272 lines
34 KiB
XML
272 lines
34 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4617D1EDE8C3E7D62E1B8DFAF0A33C4B">Octoglena claraqua, n. sp. (Polyzoniida: Hirudisomatidae), a new milliped from Idaho, USA; first record of the order from the western interior of North America</mods:title>
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Genus
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:186
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; 1865:229.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C63992FFB97CD67B146" author="Bollman" box="[591,803,1029,1052]" page="117" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1893">
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:117
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, 137, 187.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C6398C5FB97CA10B146" author="Jeekel" box="[933,1108,1029,1052]" page="41" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1971">
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:41
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639F02FB97CB6AB146" author="Hoffman" box="[1122,1326,1029,1052]" page="73" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1980">
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:73
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; 1999:29.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639BA7FBB7CFC2B166" author="Shelley" box="[199,390,1061,1084]" page="108" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1996">
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:108
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–112; 2002b:92.
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<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639BF7FBD7CF5AB106" box="[151,286,1093,1116]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Hypozonium</emphasis>
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:62
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639AAFFBD7CCB0B106" author="Cook" box="[463,756,1093,1116]" page="17" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1928">
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:17
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C63999EFBD7CAC0B106" author="Chamberlin" box="[766,1156,1093,1116]" page="187" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1958">
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:187
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639FEEFBD7CB0DB106" author="Buckett" box="[1166,1353,1093,1116]" page="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1964">
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:29
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639E32FBD7CF65B126" author="Jeekel" page="39" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1971">
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:39
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639A4CFBF7CFB0B126" author="Hoffman" box="[300,500,1125,1148]" page="73" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1980">
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:73
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639A9DFBF7CC82B126" author="Kevan" box="[509,710,1125,1148]" page="2962" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1983">
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:2962
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.
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<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639BF7FB17CF45B1C6" box="[151,257,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Euzonium</emphasis>
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:1
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639A9CFB17CDD0B1C6" author="Chamberlin" box="[508,916,1157,1180]" page="187" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1958">
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:187
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C6398C4FB17CA21B1C6" author="Buckett" box="[932,1125,1157,1180]" page="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1964">
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:29
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639F15FB17CB61B1C6" author="Jeekel" box="[1141,1317,1157,1180]" page="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1971">
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:38
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="C03410E2855E5C639E55FB17CF66B1E6" author="Hoffman" page="73" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" year="1980">
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:73
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.
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<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639BF7FB78CF7CB05E" bold="true" box="[151,312,1258,1284]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<typeStatus id="9E2E8851855E5C639BF7FB78CE90B05E" box="[151,212,1258,1284]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86954D70855E5C639A04FB79CF9AB05E" box="[356,478,1259,1284]" class="Diplopoda" family="Hirudisomatidae" genus="Octoglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyzoniida" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639A04FB79CF9AB05E" box="[356,478,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Octoglena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86954D70855E5C639A8CFB79CD55B05E" authority="Wood, 1864" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1864" box="[492,785,1258,1284]" class="Diplopoda" family="Hirudisomatidae" genus="Octoglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyzoniida" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bivirgata">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639A8CFB79CC3DB05E" box="[492,633,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="39827663855E5C639A8CFB79CC40B05E" box="[492,516,1259,1284]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. bivirgata
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25044B02855E5C6399E1FB78CD55B05E" author="Wood" box="[641,785,1258,1284]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" refString="Wood, H. C. (1864) Description of new genera and species of North American MYRIAPODA. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 16, 186 - 187." type="journal article" year="1864">Wood, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy; of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86954D70855E5C639885FB79CA3DB05E" box="[997,1145,1259,1284]" class="Diplopoda" family="Hirudisomatidae" genus="Hypozonium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyzoniida" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639885FB79CA3DB05E" box="[997,1145,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Hypozonium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86954D70855E5C639FE7FB79CBD3B05E" authority="Cook, 1904" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1904" box="[1159,1431,1258,1284]" class="Diplopoda" family="Hirudisomatidae" genus="Hypozonium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyzoniida" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anurum">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639FE7FB79CB42B05E" box="[1159,1286,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">H. anurum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25044B02855E5C639E6CFB78CBD3B05E" author="Cook" box="[1292,1431,1258,1284]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" refString="Cook, O. F. (1904) Myriapoda of northwestern North America. In: Harriman Alaska Expedition, 8 (Insects, pt. 1), 47 - 82." type="journal article" year="1904">Cook, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy; of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86954D70855E5C639A01FA82CF92B073" box="[353,470,1296,1321]" class="Diplopoda" family="Hirudisomatidae" genus="Euzonium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyzoniida" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639A01FA82CF92B073" box="[353,470,1296,1321]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Euzonium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86954D70855E5C639A85FA82CD6FB070" authority="Chamberlin, 1950" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1950" box="[485,811,1296,1322]" class="Diplopoda" family="Hirudisomatidae" genus="Euzonium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyzoniida" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucis">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639A85FA82CC08B073" box="[485,588,1296,1321]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">E. crucis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25044B02855E5C639935FA82CD6FB070" author="Chamberlin" box="[597,811,1296,1322]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1950) Three new genera and eight new species of western millipeds. Chicago Academy of Sciences Natural History Miscellanea, 68, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1950">Chamberlin, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by original designation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="098F6578855E5C609BA6FAA7CF1BB41D" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="412A36F3855E5C639BA6FAA7CFE0B255" blockId="1.[151,1437,1258,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639BA6FAA7CF13B015" bold="true" box="[198,343,1333,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(adapted from the diagnosis in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25044B02855E5C63987CFAA7CDA0B015" author="Shelley" box="[796,996,1333,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" refString="Shelley, R. M. (1996 [1995]) The milliped family Hirudisomatidae in the New World (Polyzoniida). Brimleyana, 23, 103 - 143." type="journal article" year="1996">Shelley (1996))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Dorsum variably colored, either subuniformly pale yellow to white, with three dark longitudinal stripes on both pro- and metazona, or with transverse bands on prozona (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9AE2A76855E5C639967FA12CC14B0C0" box="[519,592,1408,1434]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,270,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[306,1281,197,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[306,1281,197,1707]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Octoglena claraqua holotype. 1, lateral view of entire specimen showing color pattern. 2, ventrolateral view of entire specimen showing recumbent gonopod complex. 3, the same of anterior end; ag, anterior gonopods, pg, posterior gonopods. 4, anterior view of head, antennae, and collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195064/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsum convex and glabrous, smooth or lightly granular. Prozona relatively long, elevated above and extending entire widths of metaterga, strictures distinct, ridged; paranota absent; caudal metatergal margins detached from succeeding tergites, elevated and upturned to varying degrees; body broad (W/L ratio varying from 27–38%), flattened "bell-shaped" in profile, sides extending strongly laterad. Head strongly pyriform (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9AE2A76855E5C6399EBF987CC97B375" box="[651,723,1557,1583]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,270,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[306,1281,197,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[306,1281,197,1707]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Octoglena claraqua holotype. 1, lateral view of entire specimen showing color pattern. 2, ventrolateral view of entire specimen showing recumbent gonopod complex. 3, the same of anterior end; ag, anterior gonopods, pg, posterior gonopods. 4, anterior view of head, antennae, and collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195064/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) with fine, light setation; three ocelli on each side arranged linearly in pigmented, diverging rows arising at level of antennal sockets and extending onto epicranium; antennae and antennomeres relatively short, becoming progressively more hirsute distad. Collum broad, overhanging epicranium and at least one pair of ocelli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9AE2A76855E5C63985CF917CDCCB3C5" box="[828,904,1669,1695]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,270,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[306,1281,197,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[306,1281,197,1707]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Octoglena claraqua holotype. 1, lateral view of entire specimen showing color pattern. 2, ventrolateral view of entire specimen showing recumbent gonopod complex. 3, the same of anterior end; ag, anterior gonopods, pg, posterior gonopods. 4, anterior view of head, antennae, and collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195064/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
); telson either broad and comprising nearly entire caudal width, or relatively narrow and comprising around half of breadth. Sterna moderately broad, opposing coxae separated in midline. Legs lightly hirsute, extending to lateral margins of body, podomeres small, claws indistinct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="412A36F3855E5C609BA4F888CA20B478" blockId="1.[151,1437,1258,2031]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,152,700]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Gonopods
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855E5C639A26F889CFD4B26E" box="[326,400,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
either upright and directed subventrad or recumbent and directed anteriad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9AE2A76855E5C639E7AF888CBCAB26E" box="[1306,1422,1818,1844]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="3.[151,270,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[306,1281,197,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[306,1281,197,1707]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Octoglena claraqua holotype. 1, lateral view of entire specimen showing color pattern. 2, ventrolateral view of entire specimen showing recumbent gonopod complex. 3, the same of anterior end; ag, anterior gonopods, pg, posterior gonopods. 4, anterior view of head, antennae, and collum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195064/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior gonopods either curving submediad and overhanging sternal lobes or upright and lying parallel to latter; sterna with strong, rounded, apically hirsute lobes segregated to varying degrees; ultimate podomeres either in form of calyx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9AE2A76855E5C639AAAF818CC5CB2FE" box="[458,536,1930,1956]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,269,993,1017]" captionTargetBox="[605,971,306,965]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[604,983,306,972]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Octoglena claraqua, somatic and gonopodal features. 5, telson and segments 25 – 27, dashed line denotes the area of the paraprocts and anus; scale line = 0.5 mm. 6, left anterior gonopod and sternum, anterior view. 7, right gonopods, caudal view. 8, right posterior gonopod, sublateral view. 25 – 28, segment numbers. Scale line for fig. 5 = 0.5 mm; line for figs. 6 – 8 = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195065/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) or divided, with broad, hirsute, ventral lobes of varying sizes usually overhanging glabrous, dorsal counterparts, latter either short, broad, and apically blunt, curved slightly ventrad, and directed anteriomediad, or long, narrow, and acuminate, slightly sinuate and directed sublaterad; corners of 4th and 5th podomeres either extended on caudal sides or latter with variably broad, curvilinear or sinuate projection (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9AE2A76855D5C609AE1FF2FCF8FB58D" box="[385,459,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,269,993,1017]" captionTargetBox="[605,971,306,965]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[604,983,306,972]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Octoglena claraqua, somatic and gonopodal features. 5, telson and segments 25 – 27, dashed line denotes the area of the paraprocts and anus; scale line = 0.5 mm. 6, left anterior gonopod and sternum, anterior view. 7, right gonopods, caudal view. 8, right posterior gonopod, sublateral view. 25 – 28, segment numbers. Scale line for fig. 5 = 0.5 mm; line for figs. 6 – 8 = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195065/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
); coxae with or without hirsute lobes, lengths variable. Posterior gonopods with ultimate podomeres simple and acicular, apically acuminate, fimbriate, angled, or lightly hirsute, projecting anteriad between dorsal and ventral lobes of anterior gonopod ultimate podomeres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="412A36F3855D5C609BA6FEBFCF1BB41D" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,700]" box="[198,351,301,327]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855D5C609BA6FEBFCF65B41D" bold="true" box="[198,289,301,327]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Species</emphasis>
|
||
. Six.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="098F6578855D5C609BA6FEC0CDCAB7E6" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="412A36F3855D5C609BA6FEC0CCFCB77D" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855D5C609BA6FEC0CF23B436" bold="true" box="[198,359,338,364]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The Pacific Coast of North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="39827663855D5C6099A2FEC0CD63B436" box="[706,807,338,364]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
from the vicinity of Vancouver (city), BC, to Santa Cruz Co., California, extending inland to the western slope of the Cascade Mountains from BC to central Oregon and the eastern slope of the Coast Range in southern Oregon and California, with localized, allopatric species some 74 and
|
||
<quantity id="866D9B16855D5C609AFFFE50CFB2B486" box="[415,502,450,476]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1499008" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="mi" value="320.0">320 mi</quantity>
|
||
(120 and
|
||
<quantity id="866D9B16855D5C609915FE50CC91B486" box="[629,725,450,476]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="km" value="512.0">512 km</quantity>
|
||
) to the east in California and the Idaho Panhandle, and a widespread species in the southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="39827663855D5C6099E9FE7ACCF4B758" box="[649,688,488,514]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
extending from westcentral South Carolina to southcentral Tennessee and northwestern Alabama (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9AE2A76855D5C609902FD9FCCEEB77D" box="[610,682,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="7.[151,255,769,793]" captionTargetBox="[510,1077,197,743]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[510,1077,197,743]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 9. Distribution of Hirudisomatidae in North America and the Western Hemisphere. Star, Mexiconium and M. absidatum; dot, Octoglena sierra; triangle, Octoglena claraqua; outlined areas, Octoglena spp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195066/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="412A36F3855D5C609BA6FDA0CDCAB7E6" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Occurring along the Pacific Coast and in the southeastern states, the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86954D70855D5C609FDBFDA0CB3BB716" box="[1211,1407,562,588]" class="Diplopoda" family="Hirudisomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyzoniida" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hirudisomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is congruent with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86954D70855D5C609ACAFDCACD6CB728" authority="(Platydesmida)" baseAuthorityName="Platydesmida" box="[426,808,600,626]" class="Diplopoda" family="Andrognathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Platydesmida" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Andrognathidae (Platydesmida)</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25044B02855D5C609859FDCACA66B728" author="Shelley" box="[825,1058,600,626]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" refString="Shelley, R. M., McAllister, C. T., and Tanabe, T. (2005) A synopsis of the milliped genus Brachycybe Wood, 1864 (Platydesmida: Andrognathidae). Fragmenta Faunistica, 48 (2), 137 - 166." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Shelley
|
||
<emphasis id="73E1EAE1855D5C6098FCFDCACD95B72B" box="[924,977,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which also occurs in northern Idaho (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25044B02855D5C609B8EFDEFCFDBB7CD" author="Gardner" box="[238,415,637,663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Gardner, M. R. (1975 [1974]) Revision of the millipede family Andrognathidae in the Nearctic region. Memoirs of the Pacific Coast Entomological Society, 5, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1975">Gardner 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25044B02855D5C609ACCFDEFCC22B7CD" author="Hoffman" box="[428,614,637,663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refString="Hoffman, R. L. (1999) Checklist of the millipeds of North and Middle America. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication, 8, 1 - 584." type="journal article" year="1999">Hoffman 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Discovery of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="86954D70855D5C609846FDEFCDB0B7CD" box="[806,1012,637,663]" class="Diplopoda" family="Hirudisomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyzoniida" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hirudisomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the latter is thus not surprising because congruence in the first two areas is matched in the third.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |