722 lines
62 KiB
XML
722 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5661831" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6e943786-8fa5-4afd-9d86-0c38025c43b1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="121268845" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5661831" checkinTime="1467471063990" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fredrik Ronquist & José Luis Nieves-Aldrey" docDate="2001" docId="C11487C8FFB14F66B90A2610FC72FD46" docLanguage="en" docName="1-s2.0-S0024408201903024.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Parnips nigripes" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="491" masterDocId="3D2DFFB0FFB24F6EBA492304FF9CFFB9" masterDocTitle="A new subfamily of Figitidae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="494" masterPageNumber="483" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" updateTime="1636492903881" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new subfamily of Figitidae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fredrik Ronquist</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>José Luis Nieves-Aldrey</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2001</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>133</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>483</mods:start>
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<mods:end>494</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1006/zjls.2001.0302</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6e943786-8fa5-4afd-9d86-0c38025c43b1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">269247</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5661831" ID-GBIF-Taxon="121268845" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5661831" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C11487C8FFB14F66B90A2610FC72FD46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C11487C8FFB14F66B90A2610FC72FD46" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="491" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">
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<subSubSection box="[835,1407,1300,1322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[814,1428,1300,1570]" box="[835,1407,1300,1322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">
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<heading allCaps="true" box="[835,1407,1300,1322]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName box="[835,1058,1300,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,938,1300,1322]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">PARNIPS</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[945,1058,1302,1322]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">NIGRIPES</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Barbotin F." box="[1073,1257,1300,1322]" journalOrPublisher="Marcellia" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" pagination="151 - 157" part="31" refString="Barbotin F. 1964. Sur une nouvelle galle et deux nouveaux cynipides en provenance d'Algerie. Marcellia 31: 151 - 157." title="Sur une nouvelle galle et deux nouveaux cynipides en provenance d'Algerie" type="journal article" year="1964">
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BARBOTIN,
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<number box="[1205,1257,1300,1322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1964.0">1964</number>
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1272,1407,1302,1322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">
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<collectionCode box="[1272,1343,1302,1322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">COMB</collectionCode>
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. NOV.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="486" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[814,1428,1300,1570]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,921,1334,1355]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">
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<typeStatus box="[814,917,1334,1355]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<number box="[929,956,1334,1356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="25.0">25</number>
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d,
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<number box="[991,1018,1334,1356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="35.0">35</number>
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♀.
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<collectingCountry box="[1051,1170,1334,1355]" name="Algeria" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">ALGERIA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1181,1243,1334,1355]" name="Algeria" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">Oran</collectingCountry>
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. Reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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galls on
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<taxonomicName box="[1050,1231,1364,1386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhoeas">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1050,1231,1364,1386]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">Papaver rhoeas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[1299,1421,1364,1386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dubium">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1299,1421,1364,1386]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">P. dubium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, emerged mid February to early
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<date box="[1196,1323,1395,1417]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1961-04">April 1961</date>
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, 1962 or
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<number box="[814,872,1425,1447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1963.0">1963</number>
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. Originally in the private collection of F. Barbotin, now most
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<typeStatus box="[938,1038,1456,1477]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">syntypes</typeStatus>
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are in the collection of the University of Barcelona. Examined material:
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<number box="[1313,1340,1487,1508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="23.0">23</number>
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d,
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<number box="[1380,1407,1487,1508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="34.0">34</number>
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♀ (Universitat de Barcelona);
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<number box="[1149,1163,1517,1538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1.0">1</number>
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d,
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<number box="[1203,1217,1517,1538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1.0">1</number>
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♀ (
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<collectionCode box="[1258,1340,1517,1538]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">USNM</collectionCode>
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, Washington, DC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="487" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[814,1428,1604,1993]" lastBlockId="4.[154,767,280,668]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="487" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,1139,1604,1626]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">Additional material studied.</emphasis>
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<number box="[1148,1162,1605,1626]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="2.0">2</number>
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d,
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<number box="[1197,1211,1605,1626]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="4.0">4</number>
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♀.
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<collectingCountry box="[1244,1324,1605,1626]" name="Spain" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">SPAIN</collectingCountry>
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, Madrid, Aldea del Fresno,
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<date box="[1022,1173,1635,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1987-05-27">
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<number box="[1022,1049,1635,1656]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="27.0">27</number>
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May
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<number box="[1115,1173,1635,1656]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1987.0">1987</number>
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</date>
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. Reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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galls on
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<taxonomicName box="[989,1082,1666,1687]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[989,1082,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">Papaver</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp., emerged
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<date box="[1247,1373,1666,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1988-04">
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April
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<number box="[1315,1373,1666,1687]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1988.2">1988</number>
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</date>
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. 2d,
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<number box="[814,828,1696,1717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1.0">1</number>
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♀. Same locality, galls collected
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<date box="[1200,1344,1696,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1988-06-06">
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<number box="[1200,1214,1696,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="6.0">6</number>
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June
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<number box="[1287,1344,1696,1717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1988.0">1988</number>
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</date>
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, wasps emerged
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<date box="[922,1050,1727,1749]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1989-04">
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April
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<number box="[992,1050,1727,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1989.1">1989</number>
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</date>
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. 1♀. Madrid, Arganda,
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<date pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1986-06-25">
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<number box="[1333,1360,1727,1749]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="25.0">25</number>
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June
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<number box="[814,872,1757,1779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1986.0">1986</number>
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</date>
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. Reared from
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<taxonomicName box="[1034,1182,1757,1779]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1034,1182,1757,1779]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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galls on
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<taxonomicName box="[1287,1380,1758,1779]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1287,1380,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">Papaver</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp., emerged
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<date box="[925,1055,1788,1810]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1987-04">
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April
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<number box="[997,1055,1788,1809]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1987.2">1987</number>
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</date>
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. 2♀. Madrid, Arganda,
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<date pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1991-05-05">
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<number box="[1349,1363,1788,1810]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="5.0">5</number>
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May
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<number box="[814,872,1819,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1991.0">1991</number>
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</date>
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. Caught in flight.
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<number box="[1105,1119,1819,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1.0">1</number>
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d,
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<number box="[1159,1173,1819,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1.0">1</number>
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♀. Guadalajara, Pozo de Guadalajara. Reared from
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<taxonomicName box="[1171,1323,1849,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1171,1323,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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galls on
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<taxonomicName box="[814,907,1880,1901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,907,1880,1901]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">Papaver</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<date box="[960,1072,1879,1901]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">
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<number box="[960,974,1879,1901]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="6.0">6</number>
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October
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</date>
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,
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<number box="[1082,1139,1880,1901]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1983.0">1983</number>
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, emerged
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<date box="[1253,1376,1879,1901]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1984-04">
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April
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<number box="[1318,1376,1880,1901]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1984.1">1984</number>
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</date>
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. 1d. Madrid, Rivas Vaciamadrid. Reared from
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<taxonomicName box="[1281,1427,1910,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1281,1427,1910,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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galls on
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<taxonomicName box="[917,1010,1941,1962]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[917,1010,1941,1962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">Papaver</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<date box="[1070,1232,1940,1963]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1985-06-26">
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<number box="[1070,1097,1941,1963]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="26.0">26</number>
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June
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<number box="[1175,1232,1940,1962]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1985.0">1985</number>
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</date>
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, emerged
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<date pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1986-03">
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March
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<number box="[814,872,1971,1993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1986.1">1986</number>
|
||
</date>
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. 1d. Same locality, galls collected
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<date box="[1282,1423,1971,1993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1988-07-06">
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<number box="[1282,1296,1971,1993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="6.0">6</number>
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July
|
||
<number box="[1366,1423,1971,1992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" value="1988.0">1988</number>
|
||
</date>
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, emerged
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<date box="[257,381,280,302]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1989-04">
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April
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<number box="[323,381,280,301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1989.0">1989</number>
|
||
</date>
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. Deposited in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid.
|
||
<number box="[516,530,311,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
♀. Madrid, Aldea del Fresno,
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||
<date box="[248,388,341,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1988-07-06">
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||
<number box="[248,262,341,363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="6.0">6</number>
|
||
July
|
||
<number box="[330,388,341,362]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1988.0">1988</number>
|
||
</date>
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||
. Reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[554,703,341,362]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[554,703,341,362]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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galls on
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[186,279,372,393]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[186,279,372,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Papaver</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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sp., emerged
|
||
<date box="[431,552,372,394]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1989-04">
|
||
April
|
||
<number box="[494,552,372,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1989.1">1989</number>
|
||
</date>
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. 1d. Madrid, Rivas Vaciamadrid,
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<date box="[311,460,402,424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1987-05-27">
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||
<number box="[311,338,402,423]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="27.0">27</number>
|
||
May
|
||
<number box="[402,460,402,423]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1987.0">1987</number>
|
||
</date>
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||
. Reared from
|
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<taxonomicName box="[619,766,402,423]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[619,766,402,423]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls on
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[262,355,433,454]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[262,355,433,454]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Papaver</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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sp., emerged
|
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<date box="[531,661,433,455]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1988-04">
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April
|
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<number box="[603,661,433,454]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1988.3">1988</number>
|
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</date>
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. 3♀
|
||
<number box="[726,740,433,454]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
d. Madrid, Aldea del Fresno and San Martin de Valdeiglesias,
|
||
<date box="[250,405,494,516]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1929-09">
|
||
<number box="[250,277,494,515]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="29.0">29</number>
|
||
September
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<number box="[414,472,494,515]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1997.0">1997</number>
|
||
. Reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[622,766,494,515]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[622,766,494,515]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls on
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[251,426,524,546]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhoeas">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[251,426,524,546]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Papaver rhoeas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emerged April to May,
|
||
<number pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1998.5">1998. 5</number>
|
||
♀
|
||
<number box="[204,218,555,576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
d. Madrid, Aldea del Fresno,
|
||
<date box="[600,763,555,577]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1998-10">
|
||
October
|
||
<number box="[705,763,555,576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1998.0">1998</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
. Reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[312,464,585,607]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[312,464,585,607]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls on
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[581,760,585,607]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhoeas">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[581,760,585,607]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Papaver rhoeas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emerged
|
||
<date box="[261,379,616,637]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1999-05">
|
||
May
|
||
<number box="[321,379,616,637]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1999.0">1999</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
. Deposited in the Zoological Museum, Uppsala University, Uppsala.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="490" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[154,767,727,871]" box="[154,283,727,748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[154,283,727,748]" fontSize="9" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,283,727,748]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[154,767,727,871]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,294,757,779]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Body length.</emphasis>
|
||
Measured from the anterior margin of the head to the posterior margin of the eighth abdominal tergum:
|
||
<number box="[249,283,818,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="2.5">2.5</number>
|
||
±
|
||
<quantity box="[308,391,818,840]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(range
|
||
<number box="[476,560,818,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="2.2" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.6">1.6–2.8</number>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[570,590,819,840]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">N</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<number box="[615,641,819,841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="11.0">11</number>
|
||
) for males, 3.0±
|
||
<quantity box="[213,296,849,871]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(range
|
||
<number box="[385,469,849,870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="3.05" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="2.4">2.4–3.7</number>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[482,502,849,870]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">N</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<number box="[526,553,849,871]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="18.0">18</number>
|
||
) for females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[154,767,907,1388]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,383,907,929]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Head, anterior view</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[401,467,907,929]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[814,894,1521,1543]" captionTargetBox="[819,1422,267,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[819,1424,267,1493]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Head of Parnips nigripes, female (SEM). A," httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269249/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[455,467,907,929]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Lower face not keeled medially; facial strigae radiating from clypeus, stopping near compound eyes and reaching lower margin of antennal sockets. Upper face and vertex coriarious; median frontal carina and lateral frontal carinae absent. Ocellar plate not raised. Head strongly narrowing ventrally; lateral margin of gena straight, height of malar space about
|
||
<number box="[364,412,1121,1143]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="0.65">0.65</number>
|
||
times the height of a compound eye. Clypeus slightly trapezoid. Ventral margin of clypeus almost straight, not distinctly projecting from cranial margin. Anterior tentorial pits small, sometimes obscured. Epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal lines weakly marked. Antennal sockets situated at mid-height of compound eye; distance between antennal rim and compound eye slightly longer than width of antennal socket including rim.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[154,767,1423,1660]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,384,1423,1445]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Head, posterior view</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[399,463,1424,1446]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[814,894,1521,1543]" captionTargetBox="[819,1422,267,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[819,1424,267,1493]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Head of Parnips nigripes, female (SEM). A," httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269249/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[449,463,1424,1446]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Occiput coriarious, flat, not deeply impressed around occipital foramen. Occipital carina lacking completely, head curving smoothly from lateral to posterior surface. Gular sulci free, well separated at hypostomata. Oral foramen long, more than three times as long as occipital foramen; distance between oral and occipital foramina short, shorter than the height of the occipital foramen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption box="[814,1427,1521,1543]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269249/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" targetBox="[819,1422,267,1491]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[814,1427,1521,1572]" box="[814,1427,1521,1543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,925,1521,1543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Head of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1036,1217,1521,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1036,1217,1521,1543]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Parnips nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female (SEM). A,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[154,767,1696,1993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,293,1696,1718]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Mouthparts.</emphasis>
|
||
Mandibles large, right mandible with three teeth; left with two teeth. Maxillary stipes narrow and elongate, about four times as long as broad, posterior surface with longitudinal carina along mesal margin. Maxillary palp five-segmented: first segment short, longer than broad; second to fourth segment relatively long,
|
||
<number box="[344,405,1879,1901]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4</number>
|
||
times as long as broad; fifth segment long, longer than fourth. Labial palp threesegmented: first and second segment subequal in length, third segment longer than second.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[814,1427,1521,1572]" box="[948,1295,1550,1572]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">anterior view. B, posterior view.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[814,1428,1668,1813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,1005,1668,1690]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Female antenna.</emphasis>
|
||
Flagellum with
|
||
<number box="[1202,1228,1669,1690]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="11.0">11</number>
|
||
connate articles. Length of F
|
||
<number box="[954,964,1700,1721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
<number box="[974,1008,1700,1721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1.1">1.1</number>
|
||
times length of F
|
||
<number box="[1219,1234,1700,1721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
. F
|
||
<number box="[1265,1278,1700,1721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
<number box="[1287,1321,1700,1721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="2.3">2.3</number>
|
||
times as long as broad. Ultimate flagellomere
|
||
<number box="[1236,1270,1730,1751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1.8">1.8</number>
|
||
times as long as the penultimate. Elongate placodeal sensilla present on all flagellomeres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[814,1428,1849,1993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,977,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Male antenna.</emphasis>
|
||
Flagellum with
|
||
<number box="[1167,1194,1849,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="12.0">12</number>
|
||
connate articles. F
|
||
<number box="[1417,1427,1849,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
cylindrical in shape, neither excavated nor expanded, without a longitudinal ridge. Length of F
|
||
<number box="[1300,1310,1910,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
1.0 times the length of F
|
||
<number box="[975,990,1941,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
. F
|
||
<number box="[1016,1029,1941,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
<number box="[1033,1067,1941,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="2.3">2.3</number>
|
||
times as long as broad. Ultimate flagellomere
|
||
<number box="[967,1001,1971,1992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" value="1.4">1.4</number>
|
||
times as long as the penultimate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[154,767,280,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Elongate placodeal sensilla present on all flagellomeres.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[154,767,374,854]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,265,374,395]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[286,361,374,396]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[154,234,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[311,1270,265,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[311,1270,265,1716]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Mesosoma of Parnips nigripes, female (SEM). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view. Abbreviations: lpc – lateral pronotal carina; dpa – dorsal pronotal area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269250/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<number box="[347,361,374,395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A,B,
|
||
<number box="[423,436,374,396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
A). Pronotum medially long (high), ratio of median distance between anterior and posterior margins to lateral distance between these margins
|
||
<number box="[259,296,465,487]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="0.5">0.5</number>
|
||
. Lateral pronotal carinae (lpc,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[671,740,465,487]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[154,234,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[311,1270,265,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[311,1270,265,1716]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Mesosoma of Parnips nigripes, female (SEM). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view. Abbreviations: lpc – lateral pronotal carina; dpa – dorsal pronotal area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269250/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[727,740,465,487]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A) widely separated medially, prominent, meeting posteroventral pronotal margin. Submedian pronotal depressions oval, small and shallow, open laterally, connected by a shallow groove medially. Posterior pronotal plate not differentiated, except that the lateroventral corners are marked by the pronotal surface beneath them being depressed. Pronotum in profile distinctly angled dorsally a short distance in front of the posterior margin, a tiny rim-like dorsal pronotal area (dpa,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[277,343,771,793]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[154,234,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[311,1270,265,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[311,1270,265,1716]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Mesosoma of Parnips nigripes, female (SEM). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view. Abbreviations: lpc – lateral pronotal carina; dpa – dorsal pronotal area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269250/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[329,343,771,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
B) present behind this angle. Lateral surface of pronotum coriarious with some irregular, horizontal costulae posteriorly in lower half.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[154,767,895,1223]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,284,896,917]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Mesonotum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[299,365,895,917]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[154,234,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[311,1270,265,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[311,1270,265,1716]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Mesosoma of Parnips nigripes, female (SEM). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view. Abbreviations: lpc – lateral pronotal carina; dpa – dorsal pronotal area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269250/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[350,365,895,917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A,B). Scutum coriarious-colliculate, posteriorly rugulose to transversely weakly costulate, dull. Median mesoscutal impression weakly impressed in posterior one third of mesoscutum, ending in a more distinctly impressed pit. Notauli narrow and shallow, faint in anterior half of mesoscutum, distinct in posterior half. Scutellar foveae shallow, posterior margin not marked. Dorsal surface of scutellum rugose. Posterodorsal and posterior margin of axillula indistinct. Lateral shining strip not extended dorsoposteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[154,767,1264,1530]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Mesopectus (mesopleuron including subpleuron and sternum)</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[272,338,1295,1317]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[154,234,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[311,1270,265,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[311,1270,265,1716]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Mesosoma of Parnips nigripes, female (SEM). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view. Abbreviations: lpc – lateral pronotal carina; dpa – dorsal pronotal area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269250/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[324,338,1295,1317]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Mesopleuron dull except for a minute shining patch at the posteroventral corner of the speculum. Mesopleuron beneath mesopleural triangle coriarious-colliculate, partly weakly rugulose, speculum also weakly longitudinally costulate. Middle part of mesopleuron without horizontal furrow or carinae. Mesopleural triangle distinctly impressed, ventral margin clearly marked except medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[154,767,1572,1685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,283,1572,1593]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Metanotum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[310,392,1572,1594]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[154,234,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[311,1270,265,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[311,1270,265,1716]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Mesosoma of Parnips nigripes, female (SEM). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view. Abbreviations: lpc – lateral pronotal carina; dpa – dorsal pronotal area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269250/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<number box="[378,392,1572,1593]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A,
|
||
<number box="[435,449,1572,1594]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
B). Metascutellum largely glabrate; long, not conspicuously constricted medially. Bar ventral to metanotal trough almost smooth. Metanotal trough moderately wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[154,767,1726,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,524,1726,1748]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Metapectal–propodeal complex</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[566,662,1727,1749]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[154,234,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[311,1270,265,1715]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[311,1270,265,1716]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Mesosoma of Parnips nigripes, female (SEM). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view. Abbreviations: lpc – lateral pronotal carina; dpa – dorsal pronotal area." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269250/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<number box="[648,662,1727,1748]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A,
|
||
<number box="[720,734,1726,1748]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
B). Metapleural sulcus meeting anterior margin of metapectal–propodeal complex slightly above the mid-height of the latter. Metepimeron semicircular, small. Lateral propodeal carinae subparallel, narrow, not flattened above. Lateral and median propodeal area sparsely rugose to almost smooth. Nucha moderately long dorsally, almost smooth, posterior margin distinctly incised medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[814,1428,280,455]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,872,280,301]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Procoxa with distinct anterolateral crest. Anterior surface of mesocoxa strongly protruding, its peak close to base of coxa. Metacoxa elongate. Longitudinal carina on posterior surface of metatibia minute, barely more than a fold in the cuticle, present medially to subdistally. Claws without a basal lobe or tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[814,1428,487,662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,919,487,508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Forewing</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[941,1016,487,509]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[175,255,1665,1687]" captionTargetBox="[166,746,1350,1636]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[158,763,1350,1637]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Left forewing of Parnips nigripes, female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269252/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1000,1016,487,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="6.0">6</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Slightly infuscate. Marginal cell closed along anterior margin. Rs+M arising from the junction between the basal vein and M+Cu, i.e. the basal vein consists only of Rs. Bulla in R
|
||
<number box="[1270,1278,590,602]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
+Sc present. Areolet moderately large, closed by nebulous to tubular veins. Hair fringe along apical margin short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[814,1428,694,1389]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,1020,694,716]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Female metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1039,1105,694,717]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="7.[814,894,1196,1218]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,266,1180]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 7. Metasoma of Parnips nigripes, lateral view (SEM). A, female. B, male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269251/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1092,1105,695,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="7.0">7</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Tergal flange of petiolar annulus relatively long, glabrous, with a few short longitudinal carinae indicated basally. Distinct ventral flange missing but the ventral margin of the petiole is distinctly recurved posteriorly, forming an anterior prominence in front of the third abdominal sternum. Postpetiolar metasoma slightly laterally compressed, in lateral view high, lenticular. Euventral margin of metasoma distinctly angled between the hypopygium and the anterior sterna: euventral margin of anterior sterna almost vertical, euventral margin of hypopygium obliquely horizontal. Abdominal terga
|
||
<number box="[1331,1372,1031,1052]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8</number>
|
||
free, not fused. Third tergum with a few hairs anterodorsal to the spiracular remnant, otherwise nude, about twice as long as fourth tergum along dorsal curvature of metasoma. Posterior margin of third tergum in lateral view strongly slanted. Fourth to seventh terga subequal in size, distinctly and densely micropunctate, nude. Eighth tergum micropunctate and with additional, coarser hair punctures. Ventral spine of hypopygium not projecting, united almost to apex with the lateral flaps. Hypopygium ventrally with a relatively broad band of short pubescence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[814,1428,1421,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,935,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Ovipositor.</emphasis>
|
||
Basal part of ovipositor curved spirally almost
|
||
<number box="[899,940,1452,1474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="360.0">360</number>
|
||
°, with a distinct flexion point in the ninth tergum at the base of the third valvula (b
|
||
<date box="[1305,1331,1482,1504]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
<number box="[1305,1317,1482,1504]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
v
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1345,1414,1482,1504]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="8.[154,234,726,748]" captionTargetBox="[163,758,269,694]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[158,762,266,698]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 8. Ovipositor of Parnips nigripes, lateral view from the left side. Drawing from a slide mount of an ovipositor cleared in KOH. Abbreviations: b 3 v – base of third valvula; ce – cercus; cla – clear (but not weak) area in the third valvula; flp – flexion point in the ninth tergum, consisting of a weak and flexible, triangular area surrounded by more heavily sclerotized regions; tw – basal twist in terebra; 2 vlf – second valvifer; 9 tg – ninth abdominal tergum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269253/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1399,1414,1482,1504]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). The flexion point consists of a triangular, membranous piece of the ninth tergum (flp,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1163,1227,1543,1565]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="8.[154,234,726,748]" captionTargetBox="[163,758,269,694]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[158,762,266,698]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 8. Ovipositor of Parnips nigripes, lateral view from the left side. Drawing from a slide mount of an ovipositor cleared in KOH. Abbreviations: b 3 v – base of third valvula; ce – cercus; cla – clear (but not weak) area in the third valvula; flp – flexion point in the ninth tergum, consisting of a weak and flexible, triangular area surrounded by more heavily sclerotized regions; tw – basal twist in terebra; 2 vlf – second valvifer; 9 tg – ninth abdominal tergum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269253/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1214,1227,1543,1565]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) flanked by more heavily sclerotized parts anteriorly and posteriorly. The anterior part of the ovipositor can be folded downwards and outwards at the flexion point, increasing the action radius of the terebra. Terebra rotated
|
||
<number box="[1376,1417,1666,1687]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="180.0">180</number>
|
||
° basally (tw,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[949,1013,1696,1718]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="8.[154,234,726,748]" captionTargetBox="[163,758,269,694]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[158,762,266,698]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 8. Ovipositor of Parnips nigripes, lateral view from the left side. Drawing from a slide mount of an ovipositor cleared in KOH. Abbreviations: b 3 v – base of third valvula; ce – cercus; cla – clear (but not weak) area in the third valvula; flp – flexion point in the ninth tergum, consisting of a weak and flexible, triangular area surrounded by more heavily sclerotized regions; tw – basal twist in terebra; 2 vlf – second valvifer; 9 tg – ninth abdominal tergum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269253/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[999,1013,1696,1718]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), such that the first valvulae become dorsal rather than ventral in the composite terebra. In the two examined specimens, the rotation of the terebra is clock-wise if seen from the proximal end. Third valvula distinctly projecting beyond apex of ninth tergum. Third valvula with a clear area (cla,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[814,883,1879,1901]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="8.[154,234,726,748]" captionTargetBox="[163,758,269,694]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[158,762,266,698]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 8. Ovipositor of Parnips nigripes, lateral view from the left side. Drawing from a slide mount of an ovipositor cleared in KOH. Abbreviations: b 3 v – base of third valvula; ce – cercus; cla – clear (but not weak) area in the third valvula; flp – flexion point in the ninth tergum, consisting of a weak and flexible, triangular area surrounded by more heavily sclerotized regions; tw – basal twist in terebra; 2 vlf – second valvifer; 9 tg – ninth abdominal tergum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269253/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[870,883,1879,1901]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) in the middle, apically densely covered with short hairs on the lateral surface. Cercus (ce,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1352,1418,1910,1932]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="8.[154,234,726,748]" captionTargetBox="[163,758,269,694]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[158,762,266,698]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 8. Ovipositor of Parnips nigripes, lateral view from the left side. Drawing from a slide mount of an ovipositor cleared in KOH. Abbreviations: b 3 v – base of third valvula; ce – cercus; cla – clear (but not weak) area in the third valvula; flp – flexion point in the ninth tergum, consisting of a weak and flexible, triangular area surrounded by more heavily sclerotized regions; tw – basal twist in terebra; 2 vlf – second valvifer; 9 tg – ninth abdominal tergum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269253/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1405,1418,1910,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) rigidly attached to ninth tergum, discernible as a partly projecting, pubescent lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269250/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="489" targetBox="[311,1270,265,1715]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[154,1427,1745,1796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="489">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,263,1745,1767]" pageId="6" pageNumber="489">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Mesosoma of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[423,603,1745,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="489" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[423,603,1745,1767]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="489">Parnips nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female (SEM). A, lateral view. B, dorsal view. Abbreviations: lpc – lateral pronotal carina; dpa – dorsal pronotal area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[154,767,1879,1993]" lastBlockId="7.[814,1427,1307,1360]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="490" pageId="6" pageNumber="489">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,331,1879,1901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="489">Male metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[345,411,1880,1902]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="7.[814,894,1196,1218]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,266,1180]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 7. Metasoma of Parnips nigripes, lateral view (SEM). A, female. B, male." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269251/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="489">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[396,411,1880,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="489" value="7.0">7</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Similar to female metasoma except for the following features: Tergal flange of petiole much larger, almost covering the dorsal aspect of the petiole completely. Postpetiolar metasoma smaller and more elongate. Euventral margin slightly curved ventrally anteriorly, horizontal or oblique posteriorly, not angled. Third tergum slightly more than twice the length of the fourth along the dorsal curvature of the
|
||
<number box="[814,829,1307,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" value="9.0">9</number>
|
||
B). Aedeagus not distinctly expanded subapically, apically truncate (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1024,1090,1337,1360]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="8.[154,234,1740,1762]" captionTargetBox="[158,761,1025,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[158,763,1025,1711]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 9. Phallus of Parnips nigripes (SEM). A, ventral view. B, ventrolateral view of apex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269254/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1077,1090,1338,1360]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" value="9.0">9</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269251/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" targetBox="[158,1422,266,1180]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[814,1427,1199,1247]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,926,1196,1218]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Metasoma of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1093,1276,1196,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1093,1276,1196,1218]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Parnips nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lateral view (SEM). A, female. B, male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[154,768,1209,1286]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,261,1209,1231]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Mesosoma of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[420,598,1209,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[420,598,1209,1231]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Parnips nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female (SEM). A, oblique anterolateral view showing the pronotum. B, posterodorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[814,1427,1394,1447]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,941,1394,1416]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Black; tarsi, tibia and apex of femora yellowish to reddish brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption box="[175,746,1665,1687]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269252/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" targetBox="[166,746,1350,1636]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[175,746,1665,1687]" box="[175,746,1665,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[175,283,1665,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Left forewing of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[474,653,1665,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[474,653,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Parnips nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[154,767,1761,1875]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">metasoma. Eighth sternum with short, dense pubescence ventrally. Cercus present as a distinct, separate oval sclerite surrounded by a largely membranous ninth tergum.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[154,767,1910,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,248,1910,1932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Phallus.</emphasis>
|
||
Proximal margin of phallus not distinctly incised, almost straight. Basal ring large (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[664,733,1941,1963]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="8.[154,234,1740,1762]" captionTargetBox="[158,761,1025,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[158,763,1025,1711]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 9. Phallus of Parnips nigripes (SEM). A, ventral view. B, ventrolateral view of apex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269254/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[720,733,1941,1963]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" value="9.0">9</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Paramere only slightly extending beyond digitus (Fig.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="491" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[814,1428,1482,1993]" lastBlockId="8.[814,1427,280,425]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="491" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,904,1482,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is a koinobiont parasitoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Barbotinia oraniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a cynipid inducing spherical galls inside the seed capsules of annual species of poppies (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[823,999,1573,1595]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhoeas">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[823,999,1573,1595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Papaver rhoeas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1059,1177,1573,1595]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Papaver" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dubium">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1059,1177,1573,1595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">P. dubium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (Ronquist & Nieves- Aldrey, unpubl. data). Good field data on the activity period of the adults is missing. In gall rearings,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Parnips nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
emerges in February to May, simultaneously with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[875,1122,1696,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[875,1122,1696,1718]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Barbotinia oraniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barbotin F." journalOrPublisher="Marcellia" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="151 - 157" part="31" refString="Barbotin F. 1964. Sur une nouvelle galle et deux nouveaux cynipides en provenance d'Algerie. Marcellia 31: 151 - 157." title="Sur une nouvelle galle et deux nouveaux cynipides en provenance d'Algerie" type="journal article" year="1964">
|
||
Barbotin,
|
||
<number box="[1255,1312,1696,1718]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" value="1964.0">1964</number>
|
||
; Ronquist & Nieves-Aldrey, unpubl. data
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The adults live for a few weeks in the laboratory when provided free access to water and a diluted honey solution. The early emergence and short life span of the adults suggest that oviposition is into eggs or young larvae of the host, which is typical for insect-parasitic cynipoids. Around Madrid, the
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[967,1090,1910,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[967,1090,1910,1931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">P. nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larva is fully-grown in late September, when it can be found in the gall together with the skin and mandibles of the last instar host in completing its development to the last instar,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">P. nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clearly a koinobiont parasitoid. Presumably, it is an early internal–late external parasitoid like all parasitic cynipoids studied in detail thus far (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ronquist F." journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" pagination="139 - 164" part="28" refString="Ronquist F. 1999. Phylogeny, classification and evolution of the Cynipoidea. Zoologica Scripta 28: 139 - 164." title="Phylogeny, classification and evolution of the Cynipoidea" type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Ronquist,
|
||
<number box="[814,869,403,424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" value="1999.0">1999</number>
|
||
and references cited therein
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269253/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" targetBox="[163,758,269,694]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[154,767,726,982]" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,266,726,748]" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Ovipositor of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[433,615,726,748]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[433,615,726,748]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Parnips nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lateral view from the left side. Drawing from a slide mount of an ovipositor cleared in KOH. Abbreviations: b3v – base of third valvula; ce – cercus; cla – clear (but not weak) area in the third valvula; flp – flexion point in the ninth tergum, consisting of a weak and flexible, triangular area surrounded by more heavily sclerotized regions; tw – basal twist in terebra; 2vlf – second valvifer; 9tg – ninth abdominal tergum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269254/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" targetBox="[158,761,1025,1711]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[154,767,1740,1791]" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[154,261,1740,1762]" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Phallus of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[390,568,1740,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[390,568,1740,1762]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Parnips nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SEM). A, ventral view. B, ventrolateral view of apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[154,767,1849,1993]" lastBlockId="8.[814,1428,469,767]" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">
|
||
larva. The galls containing
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[484,607,1849,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[484,607,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">P. nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are virtually indistinguishable from those containing
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[618,766,1879,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[618,766,1879,1901]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">B. oraniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the two species are of similar size, the male being smaller in both. Since oviposition evidently occurs early in the life cycle of the host, and the latter succeeds
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[814,1156,469,491]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">
|
||
Distribution.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[968,1156,469,490]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">Parnips nigripes</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has only been recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[882,965,500,522]" name="Algeria" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Algeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(the provinces of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1194,1255,500,521]" name="Algeria" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Oran</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Mascara and Saida) and the centre of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1084,1150,531,553]" name="Spain" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barbotin F." box="[1163,1332,531,553]" journalOrPublisher="Marcellia" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" pagination="151 - 157" part="31" refString="Barbotin F. 1964. Sur une nouvelle galle et deux nouveaux cynipides en provenance d'Algerie. Marcellia 31: 151 - 157." title="Sur une nouvelle galle et deux nouveaux cynipides en provenance d'Algerie" type="journal article" year="1964">
|
||
Barbotin,
|
||
<number box="[1275,1332,531,553]" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" value="1964.0">1964</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Nieves-
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nieves-Aldrey JL." box="[814,964,561,583]" journalOrPublisher="Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia Suppl. 1 (Actas do III Congreso Iberico de Entomologia. Lisboa)" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" pagination="117 - 128" refString="Nieves-Aldrey JL. 1985. Nuevos Aylaxini (Hym., Cynipidae) para la Peninsula Iberica con descripcion de una nueva especie de Aylax Htg. Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia Suppl. 1 (Actas do III Congreso Iberico de Entomologia. Lisboa): 117 - 128." title="Nuevos Aylaxini (Hym., Cynipidae) para la Peninsula Iberica con descripcion de una nueva especie de Aylax Htg" type="book chapter" year="1985">
|
||
Aldrey,
|
||
<number box="[906,964,561,583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" value="1985.0">1985</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, galls of its host (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Barbotinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraniensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Barbotinia oraniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) have also been found in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1361,1427,592,614]" name="Spain" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Nieves-Aldrey, unpubl. data) and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1195,1249,623,645]" name="Italy" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Nieves-Aldrey JL." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" pagination="175 - 206" part="3" refString="Nieves-Aldrey JL. 1994. Revision of West-European Genera of the Tribe Aylacini Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 3: 175 - 206." title="Revision of West-European Genera of the Tribe Aylacini Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae)" type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Nieves-Aldrey,
|
||
<number box="[814,869,654,676]" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" value="1994.0">1994</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as well as in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1036,1115,654,675]" name="France" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1173,1275,653,675]" name="Romania" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">Romania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(F. Barbotin, pers. comm.). Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1060,1183,684,705]" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Parnips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1060,1183,684,705]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="491">P. nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may well be widely distributed in southern Europe and around the Mediterranean Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |