144 lines
14 KiB
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144 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.336.5719" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aee141e1-f63c-4ac1-94ae-45e96c428437" ID-PMC="PMC3800781" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-336-79" ID-PubMed="24146574" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-336-79" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 336" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic studies on the ant genus Cerapachys Smith (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from India" checkinTime="1451246868029" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bharti, Himender & Akbar, Shahid Ali" docDate="2013" docId="C12C4C3997F7B6ACA1CEC19C18CD15CE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 336: 79-103" docOrigin="ZooKeys 336" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.336.5719" docTitle="Cerapachys nayana Bharti & Akbar, 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="92" masterDocId="975BFFAA1B34FFB2BC5CAB7D3411FFF7" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic studies on the ant genus Cerapachys Smith (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from India" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="79" pageNumber="89" updateTime="1668156541714" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic studies on the ant genus Cerapachys Smith (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from India</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bharti, Himender</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Akbar, Shahid Ali</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>336</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>79</mods:start>
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<mods:end>103</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.336.5719</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.336.5719</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-336-79</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152048474" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:46F8FF78-D753-4BEF-8FCB-7A83D4149E8D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C12C4C3997F7B6ACA1CEC19C18CD15CE" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/46F8FF78-D753-4BEF-8FCB-7A83D4149E8D" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys nayana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nayana">Cerapachys nayana</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="89">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 3B, 4B, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, Table 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">
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Holotype worker: India: Kerala, Silent valley national park,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.083333">11°5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="76.433334">76°26'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 897m a.s.l., 25.ix.2011, hand picking. Paratypes: 2 workers and 1 ergatoid queen with same data as holotype; 6 workers and 2 ergatoid queens, India, Karnataka, Gundlupet
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.133333">11°8'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="77.13333">76°68'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 800m a.s.l., 27.ix.2010, hand picking; 2 workers and 1 ergatoid queen, India, Kerala, Periyar tiger reserve,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.766666">9°46'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="77.23333">77°14'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1005m a.s.l., 10.x.2011, hand picking (coll. Shahid A. Akbar). Holotype in PUAC and paratype in BMNH.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="10" pageNumber="89" type="worker description">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Worker description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="89">Measurements (holotype in brackets): HL 0.55-0.66 (0.66); HW 0.48-0.51 (0.51); EL 0.24-0.27 (0.25); WL 0.60-0.66 (0.66); MH 0.34-0.37 (0.34); PrW 0.33-0.38 (0.34); PL1 0.20-0.23 (0.23); PW1 0.25-0.29 (0.29); IIIAL 0.30-0.44 (0.44); IIIAW 0.37-0.47 (0.37); SL 0.21-0.27 (0.27); IVAL 0.58-0.61 (0.61); IVAW 0.47-0.52 (0.52). Indices: CI 77-87 (77); SI 44-53 (53); PI 125-126 (126) (n=10).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="90">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="90" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
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. Rectangular, longer than broad, widest at about its midlength; sides parallel, vertexal margin transverse to shallowly concave, posterior lateral corners weakly acute. Parafrontal ridges present but not raised, very low. Eyes large prominent. Mandibles subtriangular; masticatory margin without a row of small denticles. Lateroclypeal teeth small and reduced. Antennae 12 segmented; scapes short, reaching up to 4/5th of posterior margin of head.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="90">Mesosoma. Moderately stout, rectangular in dorsal view; dorsal surface flattened, bordered laterally by a distinct angle, but no margin. Declivous face of propodeum with cariniform margins across the top and along the lateral margins.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="90">Metasoma. Petiole broader than long, with strong overhanging dorsolateral margins. Anterior face concave while posterior face is transverse. Subpetiolar process small with stout acute apex, directed forward, located beneath anterior 1/3rd of the petiole; no fenestra present. Postpetiole sub trapezoidal, wider behind with the posterolateral angles uniformly rounded. Gaster elongate; base of cinctus of first gastral tergite with cross ribs; sting exerted.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="90">Sculpture. Mandibles smooth and shining. Head with small punctures, spaced wider than their diameter, dorsum of head also with faint rugae in between the punctures. Similar sculpture on dorsal surface of mesosoma and petiole. Small continuous punctures produce a matt like appearance on the dorsum of the postpetiole. Gaster with similar matt-like appearance but less prominent. Cinctus of 1st gastral segment smooth and shining.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="90">Vestiture. Body covered with moderate decumbent or subdecumbent hairs most prominent on postpetiole and gaster, head devoid of such hairs, only a few along sides; apical funicular segments with standing hairs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="91" start="start">Colour</pageBreakToken>
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. Black with mandibles, antennae and legs castaneous.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="91">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">
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Figures 17-19.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys nayana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nayana">Cerapachys nayana</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 17 body in profile 18 body in dorsal view 19 head in full-face view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="91">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">
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Figures 20-22.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys nayana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nayana">Cerapachys nayana</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. ergatoid queen. 20 body in profile 21 body in dorsal view 22 head in full-face view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="91" type="ergatoid queen measurements">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">Ergatoid queen measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">HL 0.66-0.77; HW 0.55-0.60; EL 0.22-0.24; WL 0.79-0.82; MH 0.36-0.41; PrW 0.44-0.47; PL1 0.24-0.27; PW1 0.44-0.47; IIIAL 0.44-0.47; IIIAW 0.51-0.55; SL 0.18-0.22; IVAL 0.58-0.63; IVAW; 0.60-0.66. Indices: CI 77-83; SI 33-37; PI 174-183 (n=3).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">Like the workers of the same colony, but larger, with thicker body, especially mesosoma and gaster. Ocelli present on vertex, prominent. The pilosity is much more prominent compared to workers. Distinction between ergatoid queens and worker is vague, with size variation of workers very high.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="91" type="variations">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">Variations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">There is a considerable amount of size variation between individual specimens, the smaller workers are lighter in body colouration compared with larger specimens; the body sculpture and pilosity also differs between individuals.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="91" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">
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The species epithet is Sanskrit for
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“eyes”">"eyes"</normalizedToken>
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, in reference to the large eye size of the species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="12" pageNumber="91" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="91">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="12" pageNumber="91">
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With themarginate dorsolateral sides of its petiole, this species is easily distinguished from other Indian species of its genus. The new species sharesmost characters with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys anokha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anokha">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="92" start="start">Cerapachys</pageBreakToken>
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anokha
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</taxonomicName>
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from which it is separated by the combination of characters given in the diagnosis of the latter species.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys nayana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nayana">Cerapachys nayana</taxonomicName>
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is compared with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys longitarsus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longitarsus">Cerapachys longitarsus</taxonomicName>
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which also has marginate dorsolateral sides to the petiole; however, the two species can be easily separated.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys longitarsus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longitarsus">Cerapachys longitarsus</taxonomicName>
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has characteristic bicolouration, with the head brown, trunk red or brown, petiole and postpetiole light to dark reddish and the gaster brown or black, while
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys nayana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nayana">Cerapachys nayana</taxonomicName>
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is uniformly black coloured with mandibles, antennae and legs castaneous. The new species also resembles the Philippines,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys luzuriagae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzuriagae">Cerapachys luzuriagae</taxonomicName>
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(Wheeler & Chapman, 1925) but can be easily separated from it.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys nayana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nayana">Cerapachys nayana</taxonomicName>
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is coloured black with the petiole broader than long, and with concave anterior and transverse posterior faces, the postpetiole with dense punctures and without dentition; while
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cerapachys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerapachys luzuriagae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzuriagae">Cerapachys luzuriagae</taxonomicName>
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is reddish brown with the petiole as long as broad, with convex anterior and truncate posterior faces; postpetiole without dense punctures, and mandibles with prominent dentition.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="92" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="92">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="92">This species is widely distributed in the Western Ghats. It was collected from non-forested and forest habitats from small bushes, and foraging over dry soil surfaces.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |