342 lines
28 KiB
XML
342 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944" ID-GBIF-Dataset="55363ec2-c6f9-401f-9da6-40d409e15f3e" ID-PMC="PMC7835193" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1011-73" ID-Pensoft-UUID="63A73C613D00523B83012E9A6F0578E4" ID-PubMed="33551651" ID-ZooBank="8CCD5721D1FE47F2BBEC08D80E4ACA22" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1011-73" checkinTime="1611008257441" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cambra, Roberto A., Queiros, Caroline Nepomuceno, Deus, Jean P. Alves De, Williams, Kevin A., Bartholomay, Pedro R., Iantas, Jucelia, Nether, Michele C., Nishida, Kenji, Anino, Yostin J., Saavedra, Daisy & Buschini, Maria L. Tunes" docDate="2021" docId="A4C903A6E70B50A5B5ABC76BE30B9968" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1011: 73-84" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1011" docPubDate="2021-01-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944" docTitle="Xystromutilla bucki Suarez 1960" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="63A73C613D00523B83012E9A6F0578E4" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="63A73C613D00523B83012E9A6F0578E4" masterDocTitle="Description of the male of Xystromutilla bucki Suarez, 1960 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae), including new information on the biology of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="73" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1668149721301" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Description of the male of Xystromutilla bucki Suarez, 1960 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae), including new information on the biology of the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Cambra, Roberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Museo de Invertebrados G. B. Fairchild, Estafeta Universitaria Apartado 00017, Universidad de Panama, Panama 0824, Panama</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cambramiup60@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Queiros, Caroline Nepomuceno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Biologia e Ecologia de Vespas e Abelhas, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa 03, Vila Carli, 85040 - 080, Guarapuava, Parana, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Deus, Jean P. Alves De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Biologia e Ecologia de Vespas e Abelhas, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa 03, Vila Carli, 85040 - 080, Guarapuava, Parana, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Williams, Kevin A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, California Department of Food & Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bartholomay, Pedro R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-6455</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlantica, Av. Jose Ruschi n ° 4, Santa Teresa, Espirito Santo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Iantas, Jucelia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Centro Universitario de Uniao da Vitoria - UNIUV - Avenida Bento Munhoz da Rocha Neto, 3856,84600 - 000, Uniao da Vitoria (PR), Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Nether, Michele C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal do Parana, Campus Pontal do Parana, Centro de Estudos do Mar Avenida Beira-mar, s / n CEP: 83255976 Pontal do Sul, Pontal do Parana, Parana, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nishida, Kenji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Collaborator, Museo de Zoologia, Universidad de Costa Rica; and Estacion Biologica Monteverde (EBM), Monteverde, Puntarenas, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anino, Yostin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8870-8155</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Museo de Invertebrados G. B. Fairchild, Estafeta Universitaria Apartado 00017, Universidad de Panama, Panama 0824, Panama</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">yostin0660@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Saavedra, Daisy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Museo de Invertebrados G. B. Fairchild, Estafeta Universitaria Apartado 00017, Universidad de Panama, Panama 0824, Panama</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Buschini, Maria L. Tunes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Biologia e Ecologia de Vespas e Abelhas, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa 03, Vila Carli, 85040 - 080, Guarapuava, Parana, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-01-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1011</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>73</mods:start>
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<mods:end>84</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1011-73</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8CCD5721D1FE47F2BBEC08D80E4ACA22</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">63A73C613D00523B83012E9A6F0578E4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="177006846" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A4C903A6E70B50A5B5ABC76BE30B9968" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4C903A6E70B50A5B5ABC76BE30B9968" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName LSID="A4C903A6-E70B-50A5-B5AB-C76BE30B9968" authority="Suarez, 1960" authorityName="Suarez" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Xystromutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystromutilla bucki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bucki">
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Xystromutilla bucki
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Suárez">Suarez</normalizedToken>
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, 1960
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figs 1-8</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Suarez" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Xystromutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystromutilla bucki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bucki">Xystromutilla bucki</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Suárez">Suarez</normalizedToken>
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, 1960: 453-455, ♀, holotype, Porto Alegre, [Rio Grande do Sul], Brasil, 19.iii.1952, P. Buck (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Colección">Coleccion</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Suárez">Suarez</normalizedToken>
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; now in Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Male</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1-6</figureCitation>
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). This species can be recognized by its unique coloration, wherein the meso-metathorax, propodeum and first metasomal segment are orange-red; wings subhyaline. The following morphological characters are also useful for diagnosis: head with simple setae; mandible ventrally with a strong basal tooth; sternum 1 without a spine; hypopygium posterior margin with a small denticle medially; paramere almost straight and cuspis finger-shaped. Other described males of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Xystromutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystromutilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Xystromutilla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have black integument, fore wings partly or totally fuscous, sternum 1 with a basal spine, hypopygium with medial spine on the apical margin, paramere lyre-shaped and cuspis elongate spoon-shaped. These morphological characters are not present in males of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. bucki" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="bucki">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">X. bucki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Female</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">8</figureCitation>
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). Head, pronotum and metasomal segment 1 orange-red, rest of metasoma black; head with simple setae only; humeral angles of pronotum rounded, not carinate; integument of basal half of tergum 2 without carinae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figures 1–8" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figures 1-8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Suarez" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Xystromutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystromutilla bucki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bucki">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Xystromutilla bucki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1-6</emphasis>
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male:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2</emphasis>
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lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">3</emphasis>
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right wings
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4</emphasis>
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genitalia, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">5</emphasis>
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genitalia, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">6</emphasis>
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penis valve, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">7, 8</emphasis>
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female:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">7</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">8</emphasis>
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lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Male</emphasis>
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(hitherto unknown). (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Body length</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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10.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Body Color</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Integument black, except apical half of mandible, meso-metathorax, propodeum and first metasomal segment orange-red; tibial spurs white; wings subhyaline, without infuscated area; head, pronotum, mesoscutum and scutellum with long, semierect simple black setae; meso-metapleura and propodeum mostly with long, semierect simple pale white setae; fore legs mostly with simple black setae, mid and hind legs mostly with simple pale white setae and few black setae; metasomal segments one and two with long semierect simple pale white setae, posterior margin of metasomal segment 2 with dense and decumbent band of plumose white setae; metasomal segments 3 to 7 with long, semierect black setae, posterior margins of metasomal segments 3 and 4 with decumbent plumose black setae mostly hidden by simple setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Head</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Rectangular in dorsal view, frons, vertex and gena with medium-sized, very close punctures; distance between eye margin and lateral ocellus 2.77
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as diameter of ocellus; flagellomere I 1.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pedicel length; flagellomere II 2.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pedicel length; clypeus bidentate medially on anterior margin; mandible apically obliquely tridentate, ventrally with a strong tooth near base.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum and mesopleuron with medium-sized, contiguous punctures, metapleuron impunctate; tegula glabrous, except anterior and inner margins setigerously punctate; propodeum totally reticulate; notaulus incomplete, not reaching anterior margin of mesoscutum; scutellum convex; fore wing (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">3</figureCitation>
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) with two submarginal cells; coxae without denticle, tubercle or carina.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Metasoma</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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First segment petiolate, tergum 1 dorsal face 1.47
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide; tergum 1-2 and sternum 2 and 7 mostly with medium-sized close punctures; metasomal segments 3-6 with small, close punctures; tergum 7 basal half with small punctures, apical half mostly without punctures; sternum 1 without a spine near base, with two longitudinal carinae diverging posteriorly; hypopygium posterior margin not straight, with a small denticle medially.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Genitalia</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Parameres (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">5</figureCitation>
|
||
) almost straight, not lyre-shaped; basal half in lateral view broad, distal half gradually narrowing toward apex and slightly curved upwards, ending in a sharp point; dorsal surface with five long setae at end of basal broad half; very short sparse setae elsewhere; digitus and cuspis (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">5</figureCitation>
|
||
) finger-shaped, digitus with inconspicuous and sparse setae, cuspis laterally flattened with dense long setae on inner surface; penial valve (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 8. Xystromutilla bucki 1 - 6 male: 1 dorsal view 2 lateral view 3 right wings 4 genitalia, dorsal view 5 genitalia, ventral view 6 penis valve, lateral view 7, 8 female: 7 dorsal view 8 lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1011.60944.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/498659" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) with an apical tooth and preapical projection with blunt apex, apical dorsal edge with five long setae and near to base of preapical projection with six long setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Brazil:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Santa Catarina</emphasis>
|
||
: Porto
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="União">Uniao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, nest 371 (1) (5 mm hole diameter), 13.i.2012-14.ii.2012, J. Iantas, 1 ♀ (MIUP) (reared from nest of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dreisbach" authorityYear="1963" class="Hexapoda" family="Pompilidae" genus="Auplopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Auplopus subaurarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaurarius">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Auplopus subaurarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dreisbach, 1963).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Rio Grande do Sul</emphasis>
|
||
: Cambara do Sul, Itaimbezinho, 10.iii.2000, col. R. da Cunha, 1 ♀ (MIUP); Guaiba, 116 - km 307, col. F.V. Borges: 15.i.1998, 1 ♂ (MIUP); 30.ix.1999, 1 ♂ (MIUP);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Francisco de Paula, CPCN Pro-Mata, col. B. Harter: 4.viii.1997, 1 ♂ (MIUP); 6.i.1998, 1 ♂ (MIUP).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Turvo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-25.031944">25°01'55"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-51.531387">51°31'53"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, col. M.C. Nether: 22.xii.2012, 2 ♂ (nest 223) (MIUP); 22.ii.2013, 1 ♂ (nest 552) (MIUP); Guarapuava,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-25.365278">25°21'55"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-51.46611">51°27'58"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24.i.2013, col M.C. Nether, 1 ♂ (nest 447) (MIUP); Guarapuava,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="09.7" value="-25.402695">25°24'09.7"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="45.5" value="-51.41264">51°24'45.5"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 11.iii.2019, col. C. Queiros and J. De Deus, 6 ♂, 1 ♀ (nests 353, 460) (UNICENTRO); Guarapuava,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-25.65">25°39'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-51.7">51°42'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 10.v.2019, col. C. Queiros and J. De Deus, 1 ♀ (nest 365) (UNICENTRO)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Brazil (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
This is the first record of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="family">Pompilidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a host of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Xystromutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystromutilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Xystromutilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the Araucaria forest fragments, 66 trap-nests of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dreisbach" authorityYear="1963" class="Hexapoda" family="Pompilidae" genus="Auplopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Auplopus subaurarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaurarius">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Auplopus subaurarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dreisbach were examined. Of these nests,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. bucki" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="bucki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">X. bucki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
parasitized three of them, all of which were in bamboo, 1.3 cm in diameter and 18.2 cm in length. One of the nests had nine cells, six of which were parasitized by
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Xystromutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystromutilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Xystromutilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(five males and one female emerged) and two by
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Viereck" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Photocryptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Photocryptus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Photocryptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1837" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cryptinae">Cryptinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The other two parasitized nests contained one cell each, from which emerged a male and a female. Therefore, six males and two females emerged in total from the nests. The males were larger bodied with average head width 0.3 mm (n = 6; SD = 0.01 mm) and the females 0.2 mm (n = 2; SD = 0.06 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
|
||
We found in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Suarez" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Xystromutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xystromutilla bucki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bucki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Xystromutilla bucki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that the average time between nest collection and adult wasp emergence, for seven of the eight specimens reared, was 265 days (n = 7; SD = 4.2 days), with immatures exhibiting diapause at the prepupal stage (6 males, 1 female). Only one female (from the one-celled nest) did not enter into diapause, but rather emerged 11 days after nest collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |