105 lines
13 KiB
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105 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="7F971339C95BB17C98C4F6EB354E3FC9" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.181351" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1f016037-2ea8-46e7-82e1-be6826ae0389" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="181351" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459831824032" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Naskrecki, Piotr" docDate="2008" docId="038815411653307E0CA4E618028A36A6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01732p028.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1732" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Amyttosa Beier 1965" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFB16D39165430760C33E2320005367C" masterDocTitle="New species of arboreal predatory katydids from West Africa (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae)" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698223058113" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="93DCA5CF1148DD9F4A9A42898084AF14">New species of arboreal predatory katydids from West Africa (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DF91B896EAEA4D7667EFB9C64F839714">Naskrecki, Piotr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8D2639B565A17AD31F24270BAA58955C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1754DDABE8EE2157AA5338B59392D590">
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<mods:date id="3D6890FDB8CB3F107CCC1CFB556CE420">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="74C6B88ED5D3B46200086302ED39F842" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="208367FDD18B0A80E720458FE83B0696">1732</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F8BDB23373062BBEDB8E236A537B83EC" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.181351</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9E7BF17BCD41D4AE1D5777534B6B088A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4D0E7DD29AD4FFD89C0277CFCDEF1BA4" type="Zenodo-Dep">181351</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038815411653307E0CA4E618028A36A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6233408" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119358080" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6233408" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038815411653307E0CA4E618028A36A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038815411653307E0CA4E618028A36A6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C33BF7DC165330710CA4E61801963238" box="[151,403,1066,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9EA457165330710CA4E61801963238" blockId="7.[151,403,1066,1092]" box="[151,403,1066,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D0D6133B165330710CA4E61801963238" bold="true" box="[151,403,1066,1092]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165330710CA4E61801963238" ID-CoL="8NM22" authority="Beier 1965" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,403,1066,1092]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Amyttosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9557845165330710CA4E61801963238" bold="true" box="[151,403,1066,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B9557845165330710CA4E61801023238" bold="true" box="[151,263,1066,1092]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Amyttosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB0D9A6165330710D3DE61801963238" author="Beier" box="[270,403,1066,1092]" pageId="7" pageNumber="21" refString="Beier, M. (1965) Die afrikanischen Arten der Gattungsgruppe " Amytta " Karsch. Beitrage zur Entomologie, 15 (3 / 4), 203 - 242." type="journal article" year="1965">Beier 1965</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33BF7DC1653307E0CA4E647028A36A6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9EA457165330710CA4E64702E832F3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1141,2007]" box="[151,749,1141,1167]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B9557845165330710CA4E647013E32F3" bold="true" box="[151,315,1141,1167]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<typeStatus id="549A1AF5165330710CA4E64700D132F3" box="[151,212,1141,1167]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165330710D70E64702ED32F3" authority="Karsch, 1890: 367" authorityName="Karsch" authorityPageNumber="367" authorityYear="1890" box="[323,744,1141,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Amytta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mutillata">
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<emphasis id="B9557845165330710D70E647020232F2" box="[323,519,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Amytta mutillata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB0D9A6165330710E3DE64702AA32F3" author="Karsch" box="[526,687,1141,1167]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="21" refString="Karsch (1890) Verzeichniss der von Herrn Dr. Paul Preuss auf der Barombi-Station in Deutsch-Westafrika 1890 gesammelten Locustodeen aus den Familien der Phaneropteriden, Mekonemiden und Gryllakriden. Entomologische Nachrichten, Berlin, 16, 353 - 369." type="journal article" year="1890">Karsch, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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: 367
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9EA457165330710CF5E6AF02773123" blockId="7.[151,1436,1141,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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This genus is unique among all known
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165330710EABE6AF035632CB" box="[664,851,1181,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Meconematinae">Meconematinae</taxonomicName>
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in the strong reduction of the ovipositor, a possible adaptation to dropping eggs to the ground, rather than their insertion in the soil, plant tissue, or bark, typical of other species of this group of katydids. The valvules of the ovipositor are poorly sclerotized and not flattened laterally, which indicates that the eggs are not inserted between the layers of the leaf epidermis, a behavior known in some
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165330710DF4E70F0280332B" box="[455,645,1341,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phaneropterinae">Phaneropterinae</taxonomicName>
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with short ovipositors. The morphology of the egg is also unique among katydids (
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<figureCitation id="131AB8D2165330710D56E75701B23303" box="[357,439,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. A – C" captionStartId="25.[151,255,1681,1705]" captionTargetBox="[231,1360,191,1664]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[231,1361,162,1671]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 5. A – C. Epiphallus: A. Anepitacta wrightae; B. Amyttopsis palmulicerca; C. A. bakowskii; D – G. Eggs: D & E. Amyttosa insectivora; F. Gonamytta occidentalis; G. Brachyamytta maculipes; H – I. Male pronota: H. G. occidentalis; I. Anepitacta guentheri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181354/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
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D–G). The egg is spherical, and not spindle shaped as in species laying eggs in the soil or plant tissues, nor is it laterally flattened as in species laying eggs in leaves. It is also unlikely that eggs of
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165330710C85E787012633B2" box="[182,291,1461,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Amyttosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9557845165330710C85E787012633B2" box="[182,291,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Amyttosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. are deposited in clusters on exposed surfaces, a behavior common in canopy-dwelling
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165330710964E787011B338B" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phaneropterinae">Phaneropterinae</taxonomicName>
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, because the morphology of the egg does not suggest a high resistance to desiccation (eggs deposited on exposed surfaces are smooth, with very thick chorionic layers that reduce the rate of water loss.) The chorion of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165330710D75E41F01B6303A" box="[326,435,1581,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Amyttosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9557845165330710D75E41F01B6303A" box="[326,435,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Amyttosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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egg is covered with regularly distributes tubercles, and both ends of the egg carry a collar-like projections, similar, but not likely homologous to, the capitulum present in the eggs of many phasmids. This
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<typeStatus id="549A1AF5165330710D2FE44F014A30EB" box="[284,335,1661,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
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of egg morphology, combined with a similar reduction of the ovipositor, also found in many Phasmodea that drop eggs to the ground, may indicate similar egg laying behavior.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB0D9A61653307108A8E49700E1309B" author="Hughes" pageId="7" pageNumber="21" refString="Hughes L. & M. Westoby (1992) Capitula on stick insect eggs and elaiosomes on seeds: convergent adaptations for burial by ants. Functional Ecology, 6, 642 - 648." type="journal article" year="1992">Hughes and Westoby (1992)</bibRefCitation>
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demonstrated that phasmid eggs equipped with the capitulum have the same removal and burial rates by ants as plant seeds equipped with an elaiosome. Although at this point empirical evidence for such behavior is absent, it is possible that the morphology of eggs of
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165330710F7FE52F03BC314A" box="[844,953,1821,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Amyttosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9557845165330710F7FE52F03BC314A" box="[844,953,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Amyttosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a similar function, and eggs are dispersed, and subsequently buried by ants.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9EA4571653307E0CF5E55F028A36A6" blockId="7.[151,1436,1141,2007]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,218]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Virtually nothing is known about the behavior of the previously described species of
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<emphasis id="B955784516533071088BE55F00E031D2" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD416533071088BE55F052C31FA" box="[1208,1321,1901,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Amyttosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amyttosa</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165330710907E55F00E531D2" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Amyttosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insectivora">A. insectivora</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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the new species described below, is common in lowland and mid-elevation forests of Eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F336E4C716533071097BE5A7059D31D3" box="[1352,1432,1941,1967]" name="Ghana" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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, where it could be found at night on low trees and understory bushes in both primary and secondary evergreen forests. This species is predaceous and was frequently observed catching and eating small insects, primarily nymphs of
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165C307E0D28E2F201B936A6" box="[283,444,192,218]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Membracidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C21DFD4165C307E0DC6E2F2028E36A6" box="[501,651,192,218]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cicadellidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |