335 lines
40 KiB
XML
335 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="C754FB3CF08D52330DC3D684FA3429FA" ID-CLB-Dataset="35745" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.571.5983" ID-GBIF-Dataset="424d6f5e-cf9f-408f-88d5-95e7a1a916fc" ID-PMC="PMC4829807" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-571-153" ID-PubMed="27110164" ID-ZooBank="A5ABAD5A7F3146FBA7319A60A4AA9B83" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-571-153" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 571" ModsDocTitle="A new large species of Myloplus (Characiformes, Serrasalmidae) from the Rio Madeira basin, Brazil" checkinTime="1457426232102" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Andrade, Marcelo C., Jegu, Michel & Giarrizzo, Tommaso" docDate="2016" docId="1C2198EE694291A6611EE71B4F02B955" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 571: 153-167" docOrigin="ZooKeys 571" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.571.5983" docTitle="Myloplus zorroi Andrade, Jegu & Giarrizzo, 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="DE77D64E-F9F7-4361-9741-B1E69ECF570B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="4F39C660FF99FFBB2667B55AFFCD952F" masterDocTitle="A new large species of Myloplus (Characiformes, Serrasalmidae) from the Rio Madeira basin, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="167" masterPageNumber="153" pageNumber="154" updateTime="1701378985064" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="0470ADB70FA79B05D5D96506A6A94041">A new large species of Myloplus (Characiformes, Serrasalmidae) from the Rio Madeira basin, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="78F7AFFE609895BEAE5EFFEFF124C4FC">Andrade, Marcelo C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="16B389CA603C593D28C2CD4C004E57CB">Jegu, Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="49388499C7BBA85487501C22620228F6">Giarrizzo, Tommaso</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1CFFF0259E808782330F88434A925D5A">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="90CD0F4CE98DA15EA5FC0C96078EE92B">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:url id="C66BC0B0F1B09616B7AB0C3601BD8964">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.571.5983</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="565922560A311F0778B69C6A48FF7CCD">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8944DFF067AB62F1E80AFFBA58717F70" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.571.5983</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1C2198EE694291A6611EE71B4F02B955" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127860630" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DE77D64E-F9F7-4361-9741-B1E69ECF570B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C2198EE694291A6611EE71B4F02B955" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="1" pageNumber="154">
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<subSubSection id="7007C3B30D9F2E4C2ED73BE9724D4046" pageId="1" pageNumber="154" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="EC9A4285CD7036A35D8494C070DE2FCD" pageId="1" pageNumber="154">Taxon classification Animalia Characiformes Serrasalmidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="401BD5C658826B7DD227B3EA9D38C10D" pageId="1" pageNumber="154" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A06588C8B9F64531E81B0BE0DB956CBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="154">
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<taxonomicName id="B6105D5C6BC44C472A97E514C7FBEF09" ID-CoL="4547W" LSID="http://zoobank.org/DE77D64E-F9F7-4361-9741-B1E69ECF570B" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="154" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C3DF511E36567E2DD69F6FB3E84B68F" pageId="1" pageNumber="154">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 1a, b; 2and 4a, b, c; Table 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3E2458E6E1DF39469D06E677F91BF817" pageId="1" pageNumber="154" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="A1C062AD3995FDD919FDCC77DD8839D1" pageId="1" pageNumber="154">
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<taxonomicName id="6882B80E24AC6C67B13034263E3AC3FC" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Tometes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tometes" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="154" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tometes</taxonomicName>
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sp.:
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<bibRefCitation id="55A64024BE60BA3F03B32F6F7FDBAC80" author="Camargo, M" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="12" pageNumber="165" pagination="291 - 296" title="Fish, Marmelos Conservation Area (BX 044), Madeira River basin, states of Amazonas and Rondonia, Brazil." url="10.15560/3.4.291" volume="3" year="2007">Camargo and Giarrizzo 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 294 [Checklist of fish species of the Marmelos Conservation Area (BX044)].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5C15D8BF3A4B18E8BB097562C79D35D2" pageId="1" pageNumber="154" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="3A4F051402569D7CD3760BE7F1EA42DE" pageId="1" pageNumber="154">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E921C4EF600CA24EA8DBAC70F0BE85E" pageId="1" pageNumber="154">
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INPA 50880 (326.2 mm SL), Amazonas,
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<normalizedToken id="EAE78A2CB7C8A15450E8C1DC89241B35" originalValue="Apuí">Apui</normalizedToken>
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, Corredeira dos Periquitos, Rio
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<normalizedToken id="B4F4C718C442BBA3B0601D97FB1B94F6" originalValue="Aripuanã">Aripuana</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="CC2B52A5B648FA37C09FFA4A8294C638" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-7.288833">07°17'19.8"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="3EC0636ACF64600905499186668D4B83" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-60.636112">60°38'10.0"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 19 November 2014, Machado V. N. et al.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="05A058A3E80908F7DAEC05F1B7D93908" pageId="1" pageNumber="154">
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Paratypes. All from Brazil. INPA 50868 (3 specimens 183.8-339.5 mm SL), collected with holotype. MPEG 30680 (1 specimen 351.1 mm SL), Mato Grosso,
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<normalizedToken id="6BA32514520EF915999E897CAD39C206" originalValue="Aripuanã">Aripuana</normalizedToken>
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, downstream of Salto de Dardanelos, Rio
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<normalizedToken id="7EF3047CDCDE2607DE9151599D1B9E94" originalValue="Aripuanã">Aripuana</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="396A9B49A3DC279ABFB3F616B45C00E6" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-10.162916">10°09'46.5"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="D79717512DC27C7E4CBA7F09125D64BC" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-59.448586">59°26'54.9"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 12 December 2014, V. Machado. MPEG 30663 (1 specimen 244.5 mm SL), INPA 48546 (1 specimen 249.9 mm SL), and ZUEC 10776, (1 specimen 246.5 mm SL), Brazil, Amazonas, Novo
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<normalizedToken id="121C27C5DAFA3D1C7E4C657904B17852" originalValue="Aripuanã">Aripuana</normalizedToken>
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, Parque Nacional dos Campos
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<normalizedToken id="4EC423DAA8990FCD0C11D8B52ECED304" originalValue="Amazônicos">Amazonicos</normalizedToken>
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, Rio Roosevelt, Madeira Basin,
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<geoCoordinate id="05856DB2CE10F3CE729E3CF6F9311234" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-8.1975">8°11'51"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="674B91DAB656A1932EE764C6506ED67F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-60.972">60°58'19.2"W</geoCoordinate>
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, October 2003, M.
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<normalizedToken id="82BFBF40616DDB229EBF6CF827D99133" originalValue="Camargo–Zorro">Camargo-Zorro</normalizedToken>
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& T. Giarrizzo.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1F8AEB5E05D2FD0AC56BFCA6417623DD" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="CECDC112750914567F5DD15EA17EE1EE" pageId="2" pageNumber="155">
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<pageBreakToken id="232BF5DFCD663328D301076D4362EFF5" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2654A27F92AD9BD393DDDE15B415E348" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="2" pageNumber="155">
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<taxonomicName id="7673261DEDF0769B27B9CF6811E9E5EC" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. can be distinguished from its congeners by the absence of abdominal keel and the prepelvic serrae formed by 13-19 low spines (Fig. 2), in contrast to a well-marked abdominal keel and prepelvic serrae of more than 20 high spines. The new species is distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="A405F335FCF521CE7DC2804BC217B45E" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus asterias" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asterias">Myloplus asterias</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8A097E28DA7EA1FED3BCD7F9FC5CFDA6" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus levis" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levis">Myloplus levis</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="FCEBA32FC9501AD1F708AB4F53780C6C" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus torquatus" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torquatus">Myloplus torquatus</taxonomicName>
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by the presences of fewer branched dorsal-fin rays (20-22 versus 23 or greater), and from
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<taxonomicName id="417935B334F4ADB4D2291ED486E5531D" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus arnoldi" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arnoldi">Myloplus arnoldi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B1BF481D28C1A348CDA648FDB0446133" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus ternetzi" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ternetzi">Myloplus ternetzi</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="1B4965A33289231832D382F22CF06B40" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus torquatus" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torquatus">Myloplus torquatus</taxonomicName>
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by having a greater number of branched anal-fin rays (32-34 versus 31 or fewer).
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<taxonomicName id="F9CA192203E68490137A22DEF6B6D0B8" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
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differs significantly from
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<taxonomicName id="F1225BF465348438796D9ABA5EAD4A89" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus lobatus" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lobatus">Myloplus lobatus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="29D1C7D14D24E837E0FA369F5D37AD6D" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus schomburgkii" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schomburgkii">Myloplus schomburgkii</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="72C4A6A92FFE5F17413FF5A3EA236B04" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus rhomboidalis" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhomboidalis">Myloplus rhomboidalis</taxonomicName>
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by having two rows of premaxillary
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<pageBreakToken id="4B8C3B91D97EA3C9256A382F0FF33CB6" pageId="3" pageNumber="156" start="start">teeth</pageBreakToken>
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forming a slight arc (e.g., Fig. 3a) versus two rows of premaxillary teeth forming a shape that resembles the uppercase letter
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<normalizedToken id="FADDF784C2B85989BE2E0D6F31BE7DA5" originalValue="“A”">"A"</normalizedToken>
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(Fig. 3b). The shorter dorsal-fin base (27.6-30.1% of SL versus 31.8% of SL or higher), and the larger interdorsal distance (11.4-12.7% of SL versus 10.8% of SL or lower) are useful to distinguish
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<taxonomicName id="1D0029504BB1BF7A8C992523C35B2B8B" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
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<pageBreakToken id="0BF5502E175C27125F900B35BFC5C190" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
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<taxonomicName id="FB923F909A53C765FB4102991889E97F" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus asterias" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asterias">Myloplus asterias</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="83DE8D0CFC5C4816D0F6A557E5A02476" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus levis" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levis">Myloplus levis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="737849817918676D842BCE7DF2CEC755" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus ternetzi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ternetzi">Myloplus ternetzi</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="5C847CC3FE21F7208F33D2591DDC6EC7" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus torquatus" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torquatus">Myloplus torquatus</taxonomicName>
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. Furthermore, the new species differs from
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<taxonomicName id="A17AED981382EE12B23C704DEC816910" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus ternetzi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ternetzi">Myloplus ternetzi</taxonomicName>
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||
by the presence of a pair of symphyseal teeth versus their absence. The smaller vertical diameter of the eye (27.3-35.4% of HL versus 35.5% of HL or greater) separates
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<taxonomicName id="99476E0C7E7F56C87482829E96950958" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="12DC2FCC560F42270D5932C0926FC3C4" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus arnoldi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arnoldi">Myloplus arnoldi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="DB17FB815BF14972B81FED2FD663FD46" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus asterias" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asterias">Myloplus asterias</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="28186635AD6E6A92B61A8FBF4261BA3A" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus levis" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levis">Myloplus levis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="0CF55FB41EB4499C81308D7DE4C196C4" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus lobatus" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lobatus">Myloplus lobatus</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="58D6B4F5D3DD229CF285030B0D2AB3F0" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus ternetzi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ternetzi">Myloplus ternetzi</taxonomicName>
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.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="846F618EEA98F6A86003F68560A4849B" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
is additionally distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="90E4CB1B4775BF30F3BF3DE561C6A51E" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus arnoldi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arnoldi">Myloplus arnoldi</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB0E41BCD9D8B29BC043C6F3201128B8" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus torquatus" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torquatus">Myloplus torquatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a greater number of total vertebrae (40-41 versus 37 or less), by having anterior dorsal-fin rays lacking pigmentation (versus strongly dark pigmented anterior dorsal-fin rays in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26286088E989E52154C23BAF016907C3" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus arnoldi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arnoldi">Myloplus arnoldi</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the presence of a diffuse dark band at caudal-fin distal border (versus the presence of a well-defined dark band in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E0D4290F40F1D0EAD4293E4AD8B399A9" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus arnoldi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arnoldi">Myloplus arnoldi</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The elongated fontanel with similarly sized anterior and posterior portions (versus very short posterior fontanel and rounded anterior fontanel) further distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E798F4D846F69075D217B798BC9945A1" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87AB97E75B79D63C78B8F30D5171D52A" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus asterias" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asterias">Myloplus asterias</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C5324F46097DECA5BA88833D7944134E" pageId="4" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<paragraph id="45615E5C5194A2E460450E96204154EC" pageId="4" pageNumber="157">
|
||
Figure 1.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="056B8F9C97C479BB47E84B6923383547" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a new species from Rio Madeira Basin. A holotype, INPA 50880, female 326.2 mm SLB paratype, INPA 50868, male 339.5 mm SL. (Photographs by D. Bastos)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="1381BE3B45B55E0987FD96F2D5966CF9" pageId="4" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<paragraph id="90EF3F9412177DE998D73E5201D13C30" pageId="4" pageNumber="157">
|
||
Figure 2. Prepelvic area of abdomen in ventral view of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="323B92F0691009B772FB4EB09048A57D" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Paratype, MPEG 30663, male, 244.5 mm SL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="EDAE5AF2C1FC2AF26B19325141ACCDF8" pageId="4" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<paragraph id="1ED408B4E2B0D383062B0AFC61772E42" pageId="4" pageNumber="157">
|
||
Figure 3. Ventral view of skeletonized premaxilla. A
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58B91FEDBC4A1B789677EF481D3D5F8A" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus rubripinnis" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubripinnis">Myloplus rubripinnis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, GEA 1301, 278 mm SLB
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF3775D7675C77FD629308D4111B3CE8" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus rhomboidalis" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhomboidalis">Myloplus rhomboidalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, GEA 1500, 280 mm SL. Scale bars: 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D96297D1CA813AD3173DFCF1702E1E7D" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="4" pageNumber="157" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F6C6FC50D9DF929940B6A47C5862203" pageId="4" pageNumber="157">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9C4866089BA20AB72D0392BF113F0A09" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="158" pageId="4" pageNumber="157">
|
||
Morphometric data is presented in Table 1. Body laterally compressed, ovoid profile, greatest body depth at dorsal-fin origin (Fig. 1a, b). Dorsal profile of head distinctly convex from upper lip to vertical through anterior nares, nearly concave or gently straight from that point to distal margin of supraoccipital spine, and distinctly convex
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="ACFF50634A7B8FE8EED67F4667733BB0" pageId="5" pageNumber="158" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
|
||
that point to dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal-fin base slightly convex. Profile straight from dorsal-fin terminus to adipose-fin origin. Ventral profile of head slightly concave; ventral profile of body distinctly convex. Caudal peduncle relatively short, profile of lower caudal peduncle slightly concave. Anal-fin base distinctly convex at its basal third.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="FC36639F843F4DE49A7091A26D148C07" ID-Table-UUID="FC36639F843F4DE49A7091A26D148C07" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FC36639F843F4DE49A7091A26D148C07" pageId="5" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<paragraph id="CF2AC70814FAFF6261B58B5178A23516" pageId="5" pageNumber="158">
|
||
Table 1. Morphometric data of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A9D1FF57B620C070E190927A7063B13" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="158" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(N = 8). Range values include the holotype. SD = standard deviation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="7956D67DEC8D6625A7E129B0A069D38D" pageId="5" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<table id="C3C2494B742FE5A00F024E1808730FA1" pageId="5" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<tr id="C3EDC72D4821E6F78ACD2C7368FE2841" pageId="5" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<th id="17C8E5AEF4936F409F046DFCC4B0878E" colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="158" rowspan="1">Holotype</th>
|
||
<th id="C5FE3CF062E1DA54E9BE801672AF85B0" colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="158" rowspan="1">Range</th>
|
||
<th id="CA57F12D194099CA9BD1D19FF3984A3D" colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="158" rowspan="1">Mean</th>
|
||
<th id="9103E1F6450C54B250FE824BE7C557DB" colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="158" rowspan="1">
|
||
<abbrev id="6C0506F7315B581FD141B30D6DDF39A5" pageId="5" pageNumber="158">SD</abbrev>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7AA1B84FCBDC899F00A012B294398AED" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="5" pageNumber="158">
|
||
Snout gently rounded, mouth terminal, slightly oriented dorsally; jaws equal in size. Labial row of premaxillary teeth separated from lingual row by a gap; five teeth in labial row and two teeth in lingual row (Fig. 4a). Premaxillary and dentary teeth molariform. Premaxillary teeth 1-3 of labial row with sharp edges, concave in lateral view, contralateral labial series separated by distinct gap, molariform teeth 1-2 with oval base, broad anteroposteriorly, molariform tooth 3 base rounded (Fig. 4a); 4 and 5 with elongate base anteroposteriorly, distinctly concave in lateral view, and cutting edge slightly curved internally. Premaxillary teeth 1'-2' of lingual row with base somewhat trapezoidal, with cutting edge curved, and concave labial face. Dentary with 5 (2) or 6* (6) teeth, first tricuspid, 2-5 bicuspid, anterior cusp largest. Symphyseal tooth posterior to main series present. Symphyseal teeth with blade-shaped anterior margin (Fig. 4b). Maxillary edentulous. First branchial arch with gill rakers elongated, stiff, and recurved.
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="8BD313A150EC1C8EA685F79715F1BA67" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" start="start">Epibranchial</pageBreakToken>
|
||
gill rakers 10 (1), 11 (1), or 13 (1). Ceratobranchial gill rakers 14 (1), 15 (1), or 18 (1); one gill raker at cartilage between ceratobranchial and epibranchial.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C4C3EEB777FC8B57F5939783DCD029B3" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<paragraph id="144208D2B933958AFD052EA900F08A53" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
|
||
Figure 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BC4C6B9C855743E96C9126CD3F2B98FB" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a new species from Rio Roosevelt, Madeira Basin. Paratype, ZUEC 10776, male, 246.5 mm SL. A Premaxilla in ventral view, molariform teeth, labial and lingual rows interspaced B Dentary view C Premaxilla in lateral view. 1-5: Labial row of premaxillary teeth; 1'-2': Lingual row of premaxillary teeth; gap: Gap between the labial and lingual rows of the premaxillary teeth; sy: Symphyseal tooth; pmx: Premaxilla; ap: Ascending process of the premaxilla. Dashed line: premaxilla contour. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="6EB252B2FDE726618C020016962A7536" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">Scales cycloid, lateral line with 80 (1), 81 (3), 82 (2), or 83* (2) perforated imbricate scales from supracleithrum to hypural joint; total perforated scales 85 (1), 86 (2), 87 (1), 88* (2), or 89 (2). Scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line 39 (1), 40* (3), 41 (2), or 42 (2). Scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin insertion 36 (2), 38* (2), 39 (2), 40 (1), or 42 (1). Circumpeduncular scales 34 (1), 35* (3), or 36 (4). Prepelvic serrae with 13 (1), 17 (2), 18 (2), or 19* (3) very reduced spines (Fig. 2), 8 (2), 9* (4), or 10 (2) simple postpelvic spines, and 5 (1), 6* (6), or 7 (1) double postpelvic spines. Total spines 28 (1), 31 (2), 33 (1), 34* (3), or 35 (1).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D27CA0FA1989EC34B4D22D45B7491AB" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="8CF47C89C6CD577ACE53A4904A4FDDBD" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" start="start">Pectoral-fin</pageBreakToken>
|
||
rays i, 16 (2), i, 17 (5), or i, 18* (1). Pelvic-fin rays i, 7* (7), or i, 8 (1). Dorsal-fin origin at midbody preceded by strong forward-directed spine. Dorsal-fin rays ii* (4), or iii (4), and 20 (3), 21* (4), or 22 (1); anteriormost rays longest. Anal-fin rays iii (7), or iv* (1), and 32 (3), 33* (2), or 34 (3). Adipose fin with sub-rectangular distal margin. Caudal fin forked into lobes of similar size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F95E2FFC14FB2C7854069C3F3B9C9B34" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">Total vertebrae 40 (1), or 41 (2). Predorsal vertebrae 10 (3). Postdorsal vertebrae 15 (2), or 16 (1). Vertebrae through last dorsal-fin pterygiophore and first anal-fin pterygiophore 2 (1), or 3 (2). Supraneurals 6 (3). Neurocranium in lateral view high, short, triangular, with concavity at epiphyseal bar level. Ascending process of premaxilla broader from its base to tip, with slightly rounded edge (Fig. 4c). Lateral process of premaxilla after the last labial premaxillary tooth well developed, its length almost or more than three times the base length of the most posterior labial premaxillary tooth. Mesethmoid in dorsal view short, triangular, with broad base. Cranial fontanel elongated, with epiphyseal bar dividing anterior cranial fontanel and posterior cranial fontanel in equal parts. Dorsal process of supraoccipital spine very high.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8FC0653DE702D7DF116D78551B59DD51" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">
|
||
Color in alcohol. Ground coloration silver brownish to yellowish silver, with pale hues. Darker coloration on humeral region. Overall pigmentation of head above eye somewhat darker than that of adjoining areas. Body more yellowish postero-ventrally on anal-fin region. Darker blotches, irregular in size and shape, scattered on the flanks (Fig. 1a, b) mainly in males. Dorsal, anal, and caudal fins somewhat yellowish, with distal margins darker, most conspicuous on the caudal fin. Pectoral and adipose fins overall hyaline. Pelvic fin hyaline with distal margin darker. Edge of teeth brownish (Fig. 4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E7C26A84D890A08A7FAC853F932B2CBA" originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED291A28993649284DA58B04191FDB43" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">
|
||
Color in life. Based on photos of specimens collected by sport fishermen at Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7AFDE45C7E25D66EB227EFA905FE6D2A" originalValue="Aripuanã">Aripuana</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8303745BAAAB4B28C1686FA7507D09FE" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n,. has ground coloration reddish silver, inconspicuous darker marks distributed on flanks, dorsum and head more darkened, and belly pale yellow. Dorsal, adipose, anal, and caudal fins yellowish brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8056C5EBB5561FBF85BE19A7628DBCBB" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">
|
||
Sexual dimorphism. The main secondary feature in mature males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3C339725E9F7BD0B3740FFE5EC1F0E20" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is the additional anal-fin lobe centered on the 14th branched ray (Fig. 1b). Darker and irregularly shaped blotches are present over flanks at maturity (Fig. 1a, b). Filamentous extensions on dorsal fin and stiff hooks laterally curved on anal fin found in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4FCEB24B9F18118755017578EB6F9FD" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Tometes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tometes" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tometes</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7CA03034B1952E8B23E58214AEFFBBD1" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myleus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myleus" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myleus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B9F72BA5D00EE1EC5BEAF33A536DB025" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylesinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mylesinus" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mylesinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A79CCFB7F37341AB850C02DCDCC572F" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myloplus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species were not present in three examined males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EFBD86B004A160C52D1B45F79C71C1" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2B4E9F3A5CE5CC623AF854D4066711EC" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E897BB650BBA1D44570F147DC586A311" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6691805E46C864AE8D7E36735D4E9E1E" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C3029522C6A81BF7E7DA5501DCDFEEB" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from
|
||
<normalizedToken id="051E1421C947C815EF60673DB49F0FC3" originalValue="Aripuanã">Aripuana</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Roosevelt rivers, two tributaries of the Rio Madeira basin (Fig. 5). The presence of the new species within a conservation unit was confirmed from the records for Rio Roosevelt in the area of the Campos
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D9F5240FC48B208E0728123B11E3D39A" originalValue="Amazônicos">Amazonicos</normalizedToken>
|
||
National Park (formerly known as: Marmelos Conservation Area BX044), located on the boundaries of the Amazonas and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F7DA2507D5FEDEF076AD6702E3D7E747" originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
|
||
States, Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6FBF5F2AC111517C68E34A850C3AA088" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D9E3BBAB1F9905760E4DB0D0B44A6BF" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">
|
||
Figure 5. Collecting localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C96B32BE33670D83DEFDC79BFEF7CF47" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Rio Madeira Basin represented by the star and diamonds, (★) type locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2C18B09C96A8AA704905C0022201E139" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph id="D999C620D8205556FFE24E83B3014E1B" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">Habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="89AF40454F253AD8F2387066A1A19A76" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="7" pageNumber="160">
|
||
The type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FB555A01E3D997A053BBE3176F98D2B" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a moderately to rapidly flowing, clear-water river running over rocky and sandy bottoms (Fig. 6), with a depth ranging from approximately 2 m to at the most 8 m, and a mean width of 320 m. The river is surrounded by extensive riparian vegetation that is mainly composed of ombrophilous forest and is located at an elevation of approximately 78 m above sea level. Water flow in the main channel is significantly reduced during the dry season (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0975950BABD6506765A2A1B73FF55341" originalValue="June–September">June-September</normalizedToken>
|
||
),
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="7AD5CB8992F2FC9AE385FE4FDEAF73CC" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
|
||
most of the inflow restricted to small channels with rapids and extensive spread of rock outcrops scattered along the course of the main river. The records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CFA48AFB38CD4108F9F5D7C0450B13E2" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Rio Roosevelt were collected close to the vegetated edge, while the specimens collected in Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A88DB855F668E32280EF3D183915F5A1" originalValue="Aripuanã">Aripuana</normalizedToken>
|
||
were made around the rapids of Corredeira dos Periquitos and Salto de Dardanelos.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E0A52481723A808E78EF210C09AF184B" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<paragraph id="93EBE66E5144C5557AA412E21181F05E" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
|
||
Figure 6. Corredeira dos Periquitos, Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2AD4B621C85FD3291BDF7F73382F3045" originalValue="Aripuanã">Aripuana</normalizedToken>
|
||
, type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69CC9AD391197900CD9BF61BDC4FB77B" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myloplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myloplus zorroi" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zorroi">Myloplus zorroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Rio Madeira Basin, Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7FE3C88A34075E230628019D9B7E4704" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F5393931B5F064F0BC0F1C2B2EF9098" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FFF30862E5BAB7DD3A6A1EE9892F70B4" pageId="8" pageNumber="161">
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<normalizedToken id="81B8AA0DB637F20E40DB6CB638D3AA58" originalValue="‘zorroi’">'zorroi'</normalizedToken>
|
||
is dedicated to Mauricio Camargo-Zorro, a researcher at the Instituto Federal de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F6441B280E030A8D9A9EAEB5626FC644" originalValue="Educação">Educacao</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C9F1899AC06BA10B5EF54481B758ACFC" originalValue="Ciência">Ciencia</normalizedToken>
|
||
e Tecnologia, in recognition of his invaluable contribution to the fish fauna inventory from the Marmelos Conservation Area. The name
|
||
<normalizedToken id="058C03FDD3FA11F7A40209F4D28C0FB7" originalValue="‘zorroi’">'zorroi'</normalizedToken>
|
||
also alludes to the Latin-American fictional character
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FF17F54E7BA64F11C8FD6852ED4A0108" originalValue="‘Zorro’">'Zorro'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which was the secret identity of Don Diego de la Vega, because the special features
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5FB39C8929A6BC97DB84C11AA5608656" originalValue="“masked”">"masked"</normalizedToken>
|
||
this fish as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E40B81E0EEB357AC0AE9183442E998F1" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Tometes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tometes" order="Characiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tometes</taxonomicName>
|
||
, concealing its true identity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |