); two paratype males, same locality as holotype, 5.x.1975, H. Toro, PUCV-ENTO 21467, PUCV-ENTO 21474 (PUCV); one paratype male, Mantagua,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="01B546F35CDBAF194F7FC025881A4EA3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.866">S 32.866°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D10FE04255C311F234B5F200FF3D5EC1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.491">W 71.491°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 15m, 13.i.1967, H. Toro G. (AMNH); three paratype males, same locality and collector, xii.1971 (AMNH); two paratype males,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ABBE616C6C7F90B4479810C82A1A0FEF" originalValue="Reñaca">Renaca</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FA2F8D42F3D2640EFBC1D7F024D158E0" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.972">S 32.972°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="282026FD772C08654196E377A64BAB63" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.544">W 71.544°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 14m, 20.xi.1966, De la Hoz (AMNH);
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="C42C9A7B99E4D8B5360B0B0C51B1AD73" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">one</pageBreakToken>
|
||
paratype female, Pr. Aconcagua, 5.xi.1971, A.R. Moldenke, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BB3BB4A10FBC79349C73B552EE5681DB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chaetanthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chaetanthera linearis" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="linearis">Chaetanthera linearis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, INT BIOL PROGRAM 45330 (AMNH); one male, same locality as holotype, 26.x.1979, L. Ruz (PUCV); one female, Lilenes Alto,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B75771D0E7FC4D42B5FFBBACEDBAC136" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.934">S 32.934°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5C9EE6EC73BB7A3B9BCFB6CA6A716EFD" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.544">W 71.544°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 74m, i.2000, F. Vivallo (UFRJ); one male, Dunas de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1929123BDD690604D6C72FA6A5991FA8" originalValue="Concón">Concon</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A4C70E2EEB7C90D2F6520C9D97344363" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.941">S 32.941°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="06254961AC3EB0B43D0BC2D426EACB8F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.552">W 71.552°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 41m, 12.i.1976, G. Cerda (AMNH); one male,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9EA5586E8586B7FC6548193A6D5AC52A" originalValue="Reñaca">Renaca</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7CC631E57A3B50A0AEAF943E00D51CB8" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.972">S 32.972°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EA6FE9B51843BCF59C6153DBF54633E6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.544">W 71.544°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 14m, 22.x.1994, J.G. Rozen (AMNH); one male, same locality, 17.i.1973, G. Cerda (AMNH); one female, Curauma,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B36200D7A4188CD7463C8CE553E2FCD1" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-33.015">S 33.015°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="50E2D02B00CAFF0C221C60ADCC5A10E2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.541">W 71.541°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 61m, 5.i.2000, F. Vivallo (UFRJ); seven males,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D9F0318746AC8D9D8111C25C7244B57C" originalValue="Viña">Vina</normalizedToken>
|
||
del Mar,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D27D6AA1D81E6F6AA5A4E36542BC7F5E" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-33.025">S 33.025°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="872085D3FBF455F3EC9578C780332FB3" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.552">W 71.552°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 18m, xi.1988, Fritz (AMNH); one female,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F524DBCC1AFEE210366E8129FD876723" originalValue="Peñuelas">Penuelas</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="46E1FAFE30B38097D461F1ABE958AEE4" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-33.149">S 33.149°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="169EC16AA9B7788F66026B73A3047921" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.559">W 71.559°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 362m, 22.i.1975, Cerda (AMNH); two males and two females,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B27F95FEC8CB309A34908848076760C6" originalValue="Concón">Concon</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1E528328C0C9446AA7173266CEA8107C" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.917">S 32.917°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2B342D3FB191F7B32B4627ECC72071C9" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="-71.5">W 71.5°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 60m, 21.x.2008, K.S. Ramos, CCDB-06736 F02 // PCYU-KCC-10040, CCDB-06736 F03 // PCYU-KCC-10041, CCDB-06736 F01 // PCYU-KCC-10039, CCDB-06736 E12 // PCYU-KCC-10038 (PCYU); one female, Mantagua,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="369D1C386215C140FEDF6DA88717B899" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.866">S 32.866°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AAACC61181376923C3C75680A1E40361" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.491">W 71.491°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 15m, 26.xi.1976, H. Toro Jr (AMNH); one female, same locality, 2.ii.1967, H. Toro, PUCV-ENTO 21990 (PUCV); one male, Mantagua Dunas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5DAF028D843B6F4419A0DE8377F3E8C4" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.865">S 32.865°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7D5852F44C4B3B95AA3D2AB28FAD0EFB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.494">W 71.494°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 13m, 12.i.1976, G. Cerda B. (PUCV); six males and five females, Playa Ritoque, N of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3FF8F6719677EA376E6102140A81C202" originalValue="Concón">Concon</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E2A5CA2A7D0410F77358D1B13BE5B666" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-32.849">S 32.849°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="87A27634CD08B3B52686EE5AF8CA4844" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-71.515">W 71.515°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 13m, 5.x.2000, L. Packer (PCYU); one male and one female, same data (CTMI); one male, same data, CCDB-03755 A04 (PCYU); two males, Aconcagua Prov. Papudo/Zapallar, 5.xi.1971, A.R. Moldenke, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F0F329C6CE69B8C92B0257625CE5FFFE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chaetanthera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chaetanthera linearis" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="linearis">Chaetanthera linearis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, INT BIOL PROGRAM 45330, INT BIOL PROGRAM 45387 (AMNH); one male, Aconcagua Prov. Papudo/Zapallar, date unknown, H. Toro (AMNH); one female, Aconcagua Prov., 12.i.1973, A.R. Moldenke, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B31D7D6ABB8653173FCD9F6B682F874" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Carpobrotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carpobrotus chilensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chilensis">Carpobrotus chilensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, INT BIOL PROGRAM 45397 (AMNH); Region IV: one female, Choapa, Pichidangui,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="17DC6C19D98FF4AFB8773D33285D3A84" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-32.1383">S 32.1383°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D4A0D73145FD92227875C5CB176CD9C9" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-71.5067">W 71.5067°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 15m, 10.xi.2003, F.D. Parker, pan trap, CHL-14510-85 // Native Bee Survey BBSL695300 (BBSL).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="494BAA0634780ED9998898CBBB48C8A4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="6412EB8137C48300AA30192C7D714E25" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E43D10638FBC4D7AF6E8C33A333E95B0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Coastal, southern Coquimban Desert, from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4B897A88076825D8D0938CAD7C9CD751" originalValue="Peñuelas">Penuelas</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Region V) north to Pichidangui (Region IV); 13-362m a.s.l.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="93B6B85EF80C3E479B6A175AEAC6586F" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="991EC0135E5BFB9AB51C1FE8CCB19E38" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8ECDA11AA0A17F5B4551C353D7F9FC4E" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Collected on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="968F2675D0814B5A64CE131B3F213B3F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Carpobrotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carpobrotus chilensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chilensis">Carpobrotus chilensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Molina) N. E. Br. (1 record),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E4B62F4A403DCF2957B0C98DEEB49B78" genus="Cheatanthera" lsidName="Cheatanthera linearis" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="linearis">Cheatanthera linearis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Poepp. ex Less. (2 records), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="07ABF926ABB19AC34F471ACF7C0B0868" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Chorizanthe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chorizanthe vaginata" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vaginata">Chorizanthe vaginata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Benth. (1 record). Recorded October to February.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |