226 lines
29 KiB
XML
226 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="5096412E09C61A5C7AC47A6EA94F453B" ID-CLB-Dataset="29193" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4486.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8bf7deb9-6336-4232-aa5f-cf6805630d2a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1453233" ID-ZooBank="B87F5447-A747-4D96-8845-0B30B40412A3" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539088940530" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Seo, Ji-Eun, Chae, Hyun Sook, Winston, Judith E., Zágoršek, Kamil & Gordon, Dennis P." docDate="2018" docId="C15C87DB7444FFF4FF0D80E3BDA7E63E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4486.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4486 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Penetrantia taeanata Seo & Chae & Winston & Zágoršek & Gordon 2018, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="269" masterDocId="3D65FFA37456FFE6FF9A8367BF4EE12A" masterDocTitle="Korean ctenostome bryozoans-observations on living colonies, new records, five new species, and an updated checklist" masterLastPageNumber="283" masterPageNumber="251" pageNumber="269" updateTime="1698570765952" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="FF295A82C9CCB5FEFC6A1A84F57FCC10" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F6B28340332EDA0D72F58C0F79D3D8D4">
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<mods:title id="79D36F7B9B12BCCDDA7648B2B836F18C">Korean ctenostome bryozoans-observations on living colonies, new records, five new species, and an updated checklist</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D58894143320F0D82F5E190100F8F072" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="732DC75A4EC04E15DFEFCE2C0D76B6DF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="925CDFDFB224C6101F7BDE118D5708E2">Seo, Ji-Eun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="75F6CC746EA8EFCF5CBACE1AD024AC8C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="744DD3F8862F518E603F5A386FDB17C5">Chae, Hyun Sook</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="46D77ADAFD68087F66842EF25E30B125" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="66F33FE21289D617B1148DFCEBACD6DC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C928E69F790081B9AA9DAC3B765347F3">Winston, Judith E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="84AAFB642982EE54B3278E2A89D465C9">Zágoršek, Kamil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="F9255D3B3F30B2785BF46CFD92EA79E0" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3C32B2B072339A66F927D95692140359">Gordon, Dennis P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="96F2306724A35884377C5B78BB9E9865">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7B3196E62CA3CB2AB7AF238EB6838C7B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DEEBFEE7AE6A23225CB7CE85985DED01">
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<mods:date id="AF80EFB9CA5A58C40B145DE75D5C21C0">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="948E828639EB400423A125673460CBDD">2018-09-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D825C8174359D80B0DA2D022BA3820D0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7FDF91DB697E4EA5FAEAE8F188525CF8">4486</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="79E63EBEDE944C300D5686A73D3BD56F" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="7114BF4D50284B6F76B7697949DC6116">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="028A5178B50916DF8E392576D8E05347" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4486.3.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C15C87DB7444FFF4FF0D80E3BDA7E63E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5961773" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148663805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5961773" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C15C87DB7444FFF4FF0D80E3BDA7E63E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C15C87DB7444FFF4FF0D80E3BDA7E63E" lastPageNumber="269" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<subSubSection id="01EF65467444FFF4FF0D80E3BE3FE295" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="494A36CD7444FFF4FF0D80E3BE93E2B4" blockId="18.[151,477,900,959]" box="[151,477,900,926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<heading id="120281A17444FFF4FF0D80E3BE93E2B4" bold="true" box="[151,477,900,926]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FF0D80E3BE93E2B4" bold="true" box="[151,477,900,926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<taxonomicName id="8EF54D4E7444FFF4FF0D80E3BEDDE2B4" authority="Seo & Chae & Winston & Zágoršek & Gordon, 2018" authorityName="Seo & Chae & Winston & Zágoršek & Gordon" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,403,900,926]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Penetrantiidae" genus="Penetrantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="taeanata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FF0D80E3BEDDE2B4" bold="true" box="[151,403,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Penetrantia taeanata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="60B257A47444FFF4FE0080E3BE93E2B4" box="[410,477,900,926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="494A36CD7444FFF4FF0D80C1BE3FE295" blockId="18.[151,477,900,959]" box="[151,369,934,959]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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(
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<figureCitation id="D1CE2A487444FFF4FF0580C1BE58E295" box="[159,278,934,959]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1824,1846]" captionTargetBox="[203,1390,193,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[203,1390,193,1808]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Light micrographs of various uncataloged shell-borings of Immergentia cheongpodensis n. sp. and Penetrantia taeanata n. sp. from Cheongpodae. A. Immergentia, frontal view of tear-drop-shaped excavations on bivalve shell. B. Highermagnification view of Immergentia excavations on same shell. C. Penetrantia, characteristic ‘railroad-track’ arrangement of seemingly paired openings either side of stolon traces in a densely bored shell. D. Borings of both species in the same shell, scattered, smaller openings of Immergentia colonies are visible in the upper less-bored half of the image. E. More-magnified Penetrantia colonies showing zooid openings and stolon traces. F. Translucent shell back-lit to show presence of Penetrantia zooid chambers beneath the openings at the shell surface. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 1 mm; C = 4 mm; D = 0.20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1453251/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Figs 9C–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D1CE2A487444FFF4FEBB80C0BE71E295" box="[289,319,935,959]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,455,1861]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,455,1861]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 12. Penetrantia taeanata n. sp., Cheongpodae, various uncataloged shells. A. Low-magnification appearance of a densely growing colony. B, C. Higher-magnification views showing that, while the openings at the shell surface may look paired, the actual zooids are offset diagonally in a herringbone pattern. D, E. Variations in angle of zooid chambers within the shell. F. Part of stolon showing tubulets. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B, C = 0.50 mm; D–F = 0.10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1453257/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D1CE2A487444FFF4FED180C0BE26E295" box="[331,360,935,959]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1850,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Penetrantia taeanata n. sp., Cheongpodae. A. Cast of a densely growing colony in an area heavily bored by endolithic filaments. B, C. Casts of zooids with roundly tapering to nearly pointed proximal ends and cuticular-wall striations. D. Cast of zooid showing the peduncle that connects it to the principal stolon. E. Stolon with zooid bud. Scale bars: A = 0.50 mm; B–D= 0.10 mm; E = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1453259/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">13</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="01EF65467444FFF4FF0D8089BD46E509" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" type="description">
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<paragraph id="494A36CD7444FFF4FF0D8089BD4FE52E" blockId="18.[151,520,1006,1059]" box="[151,513,1006,1029]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="69E511E37444FFF4FF0D8089BD4FE52E" box="[151,513,1006,1029]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<taxonomicName id="8EF54D4E7444FFF4FF0D8089BE46E52E" ID-CoL="84TPY" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,264,1006,1028]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Spathiporidae" genus="Spathipora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FF0D8089BE46E52E" box="[151,264,1006,1028]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Spathipora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[sp.]:
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<treatmentCitation id="C85410DC7444FFF4FED38089BEB3E52E" author="" box="[329,509,1006,1029]" page="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<bibRefCitation id="2D644B3C7444FFF4FED38089BEABE52E" box="[329,485,1006,1029]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" refId="ref12090" refString="Seo, J. E., Woss, E. & Gordon, D. P. (2016) Woosuk University hosts bryozoology visits. International Bryozoology Association Bulletin, 12 (3), 9 - 10." type="journal article">
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Seo
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<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FEEF8097BEEFE52E" box="[373,417,1006,1029]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 9
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="494A36CD7444FFF4FF0D8769BD46E509" blockId="18.[151,520,1006,1059]" box="[151,520,1037,1059]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="69E511E37444FFF4FF0D8769BD46E509" box="[151,520,1037,1059]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<taxonomicName id="8EF54D4E7444FFF4FF0D8769BE41E509" ID-CoL="84RWN" authorityName="Seo & Chae & Winston & Zágoršek & Gordon" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,271,1038,1059]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Penetrantiidae" genus="Penetrantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FF0D8769BE41E509" box="[151,271,1038,1059]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Penetrantia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[sp.]:
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<treatmentCitation id="C85410DC7444FFF4FECA876ABD4AE509" author="" box="[336,516,1037,1059]" page="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<bibRefCitation id="2D644B3C7444FFF4FECA876ABEA2E509" box="[336,492,1037,1059]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" refId="ref12090" refString="Seo, J. E., Woss, E. & Gordon, D. P. (2016) Woosuk University hosts bryozoology visits. International Bryozoology Association Bulletin, 12 (3), 9 - 10." type="journal article">
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||
Seo
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<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FEE68769BEE6E509" box="[380,424,1037,1059]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 9
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="01EF65467444FFF4FF0D8728BA5AE542" box="[151,1300,1103,1128]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="494A36CD7444FFF4FF0D8728BA5AE542" blockId="18.[151,1437,1103,1813]" box="[151,1300,1103,1128]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FF0D8728BE50E542" bold="true" box="[151,286,1103,1128]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species is named for the Taean
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<collectingRegion id="8B31F82F7444FFF4FD2E8737BDBAE542" box="[692,756,1104,1128]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Coast</collectingRegion>
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area of the Yellow Sea where it was discovered.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="01EF65467444FFF4FF5D8713BB95E59A" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="494A36CD7444FFF4FF5D8713BB95E59A" blockId="18.[151,1437,1103,1813]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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||
<materialsCitation id="F99D3C907444FFF4FF5D8713BD83E59A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915274008" collectingDate="2017-06-16" county="Material" latitude="36.6334" location="Korean" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="126.2997" municipality="Cheongpodae" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Coast" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FF5D8713BEFAE5A7" bold="true" box="[199,436,1140,1165]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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||
<collectingCounty id="A02B4E417444FFF4FF5D8713BE61E5A7" box="[199,303,1140,1165]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Material</collectingCounty>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FE258713BD60E5A6" box="[447,558,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
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||
<typeStatus id="964E886F7444FFF4FE258713BD66E5A6" box="[447,552,1140,1164]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
:
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</emphasis>
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MBRBKH8,
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<collectingMunicipality id="A92EACB77444FFF4FD498713BC3EE5A7" box="[723,880,1140,1165]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Cheongpodae</collectingMunicipality>
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, Taean
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<collectingRegion id="8B31F82F7444FFF4FC568713BB42E5A6" box="[972,1036,1140,1164]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Coast</collectingRegion>
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National Park,
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<location id="4C2A60167444FFF4FB528712BA54E5A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C15C87DB7444FFF4FF0D80E3BDA7E63E:4C2A60167444FFF4FB528712BA54E5A6" box="[1224,1306,1141,1164]" county="Material" latitude="36.6334" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="126.2997" municipality="Cheongpodae" name="Korean" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" stateProvince="Coast">Korean</location>
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east coast,
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<geoCoordinate id="2CC1500A7444FFF4FF0D87F0BE55E585" box="[151,283,1175,1200]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" precision="5" value="36.6334">36.6334° N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="2CC1500A7444FFF4FEBC87F0BEFAE585" box="[294,436,1175,1200]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" precision="5" value="126.2997">126.2997° E</geoCoordinate>
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, intertidal,
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<collectingDate id="2D0FE9E57444FFF4FDA987F0BD83E59A" box="[563,717,1175,1200]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" value="2017-06-16">
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<date id="3D4B100D7444FFF4FDA987F0BD83E59A" box="[563,717,1175,1200]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" value="2017-06-16">16 June 2017</date>
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||
</collectingDate>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="F99D3C907444FFF4FD4D87FEBB96E59A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1915273997" box="[727,1240,1175,1200]" collectingDate="2017-06-16" county="Material" latitude="36.6334" location="Korean" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="126.2997" municipality="Cheongpodae" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Coast" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="964E886F7444FFF4FD4D87FEBC70E59A" box="[727,830,1177,1200]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" type="paratype">
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<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FD4D87FEBC70E59A" box="[727,830,1177,1200]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Paratype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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: MBRBKP8, same data as holotype
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="01EF65467444FFF4FF5D87DBBA3AE73D" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" type="description">
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<paragraph id="494A36CD7444FFF4FF5D87DBBA3AE73D" blockId="18.[151,1437,1103,1813]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FF5D87DBBE17E5FF" bold="true" box="[199,345,1212,1237]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colonies boring into mollusk shells, composed of linked kenozooidal stolons which penetrate upper layers of shell, sometimes reaching surface as series of tiny elevated pores (tubulets), and buried saclike zooids, with rounded orifices at shell surface usually on both sides of stolon branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1CE2A487444FFF4FBEE8663BBA2E436" box="[1140,1260,1284,1309]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1824,1846]" captionTargetBox="[203,1390,193,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[203,1390,193,1808]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Light micrographs of various uncataloged shell-borings of Immergentia cheongpodensis n. sp. and Penetrantia taeanata n. sp. from Cheongpodae. A. Immergentia, frontal view of tear-drop-shaped excavations on bivalve shell. B. Highermagnification view of Immergentia excavations on same shell. C. Penetrantia, characteristic ‘railroad-track’ arrangement of seemingly paired openings either side of stolon traces in a densely bored shell. D. Borings of both species in the same shell, scattered, smaller openings of Immergentia colonies are visible in the upper less-bored half of the image. E. More-magnified Penetrantia colonies showing zooid openings and stolon traces. F. Translucent shell back-lit to show presence of Penetrantia zooid chambers beneath the openings at the shell surface. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 1 mm; C = 4 mm; D = 0.20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1453251/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Figs 9C–F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1CE2A487444FFF4FB638663BA02E436" box="[1273,1356,1284,1308]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1850,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Penetrantia taeanata n. sp., Cheongpodae. A. Cast of a densely growing colony in an area heavily bored by endolithic filaments. B, C. Casts of zooids with roundly tapering to nearly pointed proximal ends and cuticular-wall striations. D. Cast of zooid showing the peduncle that connects it to the principal stolon. E. Stolon with zooid bud. Scale bars: A = 0.50 mm; B–D= 0.10 mm; E = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1453259/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">13B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Main stolon branches develop side branches at almost 90° angles to principal stolons. Side branches larger than stolonate processes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EF54D4E7444FFF4FEB6862ABEF4E44E" authorityName="Seo & Chae & Winston & Zágoršek & Gordon" authorityYear="2018" box="[300,442,1357,1380]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Immergentiidae" genus="Immergentia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FEB6862ABEF4E44E" box="[300,442,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Immergentia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, about 15–20 µm wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1CE2A487444FFF4FD4D862BBC2DE44E" box="[727,867,1356,1381]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1850,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Penetrantia taeanata n. sp., Cheongpodae. A. Cast of a densely growing colony in an area heavily bored by endolithic filaments. B, C. Casts of zooids with roundly tapering to nearly pointed proximal ends and cuticular-wall striations. D. Cast of zooid showing the peduncle that connects it to the principal stolon. E. Stolon with zooid bud. Scale bars: A = 0.50 mm; B–D= 0.10 mm; E = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1453259/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Fig. 13D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). On shell surface, well-preserved colony borings look like narrow branching tracks with round to teardrop-shaped orifice holes on either side; densest colonies appear as jumble of closely spaced holes. Zooids tubular with roundly tapering proximal ends; c. 140–180 µm long, 50 µm wide, budding at distal ends from peduncles, perpendicular or diagonal to shell surface. Although orifices on both sides of stolon at shell surface may appear to be almost opposite each other, the resin cast shows they are offset, sometimes in a very neat herringbone fashion (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1CE2A487444FFF4FCC88698BC9EE73D" box="[850,976,1535,1560]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1824,1846]" captionTargetBox="[203,1390,193,1808]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[203,1390,193,1808]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Light micrographs of various uncataloged shell-borings of Immergentia cheongpodensis n. sp. and Penetrantia taeanata n. sp. from Cheongpodae. A. Immergentia, frontal view of tear-drop-shaped excavations on bivalve shell. B. Highermagnification view of Immergentia excavations on same shell. C. Penetrantia, characteristic ‘railroad-track’ arrangement of seemingly paired openings either side of stolon traces in a densely bored shell. D. Borings of both species in the same shell, scattered, smaller openings of Immergentia colonies are visible in the upper less-bored half of the image. E. More-magnified Penetrantia colonies showing zooid openings and stolon traces. F. Translucent shell back-lit to show presence of Penetrantia zooid chambers beneath the openings at the shell surface. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 1 mm; C = 4 mm; D = 0.20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1453251/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Figs 9C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1CE2A487444FFF4FC418567BB61E73D" box="[987,1071,1536,1560]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,455,1861]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,455,1861]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 12. Penetrantia taeanata n. sp., Cheongpodae, various uncataloged shells. A. Low-magnification appearance of a densely growing colony. B, C. Higher-magnification views showing that, while the openings at the shell surface may look paired, the actual zooids are offset diagonally in a herringbone pattern. D, E. Variations in angle of zooid chambers within the shell. F. Part of stolon showing tubulets. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B, C = 0.50 mm; D–F = 0.10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1453257/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">12B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1CE2A487444FFF4FBA08567BB20E732" box="[1082,1134,1536,1560]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1850,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Penetrantia taeanata n. sp., Cheongpodae. A. Cast of a densely growing colony in an area heavily bored by endolithic filaments. B, C. Casts of zooids with roundly tapering to nearly pointed proximal ends and cuticular-wall striations. D. Cast of zooid showing the peduncle that connects it to the principal stolon. E. Stolon with zooid bud. Scale bars: A = 0.50 mm; B–D= 0.10 mm; E = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1453259/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">13A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonozooids not seen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="01EF65467444FFF4FF5D8543BB87E7DA" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="494A36CD7444FFF4FF5D8543BB87E7DA" blockId="18.[151,1437,1103,1813]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FF5D8543BE75E717" bold="true" box="[199,315,1572,1597]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Our specimens resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EF54D4E7444FFF4FD418542BB70E717" authority="Silen, 1946" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1946" box="[731,1086,1572,1597]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Penetrantiidae" genus="Penetrantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="densa">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FD418542BCE3E716" box="[731,941,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Penetrantia densa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2D644B3C7444FFF4FC238543BB70E717" box="[953,1086,1572,1597]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" refId="ref12175" refString="Silen, L. (1946) On two new groups of Bryozoa living in the shells of molluscs. Arkiv for Zoologi, 38 B, 1 - 7." type="journal article">
|
||
Silén,
|
||
<quantity id="8E0D9B287444FFF4FB9C8543BB70E717" box="[1030,1086,1572,1597]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9428399999999995" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" unit="in" value="1946.0">1946</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the presence of the round apertures of zooids outside the line of the main stolon or branches, but zooids are smaller and openings can be even closer together in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EF54D4E7444FFF4FEF8850ABD1EE7AE" authority="Seo & Chae & Winston & Zágoršek & Gordon, 2018" authorityName="Seo & Chae & Winston & Zágoršek & Gordon" authorityYear="2018" box="[354,592,1645,1668]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Penetrantiidae" genus="Penetrantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="taeanata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FEF8850ABD1EE7AE" box="[354,592,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Penetrantia taeanata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="60B257A47444FFF4FDC2850BBDD6E7AF" box="[600,664,1644,1669]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FDC2850BBDD6E7AF" bold="true" box="[600,664,1644,1669]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, which is the commonest boring ctenostome species at the intertidal site at Cheongpodae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EF54D4E7444FFF4FE1485F7BD96E782" authority="Seo & Chae & Winston & Zágoršek & Gordon, 2018" authorityName="Seo & Chae & Winston & Zágoršek & Gordon" authorityYear="2018" box="[398,728,1680,1704]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Immergentiidae" genus="Immergentia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cheongpodensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FE1485F7BD96E782" box="[398,728,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Immergentia cheongpodensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="60B257A47444FFF4FD7885E8BC6DE782" box="[738,803,1679,1704]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FD7885E8BC6DE782" bold="true" box="[738,803,1679,1704]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is less abundant at the same locality, but overall about one-third of the dead shell material collected at this site had borings of one or both species. They were most commonly found in bivalves, particularly oyster shells, but also noted in a few gastropod shells.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="01EF65467444FFF4FF5D859BBDA7E63E" box="[199,745,1788,1813]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="494A36CD7444FFF4FF5D859BBDA7E63E" blockId="18.[151,1437,1103,1813]" box="[199,745,1788,1813]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B81EADF7444FFF4FF5D859BBE2EE63F" bold="true" box="[199,352,1788,1813]" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="31E2765D7444FFF4FEFD859ABEFEE63E" box="[359,432,1789,1812]" name="South Korea" pageId="18" pageNumber="269">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Cheongpodae, Yellow Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |